EP1678389B1 - Large-span self-supporting metal formwork - Google Patents

Large-span self-supporting metal formwork Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1678389B1
EP1678389B1 EP04817218.3A EP04817218A EP1678389B1 EP 1678389 B1 EP1678389 B1 EP 1678389B1 EP 04817218 A EP04817218 A EP 04817218A EP 1678389 B1 EP1678389 B1 EP 1678389B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profiled panel
panel according
lateral
profiled
central area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP04817218.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1678389A1 (en
Inventor
Léopold SOKOL
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ArcelorMittal SA
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ArcelorMittal SA
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Publication of EP1678389A1 publication Critical patent/EP1678389A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a profile panel for long-span formwork intended, in particular, for the manufacture of concrete slabs.
  • floors are made in the form of concrete slabs, pouring concrete on a formwork consisting of an assembly of metal panels whose ends rest on transverse beams through connecting pieces.
  • a formwork consisting of an assembly of metal panels whose ends rest on transverse beams through connecting pieces.
  • the panels constitute a platform of circulation and work for the personnel who intervenes on the building site.
  • metal panels remain in place and serve as additional reinforcement to the concrete slab.
  • Such formwork is called "freestanding formwork”.
  • omega-shaped metal section panels which have a ribbed upper central zone framed by two inclined cores each extended by a ribbed lower horizontal flange.
  • Each core has two longitudinal folds, one disposed near the central beach and the other near the bottom flange, intended to increase rigidity.
  • the ribs of the upper central beach are arranged near the banks thereof and the ribs of the lower flanges are arranged at mid-width of the flanges.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a profiled panel optimized so, in particular, to be able to reach a range of up to 6m, and easy to achieve by profiling.
  • the part of the lateral wing intended to work in compression is comprised in the upper half of the lateral wing close to the upper central zone, and the part of the lateral wing intended to work in tension comprises at least the lower half of the lateral wing adjacent to a lower sole.
  • At least one side wing may comprise a vertical notch disposed between the at least one stiffening fold and the corresponding lower sole.
  • At least one bottom flange comprises on its outer lateral edge an edge stiffener constituted for example by a raised edge.
  • the bottom of at least one sole is flat and does not include an intermediate stiffener.
  • the angle ⁇ that forms a lateral wing with a plane parallel to the upper central range is between 74.8 ° and 79.8 °.
  • the width P e of the lateral band of the upper central region extending between the lateral edge of the upper central zone and the edge of the longitudinal rib disposed on the side of said lateral edge of the upper central zone is greater than 8% of the width l pc of the upper central range, and the width l c of the notched zone of the upper central range is preferably greater than 60% and more preferably 75% of the width l pc of said central range.
  • the length of the profiled panel may be greater than 5.7 m.
  • the profiled panel is for example made of steel and preferably of galvanized steel, and can be manufactured by profiling and its thickness is preferably between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the profiled panel thus produced has the advantage of making it possible to increase the payload and to increase the range of the formwork, while facilitating the profiling operation, in particular by simplifying the profiling tool required.
  • the profiled panel is particularly suitable for the realization of floor slabs for car parks, industrial buildings, sales stores, storage warehouses, or any other similar building.
  • the invention also relates to a floor comprising a concrete slab cast on a self-supporting formwork consisting of adjacent profiled panels according to the invention, assembled by seaming, supported by transverse beams.
  • a profile panel for formwork according to the invention has a transverse profile of the omega type as represented in figure 1 . Due to this omega profile, the profiled panel comprises, on its longitudinal central portion, an upper central region 1 extending in the length direction.
  • This upper central zone 1 comprises two longitudinal ribs 4 and 4 'separated by a notch 5. These longitudinal ribs 4, 4', as well as the notch 5, are intended to give the upper central zone 1, sufficient rigidity so that, when the panel is placed on beams during the manufacture of a floor, the surface constituted by the upper central area 1 can serve as a working surface and traffic area for workers working on the site.
  • the central area 1 is extended on either side, according to its lateral edges, by two inclined wings 2 and 2 ', extending towards the underside of the panel and towards the outside of the panel, so as to form a trapezium flared downward (relative to the orientation of the figure which corresponds to the orientation of the panel when it is used).
  • the lateral wings 2 and 2 'each comprise a longitudinal stiffener 6 and 6' extending over the entire length of the panel.
  • Each stiffener 6 or 6 ' consists of two folds which form a slight recess in the side wing.
  • Each lateral wing 2 and 2 ' extends in its lower part by a sole 3 or 3', horizontal, extending outwardly of the panel.
  • the lateral edges of each of the flanges are extended by flanges 9 or 9 'raised upwards. These flanges 9 or 9 'raised up serve as stiffeners.
  • the panels 11 undergo bending forces such that the upper portions 13 of the lateral wings are subjected to compression stresses, and the lower portions 14 of the lateral wings are subjected to tensile stresses, especially in the longitudinal direction.
  • the relative importance of the tensile and compression zones depends on different geometric parameters such as wing height, concrete layer thickness, panel length and width. Those skilled in the art can determine from these parameters what is the importance of the areas subjected to traction and the importance of the areas subjected to compression.
  • the profiled panels according to the invention comprise wings 2, 2 'whose only part intended to work in compression comprises a longitudinal stiffener 6, 6', and whose part intended to work in tension, does not comprise any longitudinal stiffener and therefore is flat at least in the transverse direction.
  • Each wing 2 or 2 'therefore has in its upper part an upper range 7 or 7' plane, of width a s and, in its lower part, a lower range 8 or 8 'plane at least in the transverse direction.
  • the upper ranges 7 or 7 ' are separated from the lower ranges 8 or 8' by the stiffeners 6 or 6 ', of width U ra .
  • the lower range 8, 8 'plane in the transverse direction is not necessarily plane in the longitudinal direction. Indeed, the mechanical behavior of the profiled panel can be improved by providing a vertical detent on the part of the wing which is in the part intended to work in tension.
  • Vertical notching means a notch consisting of notches each extending in the direction of the height of the wing.
  • the zone intended to work in compression represents at most half the height of the wing, and the part intended for to work in traction is at least half the height of the wing. Therefore, the width a s of the upper range 7 or 7 'of the wing is preferably less than half the width of the wing, and the width of the lower range 8 or 8' of the wing is greater than half the width of the wing.
  • the wings thus made have an improved fire resistance.
  • the inventors have also found that by appropriately choosing the angle ⁇ that forms a wing with a horizontal plane parallel to the plane of the panel, that is to say in the plane of the upper central range, one could optimize the weight of the sheet and the weight of concrete, and ultimately optimize the useful reach of a floor element.
  • the angle ⁇ must be between 60 ° and 80 °. If the angle is too small, although the weight of the sheet is reduced, the weight of the concrete is substantially increased and the wear is reduced.
  • calculation codes are provided for angles greater than 60% and the use of lower angles requires prior agreement. If the angle is greater than 80 °, it is no longer possible to stack and depilate the panels easily. But more specifically, the inventors have found that the range was optimized for an angle ⁇ between 74.8 ° and 79.8 °.
  • the soles 3 and 3 'of the profiled panel are flat and do not have central longitudinal stiffeners. However, each sole 3 or 3 'has on its outer side edge, an edge stiffener. This edge stiffener is constituted by a raised edge 9, 9 '.
  • the inventors have indeed found that by not providing a stiffener in the axial portion of the sole, but providing an edge stiffener, improved the mechanical behavior of the panel, and it facilitated the implementation, in particular by rendering the junctions between two adjacent panels more sealed, which is useful when pouring concrete, while resulting in a profile easier to achieve by profiling.
  • the width P e of the portion 21 or 21 'of the upper central zone 1 situated between the rim of the upper central zone 1 and the edge of a longitudinal rib 4 or 4' may be greater than or equal to 8% of the width I pc of the upper central range 1.
  • the width l c of the notched zone 5 of the upper range 1 may have a width greater than or equal to 60% or better 75% of the width l pc of the range. upper central 1.
  • the height h of a side wing 2 may be slightly less than the height h 'of the other side wing 2', the difference in height being equal to the thickness of the sheet of which the profiled panel is formed.
  • the width Sm of the lateral sole 3 corresponding to the first lateral wing 2 may be slightly less than the width s m 'of the lateral sole 3' corresponding to the other lateral wing so that when two panels are arranged adjacently, the side flange of one of the panels can fit perfectly into the side flange of the adjacent panel.
  • the two upper central areas of the two panels are at the same height.
  • the profiled panel has a useful width which is in general between 650 mm and 800 mm, a height h of between 200 mm and 220 mm, and may have a length exceeding 5.7 m and even reach 6.2 m, way to allow to realize formwork having a range of about 6 m.
  • the usable width corresponds to the module or step of the self-supporting formwork and corresponds to the distance l between the axes of two adjacent panels or, which amounts to the same, the axes of the two lower flanges of the same panel.
  • the panel is made of galvanized steel and manufactured by profiling a sheet of thickness between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness must be greater than 0.9 mm to ensure sufficient rigidity.
  • the thickness should preferably be less than 1.5 mm in order to limit the weight of the panels. Indeed, it must be able to be manipulated manually to be implemented, especially in multi-storey buildings.
  • the dimensions of the longitudinal stiffeners 4, 4 'of the upper central zone 1 are preferably such that the opening U sp is between 25 and 45 mm, the width of the bottom U ip is between 0 and 15 mm, and the height H rp is between 10 and 25 mm.
  • the dimensions of the longitudinal stiffeners 6, 6 'of the wings 2, 2' are such that the width U ra is between 20 and 40 mm, and the height H ra is between 15 and 25 mm.
  • the width of the stiffener of the sole edge b is between 15 and 25 mm.
  • the stiffeners are arranged such that the distance P e between the rim of a longitudinal stiffener 4 or 4 'of the upper central region 1 and the rim of said upper region 1 is between 40 and 60 mm, the distance P i between the flange of the same stiffener 4 or 4 'and the beginning of the notched range 5 is between 40 and 60 mm.
  • the distance a s between the upper edge of the lateral flange 2 or 2 'and the longitudinal stiffener 6 or 6' of the lateral flange is preferably between 40 and 80 mm.
  • the exact values of the parameters that define the geometry of the profiled panel can be optimized by calculation or experimentation so as to obtain the panel having the best possible mechanical behavior over the most important length.
  • the panel provides useful ranges of about 6 m.
  • its profile consists only of simple folds that can be easily manufactured by profiling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un panneau profilé pour coffrage à longue portée destiné, notamment, à la fabrication de dalles en béton.The present invention relates to a profile panel for long-span formwork intended, in particular, for the manufacture of concrete slabs.

Dans différents types de bâtiments, on réalise des planchers sous forme de dalles en béton, en coulant du béton sur un coffrage constitué d'un assemblage de panneaux métalliques dont les extrémités reposent sur des poutres transversales par l'intermédiaire de pièces de liaison. Pendant la réalisation des planchers, et avant que le béton soit coulé, les panneaux constituent une plate-forme de circulation et de travail pour le personnel qui intervient sur le chantier. Après solidification du béton, des panneaux métalliques restent en place et servent d'armature supplémentaire à la dalle de béton. Un tel coffrage est appelé "coffrage autoportant".In different types of buildings, floors are made in the form of concrete slabs, pouring concrete on a formwork consisting of an assembly of metal panels whose ends rest on transverse beams through connecting pieces. During the construction of the floors, and before the concrete is poured, the panels constitute a platform of circulation and work for the personnel who intervenes on the building site. After solidification of the concrete, metal panels remain in place and serve as additional reinforcement to the concrete slab. Such formwork is called "freestanding formwork".

Pour fabriquer des coffrages autoportants, on utilise des panneaux profilés métalliques de section en forme d'oméga comportant une plage centrale supérieure nervurée encadrée par deux âmes inclinées prolongées chacune par une semelle horizontale inférieure nervurée. Chaque âme comporte deux plis longitudinaux, l'un disposé près de la plage centrale et l'autre près de la semelle inférieure, destinés à augmenter la rigidité. Les nervures de la plage centrale supérieure sont disposées à proximité des rives de celle-ci et les nervures des semelles inférieures sont disposées à mi-largeur des semelles.To manufacture self-supporting formwork, omega-shaped metal section panels are used which have a ribbed upper central zone framed by two inclined cores each extended by a ribbed lower horizontal flange. Each core has two longitudinal folds, one disposed near the central beach and the other near the bottom flange, intended to increase rigidity. The ribs of the upper central beach are arranged near the banks thereof and the ribs of the lower flanges are arranged at mid-width of the flanges.

Le document DE-4215686 C décrit un panneau profilé selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document DE-4215686C discloses a profiled panel according to the preamble of claim 1.

Du fait de leur performances mécaniques, de tels panneaux présentent l'inconvénient de ne pas permettre de dépasser une portée d'environ 5,50 m. En outre la résistance mécanique des planchers obtenus ainsi que la protection de l'armature contre le feu ne sont pas toujours optimales. Enfin ces profiles sont parfois difficiles à réaliser de façon simple par pliage ou par profilage.Because of their mechanical performance, such panels have the disadvantage of not allowing to exceed a range of about 5.50 m. In addition, the mechanical strength of the floors obtained as well as the protection of the frame against fire are not always optimal. Finally these profiles are sometimes difficult to achieve simply by folding or profiling.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un panneau profilé optimisé de façon, notamment, à pouvoir atteindre une portée pouvant atteindre 6m, et facile à réaliser par profilage.The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a profiled panel optimized so, in particular, to be able to reach a range of up to 6m, and easy to achieve by profiling.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet, un panneau profilé selon la revendication 1 pour coffrage à longue portée ayant un profil du type oméga, le panneau profilé comportant :

  • une seule plage centrale supérieure horizontale s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal du panneau profilé et comportant deux nervures longitudinales séparées par un crantage transversal,
  • deux ailes latérales inclinées prolongeant la plage centrale de chaque côté de la plage centrale, s'étendant vers le dessous et vers l'extérieur de la plage centrale, et comportant chacune au moins un pli raidisseur longitudinal,
  • et deux semelles inférieures horizontales prolongeant latéralement les ailes latérales et s'étendant vers l'extérieur du panneau profilé. Le panneau profilé est tel que l'au moins un pli raidisseur longitudinal de chaque aile laterale est disposé dans la partie de l'aile latérale destinée à travailler en compression lorsque le panneau profilé est disposé sur une structure et recouvert de béton, et la partie destinée à travailler en traction ne comporte pas de pli raidisseur longitudinal.
For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a profiled panel according to claim 1 for long-span formwork having an omega type profile, the profiled panel comprising:
  • a single upper horizontal central zone extending in the longitudinal direction of the profiled panel and comprising two longitudinal ribs separated by a transverse notch,
  • two inclined lateral wings extending the central beach on each side of the central beach, extending towards the bottom and towards the outside of the central beach, and each comprising at least one longitudinal stiffening fold,
  • and two horizontal lower flanges laterally extending the lateral flanges and extending outwardly of the profiled panel. The profiled panel is such that the at least one longitudinal stiffening fold of each lateral wing is disposed in the part of the lateral wing intended to work in compression when the profiled panel is placed on a structure and covered with concrete, and the part intended to work in traction does not comprise longitudinal stiffening fold.

La partie de l'aile laterale destinée à travailler en compression est comprise dans la moitié supérieure de l'aile latérale voisine de la plage centrale supérieure, et la partie de l'aile laterale destinée à travailler en traction comprend au moins la moitié inférieure de l'aile latérale voisine d'une semelle inférieure.The part of the lateral wing intended to work in compression is comprised in the upper half of the lateral wing close to the upper central zone, and the part of the lateral wing intended to work in tension comprises at least the lower half of the lateral wing adjacent to a lower sole.

Au moins une aile latérale peut comporter un crantage vertical disposé entre l'au moins un pli raidisseur et la semelle inférieure correspondante.At least one side wing may comprise a vertical notch disposed between the at least one stiffening fold and the corresponding lower sole.

De préférence, au moins une semelle inférieure comporte sur son bord latéral externe un raidisseur de bord constitué par exemple par un bord relevé.Preferably, at least one bottom flange comprises on its outer lateral edge an edge stiffener constituted for example by a raised edge.

De préférence, le fond d'au moins une semelle est plat et ne comporte pas de raidisseur intermédiaire.Preferably, the bottom of at least one sole is flat and does not include an intermediate stiffener.

De préférence, l'angle α que forme une aile latérale avec un plan parallèle à la plage centrale supérieure est compris entre 74,8° et 79,8°.Preferably, the angle α that forms a lateral wing with a plane parallel to the upper central range is between 74.8 ° and 79.8 °.

De préférence également, la largeur Pe de la bande latérale de la plage centrale supérieure s'étendant entre le bord latéral de la plage centrale supérieure et le bord de la nervure longitudinale disposée du côté dudit bord latéral de la plage centrale supérieure est supérieure à 8 % de la largeur lpc de la plage centrale supérieure, et la largeur lc de la zone crantée de la plage centrale supérieure est de préférence supérieure à 60 % et mieux 75 % de la largeur lpc de ladite plage centrale.Also preferably, the width P e of the lateral band of the upper central region extending between the lateral edge of the upper central zone and the edge of the longitudinal rib disposed on the side of said lateral edge of the upper central zone is greater than 8% of the width l pc of the upper central range, and the width l c of the notched zone of the upper central range is preferably greater than 60% and more preferably 75% of the width l pc of said central range.

La longueur du panneau profilé peut être supérieure à 5,7 m.The length of the profiled panel may be greater than 5.7 m.

Le panneau profilé est par exemple en acier et de préférence, en acier galvanisé, et peut être fabriqué par profilage et son épaisseur est, de préférence comprise entre 0,9 mm et 1,5 mm.The profiled panel is for example made of steel and preferably of galvanized steel, and can be manufactured by profiling and its thickness is preferably between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm.

Le panneau profilé ainsi réalisé présente l'avantage de permettre d'augmenter la charge utile et d'augmenter la portée du coffrage, tout en facilitant l'opération de profilage, notamment en simplifiant l'outil de profilage nécessaire.The profiled panel thus produced has the advantage of making it possible to increase the payload and to increase the range of the formwork, while facilitating the profiling operation, in particular by simplifying the profiling tool required.

Le panneau profilé est particulièrement adapté à la réalisation de dalles de plancher pour parkings, bâtiments industriels, magasins de vente, magasins de stockage, ou tout autre bâtiment analogue.The profiled panel is particularly suitable for the realization of floor slabs for car parks, industrial buildings, sales stores, storage warehouses, or any other similar building.

L'invention concerne également un plancher comportant une dalle en béton coulé sur un coffrage autoportant constitué de panneaux profilés adjacents selon l'invention, assemblés par couturage, supportés par des poutres transversales.The invention also relates to a floor comprising a concrete slab cast on a self-supporting formwork consisting of adjacent profiled panels according to the invention, assembled by seaming, supported by transverse beams.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite de façon plus précise mais non limitative, en regard des figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique du profil transversal d'un panneau profilé,
  • la figure 2 est une représentation partielle d'un coffrage autoportant.
The invention will now be described in a more precise but nonlimiting manner, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic view of the transverse profile of a profiled panel,
  • the figure 2 is a partial representation of a freestanding formwork.

Un panneau profilé pour coffrage selon l'invention, de forme généralement rectangulaire, comporte un profil transversale du type oméga tel que représenté à la figure 1. Du fait de ce profil en oméga, le panneau profilé comporte, sur sa partie centrale longitudinale, une plage centrale supérieure 1 s'étendant dans le sens de la longueur. Cette plage centrale supérieure 1 comporte deux nervures longitudinales 4 et 4' séparées par un crantage 5. Ces nervures longitudinales 4, 4', ainsi que le crantage 5, sont destinés à donner à la plage centrale supérieure 1, une rigidité suffisante pour que, lorsque le panneau est posé sur des poutres lors de la fabrication d'un plancher, la surface constituée par la plage centrale supérieure 1 puisse servir de surface de travail et de surface de circulation pour les ouvriers travaillant sur le chantier.A profile panel for formwork according to the invention, of generally rectangular shape, has a transverse profile of the omega type as represented in figure 1 . Due to this omega profile, the profiled panel comprises, on its longitudinal central portion, an upper central region 1 extending in the length direction. This upper central zone 1 comprises two longitudinal ribs 4 and 4 'separated by a notch 5. These longitudinal ribs 4, 4', as well as the notch 5, are intended to give the upper central zone 1, sufficient rigidity so that, when the panel is placed on beams during the manufacture of a floor, the surface constituted by the upper central area 1 can serve as a working surface and traffic area for workers working on the site.

La plage centrale 1 est prolongée de part et d'autre, selon ses bords latéraux, par deux ailes 2 et 2', inclinées, s'étendant vers le dessous du panneau et vers l'extérieur du panneau, de façon à former un trapèze évasé vers le bas (par rapport à l'orientation de la figure qui correspond à l'orientation du panneau lorsqu'il est utilisé). Les ailes latérales 2 et 2', comportent chacune un raidisseur 6 et 6' longitudinal s'étendant sur toute la longueur du panneau. Chaque raidisseur 6 ou 6' est constitué de deux plis qui forment un léger décrochement dans l'aile latérale. Chaque aile latérale 2 et 2', se prolonge dans sa partie inférieure par une semelle 3 ou 3', horizontale, s'étendant vers l'extérieur du panneau. Les bord latéraux de chacune des semelles sont prolongés par des rebords 9 ou 9' relevés vers le haut. Ces rebords 9 ou 9' relevés vers le haut servent de raidisseurs.The central area 1 is extended on either side, according to its lateral edges, by two inclined wings 2 and 2 ', extending towards the underside of the panel and towards the outside of the panel, so as to form a trapezium flared downward (relative to the orientation of the figure which corresponds to the orientation of the panel when it is used). The lateral wings 2 and 2 'each comprise a longitudinal stiffener 6 and 6' extending over the entire length of the panel. Each stiffener 6 or 6 'consists of two folds which form a slight recess in the side wing. Each lateral wing 2 and 2 ', extends in its lower part by a sole 3 or 3', horizontal, extending outwardly of the panel. The lateral edges of each of the flanges are extended by flanges 9 or 9 'raised upwards. These flanges 9 or 9 'raised up serve as stiffeners.

Lorsque un tel panneau 11 est utilisé dans un coffrage autoportant tel que représenté à la figure 2, il s'appuie par l'intermédiaire de leviers 12 sur deux poutres 10 parallèles entre elles, espacées d'une longueur proche de la longueur du panneau. Plusieurs panneaux 11 sont disposés ainsi de façon adjacente, et les semelles latérales (non visibles sur la figure) de deux panneaux adjacents sont emboîtées l'une dans l'autre et solidarisées par coutûrage. Cet ensemble constitue un coffrage continu sur lequel on coule du béton de façon à former une dalle qui s'étend sur la surface du coffrage.When such a panel 11 is used in a self-supporting formwork as shown in FIG. figure 2 it is supported by levers 12 on two beams 10 parallel to each other, spaced apart by a length close to the length of the panel. Several panels 11 are thus disposed in an adjacent manner, and the lateral flanges (not visible in the figure) of two adjacent panels are nested one inside the other and secured by means of packing. This assembly constitutes a continuous formwork on which concrete is poured so as to form a slab which extends on the surface of the formwork.

Lorsque le béton est coulé sur le coffrage, les panneaux 11 subissent des efforts de flexion tels que les parties supérieures 13 des ailes latérales sont soumises à des contraintes de compression, et les parties inférieures 14 des ailes latérales sont soumises à des contraintes de traction, notamment dans le sens longitudinal. L'importance relative des zones soumises à la traction et des zones soumises à la compression dépend de différents paramètres géométriques tels que la hauteur des ailes, l'épaisseur de la couche de béton, la longueur et la largeur des panneaux. L'homme du métier sait déterminer à partir de ces paramètres quelle est l'importance des zones soumises à la traction et l'importance des zones soumises à la compression.When the concrete is poured on the formwork, the panels 11 undergo bending forces such that the upper portions 13 of the lateral wings are subjected to compression stresses, and the lower portions 14 of the lateral wings are subjected to tensile stresses, especially in the longitudinal direction. The relative importance of the tensile and compression zones depends on different geometric parameters such as wing height, concrete layer thickness, panel length and width. Those skilled in the art can determine from these parameters what is the importance of the areas subjected to traction and the importance of the areas subjected to compression.

Les inventeurs ont constaté de façon nouvelle et surprenante que le comportement mécanique d'un tel panneau profilé est très nettement amélioré lorsqu'on ne prévoit de raidisseur que dans la partie de l'aile soumise à des efforts de compression. De ce fait, les panneaux profilés selon l'invention comportent des ailes 2, 2' dont seule la partie destinée à travailler en compression comporte un raidisseur longitudinal 6, 6', et dont la partie destinée à travailler en traction, ne comporte pas de raidisseur longitudinal et par conséquent, est plane au moins dans le sens transversal. Chaque aile 2 ou 2' comporte donc dans sa partie supérieure une plage supérieure 7 ou 7' plane, de largeur as et, dans sa partie inférieure, une plage inférieure 8 ou 8' plane au moins dans le sens transversal. Les plages supérieures 7 ou 7' sont séparées des plages inférieures 8 ou 8' par les raidisseurs 6 ou 6', de largeur Ura. La plage inférieure 8, 8' plane dans le sens transversal n'est pas nécessairement plane dans le sens longitudinal. En effet, le comportement mécanique du panneau profilé peut être amélioré en prévoyant un crantage vertical sur la partie de l'aile qui se trouve dans la partie destinée à travailler en traction. Par crantage vertical, on entend un crantage constitué de crans s'étendant chacun dans le sens de la hauteur de l'aile.The inventors have found in a new and surprising way that the mechanical behavior of such a profiled panel is very much improved when only a stiffener is provided in the part of the wing subjected to compression forces. Therefore, the profiled panels according to the invention comprise wings 2, 2 'whose only part intended to work in compression comprises a longitudinal stiffener 6, 6', and whose part intended to work in tension, does not comprise any longitudinal stiffener and therefore is flat at least in the transverse direction. Each wing 2 or 2 'therefore has in its upper part an upper range 7 or 7' plane, of width a s and, in its lower part, a lower range 8 or 8 'plane at least in the transverse direction. The upper ranges 7 or 7 'are separated from the lower ranges 8 or 8' by the stiffeners 6 or 6 ', of width U ra . The lower range 8, 8 'plane in the transverse direction is not necessarily plane in the longitudinal direction. Indeed, the mechanical behavior of the profiled panel can be improved by providing a vertical detent on the part of the wing which is in the part intended to work in tension. Vertical notching means a notch consisting of notches each extending in the direction of the height of the wing.

D'une façon générale, la zone destinée à travailler en compression représente au maximum la moitié de la hauteur de l'aile, et la partie destinée à travailler en traction représente au moins la moitié de la hauteur de l'aile. De ce fait, la largeur as de la plage supérieure 7 ou 7' de l'aile est de préférence inférieure à la moitié de la largeur de l'aile, et la largeur de la plage inférieure 8 ou 8' de l'aile est supérieure à la moitié de la largeur de l'aile.In general, the zone intended to work in compression represents at most half the height of the wing, and the part intended for to work in traction is at least half the height of the wing. Therefore, the width a s of the upper range 7 or 7 'of the wing is preferably less than half the width of the wing, and the width of the lower range 8 or 8' of the wing is greater than half the width of the wing.

Les ailes ainsi réalisées ont une tenue au feu améliorée. Les inventeurs ont également constate qu'en choisissant convenablement l'angle α que forme une aile avec un plan horizontal parallèle au plan du panneau, c'est à dire au plan de la plage centrale supérieure, on pouvait optimiser le poids de la tôle et le poids du béton, et finalement optimiser la portée utile d'un élément de plancher. En particulier pour obtenir des résultats satisfaisants, l'angle α doit être compris entre 60° et 80°. Si l'angle est trop faible, bien que le poids de la tôle soit réduit, le poids du béton est sensiblement augmenté et la porté est réduite. En outre, les codes de calculs sont prévus pour des angles supérieurs à 60 % et l'utilisation d'angles plus faibles nécessitent une obtention d'accords préalables. Si l'angle est supérieur à 80°, il n'est plus possible d'empiler et de dépiler facilement les panneaux. Mais plus précisément, les inventeurs ont constaté que la portée était optimisée pour un angle α compris entre 74,8° et 79,8°.The wings thus made have an improved fire resistance. The inventors have also found that by appropriately choosing the angle α that forms a wing with a horizontal plane parallel to the plane of the panel, that is to say in the plane of the upper central range, one could optimize the weight of the sheet and the weight of concrete, and ultimately optimize the useful reach of a floor element. In particular, to obtain satisfactory results, the angle α must be between 60 ° and 80 °. If the angle is too small, although the weight of the sheet is reduced, the weight of the concrete is substantially increased and the wear is reduced. In addition, calculation codes are provided for angles greater than 60% and the use of lower angles requires prior agreement. If the angle is greater than 80 °, it is no longer possible to stack and depilate the panels easily. But more specifically, the inventors have found that the range was optimized for an angle α between 74.8 ° and 79.8 °.

Les semelles 3 et 3' du panneau profilé sont planes et ne comportent pas de raidisseurs longitudinaux centraux. Cependant, chaque semelle 3 ou 3' comporte sur son bord latéral externe, un raidisseur de bord. Ce raidisseur de bord est constitué par un bord relevé 9, 9'. Les inventeurs ont en effet constaté qu'en ne prévoyant pas de raidisseur dans la partie axiale de la semelle, mais en prévoyant un raidisseur de bord, on améliorait le comportement mécanique du panneau, et on facilitait la mise en oeuvre, en particulier en rendant les jonctions entre deux panneaux adjacents plus étanches, ce qui est utile lors du coulage du béton, tout en aboutissant à un profil plus facile à réaliser par profilage.The soles 3 and 3 'of the profiled panel are flat and do not have central longitudinal stiffeners. However, each sole 3 or 3 'has on its outer side edge, an edge stiffener. This edge stiffener is constituted by a raised edge 9, 9 '. The inventors have indeed found that by not providing a stiffener in the axial portion of the sole, but providing an edge stiffener, improved the mechanical behavior of the panel, and it facilitated the implementation, in particular by rendering the junctions between two adjacent panels more sealed, which is useful when pouring concrete, while resulting in a profile easier to achieve by profiling.

Enfin, la largeur Pe de la partie 21 ou 21' de la plage centrale supérieure 1 située entre le rebord de la plage centrale supérieure 1 et le bord d'une nervure longitudinale 4 ou 4', peut être supérieure ou égale à 8% de la largeur Ipc de la plage centrale supérieure 1. En outre la largeur lc de la zone crantée 5 de la plage supérieure 1 peut avoir une largeur supérieure ou égale à 60% ou mieux 75% de la largeur lpc de la plage centrale supérieure 1. Ces dispositions géométriques sont également nécessaires pour améliorer et optimiser le comportement mécanique du panneau profilé. Le profil du panneau profilé peut également être optimisé de façon à faciliter l'assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents. Pour cela la hauteur h d'une aile latérale 2, peut être légèrement inférieure à la hauteur h' de l'autre aile latérale 2', la différence de hauteur étant égale à l'épaisseur de la tôle dont est constitué le panneau profilé. De même , la largeur Sm de la semelle latérale 3 correspondant à la première aile latérale 2, peut être légèrement inférieure à la largeur sm' de la semelle latérale 3' correspondant à l'autre aile latérale de façon à ce que, lorsque deux panneaux sont disposés de façon adjacente, la semelle latérale d'un des panneaux puisse s'emboîter parfaitement dans la semelle latérale du panneau adjacent. Ainsi, et lorsque les hauteurs h et h' sont adaptées comme indiqué ci-dessus, les deux plages centrales supérieures des deux panneaux se trouvent à même hauteur.Finally, the width P e of the portion 21 or 21 'of the upper central zone 1 situated between the rim of the upper central zone 1 and the edge of a longitudinal rib 4 or 4' may be greater than or equal to 8% of the width I pc of the upper central range 1. In addition the width l c of the notched zone 5 of the upper range 1 may have a width greater than or equal to 60% or better 75% of the width l pc of the range. upper central 1. These geometrical arrangements are also necessary to improve and optimize the mechanical behavior of the profiled panel. The profiled panel profile can also be optimized to facilitate the assembly of two adjacent panels. For this the height h of a side wing 2 may be slightly less than the height h 'of the other side wing 2', the difference in height being equal to the thickness of the sheet of which the profiled panel is formed. Likewise, the width Sm of the lateral sole 3 corresponding to the first lateral wing 2 may be slightly less than the width s m 'of the lateral sole 3' corresponding to the other lateral wing so that when two panels are arranged adjacently, the side flange of one of the panels can fit perfectly into the side flange of the adjacent panel. Thus, and when the heights h and h 'are adapted as indicated above, the two upper central areas of the two panels are at the same height.

Le panneau profilé a une largeur utile qui se trouve en générale entre 650 mm et 800 mm, une hauteur h comprise entre 200mm et 220 mm, et il peut avoir une longueur pouvant dépasser 5,7 m et même atteindre 6,2 m, de façon à permettre de réaliser des coffrages ayant une porté de 6 m environ. La largeur utile correspond au module ou au pas du coffrage autoportant et correspond à la distance l séparant les axes de deux panneaux adjacents ou, ce qui revient au même, les axes des deux semelles inférieures d'un même panneau. En général, le panneau est en acier galvanisé et fabriqué par profilage d'une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,9 mm et 1,5 mm. L'épaisseur doit être supérieure à 0,9 mm pour assurer une rigidité suffisante. L'épaisseur doit, de préférence, rester inférieur à 1,5 mm afin de limiter le poids des panneau. En effet, celui-ci doit pouvoir être manipulé manuellement pour être mis en oeuvre, notamment, dans des bâtiments à plusieurs étages.The profiled panel has a useful width which is in general between 650 mm and 800 mm, a height h of between 200 mm and 220 mm, and may have a length exceeding 5.7 m and even reach 6.2 m, way to allow to realize formwork having a range of about 6 m. The usable width corresponds to the module or step of the self-supporting formwork and corresponds to the distance l between the axes of two adjacent panels or, which amounts to the same, the axes of the two lower flanges of the same panel. In general, the panel is made of galvanized steel and manufactured by profiling a sheet of thickness between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm. The thickness must be greater than 0.9 mm to ensure sufficient rigidity. The thickness should preferably be less than 1.5 mm in order to limit the weight of the panels. Indeed, it must be able to be manipulated manually to be implemented, especially in multi-storey buildings.

Les dimensions des raidisseurs longitudinaux 4, 4' de la plage centrale supérieure 1 sont de préférence telles que l'ouverture Usp soit comprise entre 25 et 45 mm, la largeur du fond Uip soit comprise entre 0 et 15 mm, et la hauteur Hrp soit comprise entre 10 et 25 mm. Les dimensions des raidisseurs 6, 6' longitudinaux des ailes 2, 2' sont telles que la largeur Ura est comprise entre 20 et 40 mm, et la hauteur Hra est comprise entre 15 et 25 mm. La largeur du raidisseur du bord de semelle b est comprise entre 15 et 25 mm. Les raidisseurs sont disposés de façon telle que la distance Pe entre le rebord d'un raidisseur longitudinal 4 ou 4' de la plage centrale supérieure 1 et le rebord de ladite plage supérieure 1 est comprise entre 40 et 60 mm, la distance Pi entre le rebord du même raidisseur 4 ou 4' et le début de la plage crantée 5 est comprise entre 40 et 60 mm.The dimensions of the longitudinal stiffeners 4, 4 'of the upper central zone 1 are preferably such that the opening U sp is between 25 and 45 mm, the width of the bottom U ip is between 0 and 15 mm, and the height H rp is between 10 and 25 mm. The dimensions of the longitudinal stiffeners 6, 6 'of the wings 2, 2' are such that the width U ra is between 20 and 40 mm, and the height H ra is between 15 and 25 mm. The width of the stiffener of the sole edge b is between 15 and 25 mm. The stiffeners are arranged such that the distance P e between the rim of a longitudinal stiffener 4 or 4 'of the upper central region 1 and the rim of said upper region 1 is between 40 and 60 mm, the distance P i between the flange of the same stiffener 4 or 4 'and the beginning of the notched range 5 is between 40 and 60 mm.

Enfin, la distance as qui sépare le bord supérieur de l'aile latérale 2 ou 2' et le raidisseur longitudinal 6 ou 6' de l'aile latérale, est comprise de préférence entre 40 et 80 mm.Finally, the distance a s between the upper edge of the lateral flange 2 or 2 'and the longitudinal stiffener 6 or 6' of the lateral flange is preferably between 40 and 80 mm.

A l'intérieur de ces fourchettes, les valeurs exactes des paramètres qui définissent la géométrie du panneau profilé peuvent être optimisées par le calcul ou par expérimentation de façon à obtenir le panneau ayant le meilleur comportement mécanique possible sur la longueur la plus importante.Within these ranges, the exact values of the parameters that define the geometry of the profiled panel can be optimized by calculation or experimentation so as to obtain the panel having the best possible mechanical behavior over the most important length.

Ainsi optimisé le panneau permet d'obtenir des portées utiles d'environ 6 m. En outre, son profil n'est constitué que de plis simples qui permettent de le fabriquer facilement par profilage.Thus optimized the panel provides useful ranges of about 6 m. In addition, its profile consists only of simple folds that can be easily manufactured by profiling.

Claims (16)

  1. A profiled panel for a long-span formwork having a profile of the omega type, said profiled panel being characterised in that it comprises:
    - a single horizontal central upper area (1) extending in the longitudinal direction of said profiled panel and comprising two longitudinal ribs (4, 4') separated by a transverse serration (5);
    - two inclined lateral wings (2, 2') elongating said central area (1) on each side of said central area, extending towards the bottom and towards the outside of said central area, and each comprising at least one longitudinal stiffener fold (6, 6'); and
    - two horizontal lower base plates (3, 3') laterally elongating said lateral wings and extending towards the outside of said profiled panel,
    the at least one longitudinal stiffener fold (6, 6') of each lateral wing (2, 2') being disposed in the part of said lateral wing (2, 2') that is intended to work under compression when said profiled panel is mounted on a structure and covered with concrete and the part that is intended to work under traction not comprising a longitudinal stiffener fold,
    the part of said lateral wing (2, 2') that is intended to work under compression being included in the upper half of said lateral wing (2, 2') in the vicinity of said upper central area (1) and the part of said lateral wing (2, 2') that is intended to work under traction comprising at least the lower half of said lateral wing (2, 2') in the vicinity of a lower base plate.
  2. The profiled panel according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one lateral wing (2, 2') comprises a vertical serration disposed between the at least one stiffener fold (6, 6') and the corresponding lower base plate (3, 3').
  3. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that at least one lower base plate (3, 3') comprises an edge stiffener on its outer lateral edge.
  4. The profiled panel according to claim 3, characterised in that the edge stiffener of a lower base plate (3, 3') is made up of a raised edge (9, 9').
  5. The profiled panel according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the bottom of at least one base plate (3, 3') is flat and does not comprise an intermediate stiffener.
  6. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the angle σ formed by a lateral wing (2, 2') with a plane parallel to said central horizontal area (1) is between 74.8° and 79.8°.
  7. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the width Pe of the lateral strip (21, 21') of said horizontal central area extending between the lateral edge of said central area (1) and the edge of the longitudinal rib (4, 4') disposed on the side of said lateral edge of said central area is more than 8% of the width lpc of said central area (1).
  8. The profiled panel according to claim 7, characterised in that the width lc of said serrated zone (5) of said central area is more than 60% of the width lpc of said central area (1).
  9. The profiled panel according to claim 8, characterised in that the width lc of said serrated zone is more than 75% of the width lpc of said central area (1).
  10. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it is more than 5.7 m long.
  11. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it is made of steel.
  12. The profiled panel according to claim 11, characterised in that it is made of galvanised steel.
  13. The profiled panel according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that it is between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm thick.
  14. The profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that it is manufactured by forming.
  15. A self-supporting formwork made up of adjacent profiled panels assembled by seaming and supported by transverse beams, characterised in that at least one profiled panel is a profiled panel according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
  16. A platform comprising a concrete slab poured onto a self-supporting formwork according to claim 15.
EP04817218.3A 2003-10-14 2004-10-12 Large-span self-supporting metal formwork Expired - Lifetime EP1678389B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0312000A FR2860814B1 (en) 2003-10-14 2003-10-14 HIGH-RANGE AUTOMOTIVE METAL FORMWORK
PCT/FR2004/002587 WO2005038159A1 (en) 2003-10-14 2004-10-12 Large-span self-supporting metal formwork

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EP1678389A1 EP1678389A1 (en) 2006-07-12
EP1678389B1 true EP1678389B1 (en) 2016-06-08

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ES (1) ES2588928T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2860814B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2005038159A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013019497B4 (en) * 2013-11-21 2020-08-06 Kingspan GmbH Roof or ceiling slab designed as a concrete-steel composite construction
DE102017214271A1 (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-02-21 Thyssenkrupp Ag Steel trapezoidal profile and its use
CN112088236A (en) * 2018-01-02 2020-12-15 帕特考有限公司 Metal floor board

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1236603A (en) * 1959-06-11 1960-07-22 Acieroid floor element and its applications
US3653171A (en) * 1969-06-18 1972-04-04 Bethlehem Steel Corp Spiral wire fastener for sheets of material
US4453364A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-06-12 Ting Raymond M L Corrugated steel decking section
US4630414A (en) * 1980-09-17 1986-12-23 Ting Raymond M L Cellular steel decking
US4741134A (en) * 1984-07-02 1988-05-03 Consolidated Systems, Inc. Composite metal/concrete bar joist floor and method
GB8628436D0 (en) * 1986-11-27 1986-12-31 Quikspan Construction Ltd Structural member
US5056348A (en) * 1989-06-01 1991-10-15 Robertson-Ceco Corporation Method of making a profiled sheet metal building unit
DE4215686C1 (en) * 1992-05-14 1993-11-11 Hoesch Siegerlandwerke Gmbh Connection for steel trapezoidal profiles with under construction - is used for roof or ceiling plates formed as concrete-steel union constructions
DE4414410C2 (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-06-13 Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp Connection of trapezoidal steel profiles to a substructure in a roof or ceiling slab designed as a concrete-steel composite construction

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FR2860814A1 (en) 2005-04-15
FR2860814B1 (en) 2006-02-24
WO2005038159A1 (en) 2005-04-28
PL1678389T3 (en) 2016-12-30
EP1678389A1 (en) 2006-07-12

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