EP3051049B1 - Schalung oder gerüst bestehend aus eine automatische öffnungs-/schliessvorrichtung einer klappe - Google Patents

Schalung oder gerüst bestehend aus eine automatische öffnungs-/schliessvorrichtung einer klappe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3051049B1
EP3051049B1 EP16153401.1A EP16153401A EP3051049B1 EP 3051049 B1 EP3051049 B1 EP 3051049B1 EP 16153401 A EP16153401 A EP 16153401A EP 3051049 B1 EP3051049 B1 EP 3051049B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ladder
hatch
platform
walkway platform
hinge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16153401.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3051049A1 (de
Inventor
Yvan Barra
Gerard Cavagne
Cedric Lacroix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Campenon Bernard Centre Est
Original Assignee
Campenon Bernard Centre Est
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3051049A1 publication Critical patent/EP3051049A1/de
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Publication of EP3051049B1 publication Critical patent/EP3051049B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/01—Trap-doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/002—Workplatforms, railings; Arrangements for pouring concrete, attached to the form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/006—Devices for preventing access
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
    • E06C9/06—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted
    • E06C9/08—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted with rigid longitudinal members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
    • E04G2001/155—Platforms with an access hatch for getting through from one level to another
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G2011/067—Integrated forms comprising shuttering skin, bracing or strutting arrangements, workplatforms and railings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/10—Steps or ladders specially adapted for scaffolds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shuttering or to a scaffolding according to claim 1.
  • platforms are often used, for example associated with a formwork panel, or with a scaffolding.
  • Such platforms can be mounted on formwork shutters. They are generally intended so that one or more operators can circulate there in order to assemble the shuttering panels between them or else in order to pour the concrete between the formwork and monitor this operation.
  • a platform is generally supported by frames and has one or more through passages formed in the platform.
  • the passage is covered by a hatch, and it allows operators to access the platform using a ladder placed under said passage.
  • the hatch makes it possible to cover the passage formed in the platform to prevent an operator from falling into the passage when traveling on the platform.
  • the hatch is generally articulated on the platform so that it can switch between a closed position and an open position when an operator is on the ladder to access the platform via the passage.
  • the hatch is generally made from a solid material, for example wood, resin, or even polyurethane. It has a mass that can reach ten kilograms. Furthermore, the hatch may also include a “door closer” type system so that the hatch closes after the operator has accessed the platform and prevent the hatch from remaining open.
  • XP055099283 discloses a shuttering form according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the return spring is configured to be connected between the ladder and the platform.
  • the device comprises a damper provided with the return spring and configured to be disposed at a lower end of the scale intended to be disposed at the level of a support plane, the damper being configured to be placed. in contact with the support plane when no force is exerted on the ladder.
  • the connecting element comprises a cable having a first end intended to be fixed to the ladder, and the second end intended to be placed on the joint.
  • the device comprises a pulley configured to be fixed under the platform.
  • the cable connects the ladder to the joint through the groove of the pulley.
  • the device comprises a counterweight cooperating with the articulation and the second end of the cable so as to contribute to the return force of the return spring to raise the ladder towards the platform and keep the hatch closed in the absence. an application of a force exerted on the scale.
  • the first, second and third arms are pivotally connected together at an articulation point not belonging to either the ladder or the platform, so that when the ladder moves away from the platform, the ladder drives the second arm by driving the point of articulation and pulling on the third arm to actuate the articulation to move the hatch from the first closed position to the second open position.
  • the platform extends along a longitudinal axis, and the articulation is configured so that the hatch rotates about an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis to place the hatch in the first closed position or in the second. open position.
  • the platform extends along the longitudinal axis, and the articulation is configured so that the hatch rotates about an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis to place the hatch in the first closed position or to the second open position.
  • the platform extends along the longitudinal axis, and the device comprises sliding means configured so that the hatch slides on the platform to place the hatch in the first closed position or in the second position. opening.
  • the opening / closing device is advantageously configured so that the transverse axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the transverse axis is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the formwork panel comprises an additional circulation platform arranged above the circulation platform, said additional platform being provided with an additional hatch configured to cover an additional through passage, suitable for access from '' a platform operator to the additional platform via a ladder.
  • the projection of the additional passage on the platform is offset with respect to the passage along the longitudinal axis of the platform.
  • Most construction sites include shuttering and / or scaffolding comprising platforms intended to receive operators to perform various operations, such as pouring concrete, assembling the shutters, etc. Operators access a platform using a ladder via a passage covered by a hatch.
  • the figures 1 and 2 show a perspective view of a device 10 for opening and closing a hatch 11 covering a passage 12 formed in a circulation platform 13.
  • the opening / closing device is intended to be mounted on the platform 13 which is assembled at the upper level of a formwork panel B.
  • the platform 13 is generally based on wood or metal.
  • the framework of the platform may include metal spars extending longitudinally with respect to the platform, on which a panel, for example, of wood may be arranged and fixed.
  • the platform 13 extends longitudinally along an axis (Ox), and it is disposed substantially horizontally.
  • the platform 13 also includes the through passage 12 adapted so that an operator can access the platform by climbing a ladder 16 made available to him for this purpose.
  • the opening / closing device is intended to cooperate with the ladder 16 positioned under the through passage 12.
  • the ladder 16 is a standard ladder which is used in construction sites. It comprises two longitudinal uprights 16 1 , connected by at least two steps 16 2 extending along a transverse axis (D). Generally, this type of ladder is made from a strong material, and it is configured to support the weight of an operator who can carry heavy materials or tools.
  • the hatch 11 is articulated on the platform 13, and it is configured so as to pass from a first closed position 14 ( figure 1 ), to a second open position 15 ( figure 2 ).
  • the hatch 11 has a rectangular shape, the dimensions of which are greater than those of the passage 12, also having a rectangular shape.
  • the opening / closing device 10 of the hatch 11 comprises a movement guide 17 of the scale 16.
  • the guide 17 is configured to guide a movement of the scale 16 up and down, or vice versa.
  • the guide 17 may comprise two hollow cylindrical sections 17 1 , preferably made of steel.
  • the hollow cylindrical sections 17 1 are configured so that the longitudinal uprights 16 1 can slide inside said sections 17 1 .
  • the cross section of the profiles 17 1 has the same geometric shape as the cross section of the longitudinal uprights 16 1 of the scale 16.
  • the uprights 16 1 have a rectangular or circular cross section
  • hollow cylindrical sections 17 1 respectively having a rectangular or circular cross section.
  • the dimensions of the cross section of the sections 17 1 are substantially larger than the dimensions of the cross section of the uprights 16 1 to allow the latter to slide in the cylindrical sections 17 1 .
  • the guide 17 is configured to be fixed under the platform 13 so as to have the ladder 16 under the passage 12 of the platform 13.
  • Each cylindrical section 17 1 can include an assembly part 25 of the section 17 1 on platform 13.
  • the assembly part 25 can be fixed to the profile 17 1 by screwing, bolting, welding or any other usual means allowing a solid mechanical connection between the cylindrical profile 17 1 and the assembly part 25.
  • the part of assembly 25 forms with the section 17 1 a single piece.
  • the profile 17 1 and the assembly part 25 can be made from a sheet or a steel plate.
  • the connecting piece 25 is in the form of a strip of a steel plate folded into an "L" shape.
  • the assembly part 25 comprises a transverse base connected by an elbow to a longitudinal plate.
  • the base of the assembly part 25 extends parallel to the cross section of the cylindrical section 17 1
  • said longitudinal plate extends parallel to the generating line of the cylindrical section 17 1 .
  • the assembly parts 25 are shaped so that when a scale 16 is disposed in the guide 17, the longitudinal uprights 16 1 of the scale 16 are arranged between the longitudinal plates of the assembly parts 25 and in the same plane as said parts.
  • Such a guide 17, advantageously makes it possible to avoid hindering an operator when he is climbing the ladder 16.
  • the longitudinal plate preferably comprises a hole allowing the fixing of the assembly part 25, and therefore of the guide 17 on the platform 13.
  • the fixing hole is intended to be placed opposite a fixing lug provided in the platform 13, so as to be able to assemble the guide 17 on the platform 13, using a screw, a bolt, a nut, or any other means of 'assembly.
  • the device for opening / closing the hatch 11 comprises a hinge 19 intended to be mounted under the platform 13 and to be assembled integrally with the hatch 11.
  • the articulation 19 is assembled on the platform 13 using screws or bolts.
  • the articulation 19 is mounted under the platform 13, for example, on a fixing lug of the platform 13.
  • the articulation 19 is pivotally mounted under the platform 13 so as to be able to pivot about an axis ( Ox ') preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • the pivoting of the articulation 19 is actuated by a connecting element 20 of the opening / closing device 10.
  • the connecting element 20 is advantageously configured to be fixed at one of its ends to the scale 16, and to cooperate with the articulation 19 so that when the ladder 16 moves away from the platform 13, the connecting element 20 actuates the articulation 19 to move the hatch 11 from the first closed position 14 to the second open position 15.
  • a fastener 26 is assembled on a longitudinal upright 16 1 of the ladder 16.
  • the fastener 26 is disposed below the movement guide 17 so as not to hinder the translational movement of the ladder 16 to through said guide 17.
  • the part 26 may be a fixing ring configured to be assembled around one of the longitudinal uprights 16 1 .
  • the fixing part 26 preferably comprises a first plate 26 1 intended to be assembled to a first end M of the connecting element 20.
  • the end M can be assimilated to a fixing point.
  • the point M belonging to the connecting element 20 is fixed on the first plate 26 1 of the fixing part 26, and therefore the point M can be considered as being fixed to the scale 16.
  • the connecting element 20 comprises a second end N mounted on the articulation 19.
  • the end N of the connecting element 20 is configured so as to transform the translational movement of the first end M, into a pivoting movement of the joint 19.
  • the opening / closing device 10 comprises a return spring 18 configured to exert a return force on the scale 16 to bring it back to the platform 13.
  • the return spring 18 mainly contributes to the closing operation of the ladder.
  • the return spring 18 is configured so as to exert a force Fr having a direction opposite to the direction of the force Fa applied to the ladder 16 when an operator climbs the ladder.
  • the force Fa corresponds mainly to the weight of the operator and the material he is carrying, as well as the weight of the scale 16.
  • the stiffness of the return spring 18 is chosen so as to allow a translational movement of the ladder, of the platform 13 in the direction, for example, of a support plane (P).
  • the support plane (P) is preferably in contact with the lower ends of the uprights 16 1 so as to allow stability of the ladder 16.
  • the stiffness of the return spring 18 is chosen so that the spring 18 supports at least the weight of the scale.
  • the spring 18 is able to return the scale 16, when the latter is not subjected to any force, and to maintain it in a position of equilibrium above the support plane (P).
  • the return spring 18 allows the flap 11 to pass from the second open position 15 to the first closed position 14, in particular when the operator leaves the ladder, or towards the support plane (P) either to platform 13 via passage 12.
  • the spring 18 is configured to keep the scale 16 in an initial position where the M and N ends are disposed in equilibrium positions.
  • the connecting element 20 is static and is not able to actuate the articulation 19.
  • the hatch 11 remains advantageously closed to prevent the fall of an operator traveling on the platform 13, in the passage 12.
  • the scale 16 comprises a limit switch system configured to limit the travel of the scale 16 in the movement guide 17.
  • at least one of the uprights 16 1 of the scale 16 comprises, at its upper end, a lug 27.
  • the lug 27 is shaped so as not to be able to pass through the hollow cylindrical sections 17 1 of the guide 17, and to come up against the guide at the end of the scale travel. 16. Therefore, the element 27 stops the travel of the scale 16 via the guide 17, and advantageously makes it possible to avoid the disengagement of the scale 16 from the guide 17.
  • the location of the lug 27 in the scale 16 and relative to the guide 17 is chosen so as to allow a sufficient travel of the scale 16 allowing the actuation of the articulation 19 by the connecting element 20.
  • the pin 27 can also be used to provide stability to the ladder 16, which can be suspended (disposed above the support plane (P)) while an operator is climbing the ladder. scale 16.
  • the elements 18, 19, 20, 26, 27 of the device 10 which can be installed at the level of a single longitudinal upright 16 1 of the ladder 16 are also described.
  • said elements of the device 10 can be doubled, and equip the other longitudinal upright, to provide better stability and mechanical strength of the device.
  • the opening / closing device 10 according to the invention advantageously allows easy opening of a hinged hatch on a platform. equipped with a ladder.
  • the device according to the invention allows the operator to open the hatch automatically, simply by climbing the ladder to access the platform via a passage covered by the hatch.
  • the operator avoids the use of physical effort to push the hatch and open it. Indeed, the operator generally pushes the hatch with his head wearing a hard hat, since his hands are generally occupied.
  • the clever device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to reduce the risk of a work accident that may occur when the operator wants to join the platform, and the risk of the appearance of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in an operator working regularly. on this type of hatch.
  • MSDs musculoskeletal disorders
  • the device according to the invention advantageously allows automatic closing of the hatch after the operator has left the ladder.
  • automatic closing makes it possible to prevent forgetting of the hatch opened by a first operator, which can constitute a risk of falling for a second operator traveling on the platform.
  • the ingenious device according to the invention allows an operator to easily and securely open a hatch covering a passage formed in a platform.
  • this device is easily achievable, and moreover, adaptable to any type of platform provided with a passage covered by a hatch and comprising a ladder.
  • platforms used in the building and construction industry It suffices to provide elements and assembly parts intended to place the opening / closing device under the platform, so as to cooperate with the scale of the platform.
  • Those skilled in the art will know how to adapt the assembly parts and the device according to the dimensions and the type of the platform or the ladder.
  • the return spring 18 is configured to be connected between the ladder 16 and the platform 13. As illustrated in figures 1 and 2 , the spring 18 extends longitudinally between two ends 18 1 and 18 2 which may have, for example, the shape of a hook.
  • the end 18 1 can be fixed on an assembly element 28 comprising a fixing lug.
  • the assembly element 28 is preferably placed under the platform 13.
  • the assembly element 28 is fixed under the platform 13, using a screw, or a bolt, etc.
  • the second end 18 2 of the spring 18 can be mounted on the fastener 26 which is mounted integral with the scale 16.
  • the first plate 26 1 can include an ear intended to receive the hook, or the 'end 18 2 of the spring 18.
  • the part 26 may include a second plate 26 2 so that the end 18 2 is fixed above ( figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the arrangement of the return spring 18 according to this embodiment is advantageously easy to achieve.
  • the fixing part 26 is used in an optimized manner and serves both to be assembled with the connecting element 20 and to be linked to one end of the return spring 18.
  • the opening / closing device 10 comprises a damper 21 provided with the return spring 18.
  • the damper 21 is intended to be mounted at the lower end of the scale 16.
  • the damper 21 is configured to be disposed at a lower end 16i of the ladder 16.
  • the ladder is intended to be disposed at the level of a support plane (P).
  • the shock absorber 21 is configured to be in contact with the support plane (P) when no force is exerted on the scale 16.
  • the damper 21 extends along an axis (OX 21 ) parallel to the longitudinal uprights 16 1 .
  • the damper 21 comprises a body 210 of cylindrical shape, provided with a compression chamber 211 inside which a piston 212 can slide to move in translation from top to bottom and vice versa.
  • the cross section of the body 210 has the same geometric shape as the cross section of the longitudinal uprights 16 1 of the ladder 16.
  • the cross section of the body 210 has dimensions greater than the transverse dimensions of the uprights 16 1 , so that the latter can slide in the body 210.
  • the damper 21 comprises the return spring 18 extending longitudinally along the axis (OX 21 ) resting at one end on the front face of an abutting wall 213, which is integral with the lower end of the body 210 The spring 18 also bears at its other end on the lower part of the piston 212.
  • the sliding of the piston 212 takes place along the axis (OX 21 ), which is generally the axis of revolution of the cylindrical shape of the compression chamber 211. Said sliding occurs from top to bottom during compression of the cylinder. shock absorber 21, in particular when a force Fa is applied to one of the longitudinal uprights 16 1 which presses on the piston 212. The upright 16 1 is then likened to the piston rod 212.
  • the damper 21 is provided with a support pad 214 on the plane (P).
  • the pad 214 is movably linked with respect to the wall 213.
  • the pad 214 may have a rectangular shape, and preferably has dimensions greater than the dimensions of the cross section of the shock absorber 21.
  • the shock absorber 21 advantageously comprises a telescopic rod 215, extending longitudinally along the axis (OX 21 ) from the wall 213 towards the pad 214.
  • the rod 215 makes it possible to adjust the height separating the shock absorber 21 from the plane. support (P).
  • the shoe 214 and rod 215 assembly advantageously make it possible to provide a stable base for the damper 21 receiving the scale 16.
  • the connecting element 20 is advantageously formed by a rod mounted to pivot at its ends at the points M and N.
  • Said rod extends longitudinally between the points M and N, and it is preferably steel.
  • the connecting element 20 may also include a cable 31 having a first end 31st intended to be fixed to the scale 16, for example at the point M ( figure 4a ).
  • the second end 31a of the cable 31 is intended to be assembled on the joint 19, for example on the point N.
  • the opening / closing device 10 comprises a pulley 32 configured to be fixed under the platform 13.
  • the pulley 32 is arranged under the platform 13, so that the cable 31 connects the scale 16 and the articulation 19 passing through the groove of the pulley 32.
  • the pulley 32 advantageously makes it possible to transfer the downward translational movement, of the scale 16 and of the point M of the cable 31, in a tension force Ft of the end 31a of the cable 31 at the level of the point N. According to this embodiment, the cooperation between the cable 31, the pulley 32 and the joint 19 is more efficient, and the opening device is more compact and easy to assemble.
  • the opening / closing device 10 advantageously comprises a system based on a counterweight 33.
  • the counterweight 33 is intended to cooperate with the articulation 19 and the second end 31a of the cable 31.
  • the counterweight 33 advantageously contributes to the return force of the spring 18 to raise the scale 16 towards the platform 13 and keep the hatch 11 closed in the absence of a force Fa applied to the scale 16.
  • an actuating rod 34 cooperates with the articulation 19 to cause the flap to pass from an open position to the closed position or vice versa.
  • the rod 34 extends longitudinally under the platform 13 along an axis preferably vertical to the platform 13.
  • the rod 34 comprises in its lower end, an eyelet intended to receive the end 31a of the cable 31.
  • L The other end 31st of the cable is fixed on the assembly part 26 at point M.
  • the cable connects the part 26 and the rod 34 passing through the groove of the pulley 32.
  • the counterweight 33 is disposed projecting from the rod 34 between the articulation 19 and the eyelet receiving the end 31a of the cable 31.
  • the counterweight 33 advantageously makes it possible to assist the return spring 18 in its function of returning the scale 16 and the closing of the hatch 11.
  • the counterweight 33 can also replace the spring 18.
  • the arms 41, 42, 43 are preferably longitudinal metal plates.
  • the first arm may be pivotally articulated at a point Q disposed in the assembly element 28.
  • the assembly element 28 may include an eyelet intended to receive a usual assembly means for pivotally articulating a end of arm 41 at point Q of element 28.
  • arm 41 is pivotally articulated with platform 13.
  • the second arm 42 can be pivotally articulated at point M of the assembly element 26 included in the scale 16.
  • the third arm 43 is assembled on the articulation 19, preferably pivotally, so as to cooperate with this articulation to actuate the opening or closing of the hatch 11.
  • first 41, second 42 and third 43 arms are pivotally connected to each other at an articulation point S belonging neither to the scale 16 nor to the platform 13, so that when the scale 16 s 'away from the platform 13, the scale 16 drives the second arm 42.
  • the arm 42 drives the point of articulation S, for example towards the support plane (P), by pulling on the third arm 43 to actuate the articulation 19.
  • the actuation of the articulation then allows the flap 11 to pass from the first closed position 14 to the second open position 15.
  • the scissor mechanism 40 acts so that the articulation point S is driven towards the platform 13.
  • the third arm 43 is pushed towards the platform 13 to actuating the articulation 19.
  • the actuation of the articulation 19 then allows the flap 11 to pass from the second open position 15 to the first closed position 14.
  • a scissor mechanism advantageously allows slow opening and closing of the hatch. Slow opening of the hatch alerts an operator on the platform of the hatch opening operation. Thus, the safety of operators working on the platform is improved. In addition, a slow closing of the hatch makes it possible to avoid a violent impact between the hatch and the platform, thus preventing rapid degradation and wear of these elements.
  • the articulation 19 is configured so that the hatch 11 rotates about an axis (Ox ') substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • the hatch 11 is articulated on the platform 13 so as to pivot about an axis (Ox ') substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox) of the platform 13.
  • the passage 12 is delimited by two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides of a rectangle.
  • longitudinal side is meant a side extending along the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • the hatch 11 can be articulated on the platform by means of a hinge integrally assembled on the hatch by means of screws or bolts, or any other usual means of fixing.
  • the hinge can also be formed by a strip of the body of the hatch 11.
  • the rotational movement of the hatch 11 is performed above the platform 13.
  • the rotational movement of the hatch 11 around the axis (Ox ') allows the hatch 11 to be placed in the first position. 14 or the second open position 15.
  • the axis of rotation (Ox ') is preferably disposed over the entire length of the longitudinal side, proximal to the panel B. In other words, the joint 19 is extruded along said longitudinal side of the hatch 11.
  • the articulation 19 is configured so that the hatch 11 rotates about an axis (Ox ”) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (Ox) in order to place the hatch 11 in the first closed position. 14 or to the second open position 15.
  • the opening / closing device advantageously remains flexible as regards the direction and the opening mechanism of the hatch.
  • the opening / closing device 10 comprises sliding means 50 configured so that the hatch 11 slides on the platform 13 to place the hatch 11 in the first closed position 14 or in the second open position 15.
  • the drive means may comprise, for example, a driving pulley actuated by the articulation 19 and mounted on the platform 13, and one or more return pulleys fixed on the hatch 11 and on the platform 13.
  • the various pulleys are connected. between them by a belt.
  • the present invention relates to a formwork panel comprising a platform provided with one of the opening / closing devices as described above.
  • the formwork panel B comprises the circulation platform 13 provided with the hatch 11 configured to cover the passage 12 through it.
  • the hatch 11, as previously described, is articulated on the platform 13 so as to pass from a first closed position 14 to a second open position 15.
  • the passage 12 is adapted for the access of an operator to the circulation platform 13 via the ladder 16.
  • the panel B further comprises an opening / closing device 10 according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the formwork panel B comprises a platform 13 extending along the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • the ladder (16) has steps (16 2 ) extending along a transverse axis (D).
  • the ladder 16, the hatch 11, and the opening / closing device 10 are then arranged so that the transverse axis (D) is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • the ladder 16, the hatch 11, and the opening / closing device 10 are arranged so that the transverse axis (D) is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  • a formwork panel B as described above further comprises an additional circulation platform 13 1 arranged above the circulation platform 13.
  • the additional platform 13 1 is provided with an additional hatch 11 1 configured to cover an additional passage 12 1 through, suitable for the access of an operator of the platform 13 to the additional platform 13 1 via an additional ladder 16 '.
  • the projection 12 2 of the additional passage 12 1 on the platform 13 is offset with respect to the passage 12 along the longitudinal axis (Ox) of the platform 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst, umfassend:
    - eine Leiter (16),
    - eine begehbare Plattform (13), die einen Durchgang (12) definiert, der die begehbare Plattform (13) durchquert,
    - eine Klappe (11), die dafür ausgelegt ist, um den Durchgang (12) abzudecken, wobei die Klappe (11) gelenkverbunden ist, um von einer ersten Position (14), die den Durchgang (12) verschließt, in eine zweite Position (15), die den Durchgang (12) öffnet, zu gelangen, und für den Zugang einer Bedienungsperson zur begehbaren Plattform (13) über die Leiter (16) geeignet ist, wobei die Klappe (11) in derselben Ebene liegt wie die begehbare Plattform (13) in der ersten Position (14),
    - eine Öffnungs/Schließvorrichtung (10) der Klappe (11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungs/ Schließvorrichtung (10) der Klappe (11) umfasst:
    - eine Führung (17) zur Verschiebung der Leiter (16), die dafür ausgelegt ist, um eine translatorische Bewegung der Leiter (16) von oben nach unten und umgekehrt zu führen, und um unter der begehbaren Plattform (13) befestigt zu werden, um die Leiter (16) unter dem Durchgang (12) der begehbaren Plattform (13) anzuordnen;
    - eine Rückholfeder (18), die dafür ausgelegt ist, um eine Rückholkraft auf die Leiter (16) auszuüben, welche die Leiter (16) zur begehbaren Plattform (13) zurückführt;
    - eine Gelenkverbindung (19), die dazu bestimmt ist, um unter der begehbaren Plattform (13) montiert zu werden, und um fest mit der Klappe (11) zusammengefügt zu werden;
    - ein Verbindungselement (20), das dafür ausgelegt ist, um an einem seiner Enden an der Leiter (16) befestigt zu werden, und um mit der Gelenkverbindung (19) zusammenzuwirken, damit, wenn sich die Leiter (16) von der begehbaren Plattform (13) entfernt, das Verbindungselement (20) die Gelenkverbindung (19) betätigt, um die Klappe (11) von der ersten Position (14) in die zweite Position (15) gelangen zu lassen.
  2. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückholfeder (18) dafür ausgelegt ist, um zwischen der Leiter (16) und der begehbaren Plattform (13) verbunden zu werden.
  3. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Dämpfungsglied (21) umfasst, das mit der Rückholfeder (18) versehen ist und dafür ausgelegt ist, um an einem unteren Ende (16i) der Leiter (16) angeordnet zu werden, die dazu bestimmt ist, auf der Höhe einer Auflageebene (P) angeordnet zu werden, wobei das Dämpfungsglied (21) dafür ausgelegt ist, um mit der Auflageebene (P) in Kontakt zu stehen, wenn keine Kraft auf die Leiter (16) ausgeübt wird.
  4. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbindungselement (20) ein Kabel (31) mit einem ersten Ende (31e) umfasst, das dazu bestimmt ist, an der Leiter (16) befestigt zu werden, und einem zweiten Ende (31a), das dazu bestimmt ist, an der Gelenkverbindung (19) angeordnet zu werden.
  5. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Rillenscheibe (32) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt ist, um unter der begehbaren Plattform (13) befestigt zu werden, und dadurch, dass das Kabel (31) die Leiter (16) mit der Gelenkverbindung (19) verbindet, indem es durch die Rille der Rillenscheibe (32) hindurchgeht.
  6. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Gegengewicht (33) umfasst, das mit der Gelenkverbindung (19) und dem zweiten Ende (31a) des Kabels zusammenwirkt, um zur Rückholkraft der Rückholfeder (18) beizutragen, um die Leiter (16) zur begehbaren Plattform (13) hochzuführen und die Klappe (11) bei Fehlen einer Anwendung einer Kraft, die auf die Leiter (16) ausgeübt wird, geschlossen zu halten.
  7. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbindungselement (20) einen Scherenmechanismus (40) umfasst, umfassend:
    - einen ersten Arm (41), der dafür ausgelegt ist, um schwenkbar an einem Punkt der begehbaren Plattform (13) angelenkt zu werden;
    - einen zweiten Arm (42), der dafür ausgelegt ist, um schwenkbar an einem Punkt der Leiter (16) angelenkt zu werden;
    - einen dritten Arm (43), der mit der Gelenkverbindung (19) zusammenwirkt,
    wobei der erste (41), zweite (42) und dritte (43) Arm miteinander schwenkbar an einem Gelenkverbindungspunkt (S) verbunden sind, der weder zur Leiter (16) noch zur begehbaren Plattform (13) gehört, damit, wenn sich die Leiter (16) von der begehbaren Plattform (13) entfernt, die Leiter (16) den zweiten Arm (42) mitführt, indem der Gelenkverbindungspunkt (S) mitgeführt wird, und indem der dritte Arm (43) gezogen wird, um die Gelenkverbindung (19) zu betätigen, um die Klappe (11) von der ersten Schließposition (14) in die zweite Öffnungsposition (15) gelangen zu lassen.
  8. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich die begehbare Plattform (13) in einer Längsachse (Ox) erstreckt, und wobei die Gelenkverbindung (19) derart ausgelegt ist, dass sich die Klappe (11) um eine Achse (Ox') im Wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse (Ox) dreht, um die Klappe (11) in der ersten Schließposition (14) oder in der zweiten Öffnungsposition (15) anzuordnen.
  9. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei sich die begehbare Plattform (13) in der Längsachse (Ox) erstreckt, und wobei die Gelenkverbindung (19) derart ausgelegt ist, dass sich die Klappe (11) um eine Achse (Ox") im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Längsachse (Ox) dreht, um die Klappe (11) in der ersten Schließposition (14) oder in der zweiten Öffnungsposition (15) anzuordnen.
  10. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei sich die begehbare Plattform (13) in der Längsachse (Ox) erstreckt, und wobei Gleitmittel (50) derart ausgelegt sind, dass die Klappe (11) auf der begehbaren Plattform (13) gleitet, um die Klappe (11) in der ersten Schließposition (14) oder in der zweiten Öffnungsposition (15) anzuordnen.
  11. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich die begehbare Plattform (13) in der Längsachse (Ox) erstreckt, und wobei die Leiter (16) Trittflächen (162) umfasst, die sich entlang einer Querachse (D) erstrecken, und wobei die Querachse (D) im Wesentlichen parallel ist zur Längsachse (Ox).
  12. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei sich die begehbare Plattform (13) in der Längsachse (Ox) erstreckt, und wobei die Leiter (16) Trittflächen (162) umfasst, die sich entlang einer Querachse (D) erstrecken, und wobei die Querachse (D) im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig ist zur Längsachse (Ox).
  13. Verschalungselement (B) oder Gerüst nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine zusätzliche begehbare Plattform (131) umfasst, die über der begehbaren Plattform (13) angeordnet ist, wobei die genannte zusätzliche begehbare Plattform (131) mit einer zusätzlichen Klappe (111) versehen ist, die dafür ausgelegt ist, um einen zusätzlichen querenden Durchgang (121) abzudecken, der für den Zugang einer Bedienungsperson der Plattform (13) zu der zusätzlichen Plattform (131) über eine Leiter geeignet ist, und dadurch, dass die Projektion (122) des zusätzlichen Durchgangs (121) auf die begehbare Plattform (13) in Bezug auf den Durchgang (12) in der Längsachse (Ox) der begehbaren Plattform (13) versetzt ist.
EP16153401.1A 2015-01-30 2016-01-29 Schalung oder gerüst bestehend aus eine automatische öffnungs-/schliessvorrichtung einer klappe Active EP3051049B1 (de)

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FR1550754A FR3014463B1 (fr) 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Dispositif d'ouverture/fermeture automatique d'une trappe

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BE1023581B1 (nl) * 2015-08-25 2017-05-09 Teplux Bvba Inrichting voor het afdekken van een trapopening
CN109050793B (zh) * 2018-07-06 2020-04-03 浙江海洋大学 一种回弹式船舶舱口盖限位装置
CN114439291B (zh) * 2022-01-25 2024-04-26 中铁三局集团建筑安装工程有限公司 柱式检查坑现浇混凝土轨道立柱及施工方法
FR3138159A1 (fr) * 2022-07-19 2024-01-26 Sateco Structure pliable de sécurisation pour un chantier de construction
US11920397B1 (en) 2022-10-28 2024-03-05 Tie Down, Inc. Hatch lift assist device

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US3068958A (en) * 1961-02-06 1962-12-18 Mccann Celia Ladder
GB963032A (en) * 1961-05-23 1964-07-08 Chables Gardiner Harmer Improvements in or relating to collapsible ladders
SU1735536A1 (ru) * 1990-08-31 1992-05-23 Головной проектный институт гражданского строительства, планировки и застройки городов и поселков "Челябинскгражданпроект" Устройство дл эвакуации из здани
NL9100189A (nl) * 1990-11-15 1992-06-01 Hein Douwinus Voskamp Een op een dak- of vloerconstructie met doorlaatopening afgestemd vluchtwegsysteem.
FR2789420A1 (fr) * 1999-02-05 2000-08-11 Altrad Dev Plate-forme d'echafaudage avec trappe d'acces pour la construction de paroi verticale
KR20130034371A (ko) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-05 현대중공업 주식회사 선박의 해치 오픈 장치

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