EP2998801A1 - Magnetische Ankerhemmung, und Gangeinstellvorrichtung eines Uhrwerks - Google Patents

Magnetische Ankerhemmung, und Gangeinstellvorrichtung eines Uhrwerks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2998801A1
EP2998801A1 EP14185638.5A EP14185638A EP2998801A1 EP 2998801 A1 EP2998801 A1 EP 2998801A1 EP 14185638 A EP14185638 A EP 14185638A EP 2998801 A1 EP2998801 A1 EP 2998801A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnet
periodic
pattern
resonator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14185638.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gianni Di Domenico
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP14185638.5A priority Critical patent/EP2998801A1/de
Priority to CH01450/14A priority patent/CH709061A2/fr
Priority to EP14186297.9A priority patent/EP2911015B1/de
Priority to EP14186652.5A priority patent/EP2891929B1/de
Priority to RU2016130266A priority patent/RU2666451C2/ru
Priority to JP2016542197A priority patent/JP6236164B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2014/076930 priority patent/WO2015096973A2/fr
Priority to CN201480070342.9A priority patent/CN105849650B/zh
Priority to US15/106,433 priority patent/US9746829B2/en
Priority to CN201480070616.4A priority patent/CN105849652B/zh
Priority to JP2016541686A priority patent/JP6166847B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2014/076991 priority patent/WO2015096976A2/fr
Priority to JP2016533632A priority patent/JP6130603B2/ja
Priority to RU2016130276A priority patent/RU2660530C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2014/077039 priority patent/WO2015096979A2/fr
Priority to RU2016130281A priority patent/RU2624713C1/ru
Priority to US15/028,599 priority patent/US9927773B2/en
Priority to US15/102,389 priority patent/US9651920B2/en
Priority to CN201480070592.2A priority patent/CN105849653B/zh
Priority to JP2016563129A priority patent/JP6220465B2/ja
Priority to EP15766420.2A priority patent/EP3191899B1/de
Priority to US15/308,902 priority patent/US9891591B2/en
Priority to CN201580023592.1A priority patent/CN106462109B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2015/070237 priority patent/WO2016037938A1/fr
Publication of EP2998801A1 publication Critical patent/EP2998801A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C5/00—Electric or magnetic means for converting oscillatory to rotary motion in time-pieces, i.e. electric or magnetic escapements
    • G04C5/005—Magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of devices regulating the movement of a watch movement.
  • the present invention relates to watchmaking escapements of the magnetic type, the usual functions of which are the maintenance of a resonance mode of a resonator, in particular an oscillation or a continuous rotation of an inertial part of this resonator, and the timing of a counter wheel.
  • the magnetic escapement provides these two functions by means of an escape wheel comprising a magnetic structure, which is magnetically coupled to at least one magnet carried by a part of the resonator undergoing the resonance movement. .
  • a resonator of the tuning fork type The magnet of the resonator is magnetically coupled to these two out-of-phase tracks so that it is alternately attracted by the magnetic zones of the first track and the second track.
  • the escape wheel thus rotates with a speed of rotation such that it advances an angular period of the two tracks at each oscillation of the resonator.
  • the escape wheel provides the energy necessary to maintain the oscillation of the resonator arm carrying the magnetic coupling magnet and this resonator controls or regulates the rotational speed of this escapement wheel, which is proportional at the resonance frequency.
  • There is therefore a magnetic exhaust associated with a resonator which together form a device regulating the running of a counter wheel of a watch movement.
  • the aforementioned magnetic type regulating devices are provided in the prior art for resonators having a single degree of freedom for each resonant-moving part.
  • the resonator is arranged so that the magnet, carried by a member undergoing a resonance movement, oscillates in a substantially radial direction, that is to say substantially orthogonal to the two annular magnetic tracks.
  • the embodiments mentioned in the prior art have the advantage of having a frequency reduction between the frequency of the oscillation of the resonator and the rotation frequency (in revolutions / s) of the escapement wheel carrying the magnetic structure. No rotated mobile turns or oscillates at a frequency of the order of magnitude of the resonant frequency.
  • the reduction factor is given by the number of angular periods of the annular magnetic tracks.
  • the aforementioned advantage resulting from a frequency reduction between the oscillation of the resonator and the rotation of the escape wheel, has a corollary which poses a problem for the magnetic coupling strength.
  • to increase the frequency reduction it is necessary to increase the number of periods of the magnetic tracks.
  • an increase in the number of periods results in a decrease in the area of the magnetic zones of the annular tracks. Since the magnet of the resonator extends over an angular distance less than half a period of the annular tracks, the dimensions of this magnet must also decrease as the frequency reduction increases.
  • Synchronization comprises a proportional relationship determined between the resonance frequency and the rotation frequency of the escape wheel.
  • watchmaking devices of the magnetic type comprising a resonator with two degrees of freedom, in particular a resonator whose inertial part has a translational trajectory substantially describing a circle, rotating continuously in the same direction, are not known. .
  • a need to design magnetic type escapements for such resonators with two degrees of freedom, with a reduction in the magnetic coupling, however exists in the field of watchmaking. This need seems even crucial when the resonator operates with a relatively high resonance frequency, for example resonators whose resonant organ turns a frequency greater than ten revolutions per second (10 revolutions / s 10 Hz).
  • the object of the present invention is to respond to the identified needs in the field of clock control devices, in particular for resonators with two degrees of freedom with a circular resonance movement, and to find a solution to the problem related to the weak magnetic interaction in the case of resonators with a single degree of freedom associated with a known magnetic exhaust having a large frequency reduction.
  • the subject of the present invention is a magnetic escapement equipping a mechanical horological movement and comprising an escape wheel driven by a motor device and associated with a resonator of this mechanical clockwork movement, this escape wheel comprising a first structure magnetic device defining, in a non-zero radial range of this escape wheel, a first periodic pattern with a first angular period P1 such that 360 ° / P1 is equal to a first integer number N1, the magnetic escapement comprising at least one magnet mounted on the resonator and magnetically coupled to the escape wheel so that, when the mechanical watch movement is operating, the magnet has a periodic resonance movement at a resonance frequency and the escape wheel rotates with a frequency proportional to this resonance frequency.
  • the magnetic escapement furthermore comprises a second magnetic structure parallel to the first magnetic structure and defining, in said radial range, a second periodic pattern having a second angular period P2 such that 360 ° / P2 is equal to a second integer number N2 different from the integer N1, the difference in absolute value
  • ⁇ N / 2, N being the lower number of the numbers N1 and N2.
  • the first and second magnetic structures are arranged such that, when the watch movement is operating, the first magnetic structure rotates relative to the second magnetic structure at a first relative angular frequency F1 rel .
  • the first periodic pattern and the second periodic pattern are selected so that they generate in said radial range, in projection on a geometrical surface parallel to the first and second magnetic structures, a combined pattern alternately defining at least the number
  • Angular frequency is understood to be the number of revolutions per second corresponding to the inverse of the period of time of the periodic movement.
  • the magnet has a magnetization axis perpendicular to the geometric surface of said combined pattern.
  • the combined pattern defines a periodic combined pattern alternately having the number
  • , ie P3 360 ° /
  • the magnetic escapement according to the invention comprises a second magnet mounted on the resonator and supported by said resonant portion or by another resonant portion of the resonator.
  • This second magnet is arranged relative to the first magnet on the other side of the first and second magnetic structures, so that it is aligned with the first magnet in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of rotation and has a motion periodic resonance similar to that of the first magnet at the resonant frequency.
  • the second magnet has a magnetization axis parallel to that of the first magnet and in the opposite direction. In a second variant, the second magnet has a magnetization axis parallel to that of the first magnet and in the same direction.
  • the magnetic escapement comprises a third magnetic structure defining a periodic pattern substantially identical to the periodic pattern defined by the first or second magnetic structure and superimposed thereto, this third periodic structure being integral with rotation with this first or second magnetic structure, in the case where the latter undergoes rotation.
  • the two magnetic structures having the same periodic pattern are located respectively on one side and the other side of the magnetic structure having a different periodic pattern.
  • the second magnetic structure is fixed relative to the watch movement, the first relative angular frequency F1 rel defining the angular frequency of the escape wheel relative to this watch movement.
  • the present invention also relates to a first device regulating the movement of a watch movement comprising a magnetic escapement according to the invention and a resonator, a resonant part supporting said magnet undergoes, during the operation of the watch movement, an oscillation according to a degree of freedom.
  • the resonator is arranged so that the center of the magnet in its rest position is substantially located, for any angular position of the escape wheel, on a zero position circle which is centered on the axis of rotation of the magnet. escape wheel and which is crossed by the degree of freedom of the resonant portion of the resonator.
  • the periodic combined pattern defined by the magnetic escapement is located on a first side of the zero position circle projected perpendicularly into the geometrical surface, the annular region of the first and second magnetic structures defined by said radial range being magnetically coupled to the magnet in a first half cycle of each period of said oscillation so that, for each period of this oscillation, the periodic combined pattern rotates by an angular distance equal to its angular period P3.
  • the periodic combined pattern is a first periodic combined pattern and the radial range is a first radial range, the first and second magnetic structures respectively defining, in a second non-zero radial range of the wheel. escapement located on the other side of the zero position circle relative to the first radial range, a third periodic pattern and a fourth periodic pattern which generate a second periodic combined pattern alternately having the number
  • the second periodic combined pattern is angularly offset by half an angular period P3 relative to the first periodic combined pattern, this second periodic combined pattern also rotating with the relative angular frequency F2 rel of the first periodic combined pattern, the annular region of the first and second magnetic structures, defined by the second radial range, being magnetically coupled to the magnet in a second alternation of each period of said oscillation.
  • the first and second periodic combined patterns are substantially contiguous.
  • the present invention also relates to a second device for regulating the movement of a clockwork movement comprising a magnetic escapement according to the invention and a resonator having a resonant part supporting said magnet, this resonator being arranged in such a way that this resonant part is subjected to a radial return force relative to the axis of rotation of the escape wheel when the center of the magnet moves away from this axis of rotation, and so that the center of this magnet substantially defines a circle, centered on said axis of rotation, at an angular frequency of resonance when it is distant from this axis of rotation and that this magnet is rotated with a substantially constant torque.
  • the annular region of the first and second magnetic structures is magnetically coupled to the magnet so that the magnet is rotated by a magnetic interaction torque resulting from the combined rotating pattern when a driving torque, in a useful range of the motor torque, is provided to the escape wheel, the angular frequency of the combined pattern being slaved to the resonant angular frequency in this useful range of the torque, which is selected so that the magnetic interaction torque remains less than a maximum magnetic interaction torque and that the circle described by the center of the magnet has a radius in the radial range for any motor torque of this useful range.
  • the resonator is arranged and the useful range of the selected motor torque so that the magnet is entirely superimposed on the combined pattern for any motor torque of this useful range.
  • This first circular network thus has a first angular period P1 equal to 360 ° / N1.
  • This second circular network thus has a second angular period P2 equal to 360 ° / N2.
  • the lines 4 extend substantially over half of the first angular period P1 and the lines 10 extend substantially over half of the second angular period P2.
  • Magnetic material comprises a material with high magnetic permeability, in particular a ferromagnetic material.
  • between the numbers N1 and N2 is here equal to (
  • 1).
  • between the numbers N1 and N2 is less than or equal to N / 2, ie
  • ⁇ N / 2, where N is the lower number of the numbers N1 and N2.
  • is less than or equal to N / 3 or
  • ⁇ N / 3.
  • the first and second circular arrays are mounted in parallel at a relatively short distance from one another. They are arranged in such a way that, when the watch movement is operating, the first network has a rotation relative to the second network, around the axis of rotation 6 of the escape wheel, at a first angular frequency F1.
  • the second magnetic structure is fixed relative to the watch movement so that the frequency F1 is that of the first circular network in the watch movement (defining a fixed reference).
  • the first and second circular arrays generate in an annular surface (thus having a non-zero radial range), in projection in a geometric plane parallel to these circular arrays, a combined pattern 14 defining a first zone 15 with a high proportion of magnetic surface and a second zone 16 with a lower proportion of magnetic surface.
  • the combined pattern 14 rotates with a second angular frequency F2 which is in absolute value N1 times greater than the first angular frequency F1 for the particular case of the given example where the number
  • 1.
  • the magnetic surface density in the combined pattern varies substantially linearly between 50% and 100%. Magnetic surface proportion is understood to mean the ratio of the areas defined by the magnetic material of the first and second circular arrays in a given area of the combined pattern to the total area of that area.
  • the first magnetic structure forms an escape wheel.
  • the number ⁇ N can be positive or negative. In the case where it is positive, the combined pattern rotates in the same direction as the escape wheel. In the case where the number ⁇ N is negative, the combined pattern rotates in the opposite direction to that of the escape wheel; which corresponds mathematically to a negative frequency.
  • the magnetic escapement 12 further comprises at least one magnet fixed to the resonator and coupled to the first and second circular networks, as will be discussed later.
  • the first circular network 3 is similar to that of the Figure 1 but it extends over a greater radial distance.
  • the second magnetic structure 18 forms two concentric circular arrays 19 and 20 which extend into respective contiguous annular surfaces.
  • These two networks have the same number N2 of magnetic lines 21 and 22, separated by lines defined by vacuum or a substantially amagnetic material, and therefore have the same period P2. They are angularly offset by half a period P2 / 2 and thus have a phase shift of 180 °.
  • N2 N1 + 2.
  • a first combined pattern 25 which extends in an outer annular surface and a second combined pattern 26 which extends into an inner annular surface is obtained in projection in a parallel geometrical plane.
  • 2
  • each combined pattern alternately has two areas with a high proportion of magnetic area and two areas with a smaller proportion of magnetic area.
  • the two combined patterns 24 and 26 also have a phase shift of 180 °.
  • the alternation of zones with a high proportion of magnetic surface and zones with a smaller proportion of magnetic surface defines a periodic combined pattern having an angular period P3 whose value is equal to 360 ° divided by the absolute value of the difference
  • between the numbers N1 and N2, ie P3 360 ° /
  • the realization of figure 2 is a special case with a single circular network on the escape wheel which extends in an annular surface corresponding to the two concentric annular surfaces of the two circular arrays of the second magnetic structure.
  • the first magnetic structure also comprises two distinct circular arrays of the same period P1.
  • these two circular arrays have an angular offset of P1 / 4 and the two circular arrays of the second magnetic structure have an angular offset of P2 / 4.
  • the two circular arrays of the first magnetic structure have different periods P1 and P2 and also those of the second magnetic structure, by inverting the periods P1 and P2 between the two magnetic structures.
  • the magnetic escapement 24 comprises at least one magnet 32 mounted on the resonator and magnetically coupled to the two superimposed magnetic structures so that, when the mechanical clockwork movement is operating, this magnet has a periodic resonance movement at a resonance frequency.
  • the magnet in magnetic interaction with the two magnetic structures undergoes a movement which is associated with the resulting combined pattern, which can rotate much faster than the escape wheel.
  • the magnet has a magnetization axis perpendicular to the geometric surface of the combined pattern.
  • the magnet is located above a first zone of the combined pattern having a high proportion of magnetic surface.
  • the two arrays are angularly offset so that together they form a relatively continuous magnetic path for the field lines 34A of the magnet; which has the effect of reducing the magnetic reluctance for the magnet.
  • the magnet is located above a second area of the combined pattern having a smaller proportion of area magnetic.
  • the two networks are substantially superimposed so that the magnetic path for the magnet in these networks is interrupted by the voids or formed of a non-magnetic material provided between the magnetic lines. It is understood that the field lines 34B of the magnet at the two networks must pass through the void spaces or non-magnetic regions.
  • Magnetic reluctance is therefore increased relative to the situation of the Figure 3A .
  • a variation of the magnetic potential energy E pot which is shown by the graph 36 to the Figure 3C .
  • This variation of the potential magnetic energy E pot generates a force on the magnet to drive it in rotation and / or to maintain a resonance movement using two concentric annular magnetic tracks.
  • FIG. 4 To the Figure 4 is represented a first embodiment of a regulator device 40 according to a first type.
  • This regulating device comprises a magnetic escapement 24 as described in FIG. Figure 2 .
  • the two superimposed magnetic structures 2 and 18 generate two periodic combined patterns 25 and 26, 180 ° out of phase, as indicated above.
  • the resonator 42 is formed by a tuning fork with two branches 43 and 44. At the free ends of these two branches are respectively fixed two magnets 46 and 48 with axial magnetization. In their rest position, the centers of the two magnets are located on a circle 50, defining a circle of zero position. This circle 50 is chosen so that it is coincident with the circle separating the two contiguous combined patterns.
  • the two combined patterns form two magnetic tracks with a periodic variation of the potential energy of the oscillator, formed of the tuning fork 42 and the magnetic escapement.
  • Each magnet oscillates with a substantially radial degree of freedom. It is attracted alternately by the areas of low magnetic reluctance of the two magnetic tracks. Above each track, the magnets accumulate magnetic potential energy and brake the escape wheel. By crossing the zero position circle, they each receive a pulse serving to maintain the resonance since they experience a magnetic potential jump by virtue of the angular offset of the two periodic combined patterns 25 and 26.
  • the magnets follow a trajectory 50 corresponding to an oscillation according to the degree of freedom of each magnet.
  • a second embodiment of a regulator device 60 comprising a magnetic escapement 24A formed by a first magnetic structure 2 defining the first circular network 3, this structure 2 being mounted on a shaft and rotating around a axis of rotation 6.
  • the magnetic escapement is furthermore formed by a second magnetic structure 18 defining two out-of-phase circular networks as explained above in relation to the Figures 2 and 4 .
  • This second embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that the resonant portion 68 of the resonator 70 comprises two magnets 32 and 62 respectively arranged on both sides of the two magnetic structures and forming the magnetic escapement 24A.
  • Such a configuration solves a problem of the first embodiment in that, insofar as the two magnetic structures are substantially equidistant from the respective magnets facing them, the axial attraction forces on the two magnets by the Magnetic structures compensate each other for the most part. It is the same for the attraction forces exerted by the two magnets on the set of two magnetic structures.
  • the two magnets are attached to the ends of a non-magnetic member having a U shape.
  • the resonator is shown with a schematic spring.
  • the resonant portion 68 may for example be attached to a free end of a tuning fork.
  • the operation is similar to that of the first embodiment.
  • Each magnet is magnetically coupled to the circular arrays in the manner previously described. They are aligned axially so as to both be perpendicular to the zero position circle.
  • the structure 18 is fixed and supported by a disc 66 formed of a non-magnetic material. A lateral recess is provided in this disc to allow the resonant portion 68 to pass under the structure 18.
  • the magnetic structures 2 and 18 each have an inner annular portion and an outer annular portion which connect the lines of the circular networks 3, 19 and 20.
  • the two magnets have an axial magnetization of opposite direction.
  • This configuration is advantageous because it makes it possible to amplify the magnetic interaction as can be seen in FIG. Figure 6 .
  • the magnetic interaction is in first approximation approximately equal to twice that for the case of a single magnet.
  • the two magnets repel each other in the empty spaces between the magnetic lines. This repulsive force increases the magnetic potential energy E pot.
  • the curve 74 of E pot has a profile similar to that of curve 36 of the Figure 3C . However, a computer simulation has established that the amplitude of the periodic curve 74 is a priori an order of magnitude greater than the amplitude of the periodic curve 36.
  • both magnets have an axial magnetization of the same direction.
  • the lines of the circular networks are provided here thicker. It is observed on the graph of the magnetic potential energy that the curve 76 of E pot is the opposite of the curve 74. Indeed, since in this variant the magnetic flux between the two magnets is substantially axially channeled, a The area of high magnetic area proportion of a combined pattern has a greater magnetic reluctance for the two magnets than in the case where they face an area of least proportion of magnetic area.
  • the amplitude of the periodic curve 76 is a priori in the configuration represented approximately half of that of the periodic curve 74.
  • FIG. Figure 8 A third embodiment of a regulator device 80 of the first type is shown in FIG. Figure 8 .
  • the common elements with the realization of the Figure 5 will not be described again in detail.
  • the regulator device comprises a resonator 70 and a magnetic escapement 24B formed by a first magnetic structure 2A, defining a first circular network similar to the network 3 of the Figure 2 , and by a second magnetic structure 18A defining two concentric circular networks corresponding to the networks 19 and 20 of the figure 2 . Note that in this case, it is the two concentric circular arrays that form the escape wheel and which rotate around the axis 6, the structure 2A being fixedly mounted in the watch movement.
  • This third embodiment differs essentially from the previous embodiment in that it comprises a third magnetic structure 82 defining a fourth circular network which extends, like the first network, in an annular surface comprising the second and third phase-shifted networks of the structure. 18A.
  • This third structure is integral with the first structure 2A, the fourth circular network being identical to the first circular network and their magnetic lines are superimposed axially (no angular offset between the two networks).
  • the first and fourth networks are respectively located on one side and the other of the magnetic structure 18A forming the second and third networks.
  • the magnetic structure 18A comprises a central annular portion which is continuous. Between the second and third networks is provided an annular intermediate portion which is continuous, preferably of magnetic material. In addition, there is also provided a continuous annular peripheral portion.
  • the three continuous annular parts allow to have a magnetic structure 18A in one piece with the magnetic lines of the two networks fixed at both ends. So that the continuous annular zones do not disturb the operation of the magnetic escapement, it is expected that the circular arrays extend over a radial length substantially greater than that of the oscillating magnets.
  • This structure 18A is taken in a nonmagnetic hub 86 mounted on the shaft of the escape wheel.
  • the two fixed structures 2A and 82 respectively comprise two continuous annular peripheral parts which are connected by a nonmagnetic spacer 84.
  • the two superimposed magnetic structures are attracted to each other because of the magnetic flux of the magnets. Thanks to the superposition of the three magnetic structures, these Most of the attraction forces cancel out if the intermediate magnetic structure is located substantially in the middle of the other two.
  • the two concentric out-of-phase networks are provided in the first and third magnetic structures while the second magnetic structure forms a single extended circular network.
  • the first and third outer structures are mounted on the shaft of the escape wheel and are integral in rotation, while the second intermediate structure is fixedly mounted in the watch movement.
  • This regulator device 90 is distinguished by the fact that the magnetic escapement 24C comprises two magnetic structures 2B and 82A, located on either side of an escape wheel, which are connected to the watch movement by two non-magnetic supports 94 and 96 central respectively fixed in two bridges 95 and 97, and in that the two intermediate circular networks 19 and 20 are doubled and arranged on both sides of a nonmagnetic disc 92 forming the escape wheel.
  • the regulator device 100 comprises a magnetic escapement 12 as described with the aid of FIG. Figure 1 , with the only difference that the superimposed circular networks have more magnetic lines and thus a smaller angular period. However, as in Figure 1 , the difference of magnetic lines
  • 1).
  • An escape wheel (not shown entirely) carries one of the two magnetic structures forming the combined pattern 14 and rotates about the central axis 6 circular networks defined by these two magnetic structures.
  • the regulator device further comprises a resonator 102 having a resonant portion comprises a magnet 104.
  • This resonator has two degrees of freedom with a resonance mode in which the magnet 104 substantially follows a circular path with an angular frequency of resonance, without turning on itself.
  • this resonator is arranged so that, when the center of the magnet moves away from the axis of rotation 6, its resonant portion is subjected to a radial restoring force relative to the axis of rotation 6, this restoring force is preferably angularly isotropic and radially linear so that the regulating device is isochronous.
  • the resonator is arranged so that the center of the magnet 104 substantially follows a circular path, centered on the axis of rotation, with an angular frequency of resonance F res when it is distant from this axis of rotation and that this magnet is rotated with a substantially constant torque.
  • the trajectory can also be elliptical in this system without harming isochronism. In the latter case, it will be ensured that the magnet remains at least partially superimposed on the combined pattern formed by the superimposed circular magnetic gratings.
  • Such a resonator is shown schematically in the Figure 10 by a magnet 104 connected to two springs 106 and 108 which are orthogonal and which have substantially the same coefficient of elasticity, these two springs being respectively mounted on the supports 110 and 112 which slip without friction respectively in two orthogonal rails 114 and 116; which is schematized by trolleys on wheels which theoretically have no inertia.
  • the vector sum of the radial forces of the springs generates a restoring force (centripetal force) allowing the inertial portion of the resonator to follow a substantially circular or elliptical trajectory.
  • the annular region of the first and second magnetic structures defining the combined pattern 14 with a first area 15 having a high proportion of magnetic area and a second area 16 having a smaller proportion of magnetic area, is magnetically coupled to the magnet 104 so that this magnet is rotated by a magnetic interaction couple resulting from the combined pattern rotating at angular frequency ⁇ .
  • the combined pattern rotates when a torque motor, a useful range of the engine torque is supplied to the escapement wheel, the angular frequency ⁇ of the combined pattern being slaved to the angular resonance frequency F res in this useful range of the torque , the latter being selected so that the aforementioned magnetic interaction torque remains below a maximum magnetic interaction torque and said circle described by said center of the magnet has a radius comprised in the radial range of the combined pattern 14 for any motor torque of this useful range.
  • the magnetic interaction in this resonator has the effect of synchronizing the angular frequency ⁇ of the escape wheel with the resonance frequency F res of the resonator.
  • the combined pattern 14 generates a variation of the potential energy E pot in the resonator, as a function of the relative angular position of the magnet and this combined pattern, between a minimum energy when the magnet is above the first zone 15 and a maximum energy when it is above the second zone 16.
  • the angular gradient of this potential energy generates a tangential driving force on the magnet. To avoid a loss of synchronization, it will be ensured that the braking torque exerted by the magnet on the escape wheel remains less than the maximum magnetic interaction torque depending on the maximum value of the potential energy gradient E pot .
  • the resonator is arranged and the useful range of the selected motor torque so that the magnet 104 is entirely superimposed on the combined pattern 14 for any motor torque of this useful range.
  • the Figure 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the regulating device of the Figure 10 .
  • the elements already described above will not be again.
  • This variant is distinguished from the previous one by the fact that the magnetic escapement 24A is formed by two superimposed circular arrays with a difference in absolute value
  • 2, similarly to the realization of one of the two combined patterns of the Figure 2 .
  • the combined pattern 25A alternately has two areas 15A having a high proportion of magnetic area and two areas 16A having a smaller proportion of magnetic area. Since the difference in magnetic potential energy between the extreme values is substantially equal to that of the preceding variant, but this difference occurs over an angular range that is twice as small, the maximum magnetic magnetic interaction force is substantially twice stronger.
  • the ratio between the angular frequency of the combined pattern 25A and the rotation frequency of the escapement wheel carrying one of the two circular magnetic gratings is equal to half of the ratio of the preceding variant.
  • the useful range of the engine torque is increased but the multiplication ratio between the frequency of the escape wheel and the resonance frequency is decreased.
  • the magnet 104 has an angular offset ⁇ less than 90 ° and in particular less than 45 °, this angular displacement varying as a function of the torque resulting from the magnetic interaction between the magnet 104 and the combined pattern 25A.
  • the Figure 12 schematically represents a second embodiment of the second regulator device according to the invention.
  • This regulator device 130 is a particular embodiment implementing the physical characteristics mentioned in the preceding description of the first embodiment.
  • the resonator 132 is formed by a bar 134 elastically deformable in two degrees of freedom substantially defining a sphere portion, this bar being embedded in a base 136.
  • This bar carries at its free end a magnet 104A.
  • the magnetic exhaust 12A is similar to that described in Figures 2 and 10 .
  • first magnetic structure 2A forming a first circular network 3A whose magnetic lines 4A extend in a first frustoconical surface
  • second magnetic structure 8A forming a second circular network 9A whose magnetic lines 10A extend in a second frustoconical surface parallel to the first frustoconical surface.
  • the first magnetic structure 2A is mounted on a shaft 138 which is guided in rotation by two ball bearings arranged in a bridge 142.
  • the second magnetic structure is fixed and arranged on a non-magnetic support 146.
  • the structure 2A comprises a continuous inner annular portion which connects the magnetic lines 4A and the structure 8A comprises a continuous outer annular portion which connects the magnetic lines 10A.
  • a frustoconical portion 140 At one end of the shaft 138 is provided a frustoconical portion 140 forming a central circular stop for the magnet 104A, this stop being arranged so that at least the major part of this magnet remains superimposed on the combined pattern 14A when no torque engine is provided to the escape wheel formed here by the first magnetic structure 2A, the shaft 138 and a pinion 144.
  • This pinion is associated with a counting gear of a mechanical watch movement through which it receives a motor torque provided by a motor device (not shown).
  • the invention relates to a mechanical clockwork comprising a regulating device, a counter wheel clocked by this regulating device and a motor device driving the counter wheel and maintaining a resonance mode of the regulating device.
  • This watch movement is characterized in that it comprises a magnetic escapement according to the invention or a regulating device according to the invention.
EP14185638.5A 2013-12-23 2014-09-19 Magnetische Ankerhemmung, und Gangeinstellvorrichtung eines Uhrwerks Withdrawn EP2998801A1 (de)

Priority Applications (24)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14185638.5A EP2998801A1 (de) 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 Magnetische Ankerhemmung, und Gangeinstellvorrichtung eines Uhrwerks
CH01450/14A CH709061A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-09-25 Mécanisme d'échappement naturel.
EP14186297.9A EP2911015B1 (de) 2013-12-23 2014-09-25 Natürliche Hemmung
EP14186652.5A EP2891929B1 (de) 2013-12-23 2014-09-26 Magnetischer oder elektrostatischer Resonator
RU2016130266A RU2666451C2 (ru) 2013-12-23 2014-12-08 Бесконтактный цилиндрический спусковой механизм для часов
JP2016542197A JP6236164B2 (ja) 2013-12-23 2014-12-08 タイムピース用の非接触シリンダー脱進機構
PCT/EP2014/076930 WO2015096973A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-08 Mecanisme d'echappement a cylindre d'horlogerie sans contact
CN201480070342.9A CN105849650B (zh) 2013-12-23 2014-12-08 用于钟表的非接触式圆柱擒纵机构
US15/106,433 US9746829B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2014-12-08 Contactless cylinder escapement mechanism for timepieces
CN201480070616.4A CN105849652B (zh) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 自然式擒纵机构
JP2016541686A JP6166847B2 (ja) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 磁気的及び／又は静電気的な共振器
PCT/EP2014/076991 WO2015096976A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Resonateur magnetique ou electrostatique
JP2016533632A JP6130603B2 (ja) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 自然脱進機
RU2016130276A RU2660530C2 (ru) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Естественный спусковой механизм
PCT/EP2014/077039 WO2015096979A2 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Echappement naturel
RU2016130281A RU2624713C1 (ru) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Магнитный и/или электростатический резонатор
US15/028,599 US9927773B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Natural escapement
US15/102,389 US9651920B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Magnetic and/or electrostatic resonator
CN201480070592.2A CN105849653B (zh) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 磁性和/或静电谐振器
JP2016563129A JP6220465B2 (ja) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 時計用磁気エスケープ及び時計用ムーブメントの動作を規制するデバイス
EP15766420.2A EP3191899B1 (de) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 Magnetische ankerhemmung, und gangeinstellvorrichtung eines uhrwerks
US15/308,902 US9891591B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 Magnetic clock escapement and device for regulating the operation of a clock movement
CN201580023592.1A CN106462109B (zh) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 磁性钟表擒纵机构和用于调节钟表机芯的运行的装置
PCT/EP2015/070237 WO2016037938A1 (fr) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 Echappement magnetique horloger et dispositif regulateur de la marche d'un mouvement horloger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP14185638.5A EP2998801A1 (de) 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 Magnetische Ankerhemmung, und Gangeinstellvorrichtung eines Uhrwerks

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EP15766420.2A Active EP3191899B1 (de) 2014-09-09 2015-09-04 Magnetische ankerhemmung, und gangeinstellvorrichtung eines uhrwerks

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US (1) US9891591B2 (de)
EP (2) EP2998801A1 (de)
JP (1) JP6220465B2 (de)
CN (1) CN106462109B (de)
WO (1) WO2016037938A1 (de)

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EP3361325A1 (de) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-15 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) EPFL-TTO Mechanischer oszillator, der zwei freiheitsgrade besitzt
EP3373080A1 (de) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-12 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhrwerk, das mit einer vorrichtung zur positionierung eines mobilen elements in einer vielzahl von diskreten positionen ausgestattet ist

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EP3182225B1 (de) * 2015-12-18 2018-08-08 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr sequenzer mit durchgangsrad mit verringerter mechanischer reibung
EP3316046B1 (de) * 2016-10-25 2019-07-31 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Verbessertes uhrwerk
CN110520802B (zh) * 2017-03-28 2021-12-07 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 包括通过调节装置增强其运行的机械机芯的钟表
CN110546581B (zh) * 2017-03-28 2021-09-03 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 包括通过调节装置增强其运行的机芯的机械钟表
CH714345A2 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-31 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Dispositif de sélection d'une combinaison de motifs.
EP3579058B1 (de) * 2018-06-07 2021-09-15 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr, die ein tourbillon umfasst
EP3654110B1 (de) * 2018-11-19 2021-07-28 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Mechanische uhr mit animierter anzeige
EP3767397B1 (de) * 2019-07-19 2022-04-20 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk mit einem drehelement, das eine magnetisierte struktur mit periodischer konfigurierung besitzt
EP3839647B1 (de) * 2019-12-19 2023-10-11 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Aufzugseinheit mit moiré-effekt für automatisches uhrwerk

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FR1113932A (fr) 1953-11-07 1956-04-05 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd Mécanisme comportant des systèmes oscillant et rotatif accouplés magnétiquement
US2946183A (en) 1955-06-14 1960-07-26 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd Self-starting magnetic escapement mechanisms
FR2132162A1 (de) * 1971-03-30 1972-11-17 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd
JPS5263453U (de) 1975-11-04 1977-05-11

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KR100918186B1 (ko) * 2004-10-26 2009-09-22 태그-호이어 에스.에이. 손목 시계용 조절 부재 및 이러한 조절 부재를 포함하는 기계식 무브먼트
EP2463732B1 (de) * 2010-12-10 2016-03-30 Montres Breguet SA Schlagwerkmechanismus einer Armbanduhr oder einer Spieluhr
EP2466401B1 (de) * 2010-12-15 2013-08-14 Asgalium Unitec SA Magnetischer Resonator für eine mechanische Uhr
AT510941B1 (de) * 2011-09-05 2012-07-15 Seh Ltd Magnetvorrichtung
CN106030422B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2018-10-16 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 用于调整包括磁性擒纵器的钟表机芯中的运动件的角频率的装置
JP6087895B2 (ja) * 2013-12-23 2017-03-01 ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド 磁気脱進機機構を含む時計ムーブメント内のホイールセットのための角速度調節デバイス
EP2887157B1 (de) * 2013-12-23 2018-02-07 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Optimierte uhrhemmung

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FR1113932A (fr) 1953-11-07 1956-04-05 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd Mécanisme comportant des systèmes oscillant et rotatif accouplés magnétiquement
US2946183A (en) 1955-06-14 1960-07-26 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd Self-starting magnetic escapement mechanisms
FR2132162A1 (de) * 1971-03-30 1972-11-17 Horstmann Magnetics Ltd
JPS5263453U (de) 1975-11-04 1977-05-11

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3361325A1 (de) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-15 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) EPFL-TTO Mechanischer oszillator, der zwei freiheitsgrade besitzt
EP3373080A1 (de) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-12 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhrwerk, das mit einer vorrichtung zur positionierung eines mobilen elements in einer vielzahl von diskreten positionen ausgestattet ist
US10488823B2 (en) 2017-03-06 2019-11-26 Montres Breguet S.A. Timepiece movement provided with a device for positioning a movable element in a plurality of discrete positions

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JP6220465B2 (ja) 2017-10-25
CN106462109B (zh) 2019-04-19
JP2017518484A (ja) 2017-07-06
EP3191899A1 (de) 2017-07-19
EP3191899B1 (de) 2018-12-12
CN106462109A (zh) 2017-02-22
US9891591B2 (en) 2018-02-13
WO2016037938A1 (fr) 2016-03-17
US20170068222A1 (en) 2017-03-09

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