EP2697022A1

EP2697022A1 - Method for operating a plant and apparatus for resinating chips, fibres or fibre-like material as part of the manufacture of materials boards

Info

Publication number: EP2697022A1
Application number: EP12713748.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gernot Von Haas
Original assignee: Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Current assignee: Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Priority date: 2011-04-13
Filing date: 2012-04-13
Publication date: 2014-02-19
Also published as: CN103459107A; WO2012140206A1; CN103459107B; DE102011007336A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for operating a plant for resinating material as part of the manufacture of materials boards, where the plant is designed for a given maximum possible throughput of fibres/chips per unit time for resination, and before the contacting of the binder (5) with the fibres (2) or chips (24), the binder (5) can be mixed with steam (6) to give a steam/binder mixture (15), and the binder (5) or the steam/binder mixture (15) is let down into a transport pipe (1) or into a mixing means (22) via an opening (23), more particularly an adjustable opening (23), of at least one nozzle (3), and is brought into contact with the fibres (2) and/or the chips (24). The invention for the method comprises the binder (5) being contacted in the form of a steam/binder mixture (15) with the fibres (2) and/or chips (24) up to a throughput of up to 66% of the maximum possible throughput, preferably up to 50% of the maximum throughput. Characteristic features of the apparatus of the invention are that the steam line (17) and the binder line (16) connect with at least one mixing chamber (7), and the steam line (17) includes a steam valve (30) disposed substantially adjacent to or bordering on the mixing chamber (7). (1419).

Description

Method for operating a system and device for gluing

Chips, fibers or fiber-like material in the course of the production of

The invention relates to a method for operating a system for gluing chips, fibers or fiber-like material in the course of the production of material plates according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for gluing according to the preamble of claim 15. The production of material plates of, for example Chips or

medium-density fibers or other free-flowing materials are now automated processes and have been used in many countries for years. As is known, the compression of processed chips or fibers takes place either clock-bound or continuously. In addition to the many plant components before and after the press, the production of a

Grit mat by means of spreaders an outstanding role, but the quality of the produced grit mat in addition to the quality of raw materials is an important factor. In the large-scale industrial production of wood-based panels are continuously working presses, but sometimes still single or multi-day presses used. The urge to make

Cost-effective material plates made of natural raw materials and artificially produced binders forces producers to develop more and more efficient processes. Particular focus is on energy costs, Resource and binder savings with consistent quality and technically optimized plant construction with low downtime and low wear. The present elaboration refers to the area for the optimization of the binder consumption and concomitantly also with the saving of energy costs. Because with optimal gluing with low

Moisture content not only result in lower costs

Binder consumption, but it must also be dried less binder in the dryer on the chips / fibers, which in turn saves energy and thus costs. Basically, the term binder is understood as meaning a so-called adhesive liquor which consists of an adhesive in its main component. Depending on requirements, emulsion, hardener, formaldehyde scavenger,

Dyes, insect repellent and antifungal agents and other additives

added. It is also common to use the adhesive without additives.

As binders come without claim to completeness in question:

Isocyanates, MDI, melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), urea formaldehyde (UF), MUPF or PF.

Basically underlying state of the art is the gluing of chips or fibers by means of spray nozzles in production facilities for chipboard or fiberboard. The nozzles shred the binder and spray it on moving chips or fibers. There are two gluing methods the spraying process on rotationally mixed chips or on fibers passing at high speed.

The chips are usually already delivered as chips or produced on site and fed to the gluing before or after drying. Fibers are produced by Zerfaservorrichtung on site and conveyed after the defibration between two grinding discs through a transport tube (English: Blow Line) to a dryer. Depending on the size and structure of the system can

Transport tube have a length of up to 100m. During the

Transport, which is preferably carried out at supersonic speed in a relatively small diameter tube diameter, the fibers are glued and then fed into a dryer. Subsequently, the chips or fibers are scattered on documents and by pressing too

Pressed material plates. Particular challenges arise in the high pressure gluing in a transport tube, since the flow highly turbulent, with a Reynolds number of 7 x 10 ⁵ to 3 x 10 ⁶ occurs. In this case, the speed of the fibers moves in a coarse range of at least 50 m / s up to a speed of 474 m / s. Usually, the necessary binder for gluing with nozzles in the transport tube or a

Mixing device (Beleimtrommel rotating and / or moving

Mixing elements) are introduced, which dissolve the binder such that it is injected in the multi-digit micron range. With so-called atomizing spray nozzles, it is possible to split the binder to an approximate size of 100 to 40 microns. But it is necessary, with high-pressure nozzles to work, which dissolve the binder on the nozzle head by relaxing in another pressure range. These nozzles are exposed to high wear. DE 10 2008 059 877 A1 discloses a method and a device for

Blending of chips, fibers or fiber-like material has become known, with which the binder is to be mixed before exiting the nozzle with steam. The high temperature of the steam and the extremely turbulent flow in the mixing chamber of the nozzle should ensure optimum dissolution of the binder. This is especially true of the

High pressure gluing an advantage, because of an existing pressure in the

It should also be possible to regulate the injection in a more controlled and finely controlled manner since it is no longer the pressure difference but the optimum distribution within the transport tube or the mixing device that is decisive criteria. It has been found that especially the binders, MDI, UF, MUF and PF in liquid or suspended (semi-liquid) or dispersed form are suitable for spraying with the present method or device.

A particular aspect of this disclosure was that the nozzles should be able to be used in any throughput range while maintaining the same glue consumption per throughput. If altogether the Device and the method can be practiced successfully, in turn, disadvantages in other aspects.

A negative aspect is the constant supply of steam for the

Gluing, which has proven to be substantially advantageous for atomization, but disadvantageous in terms of cost accounting, as a

Continuous steam delivery and use significantly increases the price of the final product. Basically, the following problem arises in the design of a plant: If a plant for producing glued chips or fibers is designed for a throughput of 30 t / h (30 × 10 ³ kg per hour), the number of gluing nozzles is also determined by their number and type of gluing ( Transport tube, Beleimtrommel ...) set. Of course, such a system is not always driven at full load, but it also plates are made with a low density, which require only one third or half of material throughput in the gluing per hour. At this moment is in particular at the

Glueing the problem that the glue consumption is not proportional to the lower material throughput, but with less glue consumption is almost a third above. If, in a theoretical example of 30 t / h, an adhesive consumption of about 3000 l / min (liter / min) is assumed, then, with a material throughput of 15 t / h, it would not be the case that 1 500 l / min are needed, but 1800 l / min, to optimum Results to achieve the gluing. That's a difference of up to 20% and more with a higher glue consumption at a lower one

Utilization of the gluing plant as designed. Thus it is for one

Plant operators more expensive to produce thin plates of lower density, because the higher costs for thin plates only cumbersome with a

Let client communicate, so that at the

Thin plate production (about half the annual production)

Profit margin can decrease significantly, due to the higher glue consumption. With regard to the adhesive, as an equipment producer you are also dependent on large chemical companies that are in a position to dictate the prices of their glue and increase prices at regular intervals.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for gluing chips and / or fibers, which also make it possible to use chips and / or fibers in a mixing device or in a transport tube acted upon by a conveying means

To glue different throughputs per unit time with a similar or even the same adhesive consumption per amount of material. The solution to this problem is for a method for operating a plant in that the method is based on which predetermined maximum possible throughput fibers / chips per unit time

Gluing is possible and that before contacting the binder with the fibers or chips, the binder can be mixed with steam to a vapor-binder mixture and the binder 5 or the vapor-binder mixture dissolved in a transport tube or a mixing device via a, in particular adjustable, opening at least one nozzle and with the fibers and / or the chips is brought into contact, with up to a throughput of up to 66% of the maximum possible

Throughput, preferably up to 50% of the maximum throughput, the binder is brought as a vapor-binder mixture with the fibers and / or the chips in contact.

The solution to this problem is for the device for gluing in that at least one nozzle is arranged for gluing, wherein the nozzle via at least one opening with the mixing device or a transport tube is connectable and the nozzle at least one adjusting device for adjusting in the transport pipe or in the mixing device to be introduced amount of the binder, wherein the nozzle at least one steam line and at least one binder line are arranged, wherein the steam line and the binder line are connected to at least one mixing space and that in the steam line substantially adjacent or adjacent to the mixing chamber, a steam valve is.

Advantageously, it is now possible as a teaching of the invention, the type of gluing, respectively, the wetting of the fibers / chips with binder, depending on the current throughput of fibers / chips per unit time to regulate and give the operator a sizing rule at hand from when it is is useful / necessary to use the binder as a vapor-binder mixture and when not. With high binder throughput, because the plant operates at the upper end of the maximum design, it is sufficient to use the

Binder to atomize directly using the nozzles, because the binder pressure within the nozzle is sufficiently high for optimal atomization. The binder throughput in the nozzles decreases because fewer chips / fibers per

Time unit must be glued, the ability of the nozzles decreases

disproportionately optimal to glue. For this reason, more binders are usually atomized per unit time than actually necessary to ensure the required Beleimungsqualität the chips / fibers, which significantly raises the pressure within the nozzle. As has now been found, it is therefore sufficient, in these operating ranges (less binder throughput in the nozzle / Beleimanlage per unit time) zuzuschalten instead of more binder steam to produce a vapor-binder mixture. The vapor pressure in the nozzle, respectively in the mixing chamber, atomizes the smaller amount

Binder nevertheless optimal. It is thus achieved that through the combination, binder for high pressure ranges / throughput, steam-binder mixture for lower pressure ranges / throughput, continuous optimum gluing with the lowest possible amount of binder with optimal optimal gluing is possible. The effort to produce and use steam is compared to the saved amount of binder but significantly cheaper. The amortization for suitable nozzles and

Control agents that can be used between atomization of binder and steam Switching binder mixtures is negligible in such durable systems.

A nozzle is advantageously designed so that the mixing space, which is suitable to produce the vapor-binder mixture, can be separated from the steam line. For this purpose, black / white valves are preferably used. But it is also conceivable, depending on the type of nozzle, within the

Mixing space to provide a sleeve which can be pushed over the opening of the steam line. This is advantageous because during nonuse of the steam line it may happen that the binder is forced into the steam line up to the valve. If the valve is too far away from the mixing chamber, the binder may cake and contaminate or damage the valve the next time the steam is turned on. It is therefore proposed to arrange the valve in its closing action as close as possible, ie adjacent or adjacent to the mixing chamber. By adjacent is meant a separation of the mixing chamber directly at the opening of the steam line to the mixing chamber, with adjacent means a distance of up to 20 cm, preferably up to 10 cm. The nozzles are designed as two-component nozzles (steam and binder), whereby the steam line can be shut off. The presented device is not only particularly suitable for the practice of the method, but can also be operated independently and find application. In particular, it has surprisingly been found and it is now advantageous that at higher throughput per unit time with the proposed method and apparatus steam can be saved, because it is not necessary at high pressures and concomitant use of the nozzles in an optimally designed operating range To add steam to the nozzles to achieve high binder dissolution.

But reduces the throughput per unit time and thus the amount of adhesive that must be sprayed through the nozzle by about half (40 l / min to 20 l / min), also reduces the pressure within the nozzle. Although this can be regulated within narrow limits by the control of the opening width, but unfortunately not accurate enough. The consequence is that the nozzles no longer work optimally and the dissolution quality of the binder significantly deteriorates. At the same time, however, the number of nozzles have been decisive in the design of the plant. It is not possible to simply turn off half of the nozzles so as to obtain the optimum throughput of adhesive in the remaining nozzles, because then half of the injection points in the material to be glued suddenly missing, which in turn contributes to a poorer gluing. Advantageously, the invention proposes here to turn on the steam only in the performance areas in which the nozzle does not work in the optimum pressure and power ranges. It is proposed

preferably the activation of steam in the lower 2/3 of the

Power range of the nozzles, respectively the system, but at least from the Half. Thus, in one embodiment, the steam in the Beleimdüsen at a production designed for 30 t / h at the earliest at a production of about 20 t / h (2/3), but especially from 15 t / h (1/2 ), is switched on. By the connection of the steam in these

In the performance areas, disproportionate glue consumption in the lower power ranges is dampened, so that approximately the same glue consumption is to be expected as with full capacity utilization of the plant. Of course, in this concept, the steam consumption (steam production) must be included, but compared to the consumption costs of the adhesive per unit time significantly less to even almost negligible and thus far-reaching

Savings effects for the operator of such a system brings with it.

Of direct advantage is also that said device in the

Nozzle area can be easily or automated, in particular prophylactically clean. Even blockages or jamming on the nozzle head are excluded or can be readily by the associated

Repair the adjusting device. However, a self-cleaning effect is given by the vapor flow when it is turned on. Further advantageous measures and embodiments of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a section through a device according to a first

Embodiment in the high pressure area with a transport tube and a nozzle proposed by way of example

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the transition from the mixing chamber in the

Transport tube of Figure 1 and

3 shows a section through a device according to a second

Embodiment in the normal pressure range with a

Mixing device and an exemplary nozzle.

Figures 1 and 2 show a fundamentally possible structure of a device, inter alia, for carrying out the method consisting of a transport tube 1 with a wall 10, within which the fibers 2 are transported past at least one nozzle 3 with a flowing conveyor 20. On a representation of several nozzles 3 on the transport tube 1 has been omitted for clarity. Next, the relation of the size of the transport tube 1 to nozzle 3 or wall 10 is not reproduced to scale. The nozzle 3 has an adjusting device 4, which is in operative connection with a nozzle head 12, in the example via a plunger 11. The adjusting device 4 is thus able to regulate or close the size of the opening 23 via the nozzle head 12. The

Actuator 4 is not limited in its design and regarding the choice of many options (linear conveyor, crank, ball or Rack and pinion, indirect drive ....) By the expert in detail to design. It should be emphasized that in the nozzle 3, a mixing chamber 7 is arranged, can be supplied separately from each other in the vapor 6 via a steam line 17 and binder 5 via a binder line 16. Fluid and high-pressure technical designs (high-pressure pumps,

Conveying equipment, steam production, steam line, check valves,

Pressure gauges) are also within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art to identify and install those standard components that are possible or necessary according to the prior art. During operation, in the mixing chamber 7, adjacent to the opening 23 and thus the transition to the transport tube 1, a vapor-binder mixture 15 is formed, which is preferably mixed under a predetermined pressure by a pressure preset 25 on the control or regulating device 9. In this case, the control or regulating device 9 controls or regulates the position of the nozzle head 12 via the adjusting device 4 and thus the size of the opening 23 on the basis of a pressure preset 25 or on the basis of a

Measurement result by the measuring device 8 at or in the mixing chamber 7. For an improvement of the control or the regulation, the device has a plurality of measuring points. For example, the pressure in the mixing chamber 7 with a measuring device 8 and / or the pressure in the binder line 16 with a measuring device 14 and / or the pressure in the steam line 17 with a measuring device 18 and / or the pressure in the transport tube 1 and in the Mixing device 22 with a measuring device 13 determined. To further Optimization of the method, the pressure in the mixing chamber 7 and / or the size of the adjustable opening 16 depending on the in the

Transport tube 1 to be introduced amount of binder 5 controlled or regulated by a control or regulating device 4. In this regard, a corresponding dependence on the

Flow rate of the fibers 2 are set or regulated. Preferably, the binder 5 can be supplied to the mixing chamber 7 with a lower pressure than the steam 6. This is advantageous in the dissolution and expulsion of the binder from the mixing chamber 7 by the steam. It has been found that the binder 5 should be introduced through the nozzle with a size smaller than 40 microns in the mixing device 22 or the transport tube 1.

In Figure 3 is a section through a device according to a second

Embodiment in the normal pressure range shown with a mixing device 22. The mixing device consists of a fixed drum 29 having an input for chips 24 on one side and an outlet for the glued chips 24 on the other side. The

Arrow direction shows the direction of passage of the chips 24, the over

Blades 27 on a mixing shaft 26, driven by a motor 28, are mixed and conveyed in the mixing device 22. In the upper part of a nozzle 3 in section and on the back of the opening 23 of another nozzle 3 is shown. In dashed form is another set of nozzles 3 shown. In the context of the invention, of course, only one nozzle 3, possibly also only in the entrance area, can be arranged. The nozzle head 12 defines the opening 23 of the nozzle 3 and is moved via the adjusting device 4. Preferably, in a mixing device 22, the steam 6 in the

Steam line 17 with 3 to 16 bar absolute introduced into the mixing chamber 7. In a further exemplary embodiment, additional steam 21 can be introduced into the mixing device 22 via an additional steam line 19 in order to convey the gluing in the mixing device 22. In this case, the additional steam line could also inject from below into the drum 29 to whirl up the chips.

Preferably, the connection and disconnection of the steam 6 and the position of the steam valve 30 is controlled or regulated via a predetermined pressure in the mixing chamber 7 via a control or regulating device 4. The pressure may be in the mixing chamber 7 and / or the size of the adjustable opening 16 in dependence on the in the transport tube 1 or in the mixing device 22nd

durchzusetzenden amount of fibers 2 / chips 24 are controlled or regulated by a control or regulating device 4. In particular, for measuring the pressures in or on the mixing chamber 7, a measuring device 8 and / or in or on the binder line 23, a measuring device 14 and / or in or on the steam line 17, a measuring device 18 and / or in or on the transport tube 1 and Mixing device 22 may be arranged a measuring device 13. It is also useful for controlling the size of the opening 23 and / or the steam valve 30, a control or To arrange control device 4. Also, in order to control or regulate the pressure in the mixing chamber 7 and / or the size of the adjustable opening 16 and / or the steam valve 30 for controlling the amount of steam in dependence on the amount of binder 5 to be introduced into the transport tube 1 or the mixing device 22, a control or control device 4 can be set up. Particularly preferred is arranged as a steam valve 30 in the steam line 17, a slide or a ball valve. The steam valve 30 of the steam line 17 may be designed for direct separation at the mixing chamber 7 and / or at least in one piece with the nozzle 3.

If in the described preferred embodiments the

Transport tube 1 is provided for the gluing of fibers or fiber-like material and the mixing device 22 for the gluing of chips, so this is not limiting, but there are a variety of

Devices or mixers or mixing devices, the one of

Application of the proposed nozzle and the proposed method can benefit. 1419

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 . Transport tube 16. Binder line

2. Fibers 17. Steam line

3. Nozzle 18. Measuring device

4. Actuator 19. Additional steam line

5. Binder 20. Conveyor

6. Steam 21. additional steam

7. Mixing chamber 22. Mixing device

8. Measuring device 23. Opening

9. Control or regulating device 24. Chips

10. Wall 25. Pressure specification for mixing chamber 7

1 1. Plunger 26. Mixing shaft

12. Nozzle head 27. Blend

13. Measuring device 28. Motor

14. Measuring device 29. Drum

15. Steam-binder mixture 30. Steam valve

Claims

claims

Method for operating a system for gluing chips, fibers or fiber-like material, in particular a plant for the production of fiber, MDF, HDF or Faserdämm-, wood material or plastic plates, the system for a given maximum possible throughput fibers / chips per unit time to

Glueing is designed and before contacting the

Binder (5) with the fibers (2) or the chips (24)

Binder (5) with steam (6) to a vapor-binder mixture (15) can be mixed and the binder (5) or the vapor-binder mixture (15) in a transport tube (1) or a

Mixing device (22) via a, in particular adjustable, opening (23) of at least one nozzle (3) dissolved and brought into contact with the fibers (2) and / or the chips (24), characterized in that up to a throughput of up to 66% of the maximum possible throughput, preferably up to 50% of the maximum throughput, the binder (5) as a vapor-binder mixture (15) with the fibers (2) and / or the chips (24) is brought into contact.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure in the mixing chamber (7) with a measuring device (8) and / or the pressure in the binder line (16) with a Messvornchtung (14) and / or the pressure in the steam line (17) with a measuring device (18) and / or the pressure in the transport tube (1) or in the mixing device (22) with a measuring device (13) is determined.

Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection and disconnection of the steam (6) and the position of the steam valve (30) via a predetermined pressure in the mixing chamber (7) via a control or regulating device (4) controlled or regulated.

Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure in the mixing chamber (7) and / or the size of the adjustable opening (23) in dependence on the durchzusetzenden in the transport tube (1) or in the mixing device (22) amount on fibers (2) / chips (24) via a control or regulating device (4) is controlled or regulated.

Apparatus for gluing chips (24) in a mixing device (22) with pressure ratios substantially corresponding to the ambient pressure or for gluing fibers (2) or gluing fiber-like material in one with a

Conveying means (20) acted upon transport tube (1) with substantially the ambient pressure exceeding pressure ratios with a binder (5) in the course of the production of fiber, MDF, HDF or Faserdämm-, derived timber products or plastic plates, consisting of a mixing device (22) or a transport tube (1) and at least one nozzle ( 3), wherein the nozzle (3) via at least one opening (23) with the mixing device (22) or a transport tube (1) is connectable and the nozzle (3) at least one adjusting device (4) for adjusting the in the transport tube (1 ) or in the

Mixing device (22) to be introduced amount of the binder (5), wherein on the nozzle (3) at least one steam line (17) and at least one binder line (16) are arranged,

the steam line (17) and the binder line (16) are connected to at least one mixing space (7), characterized in that in the steam line (17) in the

Essentially adjacent or adjacent to the mixing chamber (7), a steam valve (30) is arranged.

Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that for measuring the pressures in or on the mixing chamber (7) a

Measuring device (8) and / or in or on the binder line (16) a measuring device (14) and / or in or on the steam line (17) a measuring device (18) and / or in or on the transport tube (1) or the mixing device (22) a measuring device (13) is arranged.

Device according to one or more of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that for controlling or regulating the size of the opening (23) and / or the steam valve (30) a control or regulating device (4) is arranged.

Device according to one or more of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that for controlling or regulating the pressure in the mixing chamber (7) and / or the size of the adjustable opening (23) and / or the steam valve (30)

Control of the amount of steam as a function of in the

Transport tube (1) or the mixing device (22) to be introduced amount of binder (5) a control or regulating device (4) is arranged.

Device according to one or more of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a slider or a ball valve is arranged as a steam valve (30) in the steam line (17).

Device according to one or more of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the steam valve (30) di Steam line (17) for directly separation on the mixing chamber (7) and / or at least in one piece with the nozzle (3) is formed.