EP3055465B1 - Support for a building - Google Patents

Support for a building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3055465B1
EP3055465B1 EP13773337.4A EP13773337A EP3055465B1 EP 3055465 B1 EP3055465 B1 EP 3055465B1 EP 13773337 A EP13773337 A EP 13773337A EP 3055465 B1 EP3055465 B1 EP 3055465B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
junction element
longitudinal end
support according
end piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13773337.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3055465A1 (en
Inventor
Eric Chabas
David Masure
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal SA
Original Assignee
ArcelorMittal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ArcelorMittal SA filed Critical ArcelorMittal SA
Publication of EP3055465A1 publication Critical patent/EP3055465A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3055465B1 publication Critical patent/EP3055465B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • E04C2/322—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with parallel corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/08—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
    • E04D3/30—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/361—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets
    • E04D3/362—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets by locking the edge of one slab or sheet within the profiled marginal portion of the adjacent slab or sheet, e.g. using separate connecting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0862—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of a number of elements which are identical or not, e.g. carried by a common web, support plate or grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/12—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of metal or with an outer layer of metal or enameled metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/361—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets
    • E04D2003/3612—Separate fastening elements fixed to the roof structure and comprising plastic parts for avoiding thermal bridges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the non-load bearing outer skin of a structure.
  • the present invention is more particularly relating to a building support, in particular for the manufacture of double-skin cladding or double-skin roofing.
  • a double-skin cladding respectively double skin roof, mainly comprising a first skin made of ribbed panels, for example galvanized steel sheets. , a thermal insulation and a second skin made of ribbed panels, for example galvanized steel sheet prepainted, which give its appearance outside the building.
  • the first skin consists, more particularly, in a juxtaposition of sections of approximately C-shaped section very elongated, each section being commonly called siding tray.
  • a cladding board usually consists of a slightly ribbed board bottom and two wings extending at right angles from the two longitudinal edges of the board bottom. The end of the wings is formed of lips of variable shape that allow the juxtaposition of two successive trays.
  • the second skin being fixed on the lips of the trays, the wings of the trays constitute thermal bridges which degrade the thermal performance of this constructive system.
  • a building support according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in the application FR 2 770 240 A1 .
  • the present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems by providing a building support for the manufacture of a first skin having increased thermal insulation and airtightness while providing a good mechanical anchoring of the second skin.
  • the subject of the invention is a double-skin cladding comprising an assembly of at least two building supports according to the invention, the first longitudinal end piece of a given support being engaged in the second longitudinal end piece. of the adjacent support.
  • the third object of the invention is the use of the building support according to the invention for the manufacture of a composite steel-concrete floor.
  • the supporting structure 1 is of the beam-beam type. It can be based on concrete, steel or wood. This supporting structure 1 is covered with supports 2. A thermal insulation 3, of glass wool type, is unwound in front of the supports 2 and possibly in the supports 2. It is finally fixed on the supports 2, an external cladding 4 mainly constituted of ribbed sheets having alternating ranges and grooves and preferably made from galvanized or galvanized steel sheet prepainted. This external cladding 4 constitutes the outer skin of the double-skin cladding.
  • the supports 2 are fixed horizontally on a vertical support structure although they may be arranged alternately horizontally or vertically on a structure itself vertical or not .
  • the assembly of the supports is done by overlapping the upper longitudinal edge of a support by the lower longitudinal edge of the support located above and by abutment of the lateral edges.
  • the whole is the inner skin of the double-skin cladding.
  • the support 2 consists mainly of three elements physically separate from each other and assembled. It is a bottom 5, a first joining element 6 and a top 7.
  • the bottom 5 comprises a metal panel 9, a first longitudinal end piece 10 and a second longitudinal end piece 11.
  • metal panel means a flat-shaped element, that is to say of small thickness compared to its other dimensions.
  • the panel may be in the form of a plate or sheet made of a single metallic material or a composite assembly. In the latter case, the panel is a layering of several layers of the same material or different materials.
  • the material in question can be, among other things, a metallic material, a polymer or an enamel.
  • metal materials mention may be made of steel, aluminum, copper and zinc.
  • the panel is a steel sheet.
  • it is a galvanized steel sheet and possibly prepainted to protect it from corrosion.
  • the panel will have been previously shaped by means of any known shaping process among which will be mentioned by way of non-limiting example the folding, profiling, stamping, molding, extrusion.
  • this shaping leads in particular to the formation of stiffeners 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the panel and regularly distributed over the otherwise substantially flat surface thereof. They add rigidity to the panel, making it easier to transport, handle and maintain.
  • the panel 9 preferably has proportions similar to those of cladding tray funds of the prior art so as not to have to change the laying habits. It is therefore preferably of small width compared to its length and has a thickness E1 preferably between 0.4 and 0.9 mm.
  • the two longitudinal end pieces are located on the longitudinal edges of the metal panel. They are of at least locally complementary shape so that one of the longitudinal end pieces can fit into the other when juxtaposing two adjacent supports 2 in the same plane.
  • This type of assembly has the advantage of ensuring good securing funds while avoiding the use of sewing screws and thus improve the airtightness of the inner skin of the double-skin cladding.
  • one of the longitudinal end pieces comprises a portion 13 protruding outwardly from the bottom 5, referred to as a tenon while the other longitudinal end piece comprises a corresponding portion 14, in withdrawal inward of the bottom 5, referred to as the mortise.
  • the shape, orientation and dimensions of the mortise and tenon will be chosen so that the tenon fits into the mortise when assembling two juxtaposed supports, one being placed on top of the other.
  • it will be positioned in the bottom mortise a gasket, for example neoprene, to perfect the adjustment of the tenon in the mortise and thus the airtightness of the inner skin of the double-skin cladding.
  • the pin 13 may be located on the second longitudinal end piece 11 and the mortise 14 on the first longitudinal end piece 10.
  • the plane in which the tenon and the mortise are located will preferably be as close as possible to the plane formed by the panel 9, and, as far as possible, approximately in the same plane.
  • This configuration improves the airtightness by allowing the crossing of horizontal and vertical seals. In other words, by allowing that the horizontal seal of the mortise and tenon assembly located at the intersection of two supports is close to the vertical seal located at the support / support structure interface, the flow cross-section is reduced. 'air.
  • the two longitudinal end pieces are obtained by shaping, such as folding, profiling, stamping, molding or extrusion, the longitudinal edges of the panel 9.
  • the longitudinal end pieces may have complex shapes, can alternatively facilitate the production of the bottom 5 by dissociating the shaping of the panel and the shaping of the longitudinal end pieces.
  • the latter are then profiles manufactured elsewhere and reported on the panel at its longitudinal edges.
  • the connection between the panel and the profiles is then provided by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping.
  • These profiles are preferably made of metal, for example galvanized steel optionally prepainted.
  • the top 7 comprises, for its part, a fastening zone 15 and a first branch 16 extending from a longitudinal edge of the fastening zone.
  • the apex also comprises a second branch 17 extending from the other longitudinal edge of the attachment zone.
  • the attachment zone 15 is intended to receive the fastening means of the external cladding 4. It is a flat-shaped element, that is to say of small thickness compared to its other dimensions. It can be in the form of a plate or sheet made of a single material or a composite assembly. In the latter case, the panel is a superposition of several layers of the same material or different materials.
  • the material in question can be, among other things, a metallic material, a polymer or an enamel. By way of non-limiting example of metal materials, mention may be made of steel, aluminum, copper and zinc. Preferably, it is a galvanized steel sheet and possibly prepainted to protect it from corrosion.
  • the fastening zone has a thickness E2 greater than the thickness E1 of the panel 9 and preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 mm.
  • the fastening screws have a good resistance to tearing when the sheets have a sufficient thickness, generally greater than or equal to 1.5mm.
  • the fastening area is flat in order to facilitate the fixing of the external cladding.
  • various forms may be envisaged provided that at least one approximately flat area intended to be pierced by the fastening screws of the external cladding is retained.
  • the fixing zone has been previously shaped using any known shaping process, among which, by way of non-limiting example, bending, profiling, stamping, molding, extrusion.
  • the branch 16, respectively 17 is intended to stiffen the top 7 and ensure the attachment of the first connecting element 6, respectively a second connecting element 8, on the top, as we will have the opportunity to see it in more detail later.
  • the branches 16, 17 are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the attachment zone. Since they can present complex shapes, we can alternatively facilitate the realization of the vertex of support by dissociating the realization of the fixing zone and the realization of the branches. The latter are then profiles manufactured elsewhere and reported on the fastening area at its longitudinal edges. The connection between the attachment zone and the branches is then ensured by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping. These profiles are preferably made of metal, for example galvanized steel optionally prepainted.
  • the first joining element 6 extends from the second longitudinal end piece 11 of the bottom towards the apex at an obtuse angle ⁇ with the panel 9 so that several supports can be stacked during storage and transport. , which is a significant gain in space.
  • the first junction element is physically distinct from the bottom.
  • the bottom and the first joining element are not a single simply shaped material.
  • the term "connecting element" can mean either a single piece or several different pieces.
  • the first connecting element is fixed firstly to the second longitudinal end piece of the bottom and secondly to the top via the branch 16 whose shape is adapted to the case by case according to the shape of the first joining element.
  • These fasteners can be made continuously over the entire length of the first joining element or discontinuously. They can be made by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping.
  • the first joining element 6 is a thermal bridge breaker.
  • the heat flux which traverses the entirety of a longitudinal section of the first connecting element is strictly less than the heat flow through the entire longitudinal section of a connecting element made of an identical material in kind. and in thickness to the metal panel 9.
  • tire longitudinal section is meant here that the surface considered consists of the cutting surface of the first junction element itself and the cutting surface of any openings or voids resulting the shape and layout of the joining element.
  • a connecting element comprises one or more parts, made in one or more materials and ensuring the connection between the external skin of the cladding and the internal skin of the cladding, these parts being such that their nature and / or their shape and their disposition allow to mitigate the existing thermal bridge within the double-skin cladding.
  • the joining elements may be solid or openwork thermal insulating materials such as polymeric materials, fiberglass, carbon fiber, wood but also thermal conductive materials whose shape and arrangement can limit the thermal bridge such as wire, expanded metal, ...
  • the support 2 comprises a second connecting element 8 also thermal bridge breaker.
  • This element 8 extends from the top 7 forming an obtuse angle ⁇ with the flat portion of the fastening zone.
  • the joining element 8 improves the load recovery of the outer skin on the internal skin of the cladding and thus improve the mechanical stability of cladding.
  • the obtuse character of the angles ⁇ and ⁇ also makes it possible to stack several supports during storage and transport, which is a significant space saving.
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably of the same value as the angle ⁇ to form a symmetrical support vertex, which ensures a homogeneous distribution of loads.
  • the second connecting element 8 extends approximately up to the plumb of the metal panel 9 so that it bears on the bottom of the support adjacent to the support considered after placement of the inner skin.
  • the second connecting element 8 is fixed on the top 7 via the second branch 17 whose shape is adapted case by case depending on the shape of the element 8.
  • This attachment can be made continuously on the entire length of the joining element or discontinuously. It can be performed by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping.
  • the part of the second junction element 8 opposite the vertex 7 may be free.
  • it is equipped with a support foot 18 intended to improve the support of the element 8 on the bottom of the support adjacent to the support considered after placement of the double-skin cladding.
  • the support foot has a flat surface 19 of sufficient width to allow attachment of the support foot, right of the supporting structure, on the support placed below the support considered. Fixing can be ensured by screws but it is also possible to provide that, when the two supports are juxtaposed, the flat surface 19 of the upper support comes to fit on the lower support in a groove provided for this purpose on the 9.
  • Such a nesting makes it possible to stiffen the assembly constituted by the top and the two connecting elements without resorting to screws and thus to improve the load recovery.
  • the support 2 comprises a bottom 5, a vertex 7, junction elements 6, 8 formed of a zig-zag-shaped round steel wire and a support foot 18.
  • the bottom 5 comprises a metal panel 9 of thickness E1 galvanized steel sheet having stiffeners 12 regularly distributed on the surface.
  • the longitudinal end pieces 10, 11 of the bottom 5 were obtained by folding the longitudinal edges of the panel.
  • the top 7 comprises a planar fastening zone of thickness E2 made of galvanized steel sheet and branches 16, 17 obtained by folding the longitudinal edges of the crown.
  • the first longitudinal end piece 10 comprises starting from the panel 9, a recess 20, a pin 13 and a Z return 21.
  • the post 13 consists of a block bending in the longitudinal direction of the first end piece longitudinal 10.
  • the recess 20 consists of a rib wing resulting from a double folding and located upstream of the tenon so as to distance the latter from the plane of the panel 9 by a distance approximately equal to twice the thickness E1 of the panel in order to facilitate the interlocking of the tenon and mortise as will be seen later.
  • the return Z 21 extends the post 13 towards the inside of the panel. It serves as a support when stacking supports for storage or transport so that two successive supports are parallel and the stack is stable.
  • the upper part of the Z is separated from the panel by a distance approximately equal to the distance separating two vertices 7 during their stacking.
  • the central part of the Z-shaped return serves as a stop for the first junction element 6 'of the adjacent support in addition to the tenon-mortise interlocking and thus forms with the tenon the angle ⁇ .
  • the stop reinforces the mechanical strength of the assembly of supports as well as the tightness of the internal skin of the double-skin cladding.
  • the second longitudinal end piece 11 'of the adjacent support comprises, starting from the panel 9', a mortise 14 'extended by a fastener 22'.
  • the mortise is of shape, orientation and dimensions adapted to receive the block folding of the pin 13. Consequently, it consists of a block folding in the longitudinal direction of the second longitudinal end piece 11 'followed by a U-fold, the inside diameter of the U being approximately equal to twice the thickness E1.
  • a seal is disposed at the bottom of the U.
  • the clip 22 ' secures the connecting member to the second longitudinal end piece. It extends the mortise forming the angle ⁇ with it. It consists of a longitudinal groove formed by the succession of a block folding and a U-folding, the internal diameter of the U being approximately equal to the thickness of the connecting element, so that the latter inserts into the longitudinal groove.
  • the branches 16 ', 17' and the support foot comprise the same fastener 22 '.
  • the fasteners on the branches form the angle ⁇ with the fastening zone while the fastener on the support foot forms the angle ⁇ with the flat surface 19 '.
  • the support 2 thus obtained has particular particularity that the top and the two connecting elements form, in section, a trapezium open at its base. This configuration makes it possible to stack several media during storage and transport.
  • the base of the trapezium of a given support is closed by the adjacent support thus ensuring sealing.
  • the groove 23 is of shape, orientation and dimensions adapted to receive the flat surface 19 'of the support foot. Accordingly, it consists of a block bend in the longitudinal direction of the panel 9 followed by a U-fold, the inner diameter of the U being approximately equal to the thickness of the support foot.
  • the groove is preceded by a recess 24 to move away from the plane of the panel 9 so that, after engagement of the support foot 18 'in the groove 23, the supports 9 and 9' are in the same plane.
  • This recess consists of a double longitudinal Z fold.
  • the joining elements are in the form of a panel of heat-insulating solid material whose longitudinal ends comprise longitudinal grooves 25 'and 26'.
  • the fasteners 22 'consist of a block bend in the longitudinal direction respectively of the legs, the support foot and the second end piece. This block bend fits into the grooves respectively 25 'and 26'.
  • the support according to the invention is not limited to these uses.
  • it can be used as formwork for the realization of mixed steel-concrete floors obtained by pouring a concrete slab on the formwork.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative au revêtement extérieur non porteur d'une structure. La présente invention est plus particulièrement relative à un support pour bâtiment notamment destiné à la fabrication de bardages double-peau ou de toitures double-peau.The present invention relates to the non-load bearing outer skin of a structure. The present invention is more particularly relating to a building support, in particular for the manufacture of double-skin cladding or double-skin roofing.

II est connu d'habiller la façade, respectivement la couverture, d'un bâtiment au moyen d'un bardage double-peau, respectivement toiture double-peau, comportant principalement une première peau faite de panneaux nervurés, par exemple des tôles en acier galvanisé, d'une isolation thermique et d'une seconde peau faite de panneaux nervurés, par exemple des tôles en acier galvanisé prélaqué, qui donnent son aspect extérieur au bâtiment. La première peau consiste, plus particulièrement, en une juxtaposition de profilés de section approximativement en forme de C très allongé, chaque profilé étant communément appelé plateau de bardage.It is known to dress the facade, respectively the roof, of a building by means of a double-skin cladding, respectively double skin roof, mainly comprising a first skin made of ribbed panels, for example galvanized steel sheets. , a thermal insulation and a second skin made of ribbed panels, for example galvanized steel sheet prepainted, which give its appearance outside the building. The first skin consists, more particularly, in a juxtaposition of sections of approximately C-shaped section very elongated, each section being commonly called siding tray.

Un plateau de bardage est habituellement constitué d'un fond de plateau légèrement nervuré et de deux ailes s'étendant à angle droit depuis les deux bords longitudinaux du fond de plateau. L'extrémité des ailes est formée de lèvres de forme variable qui permettent la juxtaposition de deux plateaux successifs.A cladding board usually consists of a slightly ribbed board bottom and two wings extending at right angles from the two longitudinal edges of the board bottom. The end of the wings is formed of lips of variable shape that allow the juxtaposition of two successive trays.

La seconde peau étant fixée sur les lèvres des plateaux, les ailes des plateaux constituent des ponts thermiques qui dégradent les performances thermiques de ce système constructif.The second skin being fixed on the lips of the trays, the wings of the trays constitute thermal bridges which degrade the thermal performance of this constructive system.

Pour éviter ces ponts, on ajoute traditionnellement devant les plateaux une couche supplémentaire d'isolant et un réseau de profilés disposés à 45° sur lesquels sont fixés la seconde peau. Cette isolation supplémentaire n'est cependant pas suffisante et ces ajouts sont autant d'opérations supplémentaires coûteuses en temps et en main d'oeuvre.To avoid these bridges, it is traditionally added to the trays an additional layer of insulation and a network of profiles arranged at 45 ° on which are fixed the second skin. This additional insulation is however not sufficient and these additions are additional operations that are costly in time and labor.

Une alternative consiste à perforer les ailes des plateaux afin de limiter le pont thermique, comme l'illustre notamment l'invention décrite dans la demande EP1 312 725 A1 . Cependant les perforations fragilisent les ailes et altèrent l'ancrage mécanique de la seconde peau et donc la résistance au vent du bardage.An alternative is to perforate the wings of the trays to limit the thermal bridge, as illustrated in particular by the invention described in the application. EP1 312725 A1 . However perforations weaken wings and alter the mechanical anchoring of the second skin and therefore the wind resistance of the cladding.

Par ailleurs, les plateaux de bardage traditionnels ne s'assemblent pas de façon jointive. Il s'avère nécessaire de placer des joints d'étanchéité dans les zones de recouvrement des plateaux et de couturer les plateaux successifs de façon régulière le long de leurs lèvres afin d'éviter leur mouvement relatif. Cependant il s'avère que ces opérations supplémentaires sont non seulement coûteuses en temps et en main d'oeuvre mais qu'elles ne permettent pas d'obtenir une étanchéité à l'air suffisante.In addition, traditional cladding boards do not join together. It is necessary to place gaskets in the tray overlap areas and to stitch successive trays evenly along their lips to prevent relative movement. However it turns out that these additional operations are not only costly in time and manpower but they do not allow to obtain a sufficient airtightness.

Un support pour bâtiment selon le préambule de la revendication 1 est décrit dans la demande FR 2 770 240 A1 . La présente invention a pour but de pallier aux problèmes précités en proposant un support pour bâtiment permettant la fabrication d'une première peau présentant une isolation thermique et une étanchéité à l'air accrues tout en offrant un bon ancrage mécanique de la seconde peau.A building support according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in the application FR 2 770 240 A1 . The present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems by providing a building support for the manufacture of a first skin having increased thermal insulation and airtightness while providing a good mechanical anchoring of the second skin.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour premier objet un support pour bâtiment comprenant un assemblage d'au moins :

  • un fond comprenant un panneau métallique ainsi qu'une première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale et une deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale de formes au moins localement complémentaires de sorte qu'une des pièces d'extrémité longitudinale puisse s'emboiter dans l'autre,
  • un premier élément de jonction s'étendant depuis la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale en formant un angle α obtus avec le panneau et étant au moins partiellement solidaire de la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale,
  • un sommet comprenant une zone de fixation et une première branche s'étendant depuis un bord longitudinal de la zone de fixation, ce sommet s'étendant vers l'extérieur depuis le premier élément de jonction et la première branche étant au moins partiellement solidaire du premier élément de jonction, la nature, la forme et la disposition du premier élément de jonction étant configurées de sorte que le premier élément de jonction est un rupteur de pont thermique.
For this purpose, the invention firstly relates to a building support comprising an assembly of at least:
  • a bottom comprising a metal panel and a first longitudinal end piece and a second longitudinal end piece of at least locally complementary shapes so that one of the longitudinal end pieces can fit into the other,
  • a first joining element extending from the second longitudinal end piece forming an obtuse angle α with the panel and being at least partially integral with the second longitudinal end piece,
  • a vertex comprising an attachment zone and a first branch extending from a longitudinal edge of the attachment zone, this vertex extending outwardly from the first joining element and the first branch being at least partially integral with the first junction element, the nature, shape and arrangement of the first joint member being configured so that the first joint member is a thermal bridge breaker.

Le support pour bâtiment selon l'invention peut également comprendre les caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes, prises isolément ou en combinaison :

  • il comprend un deuxième élément de jonction s'étendant depuis le sommet et approximativement jusqu'à l'aplomb du panneau en formant un angle β obtus avec la zone de fixation et étant au moins partiellement solidaire d'une deuxième branche s'étendant depuis l'autre bord longitudinal de la zone de fixation, la nature, la forme et la disposition du deuxième élément de jonction étant configurées de sorte que le deuxième élément de jonction est un rupteur de pont thermique,
  • le deuxième élément de jonction est équipé d'un pied d'appui,
  • le panneau métallique comprend une rainure destinée à l'emboitement du pied d'appui,
  • la première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale comprend un tenon et la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale comprend une mortaise,
  • le tenon et la mortaise se trouvent approximativement dans le même plan que le panneau métallique,
  • les première et deuxième pièces d'extrémité longitudinale sont obtenues par mise en forme des bords longitudinaux du panneau métallique,
  • la zone de fixation est en tôle d'acier d'épaisseur supérieure à l'épaisseur du panneau métallique,
  • la zone de fixation est en tôle d'acier d'épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 1,5 mm,
  • les branches sont obtenues par mise en forme des bords longitudinaux de la zone de fixation,
  • la première branche comprend une attache comprenant une rainure longitudinale dans lequel s'insère l'élément de jonction,
  • l'élément de jonction comprend une pièce réalisée dans un matériau sélectionné parmi les matériaux isolants thermiques pleins ou ajourés et les matériaux conducteurs thermiques dont la forme et la disposition permettent de limiter le pont thermique,
  • l'élément de jonction est en fil métallique conformé en zig-zag.
The building support according to the invention may also include the following optional features, taken separately or in combination:
  • it comprises a second connecting element extending from the top and approximately to the plumb of the panel forming an obtuse angle β with the fastening zone and being at least partially secured to a second branch extending from the another longitudinal edge of the attachment zone, the nature, shape and arrangement of the second connecting element being so configured that the second joining element is a thermal bridge breaker,
  • the second connecting element is equipped with a support foot,
  • the metal panel comprises a groove for the fitting of the support foot,
  • the first longitudinal end piece comprises a tenon and the second longitudinal end piece comprises a mortise,
  • the tenon and the mortise are approximately in the same plane as the metal panel,
  • the first and second longitudinal end pieces are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the metal panel,
  • the fastening area is made of sheet steel with a thickness greater than the thickness of the metal panel,
  • the fastening area is made of sheet steel with a thickness greater than or equal to 1.5 mm,
  • the branches are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the fixing zone,
  • the first branch comprises a fastener comprising a longitudinal groove into which the joining element is inserted,
  • the joining element comprises a part made of a material selected from solid or perforated thermal insulation materials and thermally conductive materials whose shape and arrangement make it possible to limit the thermal bridge,
  • the connecting element is made of metal wire shaped zig-zag.

L'invention a pour deuxième objet un bardage double-peau comprenant un assemblage d'au moins deux supports pour bâtiment selon l'invention, la première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale d'un support donné étant emboitée dans la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale du support adjacent.The subject of the invention is a double-skin cladding comprising an assembly of at least two building supports according to the invention, the first longitudinal end piece of a given support being engaged in the second longitudinal end piece. of the adjacent support.

L'invention a pour troisième objet l'utilisation du support pour bâtiment selon l'invention pour la fabrication d'un plancher mixte acier-béton.The third object of the invention is the use of the building support according to the invention for the manufacture of a composite steel-concrete floor.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée à titre explicatif mais non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées qui représentent :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une façade en bardage double-peau intégrant un support pour bâtiment selon l'invention,
  • La figure 2 est une section transversale d'un support pour bâtiment selon l'invention,
  • La figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un support pour bâtiment selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 4 est une section transversale partielle de l'assemblage de deux supports pour bâtiment selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, avec une vue supplémentaire détaillée d'une zone particulière,
  • La figure 5 est une section transversale partielle de l'assemblage de deux supports pour bâtiment selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, avec trois vues supplémentaires détaillées d'une zone particulière.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given for explanatory but non-limiting purposes, with reference to the appended figures which represent:
  • The figure 1 is a perspective view of a double-skin cladding facade incorporating a building support according to the invention,
  • The figure 2 is a cross section of a building support according to the invention,
  • The figure 3 is a perspective view of a building support according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 4 is a partial cross-section of the assembly of two building supports according to the first embodiment of the invention, with a further detailed view of a particular zone,
  • The figure 5 is a partial cross section of the assembly of two building supports according to a second embodiment of the invention, with three additional detailed views of a particular area.

Les mêmes numéros de référence représentent les mêmes éléments dans chacune des figures. La notation « prime » sur une référence ne sert qu'à faire la différence entre un élément d'un support et le même élément présent sur le support adjacent quand 2 supports sont représentés sur une même figure.The same reference numbers represent the same elements in each of the figures. The notation "prime" on a reference serves only to differentiate between an element of a support and the same element present on the adjacent support when 2 supports are represented on the same figure.

Pour simplifier la suite de la description, on ne parlera que de bardage double-peau bien que le support selon l'invention soit tout autant destiné aux toitures double-peau qu'aux bardages double-peau.To simplify the rest of the description, it will speak only double-skin cladding although the support of the invention is as much for double-skin roofs as double skin cladding.

Un exemple de bardage double-peau selon l'invention est décrit en référence à la figure 1.An example of double-skin cladding according to the invention is described with reference to the figure 1 .

La structure porteuse 1 est de type poteaux-poutres. Elle peut être à base de béton, d'acier ou de bois. Cette structure porteuse 1 est recouverte de supports 2. Une isolation thermique 3, de type laine de verre, est déroulée devant les supports 2 et éventuellement dans les supports 2. Il est enfin fixé, sur les supports 2, un bardage externe 4 principalement constitué de tôles nervurées présentant une alternance de plages et de rainures et de préférence fabriquées à partir de tôles d'acier galvanisé ou galvanisé prélaqué. Ce bardage externe 4 constitue la peau externe du bardage double-peau.The supporting structure 1 is of the beam-beam type. It can be based on concrete, steel or wood. This supporting structure 1 is covered with supports 2. A thermal insulation 3, of glass wool type, is unwound in front of the supports 2 and possibly in the supports 2. It is finally fixed on the supports 2, an external cladding 4 mainly constituted of ribbed sheets having alternating ranges and grooves and preferably made from galvanized or galvanized steel sheet prepainted. This external cladding 4 constitutes the outer skin of the double-skin cladding.

Pour simplifier la suite de la description, on supposera que les supports 2 sont fixés à l'horizontale sur une structure porteuse verticale bien qu'ils puissent être disposés alternativement à l'horizontale ou à la verticale sur une structure elle-même verticale ou non.To simplify the rest of the description, it will be assumed that the supports 2 are fixed horizontally on a vertical support structure although they may be arranged alternately horizontally or vertically on a structure itself vertical or not .

L'assemblage des supports se fait par recouvrement du bord longitudinal supérieur d'un support par le bord longitudinal inférieur du support situé au-dessus et par aboutement des bords latéraux. L'ensemble constitue la peau interne du bardage double-peau.The assembly of the supports is done by overlapping the upper longitudinal edge of a support by the lower longitudinal edge of the support located above and by abutment of the lateral edges. The whole is the inner skin of the double-skin cladding.

En référence à la figure 2, le support 2 est principalement constitué de trois éléments physiquement distincts les uns des autres et assemblés. Il s'agit d'un fond 5, d'un premier élément de jonction 6 et d'un sommet 7.With reference to the figure 2 , the support 2 consists mainly of three elements physically separate from each other and assembled. It is a bottom 5, a first joining element 6 and a top 7.

Tout d'abord, le fond 5 comprend un panneau métallique 9, une première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 10 et une deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11.Firstly, the bottom 5 comprises a metal panel 9, a first longitudinal end piece 10 and a second longitudinal end piece 11.

On entend par panneau métallique un élément de forme plate, c'est-à-dire de faible épaisseur comparée à ses autres dimensions. Le panneau peut se présenter sous la forme d'une plaque ou d'une feuille constituée d'un matériau métallique unique ou d'un assemblage composite. Dans ce dernier cas, le panneau est une superposition de plusieurs couches du même matériau ou de matériaux différents. Le matériau en question peut être, entre autre, un matériau métallique, un polymère ou encore un émail. On pourra citer à titre d'exemple non limitatif de matériaux métalliques l'acier, l'aluminium, le cuivre, le zinc. De préférence le panneau est une tôle d'acier. De préférence, il s'agit d'une tôle d'acier préalablement galvanisé et éventuellement prélaqué afin de le protéger de la corrosion.The term metal panel means a flat-shaped element, that is to say of small thickness compared to its other dimensions. The panel may be in the form of a plate or sheet made of a single metallic material or a composite assembly. In the latter case, the panel is a layering of several layers of the same material or different materials. The material in question can be, among other things, a metallic material, a polymer or an enamel. By way of non-limiting example of metal materials, mention may be made of steel, aluminum, copper and zinc. Preferably the panel is a steel sheet. Preferably, it is a galvanized steel sheet and possibly prepainted to protect it from corrosion.

Dans le cadre de l'invention, le panneau aura été préalablement mis en forme au moyen de tout procédé connu de mise en forme parmi lesquels on citera à titre d'exemple non limitatif le pliage, le profilage, l'emboutissage, le moulage, l'extrudage.In the context of the invention, the panel will have been previously shaped by means of any known shaping process among which will be mentioned by way of non-limiting example the folding, profiling, stamping, molding, extrusion.

De préférence, cette mise en forme conduit notamment à la formation de raidisseurs 12 s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal du panneau et régulièrement répartis sur la surface par ailleurs majoritairement plane de celui-ci. Ils apportent de la rigidité au panneau, facilitant ainsi son transport, sa manutention et son maintien.Preferably, this shaping leads in particular to the formation of stiffeners 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the panel and regularly distributed over the otherwise substantially flat surface thereof. They add rigidity to the panel, making it easier to transport, handle and maintain.

Le panneau 9 présente préférentiellement des proportions similaires à celles des fonds de plateaux de bardage de l'art antérieur afin de ne pas avoir à modifier les habitudes de pose. Il est donc préférentiellement de faible largeur comparativement à sa longueur et présente une épaisseur E1 de préférence comprise entre 0,4 et 0,9 mm.The panel 9 preferably has proportions similar to those of cladding tray funds of the prior art so as not to have to change the laying habits. It is therefore preferably of small width compared to its length and has a thickness E1 preferably between 0.4 and 0.9 mm.

Les deux pièces d'extrémité longitudinale sont situées sur les bords longitudinaux du panneau métallique. Elles sont de forme au moins localement complémentaires de sorte qu'une des pièces d'extrémité longitudinale puisse s'emboiter dans l'autre lors de la juxtaposition dans un même plan de deux supports 2 adjacents. Ce type d'assemblage présente l'avantage d'assurer une bonne solidarisation des fonds tout en évitant le recours à des vis de couture et ainsi d'améliorer l'étanchéité à l'air de la peau interne du bardage double-peau. De préférence, l'une des pièces d'extrémité longitudinale comprend une portion 13, en saillie vers l'extérieur du fond 5, désignée sous le terme de tenon tandis que l'autre pièce d'extrémité longitudinale comprend une portion correspondante 14, en retrait vers l'intérieur du fond 5, désignée sous le terme de mortaise. La forme, l'orientation et les dimensions de la mortaise et du tenon seront choisies de sorte que le tenon s'ajuste dans la mortaise lors de l'assemblage de deux supports juxtaposés, l'un étant placé au-dessus de l'autre. De préférence, on positionnera en fond de mortaise un joint d'étanchéité, par exemple en néoprène, destiné à parfaire l'ajustement du tenon dans la mortaise et donc l'étanchéité à l'air de la peau interne du bardage double-peau. Alternativement le tenon 13 peut être situé sur la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11 et la mortaise 14 sur la première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 10.The two longitudinal end pieces are located on the longitudinal edges of the metal panel. They are of at least locally complementary shape so that one of the longitudinal end pieces can fit into the other when juxtaposing two adjacent supports 2 in the same plane. This type of assembly has the advantage of ensuring good securing funds while avoiding the use of sewing screws and thus improve the airtightness of the inner skin of the double-skin cladding. Preferably, one of the longitudinal end pieces comprises a portion 13 protruding outwardly from the bottom 5, referred to as a tenon while the other longitudinal end piece comprises a corresponding portion 14, in withdrawal inward of the bottom 5, referred to as the mortise. The shape, orientation and dimensions of the mortise and tenon will be chosen so that the tenon fits into the mortise when assembling two juxtaposed supports, one being placed on top of the other. Preferably, it will be positioned in the bottom mortise a gasket, for example neoprene, to perfect the adjustment of the tenon in the mortise and thus the airtightness of the inner skin of the double-skin cladding. Alternatively the pin 13 may be located on the second longitudinal end piece 11 and the mortise 14 on the first longitudinal end piece 10.

Le plan dans lequel se trouvent le tenon et la mortaise sera situé de préférence le plus près possible du plan formé par le panneau 9, et, dans la mesure du possible, approximativement dans le même plan. Cette configuration permet d'améliorer l'étanchéité à l'air en permettant le croisement des étanchéités horizontales et verticales. Autrement dit, en permettant que l'étanchéité horizontale de l'assemblage tenon-mortaise situé à l'intersection de deux supports soit proche de l'étanchéité verticale située à l'interface support/structure porteuse, on diminue la section de passage de l'air.The plane in which the tenon and the mortise are located will preferably be as close as possible to the plane formed by the panel 9, and, as far as possible, approximately in the same plane. This configuration improves the airtightness by allowing the crossing of horizontal and vertical seals. In other words, by allowing that the horizontal seal of the mortise and tenon assembly located at the intersection of two supports is close to the vertical seal located at the support / support structure interface, the flow cross-section is reduced. 'air.

De préférence, les deux pièces d'extrémité longitudinale sont obtenues par mise en forme, telle que pliage, profilage, emboutissage, moulage ou encore extrudage, des bords longitudinaux du panneau 9. Les pièces d'extrémité longitudinale pouvant présenter des formes complexes, on peut alternativement faciliter la réalisation du fond 5 en dissociant la mise en forme du panneau et la mise en forme des pièces d'extrémité longitudinale. Ces dernières sont alors des profilés fabriqués par ailleurs et rapportés sur le panneau au niveau de ses bords longitudinaux. La liaison entre le panneau et les profilés est alors assurée par tout moyen d'assemblage tel que collage, soudage, rivetage, vissage, clipsage ou encore sertissage. Ces profilés sont de préférence en métal, par exemple en acier galvanisé éventuellement prélaqué.Preferably, the two longitudinal end pieces are obtained by shaping, such as folding, profiling, stamping, molding or extrusion, the longitudinal edges of the panel 9. The longitudinal end pieces may have complex shapes, can alternatively facilitate the production of the bottom 5 by dissociating the shaping of the panel and the shaping of the longitudinal end pieces. The latter are then profiles manufactured elsewhere and reported on the panel at its longitudinal edges. The connection between the panel and the profiles is then provided by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping. These profiles are preferably made of metal, for example galvanized steel optionally prepainted.

Le sommet 7 comprend, quant à lui, une zone de fixation 15 et une première branche 16 s'étendant depuis un bord longitudinal de la zone de fixation. De préférence, le sommet comprend également une deuxième branche 17 s'étendant depuis l'autre bord longitudinal de la zone de fixation.The top 7 comprises, for its part, a fastening zone 15 and a first branch 16 extending from a longitudinal edge of the fastening zone. Preferably, the apex also comprises a second branch 17 extending from the other longitudinal edge of the attachment zone.

La zone de fixation 15 est destinée à recevoir les moyens de fixation du bardage externe 4. C'est un élément de forme plate, c'est-à-dire de faible épaisseur comparée à ses autres dimensions. Elle peut se présenter sous la forme d'une plaque ou d'une feuille constituée d'un matériau unique ou d'un assemblage composite. Dans ce dernier cas, le panneau est une superposition de plusieurs couches du même matériau ou de matériaux différents. Le matériau en question peut être, entre autre, un matériau métallique, un polymère ou encore un émail. On pourra citer à titre d'exemple non limitatif de matériaux métalliques l'acier, l'aluminium, le cuivre, le zinc. De préférence, il s'agit d'une tôle d'acier préalablement galvanisé et éventuellement prélaqué afin de le protéger de la corrosion.The attachment zone 15 is intended to receive the fastening means of the external cladding 4. It is a flat-shaped element, that is to say of small thickness compared to its other dimensions. It can be in the form of a plate or sheet made of a single material or a composite assembly. In the latter case, the panel is a superposition of several layers of the same material or different materials. The material in question can be, among other things, a metallic material, a polymer or an enamel. By way of non-limiting example of metal materials, mention may be made of steel, aluminum, copper and zinc. Preferably, it is a galvanized steel sheet and possibly prepainted to protect it from corrosion.

De préférence, et dans le cas d'une zone de fixation en tôle d'acier, la zone de fixation présente une épaisseur E2 supérieure à l'épaisseur E1 du panneau 9 et de préférence supérieure ou égale à 1,5 mm. En effet, pour les nuances d'acier habituellement utilisées pour la construction, les vis de fixation présentent une bonne résistance à l'arrachement lorsque les tôles ont une épaisseur suffisante, généralement supérieure ou égale à 1,5mm. En choisissant un sommet de support plus épais que le fond, on obtient un support de bardage de faible poids tout en conservant un bon ancrage mécanique du bardage externe.Preferably, and in the case of a fastening zone made of sheet steel, the fastening zone has a thickness E2 greater than the thickness E1 of the panel 9 and preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 mm. Indeed, for the steel grades usually used for construction, the fastening screws have a good resistance to tearing when the sheets have a sufficient thickness, generally greater than or equal to 1.5mm. By choosing a support top thicker than the bottom, we obtain a low weight cladding support while maintaining a good mechanical anchorage of the external cladding.

De préférence la zone de fixation est plane afin de faciliter la fixation du bardage externe. Cependant des formes variées peuvent être envisagées pour peu que l'on conserve au moins une zone approximativement plane destinée à être percée par les vis de fixation du bardage externe. Le cas échéant, la zone de fixation aura été préalablement mise en forme au moyen de tout procédé connu de mise en forme parmi lesquels on citera à titre d'exemple non limitatif le pliage, le profilage, l'emboutissage, le moulage, l'extrudage.Preferably the fastening area is flat in order to facilitate the fixing of the external cladding. However, various forms may be envisaged provided that at least one approximately flat area intended to be pierced by the fastening screws of the external cladding is retained. Where appropriate, the fixing zone has been previously shaped using any known shaping process, among which, by way of non-limiting example, bending, profiling, stamping, molding, extrusion.

La branche 16, respectivement 17, est quant à elle destinée à rigidifier le sommet 7 et à assurer la fixation du premier élément de jonction 6, respectivement d'un deuxième élément de jonction 8, sur le sommet, comme on aura l'occasion de le voir plus en détail ultérieurement.The branch 16, respectively 17, is intended to stiffen the top 7 and ensure the attachment of the first connecting element 6, respectively a second connecting element 8, on the top, as we will have the opportunity to see it in more detail later.

De préférence, les branches 16, 17 sont obtenues par mise en forme des bords longitudinaux de la zone de fixation. Comme elles peuvent présenter des formes complexes, on peut alternativement faciliter la réalisation du sommet de support en dissociant la réalisation de la zone de fixation et la réalisation des branches. Ces dernières sont alors des profilés fabriqués par ailleurs et rapportés sur la zone de fixation au niveau de ses bords longitudinaux. La liaison entre la zone de fixation et les branches est alors assurée par tout moyen d'assemblage tel que collage, soudage, rivetage, vissage, clipsage ou encore sertissage. Ces profilés sont de préférence en métal, par exemple en acier galvanisé éventuellement prélaqué.Preferably, the branches 16, 17 are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the attachment zone. Since they can present complex shapes, we can alternatively facilitate the realization of the vertex of support by dissociating the realization of the fixing zone and the realization of the branches. The latter are then profiles manufactured elsewhere and reported on the fastening area at its longitudinal edges. The connection between the attachment zone and the branches is then ensured by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping. These profiles are preferably made of metal, for example galvanized steel optionally prepainted.

Le premier élément de jonction 6 s'étend depuis la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11 du fond en direction du sommet en formant un angle α obtus avec le panneau 9 de sorte que plusieurs supports puissent être empilés lors de leur stockage et de leur transport, ce qui constitue un gain de place conséquent.The first joining element 6 extends from the second longitudinal end piece 11 of the bottom towards the apex at an obtuse angle α with the panel 9 so that several supports can be stacked during storage and transport. , which is a significant gain in space.

Le premier élément de jonction est physiquement distinct du fond. Autrement dit, le fond et le premier élément de jonction ne sont pas un unique matériau simplement mis en forme. Le terme « élément de jonction » peut désigner indifféremment une pièce unique ou plusieurs pièces distinctes.The first junction element is physically distinct from the bottom. In other words, the bottom and the first joining element are not a single simply shaped material. The term "connecting element" can mean either a single piece or several different pieces.

Le premier élément de jonction est fixé d'une part sur la seconde pièce d'extrémité longitudinale du fond et d'autre part sur le sommet par l'intermédiaire de la branche 16 dont la forme est adaptée au cas par cas en fonction de la forme du premier élément de jonction. Ces fixations peuvent être faites de façon continue sur toute la longueur du premier élément de jonction ou de façon discontinue. Elles peuvent être réalisées par tout moyen d'assemblage tel que collage, soudage, rivetage, vissage, clipsage ou encore sertissage.The first connecting element is fixed firstly to the second longitudinal end piece of the bottom and secondly to the top via the branch 16 whose shape is adapted to the case by case according to the shape of the first joining element. These fasteners can be made continuously over the entire length of the first joining element or discontinuously. They can be made by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping.

Le premier élément de jonction 6 est un rupteur de pont thermique. Autrement dit, le flux thermique qui traverse l'intégralité d'une coupe longitudinale du premier élément de jonction est strictement inférieur au flux thermique traversant l'intégralité d'une coupe longitudinale d'un élément de jonction constitué d'un matériau identique en nature et en épaisseur au panneau métallique 9. Par « intégralité d'une coupe longitudinale », on entend ici que la surface considérée consiste en la surface de coupe du premier élément de jonction proprement dit et en la surface de coupe des éventuels ajours ou vides résultant de la forme et de la disposition de l'élément de jonction.The first joining element 6 is a thermal bridge breaker. In other words, the heat flux which traverses the entirety of a longitudinal section of the first connecting element is strictly less than the heat flow through the entire longitudinal section of a connecting element made of an identical material in kind. and in thickness to the metal panel 9. By "entire longitudinal section" is meant here that the surface considered consists of the cutting surface of the first junction element itself and the cutting surface of any openings or voids resulting the shape and layout of the joining element.

Ainsi un élément de jonction comprend une ou plusieurs pièces, réalisées dans un ou plusieurs matériaux et assurant la liaison entre la peau externe du bardage et la peau interne du bardage, ces pièces étant telles que leur nature et/ou leur forme et leur disposition permettent d'atténuer le pont thermique existant au sein du bardage double-peau.Thus a connecting element comprises one or more parts, made in one or more materials and ensuring the connection between the external skin of the cladding and the internal skin of the cladding, these parts being such that their nature and / or their shape and their disposition allow to mitigate the existing thermal bridge within the double-skin cladding.

Dans le cadre de l'invention, et à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, les éléments de jonction peuvent être des matériaux isolants thermiques pleins ou ajourés tels que des matériaux polymériques, de la fibre de verre, de la fibre de carbone, du bois mais également des matériaux conducteurs thermiques dont la forme et la disposition permettent de limiter le pont thermique tels que du fil métallique, du métal déployé,...In the context of the invention, and by way of non-limiting examples, the joining elements may be solid or openwork thermal insulating materials such as polymeric materials, fiberglass, carbon fiber, wood but also thermal conductive materials whose shape and arrangement can limit the thermal bridge such as wire, expanded metal, ...

De préférence, le support 2 comprend un deuxième élément de jonction 8 également rupteur de pont thermique. Cet élément 8 s'étend depuis le sommet 7 en formant un angle β obtus avec la partie plane de la zone de fixation. L'élément de jonction 8 permet d'améliorer la reprise de charge de la peau externe sur la peau interne du bardage et donc d'améliorer la stabilité mécanique de bardage. Le caractère obtus des angles α et β permet en outre d'empiler plusieurs supports lors de leur stockage et de leur transport, ce qui constitue un gain de place conséquent. L'angle β est de préférence de même valeur que l'angle α afin de former un sommet de support symétrique, ce qui garantit une répartition homogène des charges.Preferably, the support 2 comprises a second connecting element 8 also thermal bridge breaker. This element 8 extends from the top 7 forming an obtuse angle β with the flat portion of the fastening zone. The joining element 8 improves the load recovery of the outer skin on the internal skin of the cladding and thus improve the mechanical stability of cladding. The obtuse character of the angles α and β also makes it possible to stack several supports during storage and transport, which is a significant space saving. The angle β is preferably of the same value as the angle α to form a symmetrical support vertex, which ensures a homogeneous distribution of loads.

Le deuxième élément de jonction 8 s'étend approximativement jusqu'à l'aplomb du panneau métallique 9 de sorte qu'il soit en appui sur le fond du support adjacent au support considéré après mise en place de la peau interne.The second connecting element 8 extends approximately up to the plumb of the metal panel 9 so that it bears on the bottom of the support adjacent to the support considered after placement of the inner skin.

Le deuxième élément de jonction 8 est fixé sur le sommet 7 par l'intermédiaire de la deuxième branche 17 dont la forme est adaptée au cas par cas en fonction de la forme de l'élément 8. Cette fixation peut être faite de façon continue sur toute la longueur de l'élément de jonction ou de façon discontinue. Elle peut être réalisée par tout moyen d'assemblage tel que collage, soudage, rivetage, vissage, clipsage ou encore sertissage.The second connecting element 8 is fixed on the top 7 via the second branch 17 whose shape is adapted case by case depending on the shape of the element 8. This attachment can be made continuously on the entire length of the joining element or discontinuously. It can be performed by any assembly means such as gluing, welding, riveting, screwing, clipping or crimping.

La partie du deuxième élément de jonction 8 opposée au sommet 7 peut être libre. De préférence, elle est cependant équipée d'un pied d'appui 18 destiné à améliorer l'appui de l'élément 8 sur le fond du support adjacent au support considéré après mise en place du bardage double-peau. Ceci permet de mieux répartir la charge de la peau externe reprise par la peau interne du bardage. De préférence, le pied d'appui présente une surface plane 19 de largeur suffisante pour permettre la fixation du pied d'appui, au droit de la structure porteuse, sur le support placé en-dessous du support considéré. La fixation peut être assurée par des vis mais il est également possible de prévoir que, lors de la juxtaposition de ces deux supports, la surface plane 19 du support supérieur vienne s'emboiter sur le support inférieur dans une rainure prévue à cet effet à la surface de son panneau métallique 9. Un tel emboitement permet de rigidifier l'ensemble constitué par le sommet et les deux éléments de jonction sans recourir à des vis et d'ainsi améliorer la reprise de charge.The part of the second junction element 8 opposite the vertex 7 may be free. Preferably, however, it is equipped with a support foot 18 intended to improve the support of the element 8 on the bottom of the support adjacent to the support considered after placement of the double-skin cladding. This makes it possible to better distribute the load of the external skin taken up by the internal skin of the cladding. Preferably, the support foot has a flat surface 19 of sufficient width to allow attachment of the support foot, right of the supporting structure, on the support placed below the support considered. Fixing can be ensured by screws but it is also possible to provide that, when the two supports are juxtaposed, the flat surface 19 of the upper support comes to fit on the lower support in a groove provided for this purpose on the 9. Such a nesting makes it possible to stiffen the assembly constituted by the top and the two connecting elements without resorting to screws and thus to improve the load recovery.

En référence aux figures 3 et 4, on décrit un premier mode de réalisation d'un support selon l'invention.With reference to Figures 3 and 4 a first embodiment of a support according to the invention is described.

En référence à la figure 3, le support 2 comprend un fond 5, un sommet 7, des éléments de jonction 6, 8 formés d'un fil métallique de type rond à béton en forme de zig-zag et un pied d'appui 18.With reference to the figure 3 , the support 2 comprises a bottom 5, a vertex 7, junction elements 6, 8 formed of a zig-zag-shaped round steel wire and a support foot 18.

Le fond 5 comprend un panneau métallique 9 d'épaisseur E1 en tôle d'acier préalablement galvanisé présentant des raidisseurs 12 régulièrement répartis sur la surface. Les pièces d'extrémité longitudinale 10, 11 du fond 5 ont été obtenues par pliage des bords longitudinaux du panneau. Le sommet 7 comprend une zone de fixation plane d'épaisseur E2 en tôle d'acier préalablement galvanisé et des branches 16, 17 obtenues par pliage des bords longitudinaux du sommet.The bottom 5 comprises a metal panel 9 of thickness E1 galvanized steel sheet having stiffeners 12 regularly distributed on the surface. The longitudinal end pieces 10, 11 of the bottom 5 were obtained by folding the longitudinal edges of the panel. The top 7 comprises a planar fastening zone of thickness E2 made of galvanized steel sheet and branches 16, 17 obtained by folding the longitudinal edges of the crown.

Comme illustré à la figure 4, la première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 10 comprend en partant du panneau 9, un décrochement 20, un tenon 13 et un retour en Z 21. Le tenon 13 consiste en un pliage à bloc dans le sens longitudinal de la première pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 10. Le décrochement 20 consiste en une aile de nervure résultant d'un double pliage et située en amont du tenon de sorte à écarter ce dernier du plan du panneau 9 d'une distance approximativement égale à deux fois l'épaisseur E1 du panneau de façon à faciliter l'emboitement du tenon et de la mortaise comme on le verra ultérieurement. Le retour en Z 21 prolonge le tenon 13 vers l'intérieur du panneau. Il sert de support lors de l'empilement des supports pour leur stockage ou leur transport de sorte que deux supports successifs soient parallèles et que l'empilement soit stable. En conséquence, la partie haute du Z est séparée du panneau par une distance approximativement égale à l'écart séparant deux sommets 7 lors de leur empilement. La partie centrale du retour en Z sert quant à elle de butée au premier élément de jonction 6' du support adjacent en complément de l'emboitement tenon-mortaise et forme donc avec le tenon l'angle α. La butée renforce la tenue mécanique de l'assemblage de supports ainsi que l'étanchéité de la peau interne du bardage double-peau.As illustrated in figure 4 , the first longitudinal end piece 10 comprises starting from the panel 9, a recess 20, a pin 13 and a Z return 21. The post 13 consists of a block bending in the longitudinal direction of the first end piece longitudinal 10. The recess 20 consists of a rib wing resulting from a double folding and located upstream of the tenon so as to distance the latter from the plane of the panel 9 by a distance approximately equal to twice the thickness E1 of the panel in order to facilitate the interlocking of the tenon and mortise as will be seen later. The return Z 21 extends the post 13 towards the inside of the panel. It serves as a support when stacking supports for storage or transport so that two successive supports are parallel and the stack is stable. As a result, the upper part of the Z is separated from the panel by a distance approximately equal to the distance separating two vertices 7 during their stacking. The central part of the Z-shaped return serves as a stop for the first junction element 6 'of the adjacent support in addition to the tenon-mortise interlocking and thus forms with the tenon the angle α. The stop reinforces the mechanical strength of the assembly of supports as well as the tightness of the internal skin of the double-skin cladding.

Comme illustré à la figure 4, la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11' du support adjacent comprend, en partant du panneau 9', une mortaise 14' prolongée d'une attache 22'. La mortaise est de forme, d'orientation et de dimensions aptes à recevoir le pliage à bloc du tenon 13. En conséquence, elle consiste en un pliage à bloc dans le sens longitudinal de la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11' suivi d'un pliage en U, le diamètre intérieur du U étant approximativement égal à deux fois l'épaisseur E1. Un joint d'étanchéité est disposé au fond du U. L'attache 22' permet de fixer l'élément de jonction à la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale. Elle prolonge la mortaise en formant l'angle α avec elle. Elle consiste en une rainure longitudinale formée par la succession d'un pliage à bloc et d'un pliage en U, le diamètre intérieur du U étant approximativement égal à l'épaisseur de l'élément de jonction, de sorte que ce dernier s'insère dans la rainure longitudinale.As illustrated in figure 4 , the second longitudinal end piece 11 'of the adjacent support comprises, starting from the panel 9', a mortise 14 'extended by a fastener 22'. The mortise is of shape, orientation and dimensions adapted to receive the block folding of the pin 13. Consequently, it consists of a block folding in the longitudinal direction of the second longitudinal end piece 11 'followed by a U-fold, the inside diameter of the U being approximately equal to twice the thickness E1. A seal is disposed at the bottom of the U. The clip 22 'secures the connecting member to the second longitudinal end piece. It extends the mortise forming the angle α with it. It consists of a longitudinal groove formed by the succession of a block folding and a U-folding, the internal diameter of the U being approximately equal to the thickness of the connecting element, so that the latter inserts into the longitudinal groove.

Les branches 16', 17' ainsi que le pied d'appui comprennent la même attache 22'. Les attaches situées sur les branches forment l'angle α avec la zone de fixation tandis que l'attache située sur le pied d'appui forme l'angle α avec la surface plane 19'.The branches 16 ', 17' and the support foot comprise the same fastener 22 '. The fasteners on the branches form the angle α with the fastening zone while the fastener on the support foot forms the angle α with the flat surface 19 '.

Le fil métallique des éléments de jonction 6, 8 est conformé en zig-zag et inséré dans les rainures des attaches de sorte que :

  • un premier pli soit serti dans la rainure de l'attache de la branche 16, respectivement 17,
  • que le pli suivant soit serti dans la rainure de l'attache de la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale 11, respectivement du pied d'appui 18,
  • et ainsi de suite.
The wire of the connecting elements 6, 8 is shaped in zig-zag and inserted into the grooves of the fasteners so that:
  • a first fold is crimped into the groove of the fastener of the branch 16, respectively 17,
  • that the next fold is crimped in the groove of the fastener of the second longitudinal end piece 11, respectively of the support foot 18,
  • And so on.

Le support 2 ainsi obtenu a notamment pour particularité que le sommet et les deux éléments de jonction forment, en coupe, un trapèze ouvert à sa base. Cette configuration permet d'empiler plusieurs supports lors de leur stockage et de leur transport. Lors de l'assemblage de la peau interne du bardage double-peau, la base du trapèze d'un support donné est fermée par le support adjacent assurant ainsi l'étanchéité.The support 2 thus obtained has particular particularity that the top and the two connecting elements form, in section, a trapezium open at its base. This configuration makes it possible to stack several media during storage and transport. When assembling the inner skin of the double-skin cladding, the base of the trapezium of a given support is closed by the adjacent support thus ensuring sealing.

En référence à la figure 5, on décrit un second mode de réalisation d'un support selon l'invention.With reference to the figure 5 a second embodiment of a support according to the invention is described.

Ce support diffère du précédent en ce que :

  • le panneau 9 comprend une rainure 23 prévue pour l'emboitement du pied d'appui 18' du support supérieur,
  • en ce que les éléments de jonction sont formés d'un matériau plein isolant thermique,
  • en ce que le système de fixation des éléments de jonction sur le sommet et sur la deuxième pièce d'extrémité longitudinale est modifié.
This support differs from the previous one in that:
  • the panel 9 comprises a groove 23 provided for the interlocking of the support foot 18 'of the upper support,
  • in that the connecting elements are formed of a solid thermal insulating material,
  • in that the fixing system of the connecting elements on the top and on the second longitudinal end piece is modified.

La rainure 23 est de forme, d'orientation et de dimensions aptes à recevoir la surface plane 19' du pied d'appui. En conséquence, elle consiste en un pliage à bloc dans le sens longitudinal du panneau 9 suivi d'un pliage en U, le diamètre intérieur du U étant approximativement égal à l'épaisseur du pied d'appui. La rainure est précédée d'un décrochement 24 destiné à l'écarter du plan du panneau 9 de sorte que, après emboitement du pied d'appui 18' dans la rainure 23, les supports 9 et 9' soient dans le même plan. Ce décrochement consiste en un double pliage longitudinal en Z.The groove 23 is of shape, orientation and dimensions adapted to receive the flat surface 19 'of the support foot. Accordingly, it consists of a block bend in the longitudinal direction of the panel 9 followed by a U-fold, the inner diameter of the U being approximately equal to the thickness of the support foot. The groove is preceded by a recess 24 to move away from the plane of the panel 9 so that, after engagement of the support foot 18 'in the groove 23, the supports 9 and 9' are in the same plane. This recess consists of a double longitudinal Z fold.

Les éléments de jonction se présentent sous la forme d'un panneau en matériau plein isolant thermique dont les extrémités longitudinales comprennent des rainures longitudinales 25' et 26'.The joining elements are in the form of a panel of heat-insulating solid material whose longitudinal ends comprise longitudinal grooves 25 'and 26'.

Les attaches 22' consistent en un pliage à bloc dans le sens longitudinal respectivement des branches, du pied d'appui et de la deuxième pièce d'extrémité. Ce pliage à bloc s'insère dans les rainures respectivement 25' et 26'.The fasteners 22 'consist of a block bend in the longitudinal direction respectively of the legs, the support foot and the second end piece. This block bend fits into the grooves respectively 25 'and 26'.

Bien que la description et les exemples aient porté sur l'utilisation du support pour la réalisation de bardage double-peau et de toiture double-peau, le support selon l'invention ne se limite pas à ces utilisations. En particulier, il pourra être utilisé en tant que coffrage pour la réalisation de planchers mixtes acier-béton obtenus par coulage d'une dalle en béton sur le coffrage.Although the description and examples have focused on the use of the support for the realization of double-skin cladding and double-skin roofing, the support according to the invention is not limited to these uses. In particular, it can be used as formwork for the realization of mixed steel-concrete floors obtained by pouring a concrete slab on the formwork.

Claims (15)

  1. A support (2) for a building comprising an assembly of at least:
    - a bottom (5) comprising a metal panel (9) as well as a first longitudinal end piece (10) and a second longitudinal end piece (11) of at least locally mating shapes so that one of the longitudinal end pieces may fit into each other,
    - a first junction element (6) extending from the second longitudinal end piece (11) by forming an obtuse angle α with the panel (9),
    - an apex (7) comprising an attachment area (15) and a first branch (16) extending from a longitudinal edge of the attachment area (15), this apex extending outwards from the first junction element (6),
    characterized in that the first junction element (6) is at least partly secured to the second longitudinal end piece (11) and in that the first branch is at least partly secured to the first junction element,
    the nature, the shape, and the layout of the first junction element (6) being configured so that the first junction element is a thermal bridge breaker.
  2. The support according to claim 1, comprising a second junction element (8) extending from the apex (7) and approximately up to the vertical of the panel (9) by forming an obtuse angle (β) with the attachment area and being at least partly secured to a second branch (17) extending from the other longitudinal edge of the attachment area, the nature, the shape, and the layout of the second junction element (6) being configured so that the second junction element is a thermal bridge breaker.
  3. The support according to claim 2, for which the second junction element (8) is equipped with a supporting leg (18).
  4. The support according to claim 3, for which the metal panel (9) comprises a groove (23) intended for fitting the supporting leg (18).
  5. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the first longitudinal end piece (10) comprises a tenon (13) and the second longitudinal end piece (11) comprises a mortise (14).
  6. The support according to claim 5, for which the tenon (13) and the mortise (14) are approximately found in the same plane as the metal panel (9).
  7. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the first and second longitudinal end pieces (10, 11) are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the metal panel (9).
  8. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the attachment area (15) is in a steel metal sheet with a thickness greater than the thickness of the metal panel (9).
  9. The support according to claim 8, for which the attachment area (15) is in a steel metal sheet with a thickness greater than or equal to 1.5 mm.
  10. The support according to any of claims 2-9 for which the branches (16, 17) are obtained by shaping the longitudinal edges of the attachment area (15).
  11. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the first branch (16, 17) comprises an attachment (22) comprising a longitudinal groove into which is inserted the junction element (6).
  12. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the junction element (6) comprises a part made in a material selected from among solid or openworked thermally insulating materials and thermal conductive materials for which the shape and the layout give the possibility of limiting the thermal bridge.
  13. The support according to any of the preceding claims for which the junction element (6) is a zig-zag shaped metal wire.
  14. Double-skin cladding comprising an assembly of at least two supports for buildings according to any of claims 1 to 12, the first longitudinal end piece (10) of a given support being fitted into the second longitudinal end piece (11) of the adjacent support.
  15. The use of the support for buildings according to any of claims 1 to 12, for manufacturing a mixed steel-concrete floor.
EP13773337.4A 2013-08-27 2013-08-27 Support for a building Not-in-force EP3055465B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2013/001844 WO2015028834A1 (en) 2013-08-27 2013-08-27 Support for a building

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EP3055465A1 EP3055465A1 (en) 2016-08-17
EP3055465B1 true EP3055465B1 (en) 2017-10-04

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EP (1) EP3055465B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015028834A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3085367A (en) * 1959-11-27 1963-04-16 Reynolds Metals Co Interlocking extruded wall panelling
DE2418009A1 (en) * 1973-04-16 1974-10-31 Pjk Projects Ltd PREFABRICATED PANEL PANELS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WALL PANELS
US4453364A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-06-12 Ting Raymond M L Corrugated steel decking section
DE3743553C2 (en) * 1987-12-22 1998-04-09 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Profile panel, consisting of load-bearing and space-enclosing sections
CA2121965C (en) * 1994-04-22 2002-05-28 Paul Mayrand Composite structural steel wall reinforced with concrete and mold therefor
FR2770240B1 (en) * 1997-10-27 1999-12-03 Haironville Sa PROFILE AND BUILDING WALL COMPRISING AN ASSEMBLY OF SUCH PROFILES
FR2831573B1 (en) * 2001-10-25 2004-04-23 Usinor CLADDING TRAY, AND WALL FORMED FROM SUCH TRAYS
FI114495B (en) 2001-11-19 2004-10-29 Rautaruukki Oyj Exterior wall panel and a corresponding wall construction

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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WO2015028834A1 (en) 2015-03-05

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