EP2994278B1 - Method and apparatus for gluing particles, preferably in the course of the production of material boards - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for the gluing of particles which consist at least partially of suitable for the production of material plates fibers and / or chips, according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device for gluing of particles, at least partially for the production of Material plates suitable fibers and / or chips consist, according to the preamble of claim. 6

The production of material plates from, for example, chips or medium-density fibers or other free-flowing materials are now automated processes and have already been used in many countries for many years. As is known, the compression of processed chips or fibers takes place either clock-bound or continuously. In addition to the many plant components before and after the press, the production of a spreading material mat by means of spreading machines plays an outstanding role, since the quality of the produced spreading material mat is an important factor in addition to the quality of the raw materials. In the large-scale industrial production of wood-based panels are continuously working presses, but sometimes still single or multi-day presses used. The urge to produce cost-effective material plates from natural raw materials and artificially produced binders forces producers to develop more and more efficient processes. Special emphasis is placed on energy costs, raw material and binder savings with consistent quality and technically optimized plant construction with low downtime and low wear.

The present elaboration refers to the area of optimizing the gluing and / or the binder consumption and, concomitantly, the saving of energy costs. Because with optimum gluing with low moisture content not only lower costs result from binder consumption, but it also has less binder in the dryer on the chips / fibers are dried, which in turn saves energy and thus costs. Basically, the term binder is understood to mean a so-called adhesive liquor which consists of an adhesive in its main component. Depending on your needs its main component consists of an adhesive. Depending on requirements, in addition emulsion, hardener, formaldehyde scavengers, dyes, insect repellent and antifungal agents and other additives are added. It is also common to use the adhesive without additives.

The following are suitable as binders without any claim to completeness: isocyanates, MDI, melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), urea formaldehyde (UF), MUPF or PF. Basically underlying state of the art is the gluing of chips or fibers by means of spray nozzles in production facilities for chipboard or fiberboard. The nozzles shred the binder and spray it on moving chips or fibers. Fall chute gluing can save 20% glue, for example in chipboard production. However, caking may occur in the swirl region of the spray nozzles. The caking leads to a higher glue consumption and can damage subsequent parts of the system when dropped.

Such a state of the art is with DE 10 2010 064 339 A1 , which discloses the preamble of claims 1 and 6, or the DE 10 2011 077 514 A1 known. In these disclosures, the particles are metered for metering with a metering device, dissolved with a dissolving device and glued with a at least partially consisting of sheets vertical chute with a binder and preferably then mixed in a substantially horizontal mixing device. The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which the gluing within a chute before a mixing device can be optimized to achieve better gluing results and / or savings in the amount of necessary binder and / or clumping and caking avoid the inner walls of the chute.

• dass die Mittel zur Reinigung Bürsten oder Reinigungsdüsen umfassen, die bevorzugt mechanisch oder pneumatisch oder chemisch die Düsen reinigen.
• dass die Bleche in einem vorgegebenen Minutentakt, bevorzugt alle 5 Minuten, aus der Betriebsposition in die Reinigungsposition verschwenkt werden.
• dass die Bleche gekühlt werden, bevorzugt auf unter 30° C.

This object is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1 and a device according to the features of claim 6. In other combinable or standalone additional individual features is proposed:

• in that the means for cleaning comprise brushes or cleaning nozzles which preferably clean the nozzles mechanically or pneumatically or chemically.
• that the sheets are pivoted from the operating position to the cleaning position in a predetermined minute cycle, preferably every 5 minutes.
• that the sheets are cooled, preferably to below 30 ° C.

• dass an den Blechen Mittel zur Reinigung, bevorzugt Bürsten oder Reinigungsdüsen angeordnet sind, die insbesondere dazu geeignet sind, die Bindemittel versprühenden Düsen zu reinigen.
• dass an den Blechen, bevorzugt an den verschwenkbaren Blechen eine Kühlvorrichtung angeordnet ist.
• dass die verschwenkbaren Bleche zwischen der Auflösevorrichtung und den Bindemittel versprühenden Düsen angeordnet sind.

In other combinable or standalone additional individual features is proposed:

• that means are arranged on the sheets for cleaning, preferably brushes or cleaning nozzles, which are particularly suitable for cleaning the binder spraying nozzles.
• in that a cooling device is arranged on the metal sheets, preferably on the pivotable metal sheets.
• that the pivotable sheets are arranged between the dissolving device and the binder spraying nozzles.

The device is to be regarded as stand-alone, but can also be used to carry out the method.

Advantageously, a particle stream discharged from a metering device is then dissolved by means of a dissolving device, which at high throughputs, an optimal production of a gluable particle curtain can perform, which improves the total Beleimergebnis.

Preferably, at least one, preferably two counter-rotating, rotatably driven spiked roller can be arranged as the opening device. The arrangement of two-substance nozzles as nozzles for gluing would also be advantageous, in particular if the binder is atomised or comminuted with steam, in particular atomized. In the opening device, it would also be conceivable that the spiked roller is at least partially enclosed by a guide plate and the particles are guided and separated by the spiked roller and / or by a pneumatic air flow generated by the spiked roller through a guide gap formed from the guide plate and the spiked roller.

In particular, it is also preferred that a funnel reducing in cross section in the direction of the fall from top to bottom is arranged as the chute. In this case, a scraping device for cleaning the inner walls of the chute can be arranged at least in the second chute section of the chute. It would also be conceivable that for cleaning the inner walls of the chute, a doctor blade moves on the inner walls and / or rotated and / or at least the fitting to a doctor blade part of the chute is rotated about its axis lying parallel to the direction of fall.

The invention further understands the following terms.
The dissolution and / or the distribution of the particles in the chute is essentially carried out by a dissolving device, each of which is capable of forming a particle curtain before the gluing of the particles or the particle curtain is carried out. The term "particle curtain" is understood to mean the formation of a targeted particle stream for gluing by a dissolving device. The nozzles are suitable to dissolve supplied binder and deliver with higher than the ambient pressure in the chute in the direction of a particle curtain.
The particles are preferably suitable for the production of material plates suitable fibers and / or chips, in addition to these usually lignocellulose and / or cellulosic materials or their substitutes also plastics, glass fibers, or the like could be used.

Further advantageous measures and embodiments of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with the drawing.

Figur 1

in schematischer Ansicht ein Vorrichtung zur Beleimung von Partikel beginnend mit der Dosiervorrichtung und endend mit einer Mischvorrichtung und einem dazwischen angeordneten Fallschacht in einer vereinfachten Darstellung, wobei die Bleche in einer ersten Position angeordnet sind und

Figur 2

die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 mit einem der Bleche in einer zweiten Position zur Reinigung des Bleches und/oder der Düsen.

Show it:

FIG. 1

in a schematic view of a device for gluing particles starting with the metering device and ending with a mixing device and a chute disposed therebetween in a simplified representation, wherein the sheets are arranged in a first position and

FIG. 2

the device after FIG. 1 with one of the sheets in a second position for cleaning the sheet and / or the nozzles.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for gluing of particles 1 starting with the metering device 11 and ending with a mixing device 10 and an interposed chute 4 is shown in a simplified representation. The particles 1 are in this case in the metering device 11, usually from a particle bunker by means of discharge, registered, weighed there (schematic weighing device below the upper endless circulating conveyor belt) and a standard band control (not shown) spent for dosing in the chute 4. There, the particle stream 12 or the particles 1 impinges on a dissolving device 3. The dissolution or division may also include the formation of a plurality of particle curtains 5. The opening device preferably comprises at least one spiked roller 8, which generates the particle curtain 5 in the direction of fall 13 due to its rapid rotation.
The particle curtain 5 is sprayed in the direction of fall by means of suitable nozzles 14 with a binder 6 and glued. In the course of the particle curtain 5 falls through the chute 4 and then passes into the mixing device 10, in which by means of a shaft 16 by a rotating shaft 16 mixing tools 17, the glued particles 1 again mechanically mix and finally as output mixed particle stream 15. The particle stream 15 is then stored in a dosing hopper or directly into a spreader to form a grit mat, which in the further course pressed in a press to a material plate and / or cured, introduced.

The lower part of the chute 4 can be arranged in the direction of fall 13 from top to bottom in cross-section reducing funnel. The upper part of the chute 4 usually has an opening funnel or cone, so that the particle curtain 5 can spread and can be optimally sprayed from the nozzles 14 with binder.

As already stated above, the inner walls of the chute 4 tend to caking of the binder 6 and glued particles 1. It is known to provide a cleaning device in the lower part of the chute 4 to the transition to the mixing device or other downstream devices, in the sense of scrapers or movable ropes can clean the inner surfaces of the walls. But as also shown, the possibly more complex structure of the chute from the dissolving device 3 to the nozzles 14 also tends to caking, but can usually only or hardly clean. For this reason, at least partially sheets 2 of the chute 4, preferably those which form inner walls, pivotally arranged in the chute 4.

In FIG. 2 By way of example, a sheet metal 2 is pivoted between the nozzles 14 and the opening device 3 by means of an adjusting device 18, so that it is at least partially turned on the particle flow 5 or even placed in the particle flow 5. Thus, a first position of the sheets 2, the operating position, and a second position of the sheets 2, the cleaning position, since in the second position of the passing past the sheets of particle stream 5, the surface of the particles 5 to the inclined sides of the sheets 2 cleans.
In a preferred manner, at least one cleaning nozzle 7, preferably a cleaning bar with nozzles, can be attached to the sheets 2, which can carry out cleaning of the binders 6 spraying nozzles 14 in an intermediate position between the first and the second position of the sheets 2. It may also be sufficient that this intermediate position only taken in passing becomes when the cleaning effect of the cleaning nozzles 7 is sufficient. Preferably, the sheets 2 are cooled to reduce the adhesion of the binder 6. 1459

List of Reference Numerals: DP 1459

1.

particle

Second

sheets

Third

dissolver

4th

chute

5th

particle curtain

6th

binder

7th

cleaning nozzles

8th.

spiked roller

9th

cooler

10th

mixing device

11th

metering

12th

particle stream

13th

falling direction

14th

jet

15th

particle stream

16th

wave

17th

Mixing tools

18th

locking device

Claims (10)

1. Method for gluing particles (1) which at least partly consist of fibers and/or chips suitable for the production of material boards, wherein the particles (1) are dosed with a dosing device (11) for gluing, are dissolved with a dissolving device (3) and are glued with a binding agent (6) in a vertical drop shaft (4) consisting at least partly of plates (2) and are preferably subsequently mixed in a substantially horizontal mixing device (10), wherein at least parts of the plates (2) forming the walls of the drop shaft (4) are pivoted from a first operating position into a second cleaning position, characterized in that in the second cleaning position, cleaning means such as cleaning nozzles (7) are released which clean parts of the plates (2) and/or nozzles (14) spraying the binding agents (6) and/or
   in the second cleaning position the particle flow (5) of particles (1) is deflected through the plates (2) in such a way that it cleans further plates (2) or parts of the drop shaft.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second cleaning position the plates (2) are cleaned by the particles (1) flowing in the falling direction (13).
3. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning means comprise brushes or cleaning nozzles (7) which preferably clean the spraying nozzles (14) mechanically, pneumatically or chemically.
4. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates (2) are pivoted from the operating position to the cleaning position in a predetermined minute cycle, preferably every 5 minutes.
5. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates (2) are cooled, preferably to below 30°C.
6. Device for gluing particles (1), which at least partly consist of fibers and/or chips suitable for the production of material boards, comprising a dosing device (11) for dosing the particles (1), a substantially vertical drop shaft (4), a dissolving device (3) arranged in between and preferably a mixing device (10) arranged substantially horizontally downstream of the drop shaft (4), wherein pivotable plates (2) are arranged at least as parts of the drop shaft (4), which can be pivoted from a first operating position into a second cleaning position by means of at least one adjusting device (18), characterized in that in the second cleaning position cleaning means, such as cleaning nozzles (7), are released which clean parts of the plates (2) and/or nozzles (14) spraying the binding agents (6), and/or the plates (2) are pivotably arranged so that in the cleaning position they deflect the particle flow (5) emerging from the dissolving device (3) in order to clean other areas of the drop shaft (4).
7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that cleaning means, preferably brushes or cleaning nozzles (7), are arranged on the plates (2), which are particularly suitable for cleaning nozzles (14) spraying the binding agents (6).
8. Device according to one or more of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that a cooling device (9) is arranged on the plates (2), preferably on the pivotable plates (2).
9. Device according to one or more of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the pivotable plates (2) are arranged between the dissolving device (3) and the nozzles (14) spraying the binding agent (6).
10. Device according to one or more of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the device is used for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 5.

Images