EP3109432B1 - Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3109432B1
EP3109432B1 EP16466009.4A EP16466009A EP3109432B1 EP 3109432 B1 EP3109432 B1 EP 3109432B1 EP 16466009 A EP16466009 A EP 16466009A EP 3109432 B1 EP3109432 B1 EP 3109432B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chemical
pressure
technical liquid
hydraulic
pneumatic
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP16466009.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3109432A1 (fr
Inventor
Ladislav St'astny
Karel Stiblik
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Zivnuestka Jan
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Zivnuestka Jan
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Publication date
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Priority to PL16466009T priority Critical patent/PL3109432T3/pl
Publication of EP3109432A1 publication Critical patent/EP3109432A1/fr
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Publication of EP3109432B1 publication Critical patent/EP3109432B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/04—Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for execution of a method of cleaning (decarbonization and demineralization) and to the actual method of cleaning of the working parts of the combustion engines.
  • the invention relates to a device for performing a method of cleaning, including the composition of chemical-technical liquids used for this purpose, and to the method of cleaning of the combustion engines.
  • the method of cleaning of combustion engines is characterized in that a chemical-technical liquid is forced into the combustion compartment of the individual cylinder, in the closed space above the piston, in standstill state of the engine, under the pressure within the range of from 0.1 to 2 MPa, using the combustion engine cleaning device, while the said chemical-technical liquid dissolves carbon and mineral deposits, which originate during combustion of the greases and fuels, while some deposits have acid characteristic, and some deposits, especially the fuel ones, have alkaline characteristic.
  • the process of cleaning thus consists of the minimum of two separate processes, while the alkaline and acid chemical-technical liquid is alternately used.
  • an acid chemical-technical liquid water solution of the individual acid - hydrochloric acid, trihydrogen phosphoric acid, boric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid or lactic acid
  • the working time of contact with the metallic surfaces of the aluminum alloys is limited, this depending on its concentration, within the time range of from 1 to 200 minutes.
  • the working time of contact with metallic surfaces is also limited, this depending on its concentration, within the time range of from 1 to 200 minutes.
  • the cleaning always takes place in an individual cylinder, this in the upper dead point of the piston, or partially under it, with the space above piston (i.e. the combustion space) closed so that during injection of the chemical-technical liquid into the cylinder above the piston under an increased pressure, the chemical-technical liquid flows mainly between the space between the piston, piston rings, and the internal wall of the cylinder, which causes circumfluence around the piston, dissolving deposited contamination, and possibly also releasing of the dead piston rings.
  • the piston is mechanically secured against drop from the original position for example by blocking of the crank mechanism.
  • Contaminated chemical-technical liquid with dissolved contamination is subsequently led from the cylinder compartment under the piston through the oil drainage hole, or, in case of two-stroke engines, through the channels in the casing, outside the engine.
  • the above described method of cleaning reduces the risk of local or total seizure of susceptible parts of the combustion engine, as it is when using the methods of cleaning while the engine running.
  • the increased effects of the chemical-technical liquid can be achieved by heating it up to the temperature within the range of from 50 to 100 °C, when the chemical dissolving of the deposits occurs with their subsequent conversion to gaseous state, the gaseous compounds of which by the effect of partial pressures increase the efficiency of the process of cleaning during heating up.
  • the device for executing the method of cleaning of the combustion engines contains pneumatic-hydraulic (refer to Figure 1 ), or hydraulic circuit (refer to Figure 2 ), which is provided on one side with an adapter for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the combustion compartment of the combustion engine through its firm casing, and from the other side, it is connected to the source of the chemical-technical liquid with the working pressure of from 0.1 to 2 MPa.
  • the device for cleaning of the combustion engines uses as the chemical-technical liquid alternately a water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with the contents of potassium hydroxide (or possibly sodium hydroxide), or a water solution of any of the above-mentioned acids.
  • the device To increase the effect of the process of cleaning, it is possible to equip the device with a heating of the chemical-technical liquid up to the temperature of 100 °C (refer to Figure 3 ). To increase working comfort during the process of cleaning, it is possible to equip the device with up to three separate pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuits for the individual types of chemical-technical liquid with individual outputs, so that when changing the types of the chemical-technical liquids, the appropriate pneumatic-hydraulic (refer to Figure 4 ) or the hydraulic circuit with the corresponding output will be used.
  • the present invention relates to a method of cleaning of combustion engines, which contains the following steps:
  • the entire time of the steps c), d), and e) is within the range of from 1 to 200 minutes.
  • the alkaline chemical-technical liquid is a water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide, with the resulting pH within the range of from 11 to 14.
  • the acid chemical-technical liquid is a water solution of an acid with the pH value within the range of from 1 to 5, preferably the acid is selected from the group of inorganic acids comprising hydrochloric acid, trihydrogen phosphoric acid, boric acid, or organic acids including citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, and lactic acid.
  • the temperature of the acid and/or alkaline chemical-technical liquid, which is in step c) led from the device for the performance of the method of cleaning of combustion engines through the pressure tubing through the adapter to the internal space of the cylinder of the combustion engine, to the part above the piston in the position of the upper dead point, is within the range of from 20 °C to 100 °C, preferably within the range of from 50 °C to 80 °C.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for the performance of the method of cleaning of the combustion engines according to the present invention, which contains at least one pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit with at least one source of the chemical-technical liquid with the working pressure of from 0.1 to 2 MPa, which is mechanically pressure-tight connected through a pressure tubing and an adapter for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the combustion space of the combustion engine through the solid casing of a cylinder.
  • the pressure tubing placed in the sequential order: a second part of the tubing link; a closing valve; a second collection vessel provided with a pressure gauge of the working pressure, a safety valve and a breathing valve; and further a closing valve at the output of the second collecting vessel.
  • the second collecting vessel contains a heating element for heating up of the chemical-technical liquid, and a thermostat.
  • the pneumatic-hydraulic or the hydraulic circuit provided with a pressure gauge includes the source of the chemical-technical liquid in a form of a storage vessel with the chemical-technical liquid, and a pump.
  • pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit contains in the sequential order on the pressure tubing: a storage vessel with the chemical-technical liquid and an output closing valve; further an uni-directional valve; a first collecting vessel with a breathing valve and a pressure gauge of working pressure, to which there is connected as a source of compressed gas a pressure vessel with a high-pressure pressure gauge and a reduction valve, while the compressed gas is non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-explosive, preferably the compressed gas is air; further an uni-directional valve; a pressure gauge of working pressure and a closing valve with a first part of the tubing link.
  • the device contains two or more pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuits, while the pressure vessel with the high-pressure pressure gauge is common for all the pneumatic-hydraulic circuits present in the device, and while the pressure vessel is connected to each individual pneumatic-hydraulic circuit using the reduction valve, which is included in each individual pneumatic-hydraulic circuit of the device and/or may be common for two or more pneumatic-hydraulic circuits.
  • the pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit is mechanically seated inside the box of a resistant material, preferably chosen from a group comprising metal, plastic, most preferably the material of the box is metal.
  • the alkaline chemical-technical liquid is a water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide, with the resulting pH within the range of from 11 to 14.
  • the acid chemical-technical liquid is a water solution of acid with the value of pH within the range of from 1 to 5, preferably the acid is selected from a group of inorganic acids comprising hydrochloric acid, trihydrogen phosphoric acid, boric acid, or from a group of organic acids comprising citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, and lactic acid.
  • Example 1 In the first example of the embodiment of the invention, the device for the performance of the method of cleaning of combustion engines is assembled from two parts of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit.
  • the first part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit with pressure piping 12 which is mechanically seated in the box 1 made of resistant material, while inside of this box 1 there are in sequential order seated the following components: storage vessel 2 with the chemical-technical liquid (water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with the content of potassium hydroxide (sodium hydroxide, or water solution of one of the acids mentioned), and the output closing valve 3 , further an uni-directional valve 4 , the first collection vessel 5 made of transparent material with a breather valve 6 and pressure gauge 7 of working pressure, further uni-directional valve 8 , pressure gauge 9 of working pressure and further then a closing valve 10 with tubing link 11 , that protrude from the casing of the box 1 , while to the first collection vessel 5 there is at the same time connected a pressure vessel 24 with a source
  • the storage vessel 2 for the chemical-technical liquid is in the box 1 of solid material located in the upper part so that the level of the chemical-technical liquid is higher than the level of the chemical-technical liquid in the first collecting vessel 5 .
  • the second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is connected through the second part of the tubing link 11 and it continuously links to the first part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit and there are in sequential order seated in it the following components - closing valve 14 , flexible pressure tubing 13 , the second collection vessel 15 with safety valve 17 , breathing valve 18 and pressure gauge 16 of working pressure, further then the closing valve 19 and adapter 20 for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the solid casing of the cylinder 21 of the combustion engine (refer to Figure 1 ).
  • Example 2 In the second example of embodiment of the invention, the device for the performance of the method of cleaning of the combustion engines is assembled of two parts of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit the same way, as it is in the first example of embodiment, however, with that the second collection vessel 15 on the external part of the device is provided with a heating element 29 for electrical heating up of the chemical-technical liquid with thermostat 30 for setting the required temperature (refer to Figure 3 ).
  • Example 3 In the third example of embodiment of the invention, the device for the performance of the method of cleaning of the combustion engines is assembled so that it consists of a hydraulic circuit with pressure tubing 26 with pressure gauge 31 , where there are in a sequential order seated the following components - storage vessel with chemical-technical liquid 28 (water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the above mentioned acids), a pump 27 adapter 20 for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the solid casing of the cylinder 21 of the combustion engine (refer to Figure 2 ).
  • chemical-technical liquid 28 water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the above mentioned acids
  • Example 3 Method of cleaning: Chemical-technical liquid (water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the acids mentioned) is gravitationally transported from the storage vessel 2 through the output closing valve 3 and uni-directional valve 4 to the first collection vessel 5 , which is thus filled while concurrent breathing of the compressed air space through the breathing valve 6 . Subsequently the pressure vessel 24 is opened with the source of compressed gas or air, which creates the pressure in the first collection vessel 5 , this with the value of from 0.1 to 2 MPa.
  • Chemical-technical liquid water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with a content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the acids mentioned
  • Chemical-technical liquid travels to the closing valve 10 at the output from the box 1 through a uni-directional valve 8 down to the first part of the tubing link 11 .
  • the first part of the device is in the standby mode and ready to be used.
  • the second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is connected, and through the closing valve 10 at the output from the box 1 approximately pone half of the volume of the chemical-technical liquid is passed to the second collection vessel 15 , and the closing valve 10 at the output from the box 1 closes.
  • the adapter 20 at the end of the pressure tubing 13 shall be connected to the combustion compartment between the piston 25 and the cylinder 21 , while the position of the piston 25 is at the upper dead point or slightly below that. In the engines with valves, these are closed during the process of cleaning.
  • the second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is closed at its input se before disconnecting the tubing link 11 by the closing valve 14 .
  • Chemical-technical liquid is transported from the second collection vessel 15 through the closing valve 19 after this vessel and the adapter 20 to the combustion space in the cylinder 21 , this either under increased working pressure, or gravitationally.
  • Example 4 Method of cleaning: Chemical-technical liquid (water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with the content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the mentioned acids) is sucked from the storage vessel 28 with the chemical-technical liquid by the pump 27 and further transported through the pressure tubing 26 through the adapter 20 to the combustion space in the cylinder 21 , while the chemical-technical liquid flows around the piston 25 and other particular mechanical parts and dissolves the deposits. The contaminated chemical-technical liquid then flows away through the space under the piston 25 .
  • Chemical-technical liquid water solution of tensides and aliphatic alcohols with the content of potassium (sodium) hydroxide, or a water solution of any of the mentioned acids
  • the invention can be used for cleaning of especially the inner parts of combustion engines without a necessity of complete dis-assembly of the engine, whereby it is possible, while spending low financial cost, to achieve a significant extension of the service life of the combustion engines and maintain their optimum operational characteristics, one of which being especially perfect functioning of sealing rings to ensure the necessary compression ratio in the combustion space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de nettoyage des moteurs à combustion, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes:
    a) un moteur à combustion est mis en état d'arrêt;
    b) un piston (25) d'un cylindre (21) du moteur à combustion, destiné à être nettoyé, est amené à la position de point mort supérieur, dans laquelle il est fixé, et dans le cas où le moteur contient des vannes, ceux-ci sont fermés;
    c) un liquide chimico-technique acide ou alcalin est conduit sous la pression de 0,1 à 2 MPa du dispositif pour effectuer le procédé de nettoyage des moteurs à combustion qui contient: au moins un circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique avec au moins une source de liquide chimico-technique avec une pression de travail de 0,1 à 2 MPa, qui est connecté mécaniquement, étanche à la pression, à travers un tube de pression (12, 13, 26) et un adaptateur (20) pour une liaison mécanique étanche à la pression à la espace de combustion du moteur à combustion à travers un boîtier solide du cylindre (21);
    par l'intermédiaire du tube de pression (12, 13, 26) à travers l'adaptateur (20) jusqu'à l'espace interne du cylindre (21) du moteur à combustion, à la partie située au-dessus du piston (25) dans la position du point mort supérieur;
    d) le liquide chimico-technique de l'étape c) s'écoule autour du piston (25) et les anneaux de piston à travers les espaces entre le piston (25), les anneaux de piston et la paroi interne du cylindre (21), dans la direction de l'entrée du liquide chimico-technique dans la partie interne du cylindre (21) au-dessus du piston (25) dans la position du point mort supérieur, à la partie interne du cylindre (21) sous le piston (25) dans la position du point mort supérieur, alors que la contamination éventuelle se dissout dans le liquide chimico-technique;
    e) le liquide chimique-technique de l'étape d), qui contient une contamination dissoute, est conduit à partir de la partie interne du cylindre (21) sous le piston (25) dans la position du point mort supérieur par une ouverture de vidange d'huile moteur ou par des canaux dans le boîtier du cylindre (21) hors du cylindre (21) du moteur;
    tandis que le groupe des étapes c) d) et e) est au moins une fois répété de sorte que lors de la répétition de ces étapes, on utilise un liquide chimico-technique de pH opposé que le liquide chimico-technique utilisé sur le groupe d'étapes c), d), et e) précédent.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'utilisation du liquide chimico-technique, tout le temps des étapes c), d) et e) se situe dans la gamme de 1 à 200 minutes.
  3. Procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le liquide chimique-technique alcalin est une solution aqueuse de tensioactifs et d'alcools aliphatiques avec une teneur en hydroxyde de potassium et/ou en hydroxyde de sodium, avec le pH résultant dans la gamme de 11 à 14.
  4. Procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le liquide chimique-technique acide est une solution aqueuse d'un acide avec un pH compris dans la gamme de 1 à 5.
  5. Procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la température du liquide chimique-technique acide et/ou alcalin, qui se trouve à l'étape c), provenant du dispositif pour la performance du procédé de nettoyage des moteurs à combustion à travers le tube de pression (12, 13, 26) à travers l'adaptateur (20) vers l'espace interne du cylindre (21) du moteur à combustion, vers la partie située au-dessus du piston (25) à la position du point mort supérieur, se situe dans la gamme de 20 °C à 100 °C.
  6. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de nettoyage des moteurs à combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient au moins un circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique avec au moins une source du liquide chimique-technique avec une pression de travail de 0,1 à 2 MPa, qui est connecté mécaniquement, étanche à la pression, à travers un tube de pression (12, 13, 26) et un adaptateur (20) pour une connexion mécanique étanche à la pression à l'espace de combustion de la combustion moteur à travers le boîtier solide d'un cylindre (21).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que, entre le circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique et l'adaptateur (20), il existe sur le tube de pression (13) et dans l'ordre séquentiel: une seconde partie de la liaison de tube (11); une soupape de fermeture (14); un second récipient collecteur (15) muni d'un manomètre (16) de la pression de travail, d'une soupape de sécurité (17) et d'une soupape de respiration (18); et en outre une soupape de fermeture (19) en sortie du second récipient collecteur (15).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le second récipient collecteur (15) contient un élément chauffant (29) pour chauffer le liquide chimico-technique et un thermostat (30).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique muni d'un manomètre (31) comprend la source du liquide chimico-technique sous la forme d'un vase de stockage (28) liquide chimico-technique, et une pompe (27).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique contient dans l'ordre séquentiel sur le tube de pression (12): un récipient de stockage (2) avec le liquide chimico-technique et une soupape de fermeture de sortie (3); une soupape unidirectionnelle (4); un premier récipient collecteur (5) avec une soupape de respiration (6) et un manomètre (7) de pression de travail, auquel est raccordé, en tant que source de gaz comprimé, un récipient sous pression (24) avec un manomètre haute pression (22) et une soupape de réduction (23), tandis que le gaz comprimé est non-toxique, non-inflammable et non-explosif; une soupape unidirectionnelle (8); un manomètre (9) de pression de travail et une soupape de fermeture (10) avec une première partie de la liaison de tube (11).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient deux ou plusieurs circuits pneumatiques-hydrauliques ou hydrauliques, tandis que le récipient sous pression (24) avec le manomètre haute pression (22) est commun pour tous les circuits pneumatiques-hydrauliques présents dans l'appareil et lorsque le récipient sous pression (24) est relié à chaque circuit pneumatique-hydraulique individuel à l'aide de la soupape de réduction (23), qui est inclu dans chaque circuit pneumatique-hydraulique individuel du dispositif et/ou peut être commun pour deux ou plusieurs circuits pneumatiques hydrauliques.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le circuit pneumatique-hydraulique ou hydraulique est assis mécaniquement à l'intérieur d'une boîte (1) d'un matériau résistant.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que, dans une seule boîte (1), il y a deux ou plusieurs circuits pneumatiques ou hydrauliques assis mécaniquement.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le liquide chimique-technique alcalin est une solution aqueuse de tensioactifs et d'alcools aliphatiques ayant une teneur en hydroxyde de potassium et/ou hydroxyde de sodium, avec le pH résultant dans la gamme de 11 à 14.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le liquide chimique-technique acide est une solution aqueuse d'acide ayant une valeur de pH dans la gamme de 1 à 5.
EP16466009.4A 2015-05-28 2016-05-26 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage de moteurs à combustion Not-in-force EP3109432B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16466009T PL3109432T3 (pl) 2015-05-28 2016-05-26 Urządzenie i sposób czyszczenia silników spalinowych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2015-357A CZ306082B6 (cs) 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Zařízení pro provádění způsobu a způsob čištění spalovacích motorů

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EP3109432A1 EP3109432A1 (fr) 2016-12-28
EP3109432B1 true EP3109432B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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EP (1) EP3109432B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ306082B6 (fr)
PL (1) PL3109432T3 (fr)

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US2201774A (en) * 1938-12-02 1940-05-21 Albert Wehmeier Apparatus for removing carbon and other deposits from internal combustion engines
US2281695A (en) * 1939-03-21 1942-05-05 Lubri Zol Corp Gum and carbon removal
DE849318C (de) * 1943-02-03 1952-09-15 Vacuum Oel Ag Deutsche Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Brennkraftmaschinen
US2651887A (en) * 1950-10-18 1953-09-15 Kent Moore Organization Inc Process of and apparatus for removing carbon from the interior walls of combustion chambers
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DE102010039696A1 (de) * 2010-08-24 2012-03-01 Tunap Industrie Chemie Gmbh & Co. Produktions Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von verkokten Hohlräumen insbesondere von Einlasskanälen und Ventilen eines Verbrennungsmotors
CN102363739A (zh) * 2010-12-14 2012-02-29 深圳车仆汽车用品发展有限公司 一种燃烧室、火花塞积炭清除剂及其制备方法

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CZ2015357A3 (cs) 2016-07-27
CZ306082B6 (cs) 2016-07-27
PL3109432T3 (pl) 2018-06-29
EP3109432A1 (fr) 2016-12-28

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