AU2016231373A1

AU2016231373A1 - Wall structure and ceiling structure for a building system, in particular a residential building

Info

Publication number: AU2016231373A1
Application number: AU2016231373A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Andre Ter Huurne
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-03-10
Filing date: 2016-03-02
Publication date: 2017-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-02
Also published as: AU2016231373B2; EP3067483B1; NZ735241A; WO2016142248A1; EP3067483A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an exterior and/or interior wall structure for a building system, in particular a residential building, which is formed as a skeleton structure on a base plate with vertical uprights (1, 2) and an insulating layer inserted between adjacent uprights, wherein the uprights (1, 2) are spaced in a standardized grid spacing and are arranged between the floor and ceiling of a building storey, wherein adjacently arranged uprights are covered on both sides by cover plates (7, 8). According to the invention, the respective rectangular uprights (1, 2) have notches (3, 4) on the wall exterior and interior sides and extending in the longitudinal direction of the uprights (1, 2), into which notches respective guide strips (5, 6) protruding from the surface of the uprights (1, 2) are insertable, and the cover plates (7, 8) on both sides have a width such that they laterally abut the side flanks of the guide strips (5, 6) protruding from the respective uprights (1, 2), wherein the cover plates (7, 8) are fastened on the uprights (1, 2) by screwing or clamping fastening.

Description

Wall structure and ceiling structure for a building system, in particular a residential building

The invention relates to a wall structure for a building system, in particular a residential building, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Smaller buildings, such as residential buildings or vacation homes, can be constructed in any of a number of ways. Traditionally, residential buildings were and are generally constructed of cavity walls or timber framing, with an insulation or air layer being disposed in the spaces.

Prefabricated houses are also known in which the outer walls are first manufactured in the plant and then assembled into a building structure at the construction site with the use of cranes. In larger buildings, the walls can also be made of smaller modules that are only assembled into larger wall modules at the construction site. In prefabricated houses, the wall plates are often made of concrete slabs that are coupled together on the front side. This results in butt joints that must be appropriately covered.

In timber construction, prefabricated houses are also known which directly use a skeleton structure similar to that of a half-timbered house that is composed of studs, girders, and beams, which form the supporting structure that will bear the load of the ceilings, roof, and wall elements. The spaces in the structure are provided with fillings, windows, and doors. The use of ready-to-use wall elements as bearing elements is also known. Such elements consist of a wood frame with exterior and interior plates between which a skeleton structure is present to provide rigidity.

In the prefabricated house industry, there is always the desire to enable the building system to be produced in the plant as much as possible and thereby maintain the costs of the erection of the building on site very low. Generally, finished wall elements can be assembled into a complete building within a few hours with the aid of a crane. However, 1 the panel elements that are used are so large and heavy that they can only be handled with substantial mechanical effort, and a large amount of manpower is necessary in order to align, join, and finish the panel elements. This work can be performed only by qualified specialists, and certainly not by a homeowner without suitable mechanical support. A building system for do-it-yourself construction is known from EP 12188775.6 B1 which includes a skeleton structure composed of uprights and beams erected on a base, with the spaces in the structure being provided with standardized filling panels, each of which contains an outer and inner cover plate and circumferential edge strips. The filling panels are joined to the uprights and beams by means of special detachable clamping mounts. While such a system can also be erected and disassembled by a builder-owner, the cost of the materials required is relatively high. BE 663 351 A describes a wall structure in which vertical posts are provided with notches into which a hollow profile can be inserted. Wall panels that are mounted on the uprights abut the legs of the hollow profile. It being possible for the wall panels to be fastened by means of a clamping profile whose central clamping element can be anchored in the hollow profile, thereby fixing the wall panels. DE 20 2006 018 691 U describes the clamped fastening of two wall panels to an upright by means of a mushroom-like profile whose center stem engages in a clamping mount on the upright. A similar system is described in FR 1 238 404, in which the middle leg of a clamping rail engages in a slot of an upright and secures the wall panels to be fastened to the upright by means of a clamping effect.

It is therefore the object of the invention to simplify the wall structure for a building, particularly a residential building, that is constructed using a demountable skeleton structure, to render it more economical in terms of materials required, and to facilitate 2 erection thereof.

This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are indicated in subclaims.

The invention starts from an outer and/or inner wall structure for a building system with a skeleton structure erected on a base plate with vertical uprights that are spaced apart in a standardized grid spacing, with the adjacent uprights being covered on both sides by cover panels.

The rectangular wooden uprights are provided on the outside and on the inside of the wall in their longitudinal direction with notches into which guide strips protruding from the surface of the uprights can be inserted. The width of the ambilateral cover panels is such that they are each adjacent laterally to the side flanks of the guide strips protruding from the uprights, with the cover panels being attached to the uprights by screwing or clamping.

The uprights for such walls therefore have notches extending on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the uprights. Due to their small dimensions, these have no impact on the stability of the uprights. The guide strips that can be inserted into the notches are preferably also made of wood as narrow wooden strips and are wedged into the notches or glued in using wood glue. They can also be optionally made of plastic. Two adjacently arranged uprights therefore have projections through the guide strips between which cover panels can be inserted whose width corresponds to the clearance between the guide strips. The panels are thus adjacent to the respective guide strips on both sides and thus each cover about half of the uprights. The cover panels are fastened to the uprights by screwing or clamping. They can also be simply detached again from the uprights. Alternatively, they can also be nailed to the uprights, for which purpose nail guns are particularly suitable.

In this way, a building wall can already be essentially erected. The use of the guide 3 strips facilitates the construction of the wall substantially. If the uprights are spaced apart by a standardized modular dimension, standardized cover panels can thus also be used which can be inserted and fastened between two respective guide strips without measuring work.

According to the invention, the depth of the guide strips is dimensioned such that their outer edge projects somewhat in front of the cover panels. This enables the easy installation of a counter batten in the connection area of two adjacently arranged cover panels. The counter batten is also provided with a slot. The front edge of the guide strips engages in the slot of the counter batten and thus provides a simple lateral guide for the counter batten.

On the outside, the counter batten acts as a fastening structure for a weatherproof exterior facing of the wall. The exterior wall facing is preferably attached to the counter batten by screws.

Accordingly, a counter batten can also be disposed on the inner side of the outer wall which, like the counter batten in the outer wall, has a longitudinal slot in which a protruding guide strip engages from the upright. Sheets of drywall or similar wall coverings can then be installed on the interior counter batten.

The cover panels on the exterior wall are preferably embodied as vapor-permeable wood-based panels (DWD). Weatherproof panels, preferably Eternit panels, are used as the exterior wall facing. As desired, the exterior wall facing can also consist of resin composite panels or other weatherproof panels.

The inside cover panels on the outer wall are preferably embodied as oriented-strand boards (OSBs).

The interior wall facing of the outer walls preferably contains a substructure made of engineered timber boards for construction that are additionally provided with a veneer. 4

The ceiling structure for a building system of the claimed type, in which the ceiling is formed from a grid structure with horizontally extending ceiling beams with standardized spacing relative to one another, is designed in such a way that at least the upper sides of the rectangular ceiling beams each contain notches extending in the longitudinal direction into which the guide strips protruding from the surface of the ceiling beams can be inserted, with the width of the upper-side cover panels being such that they are each adjacent laterally to the respective guide strips protruding from the ceiling beams. The upper side of such a ceiling structure thus corresponds substantially to the construction of a side of an outer or inner wall. Here, too, the upper-side guide strips used in the ceiling thus also provide easy guidance for the cover panels to be installed.

The same configuration can be used on the lower side of the ceiling structure as on the upper side, with guide strips also being used on the lower side, and with cover panels being inserted between two respective guide strips of two adjacent ceiling beams and fastened to the underside of the ceiling beams. A counter batten is fastened beneath the lower-side cover panels on whose underside a substructure is fastened, preferably as engineered timber boards for construction (KVH). The upper side of the ceiling can also be provided with a substructure made of engineered timber boards for construction. This configuration of the ceiling structure has the advantage that the upper-side cover panels and the lower-side cover panels can be of the same size, thereby both simplifying standardization and reducing assembly effort.

In this arrangement, it is expedient for support to be provided by a second person during the assembly of the lower-side cover panels. To avoid this, a provision can be made that a supporting batten is disposed on the inner edge of the respective ceiling beam that lies flush with the ceiling beam. The batten forms a support for intermediate plates inserted between the ceiling beams, which can be easily placed onto the supporting batten and do not even need to be secured thereto.

The height of the cover panels used on the walls corresponds substantially to the height 5 of the building story. It is also possible, however, to divide the plate height into two parts that are placed against one another. The connection area between the individual panels is secured to a bracket of the skeleton structure of the building system, it being possible for the bracket to also be provided with longitudinal slots and guide strips. Furthermore, different panel sizes can also be used in the case of door and window installations.

The system according to the invention offers the possibility of using mostly standardized panel sizes, with the same size also being usable as a ceiling panel. This simplifies the construction of the walls and ceilings substantially and is less fault-prone. This is particularly beneficial to a builder-owner who would like to construct a building himself, or to the construction workers.

The respective standardized spacing between the wall uprights and ceiling beams also makes it possible to use standardized molded insulation bodies that do not require any finishing at the construction site.

The invention is explained below in greater detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment.

Figs. 1-7 show horizontal sectional drawings for a wall of the type disclosed according to the invention,

Figs. 8-11 show a ceiling structure for a building system of the type according to the invention, and

Fig. 12 shows an alternative embodiment of a ceiling structure.

Figs. 1-7 show a horizontal cross section through a wall structure in the sequence of assembly. According to Fig. 1, uprights 1, 2 are set up on the wall side of the building ground slab in an interval of 62.5 cm. Given a wall length of 7.5 m, this means that there are 13 uprights that are set up equidistantly. In the case of a different grid spacing, such 6 as 1.25 m, for example, the numerical ratios are adapted accordingly. The uprights form the skeleton structure of the building, which is constructed overall in the manner of a half-timbered building. In a building with a low ceiling height of 2.5 m, for example, the uprights can extend uninterruptedly from the ground slab to the ceiling of a story. However, the wall surfaces can also be subdivided in the vertical by using brackets in appropriate places, although this is not necessary in the case of a panel height of 2.5 m. The connection between uprights, beams, ceiling beams, and other structural elements is preferably established by means of detachable screw braces or tenon joints.

The figures show only a cut-out of a wall structure between two uprights 1 and 2. The uprights are made of glued laminated timber in order to achieve better torsion resistance and enable the uprights to be manufactured more economically.

On the inner and outer wall side, the uprights 1 and 2 have notches 3 and 4, each of which extends in the longitudinal direction and into which guide strips 5 and 6 can be inserted. If the guide strips are dimensioned appropriately, they can be inserted in a wedged manner into the notches 3 and 4, but they can also be glued in the notches. The guide strips 5 and 6 are preferably made of wood material in the form of a narrow wood strip or, alternatively, of suitable plastic material. It is not necessary for the guide strips to extend over the entire length of the uprights. It is also possible to use several sections of guide strips that are distributed along the length of the uprights, and they can even be arranged in only a punctiform manner.

Fig. 2 shows the uprights 1 and 2 with inserted guide strips 5 and 6. The guide strips protrude out of the uprights so far that a respective cover panel 7 can be inserted between the guide strips of two adjacent uprights, with the lateral edges of the cover panel being aligned against the legs of the guide strips 6 and 7. In an outer wall, the cover panels on the exterior of the wall are embodied as vapor-permeable wood-based panels (DWD). They are preferably fastened to the respective upright 1, 2 by means of several screws. Fig. 2 also shows that the guide strips 6 protrude so far out of the upright 1 that their outer edge extends slightly beyond the cover panel 7. 7

Fig. 3 shows the next work step, in which an insulation 9 is inserted between the uprights 1 and 2 that does not require any finishing because it is a molded article. A cover panel 8 is inserted on the inner side of an outer wall between the guide strips 5 and is embodied particularly as an oriented-strand board. Here, too, the guide strip 5 protrudes beyond the cover panel 8.

Fig. 4 shows the next work step, in which a respective counter batten structure composed of counter battens 11,12 and 13, 14 is placed on both the outside and inside of the wall, with the counter battens having notches 10 and 15 by means of which the counter battens on the guide strips 5 and 6 can be placed on the guide strips 5, 6 and cover panels 7, 8 so as to be nondisplaceable in the lateral direction. The counter battens 11-14 are also fastened by means of screws or nails to the uprights 1, 2, it being possible for the cover panels 7, 8 to be fastened simultaneously with the fastening of the counter battens 11-14.

Figs. 5 and 6 show the continuing construction of the outer wall. An exterior wall facing 18 made of weatherproof panels, preferably Eternit panels, is disposed on the outside of the counter battens 11, 12. These can be secured to the counter battens 11, 12 using screws or also connected thereto by means of clamp connections. A substructure is positioned on the inner side of the wall on the counter battens 13, 14 as a supporting batten 16 for the wall brace. The interior wall facing 17 is mounted onto the supporting batten 16 as planks, for instance as sheets of drywall or hydropanels by the Siniat company.

Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the outer side of the outer wall, in which, instead of the counter battens 11,12 and the exterior wall facing 18 according to Fig. 6, a baseboard 40 is mounted on the cover panel 7 that can be optionally covered on the outside with an exterior wall facing 41 made of weatherproof materials, such as Eternit panels. 8

Figs. 8-11 show vertical sectional views through a ceiling structure. The ceiling beams 19, 20 are also embodied as glue-laminated timber beams. The ceiling beams are also spaced apart at a modular distance of 62.5 cm, for example. Supporting battens 22, 23 are fastened to the lower inner side of the ceiling beams 19, 20. Notches are arranged 21 on the upper side of the ceiling beams.

In an embodiment according to Fig. 9, an intermediate plate 25 is placed onto the supporting battens 23, 24, which is embodied as an oriented-strand board. According to Fig. 10, an insert made of a sealing material 32 is inserted onto the intermediate plate 25. Guide strips 26 and 27 are inserted into the notches 21. An upper-side cover panel 28 can then be placed between two adjacent guide strips 26 and 27. This is also made of oriented-strand board. The underside of the ceiling beams and of the supporting battens is additionally provided with a vapor barrier 29. As a lower layer, the ceiling according to Fig. 10 is provided with a KVFI substructure as a supporting batten for the lower ceiling cladding 31.

According to Fig. 11, since the cover panel 28 can already form the upper side of the ceiling structure, the guide strips 26, 27 do not project beyond the cover panel 28 in this case. The ceiling cladding 31 on the underside of the ceiling can be embodied as a drywall or hydropanel by the Siniat company, for example.

Fig. 12 shows an alternative embodiment of the ceiling in which the undersides of the ceiling beams 33 and 34 also contain guide strips 35 and 36 between which the cover panel 37 can be inserted. A batten is mounted thereunder on whose underside the ceiling cladding 39 is secured. The construction of the underside of the ceiling therefore corresponds substantially to the inner wall structure of a side wall.

Various materials can be used as the material for the cover panels, such as wooden sandwich panels, hard fiber panels, gypsum boards, which are available to a person skilled in the art as needed. 9

The introduction of sanitation lines and electrical cables into the walls and ceilings of the building is done in a known manner.

The inventive wall and ceiling structure enables the construction of the building to be easily performed even by a builder-owner himself, and by virtue of the standardization of the elements used, these only have to be present in a few variants, and little measuring work is required. This avoids error-proneness and simplifies construction even by unskilled laborers. 10

Reference Symbols 1 upright 2 upright 3 notch 4 notch 5 guide strip 6 guide strip 7 cover panel (DWD) 8 cover panel (oriented-strand board) 9 insulation 10 notch 11 counter batten 12 counter batten 13 counter batten 14 counter batten 15 notch 16 supporting batten 17 interior wall facing 18 exterior wall facing 19 ceiling beam 20 ceiling beam 21 notch 22 supporting batten 23 supporting batten 24 supporting batten 25 intermediate plate (oriented-strand board) 26 guide strip 27 guide strip 28 cover panel (oriented-strand board) 29 vapor barrier 30 supporting batten 31 ceiling cladding 32 insulation 33 ceiling beam 34 ceiling beam 35 guide strip 36 guide strip 37 cover panel 38 supporting batten 39 ceiling cladding 40 baseboard 41 exterior wall facing 11

Claims

Claims

1. An outer and/or inner wall structure for a building system, particularly residential building, which is embodied as a skeleton structure on a base plate with vertical uprights (1, 2) and an insulating layer inserted between adjacent uprights, wherein the uprights (1, 2) are spaced apart in a standardized grid spacing are arranged between floor and ceiling of a building story, wherein adjacently arranged uprights are covered on both sides by cover panels (7, 8), wherein the respective rectangular uprights (1, 2) have notches (3, 4) extending on the outside and inside of the wall in the longitudinal direction of the uprights (1, 2) into which guide strips (5, 6) protruding from the surface of the uprights (1, 2) can be inserted, wherein the width of the ambilateral cover panels (7, 8) is such that they are laterally adjacent to the respective side flanks of the guide strips (5, 6) protruding from the uprights (1, 2), and wherein the cover panels (7, 8) are fastened by screwing or clamping to the uprights (1, 2), characterized in that the connection area of two adjacently arranged cover panels (7, 8) is covered by means of a counter batten (11-14) in which slots are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the counter batten (11-14) into which the guide strips (5, 6) protruding from the uprights (1, 2) and extending over the wall panels engage.
2. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a weatherproof exterior wall facing (18) is disposed on the counter batten on the outer side of the wall.
3. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that an interior wall facing (17) is disposed on the counter batten on the inner side of the wall.
4. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the cover panels (7) on the outer side of the wall are embodied as vapor-permeable wood-based panels (DWD).
5. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the cover panels (8) on the inner side of the wall are embodied as oriented-strand boards (OSBs).
6. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the exterior wall facing (18) is composed of weatherproof panels, particularly Eternit panels.
7. The outer wall structure as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that the interior wall facing (17) is formed on a substructure of engineered timber boards for construction (KVH) (16).
8. An inner wall structure as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the cover panels are embodied on both sides of the inner wall as oriented-strand boards (OSBs).
9. The inner wall structure as set forth in claim 8, characterized in that the cover panels are provided with engineered timber boards for construction (KVH) (16) on both sides of the inner wall over a counter batten (11-14).
10. A ceiling structure for a building system, in which the ceiling includes a grid structure composed of horizontally extending ceiling beams (19, 20) spaced apart at a standardized distance to one another, wherein adjacently arranged ceiling beams are provided with cover panels (28) and an insulating layer is inserted between the ceiling beams (19, 20), wherein the upper sides of the rectangular ceiling beams (19, 20) each include notches (21) extending in the longitudinal direction into which the guide strips (26) protruding from the upper side of the ceiling beams (19, 20) can be inserted, and wherein the width of the upper-side cover panels (28) is such that they are each adjacent laterally to the guide strips (26, 27) protruding from the ceiling beams (19, 20), characterized in that the undersides of the ceiling beams (19, 20) each contain notches (21) extending in the longitudinal direction into which the guide strips (35, 36) protruding from the underside of the ceiling beams (33, 34) can be inserted, and that the width of the lower-side cover panels (37) is such that they are each adjacent laterally to the guide strips (35, 36) protruding from the ceiling beams (33, 34).
11. The ceiling structure as set forth in claim 10, characterized in that the lateral longitudinal legs of the ceiling beams (19, 20) each have a supporting batten (22-24) on their lower edge, and that a respective intermediate plate (25) can be placed onto the supporting batten of adjacent ceiling beams.
12. The ceiling structure as set forth in claim 11, characterized in that upper-side and lower-side cover panels (28) are embodied as oriented-strand boards (OSBs).
13. The ceiling structure as set forth in claim 11, characterized in that the intermediate plates (25) are embodied as oriented-strand boards.
14. The ceiling structure as set forth in claim 10, characterized in that the ceiling is provided on its underside with engineered timber boards for construction (KVH) to which the ceiling cladding is fastened.