Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
  • F26B5/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by suction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
  • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B08—CLEANING
  • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
  • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
  • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
  • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
  • F01L1/02—Valve drive
  • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
  • F01L1/047—Camshafts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
  • F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
  • F16C3/06—Crankshafts

Definitions

• the invention relates to a system for drying workpieces which have been charged with a liquid medium. For receiving at least one workpiece to be dried, there is a workpiece receiving area in this system. Moreover, the invention also relates to methods for drying such workpieces.
• drying ovens In which the workpieces are subjected to heat in order to evaporate adhering to the workpieces liquid media.
• this drying process usually requires a great deal of energy and time.
• workpieces for drying in industrial production are moved by one or more workpiece axes with handling robots, while blowing air is simultaneously applied to the surface of the workpieces.
• DE 42 37 335 A1 describes a system for drying of the type mentioned initially.
• workpieces treated with a cleaning fluid can be exposed to a vacuum in an airtight sealable chamber. By evacuating the chamber, residues of cleaning liquid adhering to a workpiece are then evaporated.
• this system contains blowing nozzles, with which air jets are generated. Workpieces are blown off with these air jets. The cleaning liquid received in the holes and blind holes of a workpiece is thereby atomized.
• the object of the invention is to reduce the energy required for the drying of workpieces that have been charged with liquid media.
• This object is achieved by a plant of the type mentioned, which has a suction device and a housing in which a workpiece arranged in the workpiece receiving area are enclosed can, wherein the housing has a suction connected to the Absaugvor by a suction line suction port to generate a vacuum by sucking the suction line with the suction device to the suction port of the housing.
• liquid media deposited on a workpiece in the housing rapidly evaporate and are thereby released from the workpiece.
• a workpiece arranged in the workpiece receiving area and within the housing preferably causes (by means of displacement effects) a reduction in the volume of fluid in the housing.
• the invention makes use of the fact that spaces in the form of flow channels are formed between a workpiece arranged in the housing and the housing with a clear cross-section reduced in relation to the surroundings.
• the fluid flow in the housing is then guided in the workpiece receiving area through one or more bottlenecks, in which it is accelerated in sections on its way into the suction line and / or slowed down and / or also deflected.
• the housing has a housing wall with at least one passage opening for a gaseous fluid through which the gaseous fluid can be sucked into the housing by generating negative pressure at the suction connection with the suction device. If a negative pressure is generated at the suction connection of the housing, a pressure gradient forms there between the at least one passage opening and the suction connection, so that a fluid flow then arises from the passage opening to the suction connection through the housing.
• this fluid flow extends at least in sections along the workpiece to be dried. Due to the dynamic pressure dependent on the velocity of the fluid flow, the static pressure on the surfaces of the workpiece to be dried is also changed and at least partially reduced.
• the inventors have recognized that due to the flow velocity of the fluid flow, liquid droplets deposited on the surface of a workpiece can be removed particularly effectively at such a reduced static pressure.
• Narrow sections are preferably formed in sections between the housing and a workpiece, at which point the flow velocity of the fluid flow reaches a relative maximum, so that the desired drying effect is particularly great there. It is also an idea of the invention to direct the fluid flow in the housing through cavities of a workpiece in which the fluid flow is also locally accelerated.
• the suction device in the system contains a vacuum container, which can be ventilated via the suction line, and an evacuation device for evacuating the vacuum container.
• a vacuum container which can be ventilated via the suction line
• an evacuation device for evacuating the vacuum container.
• the system has a lent valve designed as a valve.
• the housing surrounding the workpiece receiving area is arranged in a vacuum-tightly closable vacuum chamber. This makes it possible to pre-dry workpieces in the system by applying a strong fluid flow and then, after predrying, to vacuum drying them by evacuating the vacuum chamber.
• a partial vacuum can be formed by applying negative pressure to the suction connection of the housing in the vacuum chamber. Setting a higher vacuum in the vacuum chamber for vacuum drying is then possible with reduced energy and time.
• the evacuation means may include a suction pump connected to the vacuum chamber through a fluid line on the suction side. It is advantageous if the system has a suction-side communicating to the suction pump with the fluid line line for evacuating the vacuum vessel. In this way, the evacuation device can be used both for evacuating the vacuum container and for evacuating the vacuum chamber.
• the system may have a ventilation device for venting the vacuum chamber.
• This ventilation device preferably includes a valve which selectively releases or obstructs a flow path for fluid leading into the interior of the vacuum chamber.
• the housing in the vacuum chamber can be designed tunnel-shaped.
• a linear movement device for the linear displacement of workpieces through the housing from a first closable opening of the vacuum chamber to a further opening of the vacuum chamber opposite the first opening can then be provided in the housing. To this This enables the drying of workpieces in the system with short cycle times.
• the system may also include a housing having a first housing portion which is displaceable for locating workpieces in the workpiece receiving area relative to a second housing portion of the housing. In this way, the arrangement of workpieces in the housing of the system can be simplified.
• the invention also extends to a plant system for the industrial cleaning of workpieces with a cleaning system, in which workpieces can be acted upon by a liquid medium containing a plant for the drying of liquid medium acted upon workpieces having the features indicated above.
• the invention also extends to a method for the drying of workpieces which have been charged with a liquid medium, in which a workpiece is arranged in a housing, and in which the workpiece by sucking gaseous fluid from the housing with a gaseous fluid flow is applied.
• an idea of the invention is that the workpiece is placed in a vacuum chamber prior to vacuum drying in the housing. It is advantageous if the housing is at least partially adapted to the outer contour of the workpieces. In this way, the amount of fluid that must be pumped for adjusting a vacuum in the vacuum chamber and for generating a flow of fluid through the housing in the plant can be reduced.
• the plant 10 shown in FIG. 1 for the drying of workpieces 12 has a vacuum chamber 14 with an evacuatable interior space 30.
• the plant 10 has an evacuation device 16 for evacuating the vacuum chamber 14.
• the evacuation device 16 has an outlet 48 and contains a suction pump 18, which is connected to the vacuum chamber 14 by a pressure-resistant fluid line 20 in which a check valve 22 is located.
• a housing 26 in which a workpiece 12 arranged in the workpiece receiving area 24 can be enclosed.
• the housing 26 has a housing wall with passage openings 72 for gaseous fluid. These passage openings are arranged in the vacuum chamber 14 passages for gaseous fluid from the evacuatable inner space 30 of the vacuum chamber 14 into which the interior of the housing 26th
• the system 10 includes a suction device 32.
• the suction device 32 has an evacuable vacuum container 34, which is connected by a line 36 opening into the fluid line 20 for gaseous fluid with the suction pump 18.
• the flow path for fluid between the vacuum container 34 and the suction pump 18 can optionally be released and blocked with a shut-off valve 38 arranged in the line 36.
• a vacuum can be generated in the vacuum container 34.
• the residual gas pressure for the vacuum in the vacuum container is preferably between 20 mbar and 10 mbar.
• the vacuum tank 34 has an outlet 48 for discharging liquid accumulated therein through a fluid conduit 50 into a receptacle 52 which can be selectively released or blocked with a shut-off valve 54.
• the housing 26 arranged in the vacuum comb 14 has a suction connection 40, which is connected by a suction line 42 to the evacuable vacuum container 34 of the suction device 32.
• a suction line 42 designed as a flap valve 44 valve is arranged in the suction line 42 designed as a flap valve 44 valve is arranged.
• the flap valve 44 is designed for short switching times and therefore can release the opening cross-section of the suction line 42 abruptly, ie within a time interval of length At ⁇ 1 s, preferably within a time interval of length At ⁇ 0.1 s.
• the vacuum chamber 14 has two opposing openings 56, 58, which can be optionally released with closed-off devices 60, 62 designed as bulkheads or closed fluid-tight.
• closed-off devices 60, 62 designed as bulkheads or closed fluid-tight.
• actuators 64, 66 for moving the closing bodies 60, 62.
• the plant 10 is adapted to dry workpieces 12 in two consecutive, different drying modes which have been applied with cleaning fluids in an industrial cleaning plant (not shown) for e.g. B. from Spangut and lubricants to clean.
• cleaning fluids for cleaning the workpieces 12 with cleaning fluids, the surface of the workpieces 12 is wetted with cleaning fluids in such a cleaning system.
• the cleaning fluids for applying the workpieces are also received in the recesses, holes and blind holes of the workpieces 12.
• the first drying mode of the system 10 allows predrying of workpieces 12 received therein.
• the second drying mode of the system 10 enables efficient vacuum drying of workpieces 12 that have been predried with the first drying mode of the system 10.
• the workpieces 12 after being treated in a cleaning system are positioned in the housing 26 in the vacuum chamber 14 by the openings 56 or 58 released by the closing bodies 60, 62 in the workpiece receiving area 24. Then the closing body 60, 62 are moved by means of the actuators 64, 66 in its closed position. The openings 56, 58 of the vacuum chamber 14 for the insertion and removal of workpieces 12 are then sealed fluid-tight.
• a vacuum is set with the evacuation device 16 via the line 36 with a correspondingly open shut-off valve 38, the absolute residual pressure of which is preferably between 20 mbar and 10 mbar.
• the arranged in the housing 26 of the vacuum chamber 14 workpiece 12 may, for. B. be an engine block. In this case, it is favorable if the volume of the vacuum container 34 is about 2m 3 . However, the volume of the vacuum tank 34 may in principle be smaller if the dimensions of the housing 26 are adapted to suitably smaller workpieces, for. B. on crankshafts or camshafts.
• the fluid flow 28 formed in the interior of the housing 26 acts on the surface of the workpiece 12 arranged in the workpiece receiving area 24 in a manner similar to blowing air.
• the cleaning fluids received on the surface of the workpiece 12 and in scooping or internal areas of the workpiece are taken up by the fluid flow 28 and moved through the suction port 40 of the housing 26 via the suction line 42 into the vacuum container 34 until the pressure equalization between the vacuum container 34 and the interior of the housing 26 has set.
• the vacuum drying in the system 10 is initiated with the second system operating mode.
• the flap valve 44 is closed and the shut-off valve 22 is opened in the fluid line 20 to evacuate the vacuum chamber 14 as a whole with the evacuation device 16 to a residual pressure which is as low as possible the vapor pressure of the received on and in the workpieces 12 cleaning fluid ,
• the pressure equalization between the vacuum tank 34 and the vacuum chamber 14 in the system 10 in a modified to the above mode operation before the pre-drying of workpieces 12 can also be made when the closing body 60, 62, the openings 56, 58 in Release the vacuum chamber 14 in whole or in part.
• the closing bodies 60, 62 are only moved into the closed position when the fluid flow caused by the pressure equalization with the vacuum container 34 has come to a standstill through the housing 26.
• FIG. 2 shows a partial section of a second system 100 with a vacuum chamber 14 and with a housing 126 for enclosing a workpiece 12.
• the housing 126 is adapted to the outer contour of the workpiece.
• the modules of the second system 100 correspond to the modules of the system 10 described above, they are marked with numbers increased by the number 100 as reference numerals.
• the vacuum chamber 1 14 has a ventilation device 1 15 'with a supply air opening 1 15.
• the supply air opening 1 15 can be selectively released and locked with a flap valve 121.
• the Zu Kunststoffö Stamm 1 15 is associated with a muffler 1 16, through which in the direction of arrow 1 19 in the interior of the vacuum chamber 1 14 ambient air can flow when caused by the housing 126 by establishing pressure equalization with a vacuum vessel (not shown), a fluid flow is applied to a arranged in the housing 126 in a workpiece receiving portion 124 workpiece 12.
• FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a third plant 200 with a vacuum chamber 214 and with a housing 226 for enclosing a workpiece 12.
• FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the third plant 200.
• the housing 226 is adapted to the outer contour of the workpiece.
• the modules of the third system 200 correspond to the modules of the system 10 described above, they are identified by numbers increased by 200 numbers as reference numerals.
• the housing 226 arranged in the vacuum chamber 214 is also sealed.
• the interior of the housing 226 with the workpiece receiving area 224 provided therein is designed here tunnel-shaped.
• the vacuum chamber 214 there is a linear movement device in the form of a roller track 221 ', on which the workpieces 12 can be moved through the workpiece receiving area 224.
• FIG. 5 shows a partial section of a fourth plant 300 with a vacuum chamber 314 and with a housing 326 for enclosing a workpiece 12 in a workpiece receiving area 324.
• the housing 326 in the system 300 is designed in two parts and has a first housing part 327 and a further housing part 329 which are movable relative to one another with the movement members 333, 335 passing through the wall 331 of the vacuum chamber 314 in the direction of the double arrows 337, 339. to selectively release or enclose a workpiece disposed in the workpiece receiving area 324 in the vacuum chamber 314.
• FIG. 6 shows a partial section of a fifth plant 400 with a vacuum chamber 414 and with a housing 426 for enclosing a workpiece 12.
• the housing 426 in the plant 400 has a bell-shaped portion as a first housing part 427, which has the ceiling 441 the vacuum chamber 414 passing through the movement member 443 in the direction of the double arrow 445 in the interior 430 of the vacuum chamber 414 relative to the second housing part 429 can be raised and lowered to selectively release or enclose a workpiece 12 disposed in the workpiece receiving portion 424 in the vacuum chamber 414 workpiece.
• FIG. 7 shows a partial section of a sixth plant 500 with a vacuum chamber 514 and with a housing 526 for enclosing a workpiece 12 in a workpiece receiving area 524.
• the vacuum chamber 514 in the system 500 is designed in two parts and has a chamber part 545 which can be raised and lowered with a movement member (not shown) in the direction of the double arrow 547 with respect to a chamber part 549.
• the housing 526 is also designed in several parts. It has a section 527 which can be displaced relative to a section 529. The portion 527 of the housing 526 is positioned stationary to the chamber part 545 and the portion 529 of the housing 526 is fixed to the chamber part 549th
• the chamber part 545 can be moved between a closed and an open position.
• the workpiece receiving area 524 is released for the supply and removal of workpieces 12.
• the closed position a workpiece 12 disposed in the workpiece receiving area 524 is enclosed in the housing 526.
• FIG. 8 shows a seventh installation 600 for drying workpieces 12.
• FIG. 9 is a partial view of the installation 600 in the direction indicated by the arrow IX in FIG. 8 identified viewing direction.
• the plant 600 for the drying of workpieces 12 has a workpiece receiving area 624 and contains a housing 626 with a first housing part 627 and a relative to the first housing part 627 by means of a drive (not shown) between an open and closed position displaceable second housing part 629th Das Geotrous 626 is adapted to the shape of the lateral sections of the workpiece 12 in that the dimensions of the space enclosed by the housing 626 are only slightly larger than a workpiece 12 arranged in the workpiece receiving area 624.
• the workpiece arranged in the workpiece receiving area 624 of the installation 600 12 can z. B. be an engine block.
• the first housing part 627 is funnel-shaped and has a suction flap designed as a flap valve 644.
• the second housing part 629 is hood-shaped and contains a funnel-shaped opening 615 with a flap valve 621.
• the second housing part 629 is moved relative to the first housing part 627 in the open position.
• the second housing part 629 bears against a seal 61 1 arranged between the first housing part 627 and the second housing part 629.
• the first housing part 627 forms with the second housing part 629 a vacuum chamber, which is ventilated by the flap valve 621 and which can be evacuated by the flap valve 644 designed as the suction valve.
• the system 600 has an evacuation device 16 for evacuating the vacuum chamber formed when the second housing part 629 is applied to the first housing part 627. In order to dry workpieces 12 in the installation 600, these are arranged in a workpiece receiving area 624 in the vacuum chamber formed with the first housing part 627 and the second housing part 629 of the housing 626.
• the plant 600 has a Absaugvorhchtung 32.
• the suction device 32 has an evacuable vacuum container 34, which is connected by a line 36 for gaseous fluid with the suction pump 18 of an evacuation device 16.
• the evacuation device 16 has an outlet 48 and contains a suction pump 18.
• the flow path for fluid between the vacuum tank 34 and the suction pump 18 can be selectively released and blocked.
• the suction pump 18 it is possible to generate a vacuum in the vacuum tank 34.
• the residual gas pressure for the vacuum in the vacuum container is preferably between 20 mbar and 100 mbar.
• the vacuum tank 34 has an outlet 48 for discharging liquid accumulated therein through a fluid conduit 50 into a receptacle 52 which can be selectively released or blocked with a shut-off valve 54.
• a flow path for fluid having a fluid flow 28 through the suction line 42 can be selectively enabled and disabled.
• the flap valve 644 is designed for short switching times and can therefore release the opening cross-section of the suction line 42 abruptly, d. H. within a time interval of length At ⁇ 1 s, preferably within a time interval of length At ⁇ 0.1 s.
• the plant 600 is also designed to dry workpieces 12 which have been subjected to cleaning fluids in an industrial cleaning plant (not shown) in order, for. B. from Spangut and lubricants to clean.
• cleaning fluids for cleaning the workpieces 12 with cleaning fluids is in a Such cleaning system, the surface of the workpieces 612 wetted with cleaning fluids.
• the cleaning fluids for applying the workpieces are also received in the recesses, holes and blind holes of the workpieces 12.
• the workpieces 12 are positioned in the workpiece receiving area 624 after being treated in a cleaning facility. Then, the second housing part 629 and the first housing part 627 of the housing 626 are moved against each other in the closed position.
• a vacuum is then set with the evacuation device 16 via the line 36 with a correspondingly open shut-off valve 38, the absolute residual pressure of which is preferably between 20 mbar and 100 mbar.
• a negative pressure which is preferably about 1 bar in relation to the atmospheric pressure.
• the housing 626 has walls which, with a workpiece 12 arranged in the workpiece receiving area 624, narrow the flow cross section for the fluid flow 28 entering the housing 626. It is thereby achieved that the flow velocity of the fluid flow 28 there is increased at the surface of the workpiece 12 and is large enough to detach from the surface of the workpiece 12 liquid residues and / or impurities.
• the fluid flow 28 formed in the interior of the housing 626 acts on the surface of the workpiece 12 arranged in the workpiece receiving area 624 in a manner similar to blowing air.
• the cleaning liquids received on the surface of the workpiece 12 and in scooping areas or even in the interior spaces of the workpiece 12 are taken up by the fluid flow 28 and moved through the suction connection 640 via the suction line 42 into the vacuum container 34 until the pressure equalization between the vacuum container 34 and has set the interior of the housing 26.
• the invention relates to a system 10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 for the drying of workpieces 12, 1 12, 212, 312, 412, 512, 612, with a liquid medium were applied.
• the plant 10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 has a workpiece receiving area 24, 124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624 for receiving at least one workpiece 12 to be dried.
• a suction device 32 In the plant 10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, there is a suction device 32 and a housing 26, 126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626 in which a in the workpiece receiving portion 24, 124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624 arranged workpiece 12th can be included.
• the housing 26, 126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626 has a suction port 40, 140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640 connected to the exhaust device 32 through a suction line 42.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
• Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=53496674

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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• 2014
  • 2014-07-07 DE DE102014213172.3A patent/DE102014213172A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-06-25 WO PCT/EP2015/064473 patent/WO2016005206A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2015-06-25 EP EP15732637.2A patent/EP3167238A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-06-25 CN CN201580037105.7A patent/CN106662398B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-01-04 US US15/398,516 patent/US20170115058A1/en not_active Abandoned

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