EP3001923A1 - Élement composite de semelle de chaussure, chaussure le comprenant - Google Patents

Élement composite de semelle de chaussure, chaussure le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3001923A1
EP3001923A1 EP15184771.2A EP15184771A EP3001923A1 EP 3001923 A1 EP3001923 A1 EP 3001923A1 EP 15184771 A EP15184771 A EP 15184771A EP 3001923 A1 EP3001923 A1 EP 3001923A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite
stabilizing
shoe sole
barrier material
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15184771.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3001923B1 (fr
Inventor
Marc Peikert
Stane Nabernik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WL Gore and Associates GmbH
Original Assignee
WL Gore and Associates GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102006010007A external-priority patent/DE102006010007A1/de
Priority claimed from DE202007000667U external-priority patent/DE202007000667U1/de
Application filed by WL Gore and Associates GmbH filed Critical WL Gore and Associates GmbH
Publication of EP3001923A1 publication Critical patent/EP3001923A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3001923B1 publication Critical patent/EP3001923B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/12—Special watertight footwear
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/12—Special watertight footwear
    • A43B7/125—Special watertight footwear provided with a vapour permeable member, e.g. a membrane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/026—Composites, e.g. carbon fibre or aramid fibre; the sole, one or more sole layers or sole part being made of a composite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
    • A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite shoe sole, so constructed footwear and a procedure for the production of such footwear.
  • the aim of the present invention is to make available footwear having a shoe bottom construction with a particularly high water vapor permeability, without unduly impairing its stability.
  • Sole constructions according to EP 959 704 B1 and WO 2004/028 284 A1 which have an outsole in favor of a higher water vapor permeability, which consists in addition to a number of separate outsole lugs essentially only a peripheral frame for the enclosure of water vapor permeable material which is to protect a membrane located above it against the passage of foreign bodies such as small stones, but not even very much is stable, do not provide a degree of stabilization of the sole structure, as is desirable for many types of footwear.
  • the outsole in the WO 2004/028284 A1 is formed from the peripheral frame and a plurality of outsole studs which distribute within the peripheral frame over the underside of the sole.
  • a better stabilization of the shoe bottom structure is in accordance with a sports shoe DE 100 36 100 C1 whose outsole is formed from outsole parts with large openings, has been achieved in that the outsole parts are arranged on the underside of a pressure-resistant plastic carrier layer, which is provided at the locations which lie over the large perforations of the outsole parts, with lattice-like openings and thus as the outsole parts is permeable to water vapor.
  • a membrane is arranged with which not only waterproofness is to be reached with water vapor permeability but also to prevent small stones that can not keep the grid openings of the support layer, enter the shoe interior.
  • the membrane which is easily damaged by mechanical influences, should thus provide protection which it actually requires itself.
  • the membrane and the protective layer are connected to one another by means of a point bond, ie by means of an adhesive pattern applied as a dot matrix. Only the surface area of the membrane which is not covered by adhesive still stands for a transport of water vapor Available.
  • the membrane and the protective layer form an adhesive bond which forms either with an outsole a composite sole, which is attached as such to the shaft bottom of the shoe, or forms part of the shaft bottom, to which then only one outsole is to be attached.
  • both outsole layers are provided with relatively small diameter aligned perforations and the protective layer is arranged between the two outsole layers.
  • the membrane is at the finished footwear on top of this outsole. Since only the Perforations vomanteil this outsole is available for a water vapor passage, only a correspondingly small proportion of the membrane area for the water vapor passage can be affected. In addition, it has been proven that standing air volumes hinder the transport of water vapor. Such stagnant volumes of air form in the perforations of this outsole and their elimination by air circulation through the outsole is compromised by the protective layer.
  • shoe sole manufacturers are usually less equipped and experienced in dealing with watertight, water-vapor-permeable membranes, shoe floor concepts are desirable in which the composite shoe sole as such is free of a membrane and the membrane forms part of the shaft bottom on which the composite shoe sole is placed ,
  • footwear which has a shoe bottom structure with permanent waterproofness and with a particularly high water vapor permeability, preferably while obtaining the highest possible stability of the shoe bottom structure, a suitable Schuhsohleverbund and a process for the production of footwear available.
  • the invention provides a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole according to claim 1, footwear according to claim 92 and a method for producing footwear according to claim 102. Further developments of these objects are specified in the respective dependent claims.
  • a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole is made available with a top having at least one opening extending through the composite sole of the shoe sole.
  • a barrier unit is provided with an upper side which at least partially forms the upper side of the composite shoe sole and with a water vapor-permeable barrier material designed as a barrier against the passage of foreign bodies, by means of which the at least one opening is closed in a manner permeable to water vapor.
  • the barrier material is assigned a stabilizing device designed for mechanical stabilization of the composite shoe sole, which is constructed with at least one stabilizing web, which is arranged at least on one surface of the barrier material and which at least partially crosses at least one opening.
  • the barrier unit below the barrier unit at least one outsole part is arranged.
  • the at least one outsole part is arranged on the surface of the barrier unit facing the ground or the ground. This ensures that only the at least one outsole part assumes the function of running or standing of the composite sole.
  • the at least one outsole part is to be arranged on the barrier unit such that there are no outsole parts in the at least one opening. Since the barrier unit does not or does not significantly represent the ground contacting position in the composite shoe sole, it is possible to optimize it in terms of its stabilizing properties such as stiffness and torsional rigidity. In comparison, the outsole can be optimized with regard to its outsole function, for example, a material can be selected with low abrasion and high adhesion.
  • a barrier material is a fiber composite having at least two fiber components that differ in their melting temperature.
  • at least a portion of a first fiber component has a first melting temperature and an underlying first softening temperature range
  • at least a portion of a second fiber component has a second melting temperature and an underlying second softening temperature range.
  • the first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range.
  • the fiber composite is thermally bonded as a result of thermal activation of the second fiber component with an adhesive softening temperature in the second softening temperature range while maintaining water vapor permeability in the thermally consolidated region.
  • the melting temperature is understood to be a narrow temperature range in which the crystalline regions of the polymer or fiber structure melt and the polymer changes to the liquid state. It is above the softening temperature range and is an essential parameter for semicrystalline polymers.
  • the softening temperature range is understood to mean a temperature range of different bandwidth occurring before the melting point has been reached, but at which softening still no melting occurs.
  • this property is utilized in such a way that a selection of materials is carried out for the two fiber components of the fiber composite such that the conditions according to the invention are fulfilled with respect to the melting temperatures and softening temperature ranges for the two fiber components, and a temperature is chosen for the thermal hardening which is suitable for the second fiber component represents an adhesive softening temperature at which softening of the second fiber component, in which the material thereof exhibits adhesive action, such that at least a portion of the fibers of the second fiber component are thermally bonded to each other so far as to cause solidification stabilization of the second fiber component Fiber composite comes, which is above the solidification, which is in a fiber composite with the same materials for the two fiber components by a purely mechanical consolidation, for example dur ch needlepunching of the fiber composite, receives.
  • the adhesive softening temperature can also be chosen so that a softening of the fibers of the second fiber component takes place to such an extent that an adhesion not only of fibers of the second fiber component with each other but also a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers of the first fiber composite with softened material
  • the fibers of the second fiber composite arises, that is, a partial or total embedding such locations of fibers of the first fiber composite in the material of fibers of the second fiber component, whereby a correspondingly increased stabilization solidification of the fiber composite arises.
  • the barrier material has a fiber composite with a first fiber component and a second fiber component having two fiber components, wherein the first fiber component has a first melting temperature and a first softening temperature range underneath and a second fiber portion of the second fiber component has a second melting temperature and a second The first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range, the first fiber portion of the second fiber component has a higher melting temperature and a higher underlying softening temperature than the second fiber portion, and the fiber composite due to thermal Activation of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component with a second softening temperature Uber lying adhesive softening temperature is thermally solidified while maintaining water vapor permeability in the thermally bonded area.
  • a temperature which represents an adhesive softening temperature for the second fiber content of the second fiber component, in which it a softening of this fiber fraction of the second fiber component occurs, in which the material unfolds adhesive action, such that at least a portion of the fibers of the second fiber component is thermally bonded together as far as by gluing, so that there is a solidification stabilization of the fiber composite, which is above that solidification, the one with a fiber composite with the same Receives materials for the two fiber components by a purely mechanical consolidation, for example by Vernadelungsverfest Trent the fiber composite.
  • An embodiment for the second fiber component having two fiber portions of different melting temperature and different softening temperature ranges comprises core-sheath fibers in which the core has a higher melting temperature and a higher softening temperature range than the sheath, and the thermal bonding of the fiber composite by suitably softening the sheath he follows.
  • Another embodiment for the second fiber component having two fiber portions of different melting temperature and different softening temperature ranges has side-by-side fibers in which the second fiber component has two fiber portions parallel to each other in the fiber longitudinal direction, of which a first higher melting temperature has a higher one Has softening temperature range than the second fiber content and the thermal consolidation of the fiber composite is carried out by suitable softening of the second fiber content.
  • the adhesive softening temperature can be chosen so that a softening of the second fiber content of the second fiber component takes place to such an extent that an adhesion not only of second fiber portions of the second fiber component with each other but also a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers first fiber component with softened material of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component, ie a partial or total embedding of such locations of fibers of the first fiber component in material of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component, whereby a correspondingly increased stabilization solidification of the fiber composite arises.
  • the second fiber component is the already mentioned side-by-side fiber structure.
  • partial or total sheathing may occur not only of individual locations of the fibers of the first fiber component but also of the first fiber portion of the second fiber component.
  • the thermal bonding of the fiber composite achieved by using the adhesive softening temperature is to be selected such that there is sufficient water vapor permeability of the fiber composite, i. the fiber bonds always remain limited to individual bonding sites, so that sufficient unverkginge sites remain for the transport of water vapor.
  • the choice of the adhesive softening temperature can be made according to the desired requirements of the respective practical embodiment, in particular with regard to the stability properties and the water vapor permeability.
  • barrier material is particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole, which is designed to receive a high water vapor permeability with large openings, so that on the one hand a barrier material to protect a membrane above it against the pushing of foreign bodies such as pebbles by a such breakthrough through to the membrane and on the other hand due to the large openings requires additional stabilization.
  • the degree of softening properties of the barrier material can be adjusted such as air permeability, water vapor permeability and mechanical stability of the barrier material.
  • its fiber composite is a fabric which may be a woven, knitted, knitted, nonwoven, felt, netting or scrim.
  • the fiber composite is a mechanically stabilized nonwoven, wherein the mechanical consolidation can be achieved by needling the fiber composite.
  • a hydroentanglement can be used, in which instead of real needles water jets are used for mechanically consolidating confusion of the fibers of the fiber composite.
  • the first fiber component is a carrier component and the second fiber component is a solidification component of the barrier material.
  • the first fiber portion of the second fiber component forms an additional carrier component adjacent the first fiber component, the second fiber portion of the second fiber component forms the solidification component of the barrier material.
  • the selection of materials for the fiber components in one embodiment is selected such that at least a portion of the second fiber component, and when the second fiber component comprises at least a first fiber portion and a second fiber portion, at least a portion of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component in a Temperature can be activated in the range between 80 ° C and 230 ° C for a glutinous softening.
  • the second softening temperature range is between 60 ° C and 220 ° C.
  • the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is at a temperature of at least 130 ° C melt-resistant, wherein in practical embodiments, a melt resistance at a temperature of at least 170 ° C or even at least 250 ° C by appropriate selection of the material for the first fiber component and optionally for the first fiber content of the second fiber component is selected.
  • first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component materials such as natural fibers, plastic fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and mixtures thereof are suitable.
  • natural fibers plastic fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and mixtures thereof are suitable.
  • leather fibers represent a suitable material.
  • the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber portion of the second fiber component is constructed with at least one plastic fiber suitable for thermal consolidation at a suitable temperature.
  • At least one of the two fiber components and optionally at least one of the two fiber components of the second fiber component is selected from the group comprising polyolefins, polyamide, co-polyamide, viscose, polyurethane, polyacrylic, polybutylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof.
  • the polyolefin may be selected from polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is selected from the polyester and co-polyester material group.
  • At least the second fiber component and optionally at least the second fiber portion of the second fiber component is constructed with at least one thermoplastic.
  • the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber component of the second fiber component can be selected from the material group polyamide, co-polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate and polyolefins or else from the material group polyester and co-polyester.
  • thermoplastics examples include polyethylene, polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • suitable materials are rubber, thermoplastic rubber (TR, from Thermoplastic Rubber) and polyurethane (PU).
  • thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) whose parameters (hardness, color, elasticity, etc.) are very variably adjustable.
  • both fiber portions of the second fiber component are made of polyester, wherein the polyester of the second fiber portion has a lower melting temperature than the polyester of the first fiber portion.
  • At least the second fiber component has a core-shell structure, i. a structure in which a core material of the fiber component is coaxially surrounded by a cladding layer.
  • the first fiber portion having a higher melting temperature forms the core and the second fiber portion having a lower melting temperature forms the jacket.
  • At least the second fiber component has a side-by-side structure, ie, there are two fiber portions of different material running side by side in the fiber longitudinal direction, each having a semi-circular cross-section, for example, set in such a way that the two fiber components are side by side adjacent to each other lying.
  • one side forms the first fiber portion having a higher melting temperature and the second side forms the second fiber portion of the second fiber component of the barrier material having a lower melting temperature.
  • the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite in the range of 10% to 90%. In one embodiment, the weight percent of the second fiber component is in the range of 10% to 60%. In practical embodiments, the weight percentage of the second fiber component is 50% or 20%.
  • the materials for the two fiber components and optionally for the two fiber portions of the second fiber component are selected such that their melting temperatures differ by at least 20 ° C.
  • the barrier material may be thermally consolidated throughout its thickness. Depending on the requirements to be achieved, in particular with regard to air permeability, water vapor permeability and stability, one can choose an embodiment in which only a part of the thickness of the barrier material is thermally bonded.
  • the barrier material thermally bonded over at least part of its thickness is additionally pressed on at least one surface by means of pressure and temperature to smooth the surface of the surface. It may be advantageous to smooth the underside of the barrier material facing the running surface of the shoe sole composite by surface compression, because then dirt which passes through apertures of the composite shoe sole to the underside of the barrier material adheres to it less easily. At the same time, the abrasion resistance of the barrier material increases.
  • the barrier material is provided or treated with one or more of the material group water repellents, soil release agents, oil repellents, antibacterial agents, anti-odorants, and combinations thereof.
  • the barrier material is water repellent, stain resistant, oil repellent, antibacterial and / or odor treated.
  • the barrier material has a water vapor permeability of at least 4,000 g / m 2 .24 h. In practical embodiments, a water vapor permeability of at least 7,000 g / m 2 x 24 h or even 10,000 g / m 2 x 24 h is selected.
  • the barrier material is water-permeable.
  • the barrier material has a thickness in the range of at least 1 mm to 5 mm, wherein practical embodiments are in particular in the range of 1 mm to 2.5 mm or even in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm, wherein the specifically chosen thickness depends on the particular application of the barrier material and also on which surface smoothness, air permeability, water vapor permeability and mechanical strength one wants to provide.
  • the barrier material comprises a fiber composite having at least two fiber components differing in melting temperature and softening temperature range, wherein a first fiber component is polyester and has a first melting temperature and a first softening temperature range thereunder, and at least a part thereof second fiber component has a second melting temperature and an underlying second softening temperature range, wherein the first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range.
  • the second fiber component has a core-sheath structure and a first fiber portion of polyester, which forms the core, and a second fiber portion of polyester, which forms the sheath, wherein the first fiber portion has a higher melting temperature and a higher softening temperature range than the second Has fiber content.
  • the fiber composite is thermally bonded due to thermal activation of the second fiber component with a lying in the second softening temperature range adhesive softening temperature while maintaining Water vapor permeability in the thermally bonded area and is in the fiber composite to a needled nonwoven, which is pressed on at least one of its surfaces by means of pressure and temperature.
  • the barrier material is obtainable by surface compression of a surface of the fiber composite with a surface pressure in the range of 11.5 N / cm 2 to 4 N / cm 2 at a heating plate temperature of 230 ° C for 10 s.
  • the surface compression of a surface of the fiber composite takes place with a surface pressure of 3.3 N / cm 2 at a temperature of the heating plate of 230 ° C at 10 s.
  • the barrier material is made with a puncture strength in the range of 290 N to 320 N, so that it provides good protection for a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane overlying it, against the pressing of foreign bodies such as small stones.
  • Such barrier material is thus particularly suitable in a water-vapor-permeable composite shoe sole as a water-vapor-permeable barrier layer which stabilizes the composite shoe sole and protects a membrane located above it.
  • a barrier unit constructed with such barrier material is therefore particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole according to the invention.
  • At least one stabilizing device for stabilizing the barrier material and thus the composite shoe sole is associated with the barrier material.
  • This is advantageous, in particular, when the barrier material itself is not or not sufficiently formed as a stabilizing material, so that the barrier material undergoes stabilization or stabilization support from the stabilization device.
  • additional stability is added to the intrinsic stability which the barrier material has, for example due to its thermal solidification and optionally surface compression, which can be effected selectively at specific locations of the barrier unit, in particular in the region of apertures of the composite shoe sole makes large area to provide a high water vapor permeability of the composite shoe sole.
  • the forefoot and midfoot area of the shoe sole composite speech In the human foot, the forefoot of the toe and ball to the beginning of the medial arch extending comfortablyllinds Society and the metatarsal is theticianlteils Scheme between the ball and the heel.
  • forefoot and midfoot region In the context of the composite shoe sole according to the invention, by “forefoot and midfoot region” is meant that longitudinal region of the composite shoe sole over which the forefoot or the midfoot of the wearer of the footwear extends when wearing a footwear provided with such a composite shoe sole.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 15% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 40% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 60% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed so that at least 75% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 15% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 60% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.
  • the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 75% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • metatarsal stabilizers leading to the various percentages set forth above may each be combined with the individual forefoot region stabilizers leading to the various percentages given above.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 15% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 25% of the front half of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 50% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 60% of the front half of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 75% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 15% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 25% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 50% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 60% of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the at least one stabilizing device is designed so that at least 75% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
  • the abovementioned percentages in connection with the water vapor permeability relate to that part of the entire composite shoe sole which corresponds to the area within the outer contour of the sole of the wearer of the shoe, ie essentially to that surface part of the composite shoe sole which in the finished footwear measures from the inner circumference of the shoe sole is surrounded on the sole side lower shaft end (sole side shaft contour).
  • a shoe sole edge, which protrudes radially outward beyond the sole-side shaft contour, that is beyond the sole of the wearer of the footwear, does not need to have any water vapor permeability because there is no perspiration-absorbent foot region there.
  • the stated percentages therefore relate, with respect to the forefoot area, to the portion of the area enclosed by the sole-side upper contour and, with respect to the metatarsal area, to the portion of the area enclosed by the sole-side upper contour.
  • the footwear under consideration has, for example, business shoes whose outsole has an outsole peripheral edge protruding relatively far beyond the outside of the sole-side shank contour, which is sewn firmly, for example, to a mounting frame which also revolves around the outside of the sole-side shank contour, this area needs to be in the area of this outsole circumference edge There is no water vapor permeability, since this area is outside the part of the shoe sole composite that has entered from the foot and therefore no perspiration takes place in this area.
  • the percentages given in the preceding paragraphs refer to footwear that does not have the above-mentioned, for business shoes typical protruding outsole edge.
  • this outsole area of a business shoe can make up about 20% of the total surface area of the sole, it can be used on business shoes deduct about 20% of the total surface area of the sole and relate the abovementioned percentages by percentage of the water vapor permeability of the composite shoe sole to the remaining approximately 80% of the total surface area of the sole.
  • the stabilization device can consist of one or more stabilizing webs, which are arranged, for example, on the outsole-side underside of the barrier material.
  • the stabilization device is provided with at least one opening, which forms at least one part of the opening after creation of the shoe sole composite and is closed with barrier material.
  • the abovementioned percentages of water vapor permeability in the forefoot region and / or in the midfoot region are provided predominantly or even exclusively in the region of the at least one opening of the stabilization device.
  • At least one support element which extends from the side of the barrier material facing the tread to the level of the tread, is associated with the barrier material in the opening or in at least one of the openings, such that the barrier material passes over the support element when running supported on the ground.
  • at least one of the stabilizing webs may be formed simultaneously as a support element.
  • the passage openings of the outsole parts and the barrier unit may have the same or different surface area. It is important that these passage openings at least partially overlap, wherein a sectional area of the respective passage opening of the barrier unit and the respective passage opening of the outsole or of the respective outsole part forms an opening through the entire composite shoe sole.
  • the extent of the opening is greatest when the corresponding passage opening of the barrier unit at least is the same size and extends over the entire extent of the associated passage opening of the outsole or the outsole part, or vice versa.
  • the stabilization device with the at least one stabilizing web is not part of the at least one outsole part. This means that the stabilizing device and in particular the at least one stabilizing web do not take on an outsole function.
  • the stabilizing device with the at least one stabilizing web at a distance from a ground or ground.
  • the composite shoe sole with its outsole is intended for running and standing on a ground or surface.
  • the at least one stabilizing web is located in the composite shoe sole above the ground or ground, and a certain distance is provided between the stabilizing web and the ground. In one embodiment, the distance corresponds to the thickness of the at least one outsole part, which is arranged below the barrier unit.
  • the at least one stabilizing web has a distance to a ground or ground, applies when a stabilizing web is simultaneously formed as a supporting element that extends to the ground or ground.
  • the outsole part comprises a first material and the stabilizing device has a second material which is different from the first material, wherein the second material is harder (according to Shore) than the first material.
  • Hardness is the mechanical resistance that a body opposes to the penetration of another, harder body.
  • the stabilization device is provided with a plurality of openings, these can be closed either as a whole with one piece of the barrier material or each with a piece of the barrier material.
  • the stabilizing device may be designed to be sole-shaped, if it is to extend over the entire surface of the shoe sole composite, or partially insole, if it is to be provided only in a part of the composite shoe sole surface.
  • the stabilizing device of the barrier unit has at least one stabilizing frame stabilizing at least the composite shoe sole, so that the composite shoe sole undergoes further stabilization in addition to the stabilizing effect by the barrier material.
  • a particularly good stabilizing effect is achieved by fitting the stabilization frame in the at least one opening or in at least one of the apertures of the shoe sole composite, so that where the sole of the shoe sole has been weakened by the largest possible perforations in its stability, with the help of the stabilization frame Nevertheless, a good stabilization of the composite shoe sole is ensured.
  • the at least one opening of the stabilization device has an area of at least 1 cm 2 .
  • an opening area of the at least one opening of at least 5 cm 2 for example in the range of 8-15 cm 2 or even at least 10 cm 2 or even at least 20 cm 2 or even at least 40 cm 2 is selected.
  • the stabilization device has at least one stabilizing web, which is arranged on at least one surface of the barrier material and at least partially traverses the surface of the at least one opening. If the stabilizing device is provided with a stabilizing frame, the stabilizing bar can be arranged on the stabilizing frame. There may be provided a plurality of stabilizing webs which form a latticed structure on at least one surface of the barrier material. Such a lattice structure leads to a particularly good stabilization of the shoe sole composite on the one hand and can also prevent larger foreign bodies such as larger stones or soil surveys to push through to the barrier material and be felt by the user of the equipped with such a barrier unit footwear when they occur.
  • the stabilization device of the barrier unit of the shoe sole composite according to the invention is constructed with at least one thermoplastic.
  • thermoplastic materials of the type already mentioned above can be used.
  • the stabilization device and the barrier material are at least partially connected to each other, for example by gluing, welding, injection molding, encapsulation, vulcanization and recolcanization.
  • fastening between the stabilization device and the barrier material predominantly takes place on opposite surface areas of both.
  • a circumferential encapsulation of the barrier material with the stabilization device takes place predominantly.
  • the composite shoe sole is water-permeable.
  • the invention makes available footwear with a composite shoe sole according to the invention, which may be constructed, for example, according to one or more of the embodiments previously mentioned in connection with the composite shoe sole.
  • the footwear on a shaft which is provided on a sole side Schaftend Scheme with a waterproof and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer, wherein the composite shoe sole with the shaft bottom functional layer provided Schaftend Scheme is connected such that the shaft bottom functional layer is unconnected to the barrier material at least in the region of the at least one opening of the composite shoe sole.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer on the sole side shaft end region and the barrier material in the composite shoe sole according to the invention lead to several advantages.
  • the handling of the shaft bottom functional layer is brought into the area of shaft production during production and kept out of the area of the production of the composite shoe sole. This takes account of the practice that often shank manufacturers and composite sole producers are different manufacturers or at least different production areas and the shank manufacturers are usually better prepared to deal with functional layer material and problems than shoe sole manufacturers or composite shoe sole manufacturers.
  • the shank bottom functional layer and the barrier material if not housed in the same composite but split onto the shank bottom and shoe sole composites, can be kept substantially unconnected with each other even after attachment of the composite shoe sole to the lower shank end region because their positioning relative to one another in the finished one Footwear is accomplished by the attachment (by gluing or sprinkling) of Schuhsohlenverbundes lower shaft end.
  • To keep the shaft bottom functional layer and the barrier material completely or largely unconnected means that no bonding must take place between the two, which would lead to blocking of a part of the active surface of the functional layer in the case of water vapor permeability, even when glued to a punctate-shaped adhesive.
  • the shaft is constructed with at least one shaft material which has a watertight shaft functional layer at least in the region of the sole side shaft end region, wherein a watertight seal exists between the shaft functional layer and the shaft bottom functional layer.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer is associated with a water vapor permeable shaft mounting sole, wherein the shaft bottom functional layer may be part of a multilayer laminate.
  • the shaft mounting sole itself may also be formed by the shaft bottom functional layer constructed with the laminate.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer and optionally the shaft functional layer may be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable coating or by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane, which may be either a microporous membrane or a nonporous membrane.
  • the membrane comprises stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
  • Suitable materials for the waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer are in particular polyurethane, polypropylene and polyester, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in the publications US-A-4,725,418 and US-A-4,493,870 are described.
  • stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE
  • ePTFE stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene
  • a microporous functional layer is understood to be a functional layer whose average pore size is between about 0.2 ⁇ m and about 0.3 ⁇ m. The pore size can be measured with the Coulter Porometer (trade name) manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeath, Florida, USA.
  • the invention provides a method for the production of footwear which, in addition to a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole according to one or more embodiments specified above for the composite shoe sole, has a shaft which is attached to a sole-side upper end region with a watertight and water-vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer is provided.
  • a watertight and water-vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer is provided.
  • the shaft is provided with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer on the sole side shaft end region.
  • the composite shoe sole and the shank bottom functional layer Provided sole side shaft end region are connected to each other such that the shaft bottom functional layer remains unconnected to the barrier material at least in the region of at least one opening.
  • the sole-side shaft end region is closed with the shaft bottom functional layer.
  • the shaft is provided with a shaft functional layer, a watertight connection is made between the shaft functional layer and the shaft bottom functional layer. This leads to an all-round waterproof and water vapor permeable footwear.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 An embodiment of a barrier material according to the invention which is particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole according to the invention will first be explained. This is followed by reference to the FIGS. 4 to 11 Explanations of embodiments of a barrier unit according to the invention. Based on FIGS. 12 to 27 Embodiments of the footwear according to the invention and shoe sole composites according to the invention will be explained.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment of barrier material consists of a fiber composite 1 in the form of a thermally bonded and thermally surface-bonded nonwoven fabric.
  • This fiber composite 1 consists of two fiber components 2, 3, which are each constructed, for example, with polyester fibers.
  • a first fiber component 2 which serves as a carrier component of the fiber composite 1
  • a higher melting temperature than the second fiber component 3 which serves as a solidification component.
  • polyester polymers that have different melting temperatures and corresponding underlying softening temperatures.
  • barrier material is selected for the first component, a polyester polymer having a melting temperature of about 230 ° C, while selected for at least a fiber content of the second fiber component 3, a polyester polymer having a melting temperature of about 200 ° C.
  • the core 4 of this fiber component consists of a polyester having a softening temperature of about 230 ° C and the sheath of this fiber component is polyester having an adhesive softening temperature of about 200 ° C ( FIG. 2b ).
  • Such a fiber component with two fiber portions of different melting temperature is also referred to as "bico" for short. In the following, this abbreviation will also be used.
  • the fibers of the two fiber components are each staple fibers having the above-mentioned specific characteristics.
  • the weight fraction of the first fiber component is about 50%.
  • the weight fraction of the second fiber component is also about 50% based on the basis weight of the fiber composite.
  • the fineness of the first fiber component is 6.7 dtex, whereas the second fiber component formed as bico has a higher fineness of 4.4 dtex.
  • the fiber components present as staple fibers are first mixed. Thereafter, a plurality of individual layers of this staple fiber mixture in the form of several individual nonwoven layers are placed on each other until the target for the fiber composite basis weight is reached, whereby one arrives at a fleece package.
  • This fleece package has very little mechanical stability and must therefore undergo some solidification processes.
  • the thickness of the fleece package is already reduced compared with the starting thickness of the non-needled package.
  • this structure obtained by needling is not yet durable, since it is a purely mechanical three-dimensional "entanglement" of the staple fibers, which can be "unhooked” under load again.
  • the fiber composite according to the invention is further treated. It uses thermal energy and pressure.
  • the advantageous composition of the fiber mixture is utilized, wherein for the thermal solidification of the fiber mixture, a temperature is selected such that they are at least in the range of the adhesive softening temperature of melting at a lower melting temperature
  • Mantels of the core-shell Bico is to soften them to a viscous state so far that the fiber content of the first fiber component, which are in the vicinity of the softened mass of the jacket of the respective Bicos, can be partially enclosed in this viscous mass.
  • the two fiber components are permanently connected to each other, without changing the basic structure and structure of the nonwoven.
  • the advantageous properties of this nonwoven fabric can be utilized, in particular its good water vapor permeability, combined with a permanent mechanical stabilizing property.
  • FIG. 2 Such a thermally bonded nonwoven fabric is shown in a schematic representation in FIG. 2 shown in FIG. 2a a detailed view of a section on a greatly enlarged scale is shown, in which adhesive connection points between individual fibers are represented by flat black spots, and Figure 2b shows an area of this section on an even larger scale.
  • thermal surface compression may still be performed on at least one surface of the nonwoven material by simultaneously exposing this nonwoven material surface to pressure and temperature, for example by means of heated press plates or press rolls. The result is an even stronger solidification than in the remaining volume of the nonwoven material and a smoothing of the thermally pressed surface.
  • FIG. 3 A nonwoven fabric which is mechanically consolidated by needling, then thermally consolidated and finally thermally surface pressed on one of its surfaces is in FIG. 3 shown schematically.
  • An enclosed comparison table compares different types of material, including barrier material according to the invention, with regard to a few parameters.
  • sole split leather, two needle-bonded nonwoven materials, a needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven and finally a needle-bonded, thermally bonded and thermally surface-spun nonwoven are considered, these materials being assigned to the comparison table in order to simplify the following consideration of the comparative table of material numbers 1 to 5.
  • the longitudinal strain values and the transverse strain values show by what percentage the respective material stretches when subjected to an expansion force of 50 N, 100 N or 150 N respectively.
  • the puncture resistance is important.
  • sole split leather has a high tensile strength, a relatively good resistance to stretching forces and a high puncture resistance, but that it has only a moderate abrasion resistance in wet samples and in particular a very moderate water vapor permeability.
  • needle-bonded nonwoven materials material 2 and material 3
  • material 2 and material 3 are relatively light and have a high water vapor transmission value compared to leather, they have a relatively low resistance to stretching forces, have only low puncture resistance and have only a moderate abrasion resistance.
  • the needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven fabric (material 4) has a smaller basis weight than the materials 2 and 3 and is therefore more compact.
  • the water vapor permeability of the material 4 is higher than that of the material 2 and about the same as that of the material 3, but almost three times as large as that of the leather according to material 1.
  • the longitudinal and transverse expansion resistances of the material 4 are significantly higher than those of only needle-bonded nonwoven materials 2 and 3, and the longitudinal and transverse load to break is also significantly higher than for the materials 2 and 3. Substantially higher than for the materials 2 and 3 are also the puncture resistance and abrasion resistance in material 4.
  • the material 5, so needle-bonded, thermally bonded and thermally pressed on a surface nonwoven material has a smaller thickness than the material 4 due to the thermal fatiguenverpressung with the same basis weight, thus contributes less in a composite shoe sole.
  • the water vapor permeability With regard to the expansion resistance, the material 5 is also superior to the material 4, since it shows no elongation at the applied longitudinal and transverse expansion forces of 50 N to 150 N.
  • the tear strength is higher with respect to longitudinal load and lower than that of the material 4 in terms of transverse load.
  • the puncture resistance is slightly below that of the material 4, which is caused by the smaller thickness of the material 5.
  • a particular superiority over all materials 1 to 4 has the material 5 in terms of abrasion resistance.
  • the comparison table thus shows that when it comes to the barrier material on a high water vapor permeability, high dimensional stability and thus stabilizing effect and high abrasion resistance, the material 4, in particular the material 5 is quite particularly well suited.
  • the needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven which already has a very good stabilization, in one embodiment of the invention is then further subjected to a hydrophobing finish, for example by a dipping operation in a hydrophobizing liquid to minimize suction effects of the nonwoven material.
  • a hydrophobing finish for example by a dipping operation in a hydrophobizing liquid to minimize suction effects of the nonwoven material.
  • the nonwoven is dried under heat, whereby the hydrophobic property of the applied equipment is further improved.
  • the nonwoven passes through a calibrator, whereby the final thickness of, for example, 1.5 mm is set.
  • the nonwoven is then again subjected to temperature and pressure to remelt the fusible fiber components, namely in the jacket of Bicos of the second fiber component, on the surface of the nonwoven fabric and with the help of simultaneously applied pressure against a very smooth surface to press.
  • a Trennmateriallage can be introduced, which is, for example, silicone paper or Teflon.
  • the surface smoothing by thermal surface compression is performed depending on the desired properties of the barrier material only on one surface or both surfaces of the nonwoven material.
  • the nonwoven thus produced has a high resistance to tearing load and has a good puncture resistance, which is important when using the material as a barrier material for protecting a membrane.
  • the material 5 described above constitutes a first embodiment of barrier material used according to the invention, in which both fiber components are made of polyester, both fiber components have a weight percentage of 50% on the total fiber composite and the second fiber component is a polyester core-sheath fiber of the Bico type.
  • a barrier material wherein both fiber components are polyester and have a weight percentage of 50% on the entire fiber composite and the second fiber component is a side-by-side type polyester bico.
  • the barrier material according to Embodiment 2 is manufactured in the same manner and has the same properties as the barrier material according to Embodiment 1 with a core-sheath type bico-fiber.
  • the second fiber component used is not a bico but a monocomponent fiber.
  • the polyester fiber having a melting point of about 230 ° C
  • the carrier component while the polypropylene fiber with a weight fraction of 50% also has a lower melting point of about 130 ° C and thus the adhesive solidification component represents.
  • the manufacturing process otherwise proceeds as in the embodiment 1.
  • the nonwoven according to Embodiment 3 has a lower thermal stability, but can also be produced using lower temperatures.
  • Barrier material comprising 80% polyester as the first fiber component and a polyester core-shell bico as the second fiber component.
  • the production is again as in the embodiment 1, but with the difference that the proportion of the hardening component forming second fiber component is changed.
  • Their weight content is only 20% compared to 80% of the weight, which is formed by the higher-melting first fiber component.
  • the proportionate reduction of the solidification component reduces the stabilizing effect of the resulting barrier material. This can be advantageous if a nonwoven with high mechanical durability combined with increased flexibility is required.
  • the temperature resistance of this nonwoven corresponds to that of the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 4 to 11 Now some embodiments of a shoe sole composite or a barrier unit or details thereof are considered.
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial cross section through a composite shoe sole 21 with a lower sole 23 and an overlying Schuhstabilmaschines worn 25 before this shoe sole composite 21 is provided with a barrier material.
  • the outsole 23 and the shoe stabilization device 25 each have passage openings 27 and 29, which together form an opening 31 through the total thickness of the composite shoe sole 21.
  • the opening 31 is thus formed by the sectional area of the two passage openings 27 and 29.
  • barrier material 33 placed in the passage opening 29 or arranged above this.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a barrier unit 35 with a piece of barrier material 33, which is enclosed by a stabilizer 25.
  • the stabilization device is sprayed or sprayed around a peripheral region of the piece of barrier material 33, such that the material of the stabilization device 25 penetrates into the fiber structure of the barrier material 33 where it hardens and forms a firm bond.
  • Thermoplastic polyurethane for example, which leads to a very good enclosure of the barrier material and bonds well with it, is suitable as the material for the encapsulation of the stabilization device or the injection molding onto the stabilization device.
  • the barrier material 33 is adhered to the stabilization device 25.
  • the stabilization device 25 preferably has a stabilizing frame stabilizing at least the composite shoe sole 21 and at least one stabilizing web 37 which is arranged on a surface of the barrier material 33.
  • the at least one stabilizing web 37 is arranged on an underside of the barrier material 33, which is directed towards the outsole.
  • FIG. 6 shows a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is enclosed by a stabilizer 25 in the sense that the edge region of the barrier material 33 is not only surrounded by the stabilizer 25, but also overlapped on both surfaces.
  • FIG. 7 shows a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided with a stabilizing device 25 in the form of at least one stabilizing web 37.
  • the stabilizing web 37 is arranged at least on one surface of the barrier material 33, preferably on the surface directed downwards towards the outsole 23.
  • FIG. 8 1 shows a barrier unit 35 in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided with a stabilizer 25 such that the barrier material 33 is mounted on at least one surface of the stabilizer 25.
  • the barrier material 33 covers the passage opening 29.
  • the stabilization bar 37 is located within the passage opening 29 of the stabilization device 25.
  • FIG. 9 shows a composite shoe sole 21 according to FIG. 4 , above the outsole 23 a barrier unit according to FIG. 5 having only one stabilizing web 37 is shown.
  • the bonding material during injection molding, encapsulation or gluing between barrier material 33 and stabilizer 25 not only adheres to the surfaces to be joined, but penetrates into the fiber structure and cures there.
  • the fiber structure is additionally reinforced in their connection area.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 Two embodiments of stabilizing web patterns of stabilizing webs 37 applied to a surface of the barrier material 33 are shown. While in the case of FIG. 10 on a circular surface 43, for example, the underside of the barrier material 33, which corresponds for example to an opening of the composite shoe sole 21, three individual webs 37a, 37b and 37c are arranged in a T-shaped mutual arrangement, for example by sticking to the underside of the barrier material is in the case of FIG. 11 a stabilization web device is provided in the form of a stabilizing grid 37d.
  • FIG. 12 shows in perspective oblique view from below an embodiment of a shoe 101 according to the invention with a shaft 103 and a composite shoe sole 105.
  • the shoe 101 has a forefoot portion 107, a midfoot portion 109, a heel portion 111 and a predominantlyeinschlüpfö réelle 113.
  • the composite shoe sole 105 has on its underside a multi-part outsole 117, which has a outsole part 117a in the heel area, a outsole part 117b in the ball of the foot area and a outsole part 117c in the toe area of the composite shoe sole 105.
  • outsole parts 117 are attached to the underside of a stabilizer 119 having a heel region 119a, a midfoot region 119b, and a forefoot region 119c.
  • the composite shoe sole 105 will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
  • Further components of the composite shoe sole 105 may be damping sole parts 121 a and 121 b, which are applied in the heel region 111 and in the forefoot region 107 on the upper side of the stabilization device 119.
  • the outsole 117 and the stabilizing device 119 each have passage openings which form openings through the composite shoe sole. These openings are covered by barrier material parts 33a-33d in a water vapor permeable manner.
  • FIG. 13a shows the shoe 101 according to FIG. 12 in a manufacturing stage, in which the shaft 103 and the composite shoe sole 105 are still separated from each other.
  • the shaft 103 is provided on its sole-side lower end portion with a shaft bottom 221, which has a waterproof, water vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer, which may be a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane.
  • the functional layer is preferably part of a multilayer functional layer laminate which, in addition to the functional layer, has at least one support layer, for example a textile side for processing protection.
  • the shaft bottom 115 may be provided with a shaft mounting sole.
  • the composite shoe sole has the already in FIG.
  • the composite shoe sole 105 may be attached to the sole-side shaft end either by injection molding or by gluing in order to obtain the state according to FIG FIG. 12 manufacture.
  • FIG. 13b shows the same shoe structure as in FIG. 13a , with the difference that the shoe is in FIG. 13a has four openings 31, while the shoe after FIG. 13b equipped with two openings 31.
  • the webs 37 are arranged within the peripheral edge of the respective aperture 31 and form no limitation of the aperture 31. The area of an opening is determined less the total area of the webs crossing it, since this land area blocks the transport of water vapor.
  • FIG. 14 shows a composite shoe sole 105 with a top remote from the outsole 117 top.
  • the stabilizing device 119 is covered in its central region 119b and in its forefoot region 119c with a plurality of pieces 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d of a barrier material 33, with which FIG. 14 not visible openings of the shoe sole composite 105 are covered.
  • a damping sole portion 121a and 121b are respectively applied on the upper side of the stabilization unit 119, in the heel area substantially over the entire area and in the forefoot area with recesses where the barrier material portions 33b, 33c and 33d are located.
  • the outsole parts of the outsole 117, the stabilizer 119 and the damping sole parts 121 a and 121 b have different functions within the composite shoe sole, they are expediently constructed with different materials.
  • the outsole parts which are to have a good abrasion resistance, for example, consist of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or rubber.
  • Thermoplastic polyurethane is the generic term for a large number of different polyurethanes, which can have different properties.
  • a thermoplastic polyurethane can be chosen with a high stability and skid resistance.
  • the damping sole parts 121 a and 121 b which are to cause a shock absorption in the walking movements for the user of the shoe, consist of correspondingly elastically yielding material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyurethane (PU).
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • the stabilizer 119 which for the non-contiguous outsole parts 117 a, 117 b, 117 c and for also non-contiguous damping sole parts 121 a, 121 b serves as a holder and for the entire shoe sole dressing 105 as a stabilizing element and should have a corresponding elastic stiffness, for example, consists of at least one thermoplastic.
  • thermoplastics examples include polyethylene, polyamide, polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • suitable materials are rubber, thermoplastic rubber (TR, from Thermoplastic Rubber) and polyurethane (PU). Also suitable is thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
  • FIG. 15 shown in exploded view, ie in a representation in which the individual parts of the shoe sole composite 105 are shown separately from each other, with the exception of the barrier material parts 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d, which are already arranged as arranged on the stabilizer means parts 119b and 119c.
  • the stabilizing device 119 has its parts 119a, 119b and 119c as initially separate parts, which are connected to one another in the course of assembly of the shoe sole composite 105 to the stabilizing device 119, which can be done by welding or gluing the three stabilizer parts together.
  • FIG. 15 shown in exploded view, ie in a representation in which the individual parts of the shoe sole composite 105 are shown separately from each other, with the exception of the barrier material parts 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d, which are already arranged as arranged on the stabilizer means parts 119b and 119c.
  • the stabilizing device 119 has its parts 119a, 119b and 119c as initially separate parts, which
  • barrier material parts openings which, together with openings 123a, 123b and 123c in the outsole parts 117a, 117b and 117c openings 31 of the associated in connection with FIG. 4 form already explained and covered with the barrier material parts 33a-33d in a water vapor permeable manner.
  • a passage opening 125 in the heel part 119a of the stabilization device 119 is not closed with barrier material 33 but with the full-surface damping sole part 121 a. This achieves a better damping effect of the composite shoe sole 105 in the heel region of the shoe, where perspiration moisture removal may under certain circumstances be less necessary since foot perspiration forms predominantly in the forefoot and midfoot region, but not in the heel region.
  • the damping sole portion 121 b is provided with through holes 127 a, 127 b and 127 c, which are dimensioned so that the barrier material parts 33 b, 33 c, 33 d within a per each enclosing boundary edge 129 a, 129 b and 129 c of the Stabiltechnischss Rheinsteils 119 c in the through holes 127 a, 127 b and 127c can be recorded.
  • the parts of the stabilizer 119 a, 119 b and 119 c a flat surface without boundary edge 129 a, 129 b, 129 c, so that the barrier material 33 is placed flush with the surface of the stabilizer in the openings.
  • the composite sole is formed only by the barrier unit constructed of barrier material 33 and stabilizer 119, and the outsole.
  • shoe sole composite parts 105 shown obliquely above are shown in FIG. 16 also shown in a separate arrangement, but in an oblique view from below.
  • the outsole parts 117a to 117c are provided in the usual way with an outsole profile in order to reduce the risk of slipping.
  • the undersides of the stabilizer parts 119a and 119e have on their underside a plurality of knob-like projections 131 which are adapted to receive in FIG. 15 to see complementary recesses in the tops of the outsole parts 117a, 117b and 117c for positionally correct connection of the outsole parts 117a to 117c with the associated stabilizer means parts 119a and 119c serve.
  • openings 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d can be seen in the stabilizing device parts 119b and 119d, which are covered with the respectively associated barrier material part 33a, 33b, 33c or 33d in a water vapor permeable manner, whereby the openings 31 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) of the composite shoe sole 105 are closed in a way permeable to water vapor.
  • the barrier material parts are arranged with their smooth surface facing the outsole.
  • the openings 135a to 135d are each bridged with a stabilizing grid 137a, 137b, 137c and 137e, which each form a stabilizing structure in the region of the respectively associated opening of the stabilizing device 119.
  • these stabilizing gratings 137a-137e act against the penetration of larger foreign objects to the barrier material 33 or beyond, which could be unpleasantly felt by the user of the shoe.
  • the overlapping in the assembly of the stabilizer 119 from the three stabilizer means 119a to 119c on the side facing away from the outsole attachment side upper sides of the Stabilmaschiness Rheinsmaschine 119a and 119c come to rest to be fixed there, for example by welding or gluing.
  • FIG. 17 shows in opposite FIG. 16 enlarged representation of the two stabilizing device parts 119a and 119b before their attachment to each other, the openings 135b to 135d of the forefoot stabilization device part 119c and the stabilizing grid structures therein are particularly well visible.
  • the middle stabilization device part 119b shows bent-up frame and lattice parts on the longitudinal sides.
  • the barrier material piece 33a to be placed on the stabilization device part 119b is provided on its longitudinal sides with correspondingly upwardly curved side wings 141.
  • the at least one opening 135a-135d of the stabilizer 119b and 119c is bounded by the frame 147 of the stabilizer 119 and not by the existing webs 37 in the openings 135a-135d.
  • the boundary edges 129a-129c shown in this embodiment represent part of the respective frame 147.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 A further modification of the barrier foot portion provided with the stabilizer portion 119b and the barrier material portion 33a for the midfoot portion is disclosed in FIGS FIGS. 18 and 19 shown in FIG. 18 in the assembled state and in FIG. 19 while these two parts are still separated.
  • the stabilization device part 119b provided for the metatarsal region is provided only in the central region with an opening and a stabilizing grid 137a located therein, while the two wing parts 143 on the longitudinal sides of the stabilization device part 119b are formed continuously, ie, have no opening, but are provided only on its underside with stabilizing ribs 145.
  • the barrier material piece 33a provided for this barrier unit part is narrower than in the variants of FIGS FIGS. 18 to 19 because it is not the side wings 141 according to the FIG. 17 needed.
  • FIGS. 20 to 27 Embodiments and details of inventive footwear explained, which is constructed with a composite shoe sole according to the invention.
  • the show Figures 20 . 22 and 23 an embodiment of the footwear according to the invention, in which the shaft bottom has a shaft mounting sole and additionally a functional layer laminate
  • the Figures 24 and 25 show an embodiment of footwear according to the invention, in which a shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 simultaneously assumes the function of a shaft mounting base 233.
  • the FIG. 26 shows a further embodiment of the shoe sole composite 105th
  • the shoe 101 in accordance with the Figures 12 and 13a - b a shank 103, which has an outer upper material layer 211 located on the outside, an inner lining layer 213 and a waterproof, water vapor permeable, shank functional layer layer 215 located therebetween, for example in the form of a membrane.
  • the shank functional layer layer 215 may be in the composite with the liner layer 213 as a 2-ply laminate or as a 3-ply laminate, with the shank functional layer layer 215 embedded between the liner ply 213 and a textile downside 214.
  • the upper shaft end 217 is depending on whether the cutting plane in the Figures 20 and 24 shown cross-sectional view in the forefoot or metatarsal area, closed or additionallyeinschlüpfö réelle 113 ( FIG. 12 ) open.
  • the shaft 103 is provided with a shaft bottom 221, with which the sole-side lower end of the shaft 103 is closed.
  • the shaft bottom 221 has a shaft mounting sole 233 which is connected to the sole side shaft end portion 219, which in the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 20 to 25 done by means of a Strobelnaht 235.
  • a shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 disposed below the shaft mounting sole 233 and extending beyond the circumference of the shaft mounting sole 233 to the sole side shaft end region 219.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 may be a 3-layer laminate, with the shaft bottom functional layer 248 is embedded between a textile side and a further textile layer. It is also possible to provide the Schaftêtfuntions Mrs 247 only with the textile side.
  • the upper material layer 211 is shorter than the shank functional layer layer 215, so that there is provided a projection of the shank functional layer layer 215 opposite the upper material layer 211 and the outer surface of the shank functional layer layer 215 is exposed there.
  • a mesh 241 or another material permeable to sealing material is arranged between the sole end 238 of the upper material layer 211 and the sole end 239 of the sheath functional layer 215, its longitudinal side remote from the Strobelnaht 235 by means of a first seam 243 is connected to the sole side end 238 of the upper material layer 211, but not to the Schaftfunktions slaughter 215, and its Strobelnaht 235 facing longitudinal side is connected by the Strobelnaht 235 with the sole side end 239 of the Schaftfunktions harshlage 215 and with the shaft mounting base 233.
  • the mesh band 241 is preferably made of a monofilament material so that it has no water conductivity.
  • the mesh tape is preferably used for molded soles. If the sole composite is attached to the shaft by means of adhesive, instead of the mesh belt, the sole-side end 238 of the upper material layer 211 can be fastened by means of adhesive 249 to the Zwickschaftfunktions slaughterlaminat ( FIG. 22 ).
  • a sealing material 248 is arranged between the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 and the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215, by means of which a watertight connection between the sole end 239, the shaft functional layer layer 215 and the peripheral portion 245 of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237, this seal acting through the net 241.
  • net band solution serves to prevent water that runs down or creeps on the Obermateriallage 211, reaches the Strobelnaht 235 and penetrates from there into the shoe interior. This is prevented by the fact that the sole side end 238 of the upper material layer 211 terminates at a distance from the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215, which is bridged with the non-water-conducting net 241, and in the region of the supernatant of the Schaftfunktions harshlage 215, the sealing material 247 is provided.
  • the network tape solution is known per se from the document EP 0298360 B1 ,
  • connection technologies used in the shoe industry can be used for preferably watertight connection of the shaft to the shaft bottom.
  • the illustrated mesh tape solution and the gusseted solution in FIG. 22 are exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 24 shown shaft construction is consistent with the in FIG. 20 Shaft structure shown, with the exception that there is no separate shaft mounting base is provided, but that the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 simultaneously assumes the function of a shaft mounting base 233 with. Accordingly, the circumference of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 24 is connected to the sole side end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215 via the stitching seam 235 and the sealing material 248 is applied in the region of this strobe seam 235 such that the transition between the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215 and the peripheral region of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 as a whole, including the strobe seam 235.
  • the sectional view of the composite shoe sole 105 shows the stabilization device part 119c with its opening 135c, a bridge bridging the opening of the associated stabilizing grid 137c, the upwardly upstanding frame 129b, the barrier material piece 33c inserted into this frame 129b, the damping sole part 121b on the upper side of the Stabilizer device part 119c and the outsole part 117b on the underside of the stabilizer part 119c.
  • both embodiments of the agree Figures 20 and 24 match.
  • FIG. 21 shows an example of a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided on its underside with at least one stabilizing web 37.
  • an adhesive 39 is applied, via which the barrier material 33 is connected to the waterproof, water vapor permeable shaft bottom 221, which is located outside of the composite shoe sole above the barrier unit 35.
  • the adhesive 39 is applied in such a way that the shaft bottom 221 remains unconnected to the barrier material 33 wherever no material of the stabilizing web 37 is located on the underside of the barrier material 33. In this way, it is ensured that the water vapor permeability function of the shaft bottom 115 is disturbed by adhesive 39 only where the barrier material 33 can not allow water vapor transport anyway due to the arrangement of the stabilizing web 37.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer 247 of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 in all embodiments is preferably a microporous functional layer, for example of stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
  • ePTFE stretched polytetrafluoroethylene
  • FIG. 22 shows an embodiment in which the composite sole 105 according to the invention is attached by means of fastening adhesive 250 on the shaft bottom.
  • the sheath functional layer laminate 216 is a three-layer composite having a fabric layer 214, a shank functional layer 215, and a liner 213.
  • the sole-side end 238 of the topsheet 211 is attached to the sheath-functional layer laminate 216 with pinch adhesive 249.
  • the fastening adhesive 250 is applied flat on the surface of the composite sole with the exception of the openings 135 and arranged in the openings 135 barrier material 33.
  • the fastening adhesive 250 penetrates up to and partially in the shank functional layer laminate 216 and on and partially in edge regions of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237.
  • FIG. 23 is an illustration of the shaft structure according to FIG. 20 with a molded soles composite.
  • the three-ply shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 is attached to the shaft mounting base 233 such that the textile side 246 points to the composite sole. This is advantageous because the sole spray 260 may more readily penetrate and anchor into the thin textile backing, thus providing a strong bond to the shaft bottom functional layer 237.
  • the barrier unit with the at least one opening 135 and the at least one piece of barrier material 33 is present as a prefabricated unit and is inserted into the injection mold before the injection process.
  • the sole injection material 260 is correspondingly injection molded onto the shaft bottom, penetrating through the net 241 to the shaft functional layer laminate 216.
  • FIG. 25 shows an enlarged and fragmentary view of FIG. 24
  • the sole compound 105 shows a further embodiment of the barrier unit 35 according to the invention.
  • the shoe stabilizer 119c forms part of the composite sole 105 and does not extend to the outer periphery of the composite sole 105.
  • Above the opening 135 is a piece of barrier material 33c mounted so that the material 33c rests on the peripheral continuous planar boundary edge 130 of the opening 135.
  • the composite sole 105 may be attached to the shaft bottom 221 with attachment adhesive 250 or may be injection molded with sole spray 260 (as shown).
  • FIG. 25 Also clearly shows that in the embodiment in which the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 takes over the function of the shaft mounting sole 233, the laminate comes to lie directly above the opposite top of the barrier material piece 33c, which is particularly advantageous.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 and the barrier material piece 33c no air cushion may be formed, which could impair the water vapor removal, and the barrier material piece 33c, and especially the shaft bottom functional layer 247, is particularly close to the sole of the user of such shoe, improving the water vapor removal which is co-determined by the existing temperature gradient between shoe interior and shoe exterior.
  • FIG. 26 is an illustration of another embodiment of the composite sole according to the invention.
  • the perspective view shows a plurality of openings 135 in the shoe stabilizer 119, which are arranged from the toe area to the heel area of the composite sole.
  • the stabilizing material 33 is also present in the heel area.
  • the outsole forms the outsole parts 117.
  • FIG. 27 is a representation of another embodiment of the composite sole according to the invention in cross-sectional view.
  • the sole composite 105 of this embodiment is the in FIG. 24 Similar to the soles shown.
  • the sole composite 105 according to FIG. 27 has an outsole, wherein in this figure a cross section through the ball of the foot region of the composite sole 105 is shown and therefore a cross section through the corresponding outsole part 117b.
  • the teaching according to FIG. 27 But also applies to the other areas of the composite sole 105, so also for the foot middle part and the heel part.
  • the outsole part 117b has a tread 153, which touches the ground when running.
  • FIG. 27 shows stabilizing device part 119c with its opening 135c, its upstanding peripheral edge 129b, the barrier material piece 33c inserted in the boundary edge 129b, the cushioning sole portion 121b on the upper side of the stabilizer portion 119c, and the outsole portion 117b on the lower surface of the stabilizer portion 119c.
  • a support member 151 is attached at the bottom of the barrier material piece 33c. This extends from the side of the barrier material 33 facing the tread surface to the level of the tread 153, such that the barrier material 33 is supported on the ground during operation via the support element 151. That means that an in FIG. 27 lower free end of the support member 151 when the shoe provided with this sole composite stands on a surface, this surface touches.
  • the barrier material piece 33c when running on such a surface, is substantially in its in FIG. 27 shown held so that its deflection under the burden of a user of the shoe is avoided.
  • a plurality of support members 151 can be arranged to increase the support action for the barrier material piece 33c and to make more uniform over its areal extent.
  • the support function can also be obtained by using the in FIG. 24 stabilizing web 137c shown at the same time forms as a support member 151 by the stabilizer bar 137c can not end at a distance from the underside of the outsole part 117b serving as a running surface but extended to the level of this underside.
  • the in FIG. 10 stabilizing webs 37c shown or the stabilizing grid 37d shown in FIG. 11 are formed wholly or partially as supporting elements 151.
  • a high water vapor permeability value is achieved because on the one hand large perforations are provided in the shoe sole composite 105 and they are closed with material of high water vapor permeability and because also at least in the region of the openings 31 no water vapor exchange obstructing connection between the water vapor permeable barrier material 33 and the Shaft bottom functional layer 247 exists and such a compound is present at most in the areas outside of the openings 31 of the shoe sole composite 105, which is not actively involved in water vapor exchange
  • the shaft bottom functional layer 247 is arranged close to the foot, which leads to an accelerated removal of water vapor.
  • Shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 may be a multilayer laminate having two, three, or more layers. Contained is at least one functional layer with at least one textile support for the functional layer, wherein the functional layer can be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane 247, which is preferably microporous.
  • the thickness of the barrier material according to the invention is tested according to DIN ISO 5084 (10/1996).
  • the puncture resistance of a fabric can be measured with a measuring method used by the EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research) using a testing machine of the Instron tensile testing machine (model 4465).
  • EMPA Error tensile testing machine
  • a punching iron By means of a punching iron, a round textile piece with a diameter of 13 cm is punched out and fastened on a support plate in which there are 17 holes.
  • the force for piercing the textile piece is measured by means of a load cell (a force transducer). The result is determined from a sample number of three samples.
  • a functional layer is considered to be "waterproof", if appropriate including seams provided on the functional layer, if it ensures a water inlet pressure of at least 1x10 4 Pa.
  • the functional layer material ensures a water inlet pressure of over 1x10 5 Pa.
  • the water inlet pressure shall be measured by a test method in which distilled water is applied at 20 ⁇ 2 ° C to a sample of 100 cm2 of the functional layer with increasing pressure. The pressure increase of the water is 60 ⁇ 3 cm Ws per minute. The water inlet pressure then corresponds to the pressure at which water first appears on the other side of the sample. Details of the procedure are specified in the ISO standard 0811 from the year 1981.
  • Whether a shoe is waterproof for example, with a centrifuge assembly in the US-A-5,329,807 be tested type tested.
  • the water vapor permeability values according to the invention barrier material are tested using the so-called cup method according to DIN EN ISO 15496 (09/2004).
  • a functional layer As a "water vapor permeable" a functional layer is considered, if it has a water vapor transmission rate Ret of less than 150 m2 ⁇ Pa ⁇ W -1 .
  • the water vapor permeability is tested according to the Hohenstein skin model. This test method is described in DIN EN 31092 (02/94) or ISO 11092 (1993).
  • the shoe bottom structure has a Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate (MVTR) in the range of 0.4 g / h to 3 g / h , which may range from 0.8 g / h to 1.5 g / h, and in one practical embodiment is 1 g / h.
  • MVTR Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate
  • the degree of water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom structure can be compared with that in the document EP 0396716 B1 determined measurement method, which has been designed to measure the water vapor permeability of an entire shoe.
  • the measuring method according to EP 0 396 716 B1 also be used by with the in Fig. 1 of the EP 0 396 716 B1 the measurement setup shown is measured in two consecutive measurement scenarios, namely once the shoe with a water vapor permeable shoe bottom construction and another time the otherwise identical shoe with a water vapor-resistant shoe bottom construction. From the difference between the two measured values then the proportion of water vapor permeability can be determined, which goes back to the water vapor permeability of the water vapor permeable shoe bottom structure.
  • the water vapor permeability value for the water vapor-permeable shoe bottom structure can be calculated solely from the difference Determine AB.
  • abrasion resistance for the abrasion measurements for obtaining the abrasion values in the comparative table
  • two measuring methods have been used.
  • testing was carried out with a Martindale abrasion tester (in the table "Abrasion Carbon") in which according to the standard DIN EN ISO 124947-1; -2; (04/1999) scrubbed the sample to be tested against sandpaper.
  • grit 180 plus standard foam was clamped in the sample holder.
  • standard felt plus the test specimen were clamped in the sample table.
  • the sample was inspected every 700 tours and the sandpaper replaced.
  • Lissajous figures represent a periodically repeating overall picture with a suitable choice of the ratio of the frequencies involved, which is composed of relatively individual figures.
  • the passage through one of these individual figures is referred to as a tour in the context of the abrasion test.
  • a tour in the context of the abrasion test.
  • the comparison table there are two tour values for each of the materials, which were created from two abrasion tests each with the same material.
  • the hardness according to Shore is the resistance to the penetration of a certain shape of a body under a defined spring force.
  • the Shore hardness is the difference between the numerical value 100 and the indentation depth of the indenter divided by the scale value 0.025 mm in mm under the effect of the test load.
  • a truncated cone with an opening angle of 35 ° is used as the indenter, and in Shore D a cone with an opening angle of 30 ° and a tip radius of 0.1 mm.
  • the indenters are made of polished, hardened steel.
  • materials with a Shore A hardness> 80 should be suitably tested to Shore D and materials with a Shore D hardness ⁇ 30 to Shore A.
  • Material which is associated with the shoe (s) / materials present in the shoe such as the upper, sole, membrane, mechanical protection and resistance to deformation, as well as the penetration of external objects / foreign bodies / objects e.g. through the sole allows, while maintaining a high water vapor transport, i. a high climate comfort in the shoe.
  • the mechanical protection and resistance to deformation is mainly due to the low elongation of the barrier material.
  • the fiber composite must have at least two fiber components. These components may be fibers (e.g., staple fibers), filaments, fiber elements, yarns, strands, and the like. act. Each fiber component is either made of one material or contains at least two different proportions of material, one of which softens / melts at a lower temperature than the other fiber portion (Bico). Such bico-fibers may have a core-shell structure - here a core fiber portion is sheathed with a sheath fiber portion - having a side-by-side structure or an islands-in-the-sea structure. Such processes and machines are available from Rieter Ingolstadt, Germany and / or Schalfhorst in Mönchengladbach, Germany.
  • the fibers can be simply spun, multifilament, or multiple ruptured fibers with intertwined frayed ends.
  • the fiber components can be distributed uniformly or unevenly in the fiber composite.
  • the entire fiber composite must preferably be temperature stable at least 180 ° C.
  • a uniform and smooth surface on at least one side of the fiber composite is achieved by means of pressure and temperature. This smooth surface shows "down" to the ground / floor, thus ensuring that the smooth surface particles / foreign bodies bounce off better or are easily rejected.
  • the properties of the surface or of the overall structure of the fiber composite or stabilizing material depend on the fibers selected, the temperature, the pressure and the time over which the fiber composite was subjected to temperature and pressure.
  • the fibers are deposited on a conveyor belt and confused.
  • Sheets made with warp and weft threads made with warp and weft threads.
  • the melting temperature is the temperature at which the fiber component or portion becomes liquid.
  • the melting temperature is understood to be a narrow temperature range in the field of polymer or fiber structures. in which the crystalline regions of the polymer or fiber structure melt and the polymer changes to the liquid state. It is above the softening temperature range and is an essential parameter for semicrystalline polymers. Melted is the change in the state of aggregation of the fiber or parts of the fiber at a characteristic temperature of too viscous / flowable.
  • the second fiber component or the second fiber portion must only be soft / plastic, but not liquid. That the softening temperature used is below the melting temperature at which the component / fraction dissolves.
  • the fiber component or parts thereof are softened such that the more temperature-stable component is embedded in the softened parts.
  • the first softening temperature range of the first fiber component is higher than the second softening temperature range of the second fiber component or the second fiber portion of the second fiber component.
  • the lower limit of the first softening range may be below the upper limit of the second softening range.
  • the adhesive softening temperature may also be selected to soften the fibers of the second fiber component to such an extent that bonding not only of fibers of the second fiber component to one another but in addition, a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers of the first fiber composite with softened material of the fibers of the second fiber composite arises, so a partial or total embedding such locations of fibers of the first fiber composite in material of fibers of the second fiber component that increased accordingly Stabilization hardening of the fiber composite arises.
  • the barrier material must be temperature stable for injection. The same applies to injection molding (about 170 ° C - 180 ° C) or vulcanization of the shoe sole. If the stabilization device is to be injection-molded, the barrier material must have a structure such that the stabilization device can at least penetrate into the structure of the barrier material or, if appropriate, penetrate it.
  • the shaft bottom functional layer and optionally the shaft functional layer may be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable coating or by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane, which may be either a microporous membrane or a nonporous membrane.
  • the membrane comprises stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
  • Suitable materials for the waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer are in particular polyurethane, polypropylene and polyester, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in the publications US-A-4,725,418 and US-A-4,493,870 are described.
  • stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE
  • ePTFE stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the average pore size is between about 0.2 microns and about 0.3 microns.
  • the pore size can be measured with the Coulter Porometer (trade name) manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeath, Florida, USA.
  • the barrier unit is formed by the barrier material and optionally by the stabilization device in the form of at least one web and / or a frame.
  • the barrier unit may be in the form of a prefabricated component.
  • the composite shoe sole consists of barrier material and at least one stabilizing device and at least one outsole and possibly further sole layers, the barrier material closing the at least one opening extending through the composite shoe sole thickness.
  • An opening is the area of the composite shoe sole through which water vapor transport is possible.
  • the outsole and the stabilizing device each have passage openings, which together form an opening through the total thickness of the composite shoe sole.
  • the opening is thus formed by the sectional area of the two passage openings. Possibly existing webs are arranged within the peripheral edge of the respective opening and form no limitation of the opening.
  • the area of an opening is determined less the area of all webs crossing it, since this land area blocks the transport of water vapor and thus does not constitute a breakthrough area.
  • the stabilizer acts as additional stabilization of the barrier material, is shaped and attached to the barrier material so that the water vapor permeability of the barrier material is only marginal, if any is affected. This is achieved in that only a small area of the barrier material is covered by the stabilization device.
  • the stabilizer is directed down to the ground.
  • the stabilization device is not a protective function but a stabilization device.
  • the at least one opening of the stabilization device is limited by its at least one frame.
  • the area of an opening is determined less the area of all webs crossing it.
  • Footwear consisting of a composite shoe sole and a closed top (shaft).
  • the shoe bottom covers all layers below the foot.
  • the thermal activation takes place by applying energy to the fiber composite, which leads to an increase in the temperature of the material up to the softening temperature range.
  • Tested is a composite shoe sole according to centrifuge arrangement in the US-A-5,329,807 Before testing it must be ensured that a possibly existing shaft bottom functional layer is made permeable to water. A water-permeable composite shoe sole is assumed if this test is failed. Optionally, the colored liquid test is performed to identify the path of the fluid through the composite shoe sole.
  • Laminate is a composite consisting of a waterproof, water vapor permeable functional layer with at least one textile layer.
  • the at least one textile layer also called the side, serves mainly to protect the functional layer during its processing.
  • This is called a 2-layer laminate.
  • a 3-layer laminate consists of a waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer, which is embedded between two textile layers, wherein a point-like adhesive can be applied between these layers.
  • a functional layer is considered to be "waterproof”, if appropriate including seams provided on the functional layer, if it ensures a water inlet pressure of at least 1x10 4 Pa.
  • Under outsole is the part of the composite shoe sole that touches the ground / subgrade or makes the main contact with the ground / ground.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP15184771.2A 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Élement composite de semelle de chaussure, chaussure le comprenant Active EP3001923B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006010007A DE102006010007A1 (de) 2006-03-03 2006-03-03 Schuhsohlenverbund und damit aufgebautes Schuhwerk
DE202007000667U DE202007000667U1 (de) 2006-03-03 2007-01-17 Wasserdampfdurchlässiger Schuhsohlenverbund
PCT/EP2007/001821 WO2007101625A1 (fr) 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Semelle composite, chaussure pourvue d'une telle semelle et procédé de production de cette chaussure
EP07723016A EP1991078A1 (fr) 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Semelle composite, chaussure pourvue d'une telle semelle et procédé de production de cette chaussure

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EP3001923A1 true EP3001923A1 (fr) 2016-04-06
EP3001923B1 EP3001923B1 (fr) 2020-04-29

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EP07723016A Ceased EP1991078A1 (fr) 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Semelle composite, chaussure pourvue d'une telle semelle et procédé de production de cette chaussure
EP15184771.2A Active EP3001923B1 (fr) 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Élement composite de semelle de chaussure, chaussure le comprenant
EP15184770.4A Active EP3001922B1 (fr) 2006-03-03 2007-03-02 Élément composite de semelle de chaussure, chaussure le comprenant et son procédé de fabrication

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US (3) US20090172971A1 (fr)
EP (3) EP1991078A1 (fr)
JP (4) JP2009528105A (fr)
KR (5) KR20120051749A (fr)
CN (3) CN102125331B (fr)
AU (1) AU2007222644B2 (fr)
CA (3) CA2856051C (fr)
DE (1) DE202007019399U1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3001923T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO20083795L (fr)
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US11926115B2 (en) 2018-05-08 2024-03-12 Puma SE Method for producing a sole of a shoe, in particular of a sports shoe

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