EP3067483B1 - Wall structure for a building system, in particular residential dwelling - Google Patents

Description

On the other hand, the invention relates to a ceiling structure according to the preamble of claim 10. Smaller buildings, such as residential buildings or holiday homes, can be constructed in many ways. Traditionally, residential buildings have been and are usually made with walls made of double-shell masonry or timber framework, with an insulation or air layer between the shells. There are also prefabricated houses are known in which the outer walls are initially made by the factory and then assembled on site with crane use to form a building structure. For larger buildings, the walls may also be formed of smaller modules, which are assembled only on the construction site to larger wall modules. In the construction of prefabricated houses, the wall panels often consist of concrete slabs, which are coupled to each other at the front. This results in butt joints that need to be laminated properly. Timber houses are also known prefabricated houses that directly use a skeletal structure, similar to a half-timbered house, which is made of supports, beams and bars that form the structure for the load-bearing of the ceiling, the roof and the wall panels. The skeleton fields are provided with fillings, windows and doors. It is also known to use finished wall elements as load-bearing elements. Such elements consist of a wooden frame with outer and inner plates, between which a skeleton is available for stiffening.

In prefabricated houses, however, there is always the desire to be able to produce the building system as much as possible in terms of factory and then keep the construction cost of the building on site then very small. As a rule, finished wall elements can be assembled with the aid of a crane within a few hours to form a complete building. However, the plate elements used are so large and heavy that they can only be handled with considerable mechanical effort, and a large number of workers are required to align, connect and rework the panel members. This work can only be carried out by specialized specialists, but not by a homeowner without suitable mechanical support. From the EP 12188775.6 B1 For example, a self-building building system incorporating a post-and-beam skeletal structure constructed on a floor slab, in which the skeleton panels are provided with typed filler panels, each containing an outer and inner deck slab and peripheral skirting, has been disclosed. The connection of the filler plates with the posts and bars is made by releasable special clamping fittings. While such a system can also be built by a builder in-house and also disassembled again, the required cost of materials is relatively high. In the BE 663 351 A is given a wall structure in which vertical posts are provided with cuts into which a hollow profile can be inserted. Applied to the post wall panels abut the legs of the hollow profile, wherein the wall panels are secured by a clamping profile, the central clamping element can be anchored in the hollow profile and thus secured the wall panels. This document discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

The DE 20 2006 018 691 U shows a clamping attachment of two wall panels to a post by means of a mushroom-shaped profile, the central web engages in a clamp on the post.

A similar system is in the FR 1 238 404 indicated in which engages the middle leg of a clamping rail in a slot of a post and secures by means of clamping action on the post wall panels to be fastened. The FR 2 271 361 A1 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 10.

The invention is therefore based on the object to simplify the wall structure for a building, in particular a residential building, which is formed from a collapsible skeletal structure, material to make cheaper and to facilitate the construction.

This object is achieved by the invention defined in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in subclaims.

The invention is based on an exterior and / or interior wall construction for a building system with a skeleton construction erected on a floor plate with vertical posts spaced in a standardized grid spacing, wherein adjacent posts are covered on both sides by cover plates.

In this case, the respective rectangular formed wooden posts are wall-outside and - provided inside in their longitudinal direction with cuts, in each of the surface of the post projecting guide rails are used. The two-sided cover plates have such a width that they are laterally adjacent to the side edges of the projecting from the post guide rails, the cover plates are fastened by screw or clamp attachment to the post.

The posts for such walls therefore have cuts on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the posts. Due to their small dimensions, these have no influence on the stability of the posts. The insertable into the incisions guide rails are preferably also made of wood as narrow wooden strips and are trapped in the incisions or glued with wood glue. If necessary, they can also be made of plastic. Two adjacently arranged posts have by the guide rails therefore projections, can be used between the cover plates, whose width corresponds to the clear width between the guide rails. Therefore, the plates adjoin each other on the respective guide rails and thus cover each about half of the posts. The cover plates are attached to the posts by screw or clamp attachment. So they can be easily solved again from the posts. Alternatively, they can also be nailed to the posts, for which in particular pneumatic nailers are suitable.

In this way, a building wall can already be essentially created. The use of the guide rails facilitates the construction of the wall considerably. If the posts are spaced apart in a standardized pitch, can This way, standardized cover plates are used, which are used and fixed without measuring work between two guide rails.

The depth of the guide rails is inventively dimensioned so that its outer edge still protrudes slightly in front of the cover plates. As a result, a counter battens can be applied in a simple manner to the connecting region of two adjacently arranged cover plates. This is also provided with a slot. The leading edge of the guide strips engages in the slot of the counter battens and thus offers a simple lateral guidance of the counter battens.

The counter battens serve on the outside as a mounting structure for a weatherproof outer lining of the wall. The outer wall cladding is attached to the counter line preferably by screwing.

Accordingly, on the inside wall of the outer wall also a counter battens can be applied, which as well as the counter battens in the outer wall has a longitudinal slot in which a protruding guide rail engages the post. On the inside counter battens can then apply plasterboard or similar wall coverings.

The outer wall cover plates are preferably designed as vapor-permeable wood-based panels (DWD). As outer wall cladding weatherproof plates, preferably Eternit plates are used. If desired, the outer wall cladding can also be made of resin composite panels or other weather-resistant panels.

The inside cover plates on the outer wall are preferably formed as OSB flat press plates.

The inner wall cladding of the outer walls preferably includes a substructure of solid timber slats, which are also covered with a Deckbeplankung.

The ceiling structure for a building system, in which the ceiling is formed of a grid construction with horizontally extending ceiling beams with standardized distance from each other, is designed so that at least the tops of the rectangular shaped ceiling joists each contain longitudinally extending cuts, in the from the surface of the ceiling joists projecting guide rails are used, wherein the upper-side cover plates have a width such that they each adjoin the side of the ceiling beams projecting guide rails. The top of such a ceiling structure thus corresponds substantially to the structure of one side of an outer or inner wall. The top guide rails used in the ceiling thus also serve here for easy guidance aufzulegender cover plates.

At the bottom of the ceiling structure, the same arrangement is used as on the top, with also guide rails are used at the bottom, and cover plates between each two guide rails of two adjacent ceiling beams used and fixed to the underside of the ceiling joists. A counter battens are fastened under the underside cover plates, to the underside of which a substructure, preferably as structural solid wood slats (KVH), is fastened. The top of the ceiling can also be provided with a substructure of structural timber slats. This design of the ceiling structure has the advantage that the top cover plates and the bottom cover plates may have the same size, so that on the one hand the standardization is simplified and on the other hand, the assembly cost is reduced. In this arrangement, it makes sense that a support is made by a second person during assembly of the bottom cover plates. To avoid this, it can be provided that at the lower inner edge of each ceiling joists each a support battens is attached, which is flush with the ceiling joists at the bottom. The support battens forms a support for sandwiched between the ceiling joists intermediate plates that can be easily placed on the support battens, they do not even need to be attached to it.

The height of the cover plates used on the walls corresponds essentially to the height of a building floor. However, it is also possible to divide the plate height into two parts which are put together. The connecting area between the individual plates is fastened to a latch of the skeleton construction of the building system, wherein the bars can also be provided with longitudinal slots and guide rails. Furthermore, deviating plate sizes can also be used for door and window installations.

The system according to the invention offers the possibility of using largely standardized plate sizes, wherein the same size can also be used as a ceiling plate. This considerably simplifies the construction of the walls and ceilings and is less error-prone. This benefits in particular a builder who wants to build a building in-house, or even the building craftsmen.

The standardized distance between the wall posts and ceiling beams also makes it possible to use standardized insulation layer moldings that do not require post-processing at the construction site.

• Fig. 1-6 horizontale Schnittzeichnungen in der Reihenfolge der Montage eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandaufbaus,
• Fig. 7 eine alternative, nicht erfindungsgemäße, Ausführung eines Wandaufbaus,
• Fig. 8-11 einen nicht erfindungsgemäßen Deckenaufbau für ein Gebäudesystem und
• Fig. 12 eine erfindungsgemässe Ausführung für einen Deckenaufbau.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment. Show it:

• Fig. 1-6 horizontal sectional drawings in the order of mounting a wall structure according to the invention,
• Fig. 7 an alternative, not according to the invention, embodiment of a wall structure,
• Fig. 8-11 a non-inventive ceiling structure for a building system and
• Fig. 12 an inventive embodiment for a ceiling construction.

The FIGS. 1-7 show a horizontal cross section through a wall structure in the order of assembly. According to Fig. 1 be placed at a distance of 62.5 cm on the building floor panel wall post 1, 2. With a wall length of 7.5 m, this results in 13 posts, which are placed at a uniform distance. At a different grid spacing, z. B. 1.25 m, correspondingly adjusted numerical ratios. The posts form the skeletal structure of the building, which is built in the manner of a half-timbered building. At low ceiling height of the building of z. B. 2.5 m, the posts can go through continuously from the bottom plate to the ceiling of a projectile. However, the panels can also be subdivided vertically by using ties at a suitable location, although at a panel height of 2.5 m this is not required. The connection between posts, bars, roof beams and other construction elements is preferably carried out via detachable screw fittings or couplings. The figures show only a section of a wall structure between two posts 1 and 2. The posts are made of laminated wood, in order to achieve a better torsional stiffness and to make the posts more cost effective.

On the wall outside and inside the posts 1 and 2 each have longitudinally extending cuts 3 and 4, in the guide strips 5 and 6 are used. With appropriate design of the guide rails they can be used in the incisions 3 and 4 by clamping, but they can also be glued in the incisions. The guide strips 5 and 6 are preferably made of wood material in the form of a narrow wooden strip or alternatively of suitable plastic material. It is not necessary for the guide rails to run the entire length of the posts. It is also possible to use a plurality of sections of guide strips arranged distributed along the length of the posts, which can even be arranged only at a point.

Fig. 2 shows the posts 1 and 2 with inserted guide rails 5 and 6. The guide rails protrude from the posts so far that between the guide rails of two adjacent posts each have a cover plate 7 can be used, the side edges directed against the legs of the guide rails 6 and 7 are. In the case of an outer wall, the outer wall cover plates are designed as vapor-permeable wood-based panels (DWD). They are preferably fastened by a plurality of screws to the respective posts 1, 2. Fig. 2 also shows that the guide rails 6 so far protrude from the post 1 that its outer edge still protrudes slightly in front of the cover plate 7.

Fig. 3 shows the next step, in which an insulation 9 is inserted between the posts 1 and 2, which requires no further processing as a shaped body. On the inside of an outer wall, a cover plate 8 is inserted between the guide strips 5, which is in particular designed as an OSB plate. Here too, the guide strip 5 projects beyond the cover plate 8.

Fig. 4 shows the next step, in which both wall outside and inside wall of the outer wall in each case a counter battens is placed, which is formed from counter battens 11, 12 and 13, 14, wherein the counter battens incisions 10 and 15, via the counter battens on the Guide rails 5 and 6 in the lateral direction immovably on the guide rails 5, 6 and the cover plates 7, 8 are placed. The counter battens 11-14 are also screwed or nailed to the posts 1, 2 fastened, wherein the attachment of the cover plates 7, 8 can take place without additional means simultaneously with the attachment of the counter battens 11-14.

The FIGS. 5 and 6 show the further structure of the outer wall. On the counter battens 11, 12 outside a Außenwandverkleidung 18 of weather-resistant plates, preferably Eternitplatten applied. These can be bolted to the counter battens 11, 12 or be connected to it via clamped connections. On the inside of the wall is mounted on the counter battens 13, 14 an unconstruction as Traglattung 16 for the wall covering. On the battens 16, the inner wall panel 17, z. As plasterboard or Hydropanel from the company Siniat, planked.

Fig. 7 shows a non-inventive alternative embodiment of the outside of the outer wall, in place of the counter battens 11, 12 and the outer wall panel 18 according to Fig. 6 on the cover plate 7, a plaster base plate 40 is applied, which may be outside with an outer wall lining 41 weatherproof materials such as Eternit plates, planked.

The FIGS. 8-11 show vertical sectional views through a non-inventive ceiling structure. The ceiling beams 19, 20 are also formed as glue wood beams. The ceiling beams are in a grid spacing of z. B. 62.5 cm apart. On the lower inner side of the ceiling beams 19, 20 support slats 22, 23 are attached. At the top of the ceiling joists cuts 21 are arranged. In an embodiment according to Fig. 9 On the support slats 23, 24 an intermediate plate 25 is placed, which is designed as OSB plate. According to Fig. 10 an insert of a sealing material 32 is placed on the intermediate plate 25. In the cuts 21 guide rails 26 and 27 are used. Between two adjacent guide rails 26 and 27, an upper-side cover plate 28 can then be inserted. This also consists of OSB. The underside of the floor joists and the support battens is still provided with a vapor barrier 29. The lower layer receives the ceiling according to Fig. 10 a KVH substructure as Traglattung 30 for the lower ceiling panel 31st

As according to Fig. 11 the cover plate 28 may already form the top of the ceiling structure, in this case, the guide rails 26, 27 do not protrude beyond the cover plate 28. At the bottom of the ceiling, the ceiling trim 31, z. B. as gypsum board or Hydropanel from Siniat be formed.

Fig. 12 shows an inventive embodiment of the ceiling, in which also contain the undersides of the ceiling joists 33 and 34 guide rails 35 and 36, between which a cover plate 37 is used. Below a battens 38 is attached to the underside of the ceiling panel 39 is attached. The construction of the underside of the ceiling therefore essentially corresponds to the inner wall attachment of a side wall. As the material of the cover plates, different materials can be used, such as wood sandwich panels, hardboard, gypsum boards, which are available to the skilled person when needed. The introduction of sanitary pipes and electrical cables in the walls and ceilings of the building is done in a known manner. The wall and ceiling construction according to the invention allows that the building structure can be easily performed by a client himself, the elements used are required by their standardization only in a few variants and only a few design work is necessary. This avoids the error-prone and simplifies the structure even by untrained forces. <B> reference numerals </ b> 1 post 22 support bar 2 post 23 support bar 3 incision 24 support bar 4 incision 25 Intermediate plate (OSB) 5 guide rail 26 guide rail 6 guide rail 27 guide rail 7 Cover plate (DWD) 28 Cover plate (OSB) 8th Cover plate (OSB) 29 vapor barrier 9 insulation 30 battens 10 incision 31 ceiling panel 11 counter batten 32 insulation 12 counter batten 33 ceiling beams 13 counter batten 34 ceiling beams 14 counter batten 35 guide rail 15 incision 36 guide rail 16 battens 37 cover 17 Interior wall paneling 38 battens 18 Wall cladding 39 ceiling panel 19 ceiling beams 40 Plaster baseboard 20 ceiling beams 41 Wall cladding 21 incision

Claims (14)

1. External and/or internal wall construction for a building system, in particular a residential building, which is formed as a skeleton structure on a base plate having vertical posts (1, 2) and an insulation layer placed between adjacent posts, the posts (1, 2) being spaced apart in standardised grid dimensions and being arranged between the floor and the ceiling of a storey of a building, the external and/or internal wall construction comprising adjacent posts that are covered on either side by cover panels (7, 8), the posts (1, 2) that are rectangular in each case comprising recesses (3, 4) that extend in the longitudinal direction of the posts (1, 2) on the outside and inside of the wall, into each of which recesses guide gibs (5, 6) projecting from the surface of the posts (1, 2) are inserted, the cover panels (7, 8) on either side being of such a width that they each laterally abut the sides of the guide gibs (5, 6) that project from the posts (1, 2), and the cover panels (7, 8) being fastened to the posts (1, 2) by a screw fastening or clamping fastening, the region where two adjacent cover panels (7, 8) connect being covered by counterbattens (11-14), slots being made in the longitudinal direction of the counterbattens (11-14), characterised in that the guide gibs (5, 6) projecting from the posts (1, 2) and protruding beyond the wall panels engage in the slots.
2. External wall construction according to claim 1, characterised in that water-resistant external wall cladding (18) is attached to the counterbattens on the outside of the wall.
3. External wall construction according to claim 1, characterised in that internal wall cladding (17) is attached to the counterbattens on the inside of the wall.
4. External wall construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the cover panels (7) on the outside of the wall are formed as diffusion-permitting wood-based panels (DWD).
5. External wall construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the cover panels (8) on the inside of the wall are formed as OSB flat-pressed board.
6. External wall construction according to claim 2, characterised in that the external wall cladding (18) is made of weather-resistant panels, in particular fibre cement panels.
7. External wall construction according to claim 3, characterised in that the internal wall cladding (17) is formed on a substructure made of solid structural timber slats (KVH) (16).
8. Internal wall construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the cover panels on either side of the internal wall are formed as OSB flat-pressed board.
9. Internal wall construction according to claim 8, characterised in that the cover panels on either side of the internal wall are provided with solid structural timber slats (KVH) (16) by means of counterbattens (11-14).
10. Ceiling construction for a building system, in which the ceiling comprises a grid structure made up of horizontally extending ceiling joists (19, 20) at a standardised spacing from one another, adjacent ceiling beams being overlaid with cover panels (28) and an insulation layer being placed between the ceiling joists (19, 20), the ceiling construction comprising rectangular ceiling beams and the upper sides of the ceiling joists (19, 20) each comprising recesses (21) extending in the longitudinal direction, into which recesses guide gibs (26, 27) projecting from the upper side of the ceiling joists (19, 20) are inserted, and the cover panels (28) on the upper side being of such a width that they each laterally abut the guide gibs (26, 27) projecting from the ceiling joists (19, 20), characterised in that the lower sides of the ceiling joists (19, 20) each comprise recesses (21) extending in the longitudinal direction, into which guide gibs (35, 36) projecting from the lower side of the ceiling joists (33, 34) are inserted, and in that the cover panels (37) on the lower side are of such a width that they each laterally abut the guide gibs (35, 36) projecting from the ceiling joists (33, 34).
11. Ceiling construction according to claim 10, characterised in that the lateral longitudinal legs of the ceiling joists (19, 20) each have supporting battens (22-24) on the lower edge, and in that an intermediate panel (25) can be placed on the supporting battens of adjacent ceiling joists in each case.
12. Ceiling construction according to claim 11, characterised in that the cover panels (28) on the upper and lower sides are formed as OSB panels.
13. Ceiling construction according to claim 11, characterised in that the intermediate panels (25) are formed as OSB panels.
14. Ceiling construction according to claim 10, characterised in that the underneath of the ceiling is overlaid with solid structural timber slats (KVH), to which the ceiling covering is fastened.

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