Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
  • A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
  • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
  • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
  • A24D3/022—Applying additives to filter materials with liquid additives, e.g. application of plasticisers

Definitions

• the invention relates to cellulosic filaments, such as e.g. Rayon, for tobacco smoke filters, in particular cigarette filters, and a method for producing such cellulosic filaments for tobacco smoke filters.
• cellulosic filaments such as e.g. Rayon
• the technical acetate production is carried out essentially by reaction of pulp with acetic anhydride in acetic acid under sulfuric acid catalysis.
• the three partial steps, pre-activation of the pulp, complete acetylation to cellulose triacetate and partial hydrolysis (saponification) to the desired cellulose-2,5-acetate go through.
• the cellulose 2,5-acetate is dissolved in acetone and spun into long multifilament yarns by dry spinning.
• the diameter of the filaments is 30-50 microns. Very many threads (3000 to 35000) are brought together to form an endless band and this band is then crimped into stuffer boxes.
• the product is dried and is then ready to be presented in the next process step as a filter tow.
• the filter tow is placed in filter rod machines, wherein the filter tow is first stretched and then charged with an adhesive triggering additive. After forming a three-dimensional sliver, the filter tow is introduced by means of an inlet funnel in a format part, there transversely compressed axially, wrapped in paper and cut to the length of the filter rods.
• This conventional manufacturing method involves some problems and disadvantages, such as e.g. often insufficient pre-activation. This can lead to the formation of gel particles due to the different acetone solubility of the partially hydrolyzed cellulose-2,5-acetate.
• Another disadvantage is the use of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. In the case of too slow a reaction due to insufficient activation or use of too low molecular weight pulp, cellulose chain degradation may become critical. In addition, sulfuric acid ester groups in the cellulose also cause gel particles in the solution of cellulose 2,5-acetate and the thermal instability of the final product.
• NMMO N-methylmorpholine N-oxide
• ionic liquids ionic liquids
• phosphoric acid phosphoric acid
• porous rayon is used as a filter, which shows a correspondingly increased retention capacity for the pollutants contained in tobacco smoke.
• underivatized cellulose does not cut well due to poorer cure in the process. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain exactly round filter cross sections, which comply with the specified very tight tolerance limits.
• the tows of such cellulosic filaments thus obtained exhibit quite sufficient hardness during filter production so that the uniformity of the circular cross-sections of the filters is maintained even after cutting the tows.
• substantially non-acetylated those cellulosic filaments that have virtually no actetate groups, more preferably that the filaments have no acetate groups at all, and in particular no O-acetylation, and most preferably that all of the filaments are OH Groups are free within the chain.
• the preparation of the cellulosic filaments is therefore not limited to a particular method per se.
• the cellulosic filaments of the present invention may be prepared by both a direct dissolving process such as the NNMO process and by regenerating processes such as e.g. the viscose or rayon process are obtained.
• the rayon process is particularly preferred as the starting process for the claimed cellulosic filaments.
• the degree of polymerization of the oligomeric or low-polymer saccharides used is greater than about 20, preferably greater than about 50, and more preferably greater than about 100.
• saccharides is to be understood as meaning not only the substances which fall under the gross formula C n (H 2 O) m (often also carbohydrates in the narrower sense, that is to say hydrates of the carbon), but also Representatives of this class, which differ significantly from this gross formula and contain other functional groups and heteroatoms such as nitrogen or sulfur. Oligomeric or low-polymer representatives of saccharides with heteroatoms are also referred to below as “heterosaccharides”.
• oligomeric or low polymer saccharides during the spinning process of the rayon filaments causes their water solubility, preferably at room temperature or at temperatures between 20 and 35 ° C.
• xylans or xylene derivatives are known to those skilled in the art as the most important representatives of hemicelluloses or polyoses. Although the xylans are per se water-insoluble, the water solubility can be adjusted by appropriate adjustment of the degree of polymerization and by targeted influencing of the side groups of the xylan chains. In addition, for example, a high degree of acetylation of xylan is favorable for water solubility.
• starch or starch derivatives or also cellulose or cellulose derivatives are used as saccharides.
• Natural starch is hardly soluble in water.
• aqueous starch solutions are obtained, for example, with hot water, which solidify on cooling to a gel and form a starch paste.
• the production of wallpaper paste is also based on this principle.
• gelatinization in the case of the methylcellulose of the wallpaper pasteuriser already takes place with cold water. Measures for this purpose are known to the expert.
• the concentration of the saccharides is chosen so that they are present in the filaments between 5000 and 100,000 ppm, preferably between 10,000 and 50,000 ppm, based on the cellulosic filaments.
• This concentration is usually quite sufficient to achieve and maintain the desired properties in the resulting cigarette filter.
• increasing the hardness of the tow for example, rayon
• gelatinization the saccharides present in the cellulosic filaments.
• the effect of the gluing, or gelatinization of the saccharide-modified Cellulosic filaments can be achieved by moistening the correspondingly equipped cellulosic filaments in the process of filter production and then drying them again.
• the present invention is also directed to a process for producing substantially non-acetylated cellulosic filaments for tobacco smoke filters, in particular cigarette filters, wherein additives are added to the spinning solution in aqueous solution immediately before or during the spinning process, and wherein the additives are oligomeric or lower polymer saccharides.
• Rayon is particularly preferably treated as regenerated cellulose by means of these additives.
• the process for producing rayon is known per se. Usually, first of all, e.g. made of wood through a digestion process pulp, a fine-fiber mass consisting mainly of cellulose.
• the pulp obtained is first treated with 18 to 22% sodium hydroxide solution, whereupon the alkali cellulose (Na salt of cellulose) is formed.
• the alkali cellulose is then reacted with carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) to cellulose xanthate.
• CS 2 carbon disulfide
• the ripened spinning solution is forced through fine nozzles into a "precipitation bath” or “spin bath”, ie a solution of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and sulfates such as sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ).
• a precipitation bath ie a solution of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and sulfates such as sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ).
• the carbon disulfide molecules that are bound to the cellulose are split off again, resulting in the viscose filaments or rayon filaments, which consist of almost pure cellulose.
• the degree of polymerization of the saccharides is greater than about 20, preferably greater than about 50 and more preferably greater than about 100.
• heterosaccharides are preferably used and particularly preferably xylans or xylene derivatives.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (8)

• 2015
  • 2015-03-27 EP EP15161440.1A patent/EP3072405A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (8)

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