EP3091328B1 - Projectile avec charge explosive comprenant des volumes predefinis et forme exterieure predefinie - Google Patents

Projectile avec charge explosive comprenant des volumes predefinis et forme exterieure predefinie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3091328B1
EP3091328B1 EP16000974.2A EP16000974A EP3091328B1 EP 3091328 B1 EP3091328 B1 EP 3091328B1 EP 16000974 A EP16000974 A EP 16000974A EP 3091328 B1 EP3091328 B1 EP 3091328B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segments
explosive
projectile
explosive charge
segment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP16000974.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3091328A1 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Glauben
Wolfgang Koch
Christian Maurer
Hermann-Josef Schroth
Hans-Rainer Graf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3091328A1 publication Critical patent/EP3091328A1/fr
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Revoked legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/207—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by the explosive material or the construction of the high explosive warhead, e.g. insensitive ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/02—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive adapted to be united into assemblies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile with an explosive charge with a given volume and predetermined external shape
  • projectiles are generally filled with explosive charges.
  • the explosive effect of a projectile essentially depends on the size of the explosive charge received in the projectile and thus on the projectile size. From the GB 2 179 124 A , of the US 5,959,237 A. , of the DE 26 56 310 A1 and from the US Pat. No. 1,670,689 A Various explosive charges are known.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • an explosive charge having a predetermined volume and a predetermined outer shape is to be provided, in which the quantity of explosive received in the explosive charge can be adjusted in a simple manner.
  • a projectile receiving such an explosive charge should be provided.
  • the explosive charge of the projectile according to the invention is formed from a predetermined number of interconnected preformed segments, each of which is either an explosive containing explosive segment or an inert segment containing no explosive, at least one segment being an explosive segment such that the amount of explosive received in the explosive is adjustable depending on the number of explosive segments.
  • segments are already referred to as being connected to one another when they lie against one another in a predetermined arrangement.
  • the segments are preferably preformed as compacts by means of a pressing process.
  • the segments are advantageously designed rotationally symmetrical. Even when connecting the preformed segments advantageously a rotationally symmetrical shape is formed.
  • an explosive charge of predetermined size and outer shape may be provided for inclusion in a projectile casing. In this case, any ratio of length and diameter of the explosive charge can be achieved.
  • the number of inert segments, which are provided instead of explosive segments in the explosive charge the amount of explosives received in the explosive charge can be gradually reduced. Accordingly, the explosive effect of the explosive charge can be gradually reduced.
  • each segment has a given volume and a given outer shape, regardless of whether it is designed as an explosive segment or as an inert segment.
  • the explosive segments preferably contain a nitramine explosive, in particular hexogen.
  • the inert segments preferably have the same density as the explosive segments.
  • the inert segments may contain common salt, sugar and / or powdered sugar.
  • the segments are preferably pressed from a loose bed. The pressing process is preferably carried out in vacuo. The pressed segments therefore have no air pockets.
  • the segments have a cylindrical and / or conical shape.
  • the conical segments can as Truncated cone be configured.
  • the conical segments may also comprise a frusto-conical section which merges into a cylindrical section on one or both sides.
  • Such segments can be produced in a pressing process easier than purely frustoconical segments.
  • the segments are connected to each other at the base or top surface.
  • the interconnected segments form a rotationally symmetrical shape which has a cylindrical portion and a tapered portion at least towards one end.
  • the tapered portion may be conical, in particular frustoconical, configured.
  • the tapered portion is preferably formed by at least two conical segments.
  • the at least two conical explosive segments preferably have the same cone ratio.
  • the cylindrical portion is preferably formed by at least two cylindrical explosive segments.
  • the at least two cylindrical explosive segments preferably have a same cylinder radius.
  • At least two segments have an equal volume.
  • the at least two segments may have a same outer shape.
  • two cylindrical segments may have the same volume and the same external shape.
  • all segments can also be designed so that they each have the same volume. In this case, the amount of explosives received in the explosive charge depends exclusively on the number of segments designed as explosive segments.
  • At least two segments each have a different volume and a different outer shape.
  • at least two frusto-conical segments may have a different volume and a different external shape. If an inert segment is provided instead of a small volume explosive segment, the amount of explosive received in the explosive charge will be reduced to a lesser extent than if an inert segment is provided instead of a high volume explosive segment. The amount of explosive received in the explosive can thus be adjusted, depending on the number of explosive segments as well as the selection by which segments this number of explosive segments is provided.
  • the explosive charge may further comprise a centering device arranged on the connected segments for centering the connected segments in the projectile casing.
  • a centering device ensures that the explosive charge can be accommodated in the projectile casing such that the explosive charge is uniformly surrounded by the projectile casing.
  • the projectile casing is advantageously spaced from the segments with a uniform spacing in the circumferential direction.
  • the centering device may have Zentrierhebonne.
  • the centering device has three to eight Zentrierhebonne. Particularly preferred are three Zentrierhebonne.
  • the centering device further comprises a connecting part.
  • the connecting part may in particular be frusto-conical or cylindrical.
  • the Zentrierhebungen are preferably arranged on a lateral surface of the connecting part.
  • the Zentrierhebungen are preferably arranged at equal intervals.
  • the Zentrierhebened each extend along generatrices of the frusto-conical or cylindrical connecting part.
  • the Zentrierhebonne fulfill the function of spacers. Due to the Zentrierhebache an annular gap between the segments and the projectile casing is specified.
  • the centering device is preferably arranged at a free end of the tapered portion.
  • the centering device can also be arranged between two segments.
  • the centering device may belong to the tapering section or the cylindrical section.
  • the centering device In the event that the centering device is arranged at a free end of the tapered portion or in the tapered portion between two segments, the centering device preferably has a frusto-conical connecting part.
  • the frusto-conical connecting part and the tapering section preferably have the same conical ratio.
  • the centering device preferably has a cylindrical connecting part.
  • the cylindrical connecting part and the cylindrical portion preferably have a same cylinder radius.
  • a centering device can be arranged at the free end of the tapering section and a further centering device between two segments.
  • the further centering device can be arranged between two conical segments, between a conical and a cylindrical segment or between two cylindrical segments.
  • the centering devices may have circumferentially staggered centering elevations in the circumferential direction.
  • the centering device or the centering devices can be attached by means of a tongue and groove connection or bung and / or by means of a bond to at least one adjacent segment.
  • the centering device may be made of a thermoplastic material.
  • the thermoplastic is preferably polyoxymethylene (POM).
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • the centering device can be in one piece, z. B. as an injection molded part, are produced.
  • the connecting part and the Zentrierhebungen can be made individually and glued together by means of an adhesive.
  • the adhesive can be an epoxy resin or a two-component system of epoxy resin and hardener.
  • the adhesive may contain, for example, Kleiberit. Centering elevations produced independently of the connecting part can also be formed from a thermoplastic plastic, in particular from polyoxymethylene (POM). However, you can also from another material, eg. B. metal, be formed.
  • the explosive charge further comprises a shrink tube surrounding the segments.
  • the shrink tubing preferably covers the entire lateral surface of the cylindrical and the tapered portion, ie, the lateral surfaces of all segments.
  • the shrink tubing at least partially cover at least a free end of the tapered and / or cylindrical portion.
  • the shrink tubing may at least partially cover the connecting part of the centering device.
  • the Zentrierhebonne are not covered by the shrink tubing.
  • the shrink tubing provides mechanical protection for the explosive charge. He holds the segments together and stabilizes the structure of the explosive charge.
  • the shrink tube protects the segments a contact with oxygen. Upon contact of the explosive contained in the explosive segments with oxygen, the explosive could ignite. In particular, it could lead to an undesired detonation of the explosive. The shrink tube thus prevents unwanted ignition and detonation of the explosive.
  • the explosive charge on at least one of the shrink film not covered area a seal by an adhesive layer.
  • An adhesive layer may be provided on the front side on at least one free end of the cylindrical and / or at least one tapered section of the explosive charge.
  • the adhesive layer may be provided on the end face of the explosive charge opposite the centering device. The adhesive layer protects the explosive charge from contact with oxygen and thereby prevents the risk of undesired ignition or detonation of the explosive.
  • the segments are glued together by at least one bond.
  • adjacent segments are each glued together by gluing.
  • the bonding of the segments causes a particularly good connection of the segments with each other.
  • a retention of air between the segments can be prevented.
  • contact of the explosive segments with oxygen and the associated danger of undesired ignition or detonation of the explosive can be prevented.
  • the centering device and at least one adjacent segment form a positive connection according to the principle of a tongue and groove connection or bung.
  • stepped transitions between the individual segments or between the centering device and the at least one adjacent segment can be prevented.
  • the bonding of the segments to one another and / or the adhesive layer is formed from an epoxy resin.
  • the epoxy resin may be cured in a two component system with a hardener.
  • the bonding of the segments to one another and / or the adhesive layer can take place for example by means of Kleiberit.
  • the explosive charge has a length between 30 and 100 cm.
  • the explosive charge has a length between 45 and 80 cm.
  • the projectile comprises a projectile casing as well as an explosive charge according to the invention with a potting compound in the projectile casing.
  • the projectile may be a grenade, in particular a grenade of the Vulcano type.
  • the explosive charge according to the invention can form the main charge for the 155 mm and 127 mm Vulcano sub-caliber variants.
  • the potting compound may be a casting resin or an adhesive. By providing the centering ensures that the potting compound evenly surrounds the explosive charge.
  • the potting compound advantageously forms a layer surrounding the explosive charge with a constant thickness in the circumferential direction.
  • formation of air pockets can be prevented thanks to the even distribution of the potting compound around the explosive charge.
  • uniform distribution of the potting compound favors the fragmentation of the projectile shell in the target.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a first explosive charge 1.
  • the first explosive charge 1 comprises exactly a tapered portion 2 and a cylindrical portion 3.
  • the tapered portion 2 forms the rear part of the explosive charge 1 and is conical.
  • the first explosive charge 1 is designed for use in a steered grenade comprising a steering unit.
  • the steering unit (not shown) is arranged on a side facing the tapered portion 2 front of the cylindrical portion 3.
  • the first explosive charge 1 is constructed from individual rotationally symmetric segments.
  • explosive segments 4a, 4b, 4c and inert segments 5a, 5b are alternately provided.
  • the arrangement of explosive segments and inert segments can be arbitrary. In particular, several explosive segments or multiple inert segments can follow one another directly.
  • the explosive segments 4a, 4b, 4c are compacts which consist of 90 to 94% by weight of hexogen and 6 to 10% by weight of additives.
  • the explosive segments 4a, 4b, 4c can be produced from the explosive DPX-1 type II from Chemring Nobel AS.
  • the inert segments 5a, 5b preferably have the same density as the explosive segments 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • the inert segments 5a, 5b consist of a mixture with 38 to 42% by weight of sodium chloride, 23 to 27% by weight of sugar, 24 to 28% by weight of powdered sugar and 7 to 11% by weight of additives.
  • the inert segments 5a, 5b can be produced from the inert material DPX-1 type II from Chemring Nobel AS.
  • the segments 4a, 5a arranged in the tapered section 2 are conical and the segments 4b, 5b, 4c arranged in the cylindrical section 3 are of cylindrical design.
  • the first explosive charge 1 contains only 62% of its explosive compared to an explosive charge of the same volume, the same mass and the same outer shape provided with explosive segments instead of the inert segments 5a, 5b. Accordingly, the first explosive charge 1 only about three-fifths of the explosive effect of such an explosive charge.
  • the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c have centering bulges 6.
  • the Zentri Lucassbuchtitch 6 are located in the region of a longitudinal axis of the explosive charge 1. Corresponding to the Zentrierausbuchtitch 6 are Zentriereinbuchtitch provided.
  • the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c are connected to one another in a form-fitting manner by means of the centering indentations 6 and the corresponding centering indentations in each case according to the principle of a bung.
  • a centering device 7 is arranged at the rear end of the designed as a tapered portion 2 rear part of the first explosive charge 1.
  • the centering device 7 is designed substantially conical and connected to the rearmost segment 4a.
  • the rearmost segment 4a is configured in the example of the first explosive charge 1 as an explosive segment. In other embodiments, the rearmost segment 4a may be an inert segment.
  • the centering recess 6 provided on the rearmost segment 4a engages in a form-locking manner in a centering recess provided on the centering device 7 in accordance with the principle of a bung.
  • the centering device 7 consists of a connecting part 7a and three Zentrierhebonne 7b.
  • the three Zentrierhebened 7b are each offset by 120 ° to each other (see also Fig. 3 ).
  • the connecting part 7a and the Zentrierhebened 7b are each made of a thermoplastic material, in particular polyoxymethylene (POM) formed.
  • the Zentrierhebened 7b are glued with an adhesive to the connecting part 7a. Kleiberit can be used as an adhesive.
  • the successive segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c are each glued together by means of a bond 8.
  • the centering device 7 is glued to the rearmost segment 4a by means of a bond 8.
  • the bonds 8 are formed of an epoxy resin.
  • the epoxy resin has been cured with a hardener. To produce the bonds 8 Kleiberit example is used.
  • the shrink tube 9 extends from the foremost cylindrical segment 4c to the centering device 7 and covers the lateral surfaces of the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c completely so that no air can reach the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c ,
  • the shrink tube 9 additionally surrounds a part of the lateral surface of the connecting part 7a.
  • the Zentrierhebonne 7b are not covered by the shrink tube 9.
  • An adhesive layer 10 is additionally provided on a free base surface of the foremost segment 4c on the front side of the first explosive charge 1 opposite the centering device 7. Part of this area can also be used by Be covered by heat shrink tubing 9.
  • the foremost segment 4c in the example of the first explosive charge 1 is a cylindrical explosive segment. In other embodiments, however, it may be a conical segment and / or an inert segment.
  • the centering device 7, the shrink tube 9 and the adhesive layer 10 surround the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c completely, so that no air can reach the segments 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 4c.
  • the adhesive layer 10 is formed of an epoxy resin. The epoxy resin has been cured with a hardener. Kleiberite is used, for example, to produce the adhesive layer.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second explosive charge 11.
  • the second explosive charge 11 substantially corresponds to the first explosive charge 1. In the following, the differences between the second 11 and the first explosive charge 1 are shown.
  • the second explosive charge 11 has, starting from a cylindrical portion 3 on both sides in each case a tapered portion.
  • the additionally provided in comparison to the first explosive charge 1 tapered portion forms the front part of the second explosive charge 11.
  • the second explosive charge 11 is thus designed for use in an unguided grenade, which does not include a steering unit.
  • the second explosive charge 11 has a block-wise arrangement of three successive inert segments 15a, 15b, 15c and three successive explosive segments 14a, 14b, 14c.
  • the inert segments 15a, 15b, 15c viewed from a rear side of the second explosive charge 11, are two conical segments and a cylindrical segment.
  • the explosive segments 14a, 14b, 14c are connected thereto in the form of two cylindrical segments and a conical, in particular frusto-conical, segment forming the front part of the second explosive charge 11.
  • the centering device 17 of the second explosive charge 11 is designed in one piece with a substantially conical shape. It is manufactured as an injection molded part from a thermoplastic material, in particular from polyoxymethylene (POM). Three Zentrierhebept 17b protrude from the lateral surface of the centering device 17 to the outside. The three Zentrierhebened 17b are each offset by 120 ° to each other (see also Fig. 3 ).
  • the second explosive charge 11 is surrounded by a shrink tube 9.
  • the shrink tubing is in Fig. 2 not shown. It extends from the front part of the second explosive charge 11 formed by the foremost conical segment 14c to the centering device 17 and completely covers the lateral surfaces of the segments 15a, 15b, 15c, 14a, 14b, 14c and part of the lateral surface of the centering device 17.
  • the Zentrierhebonne 17b not covered by the shrink tube 9.
  • the adhesive layer 10 already described above is additionally provided on a free base surface of the frontmost segment 14c forming the front part. A part of this base can also be covered by the shrink tube 9.
  • the centering device 17, the shrink tube 9 and the adhesive layer 10 completely surround the segments 15a, 15b, 15c, 14a, 14b, 14c, so that no air can reach the segments 15a, 15b, 15c, 14a, 14b, 14c.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a projectile 21 with it incorporated explosive charge.
  • the projectile 21 may be a grenade, in particular a grenade of the Vulcano type.
  • the projectile 21 has a projectile casing 22.
  • the explosive charge, z. B. the second explosive charge 11 was added.
  • the in Fig. 3 illustrated cross section extends through the second explosive charge 11 in the region of the centering device 17.
  • the centering device 17 of the second explosive charge 11 is integrally formed as an injection molded part of polyoxymethylene (POM).
  • Three Zentrierhebonne 17b are each offset by 120 ° to each other on the lateral surface of the centering device 17 is provided.
  • Between the second explosive charge 11 and the projectile casing 22 remains a gap, which is filled with a potting compound 23, in particular with casting resin.
  • the shrink tube 9 can cover a smooth surface without any risk of air inclusions by unevenness. So it can be one caused by unwanted oxygen contact ignition or detonation of the explosive can be prevented.
  • the centering elevations 7b, 17b fulfill the function of spacers with respect to the projectile casing 22.
  • the centering device 7, 17 centers the explosive charge 1, 11 in the projectile casing 22.
  • the centering devices 7, 17 it is ensured that the potting compound 23 the explosive charge 1, 11th evenly surrounds.
  • the potting compound 23 forms a layer surrounding the explosive charge 1, 11 with a constant thickness in the circumferential direction.
  • a formation of air pockets thanks to the uniform distribution of the potting compound 23 around the explosive charge 1, 11 around can be prevented.
  • the uniform distribution of the potting compound 23 favors the fragmentation of the projectile casing 22 in the target.
  • inert segments 5a, 5b, 15a, 15b, 15c instead of explosive segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 14a, 14b, 14c, the explosive effect of a given projectile 21 can be reduced.
  • Projectiles 21 of different lengths can be provided with explosive charges 1, 11 formed from the same individual parts. Explosive charges 1, 11 for the steered variant and for the unguided variant of a projectile 21 can be constructed largely from the same segments.

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Claims (10)

  1. Projectile (21), comprenant une chemise de projectile (22) ainsi qu'une charge explosive (1, 11) d'un volume prédéfini et une forme extérieure prédéfinie enrobée dans la chemise de projectile (22) avec une masse de scellement (23), formée d'un nombre prédéfini de segments préformés reliés entre eux, lesquels sont respectivement soit un segment de substance explosive (4a, 4b, 4c, 14a, 14b, 14c) contenant une substance explosive, soit un segment inerte (5a, 5b, 15a, 15b, 15c) ne contant pas de substance explosive,
    au moins un segment étant un segment de substance explosive (4a, 4b, 4c, 14a, 14b, 14c), de sorte que la quantité de la substance explosive accueillie dans la charge explosive peut être réglée en fonction du nombre de segments de substance explosive (4a, 4b, 4c, 14a, 14b, 14c).
  2. Projectile (21) selon la revendication 1, les segments présentant une forme cylindrique et/ou conique.
  3. Projectile (21) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    au moins deux segments présentant un volume identique.
  4. Projectile (21) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, au moins deux segments présentant respectivement un volume différent et une forme extérieure différente.
  5. Projectile (21) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la charge explosive comprenant en outre un manchon rétractable (9) entourant les segments.
  6. Projectile (21) selon la revendication 5, la charge explosive (1, 11) possédant un scellement par une couche de substance adhésive (10) en au moins une zone non recouverte par le film rétractable (9).
  7. Projectile (21) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, les segments étant collés entre eux par au moins un collage (8).
  8. Projectile (21) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, le collage (8) des segments entre eux et/ou la couche de substance adhésive (10) étant formés d'une résine époxy.
  9. Projectile (21) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, des segments voisins formant respectivement entre eux une liaison par complémentarité de formes selon le principe d'un assemblage par rainure et languette et/ou par tenon et mortaise.
  10. Projectile (21) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la charge explosive (1, 11) ayant une longueur comprise entre 30 et 100 cm.
EP16000974.2A 2015-05-08 2016-04-29 Projectile avec charge explosive comprenant des volumes predefinis et forme exterieure predefinie Revoked EP3091328B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015005980.7A DE102015005980A1 (de) 2015-05-08 2015-05-08 Sprengladung mit vogegebenem Volumen und vorgegebener äußerer Form sowie Geschoss

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3091328A1 EP3091328A1 (fr) 2016-11-09
EP3091328B1 true EP3091328B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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DE (1) DE102015005980A1 (fr)

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DE102019212401A1 (de) * 2019-08-20 2021-02-25 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zum Räumen eingesunkener Munition

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