EP2941493B1 - Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface - Google Patents

Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2941493B1
EP2941493B1 EP13811944.1A EP13811944A EP2941493B1 EP 2941493 B1 EP2941493 B1 EP 2941493B1 EP 13811944 A EP13811944 A EP 13811944A EP 2941493 B1 EP2941493 B1 EP 2941493B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
nozzle
nozzle ring
coating
stick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13811944.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2941493A1 (fr
Inventor
Clemens Maria Verpoort
Leander Schramm
Enrico Hauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Publication of EP2941493A1 publication Critical patent/EP2941493A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2941493B1 publication Critical patent/EP2941493B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0636—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies by means of rotatable spray heads or nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for thermally coating a surface having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the WO98 / 35760 A1 discloses a burner head rotatable within a bore to be coated, from which a spray jet emerges perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Next thematizes the WO98 / 35760 A1 the negative effects of adhering to the burner head spray particles. This will be done according to the WO98 / 35760 A1 thereby prevents the metal wire and the nozzle are at the same electrical potential, so that an accumulation of metal dust is avoided.
  • the DE 10 2009 023 603 A1 deals with a suction device for extracting waste particles during thermal coating of an inner surface to be coated at least one bore in a component.
  • the suction device has at least one suction tube, which can be arranged below the bore. It is paid attention to a certain distance. It is also disclosed that an inner surface of the suction tube is polished smooth and / or coated with a non-stick coating.
  • the DE 10 2006 230483 A1 deals with a device for cold gas spraying, in which gas and spray particles are accelerated.
  • the cold gas spray nozzle is at least partially coated on its inner wall in order to use so hotter gases and spray particles than before.
  • the coating should prevent caking of the hot spray particles on the nozzle inner wall.
  • JP61-245978 A is a ceramic-coated burner nozzle for inert gas welding known.
  • the ceramic coating is applied by means of plasma flame spraying.
  • the ceramic coating is then ground to avoid adhesion of weld spatter.
  • the WO 2008/125356 A1 deals with an expansion nozzle, which has a convergent and a divergent and an intermediate narrowest area.
  • the inner contour of the expansion nozzle may be subjected to a surface treatment such as polishing and / or coating.
  • a spray gun is disclosed.
  • a front end of the nozzle is designed in the manner of a reflector, and equipped with a polished reflection surface for radiant heat.
  • the heat generated at the tip of the melting wire strikes the reflecting surface and is reflected correspondingly back to the molten particles and to the wire tip.
  • Devices for thermally coating a surface are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat US 6,372,298 B1 , of the US 6,706,993 B1 and the WO2010 / 112567 A1 described.
  • the devices mentioned there together have: a wire feed device for feeding a consumable wire, the wire acting as an electrode; a source of plasma gas for generating a plasma gas stream; a nozzle body having a nozzle opening through which the plasma gas stream is passed as a plasma jet to a wire end; and a second electrode disposed in the plasma gas stream prior to entering the nozzle orifice.
  • a wire feed device for feeding a consumable wire, the wire acting as an electrode
  • a source of plasma gas for generating a plasma gas stream
  • a nozzle body having a nozzle opening through which the plasma gas stream is passed as a plasma jet to a wire end
  • a second electrode disposed in the plasma gas stream prior to entering the nozzle orifice are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat US
  • the plasma jet emerging from the nozzle opening strikes the end of the wire, where it causes the wire to melt off with the arc and to remove the molten wire material in the direction of the surface to be coated.
  • Secondary air jets are provided around the nozzle orifice to form a secondary gas jet which strikes the material melted from the wire end to effect an acceleration of transport toward the surface to be coated and a secondary atomization of the molten wire material.
  • Today's internal combustion engines or their engine blocks can be made of a metal or light metal, such. Cast aluminum, in particular aluminum blocks have on their cylinder bores an iron or metal layer. The metal layer may be thermally sprayed.
  • thermal spraying processes in addition to two-wire arc spraying (TWA), HVOF spraying and plasma powder spraying, the above-mentioned processes are known as plasma wire spraying or PTWA (Plasma Transferred Wire Arc).
  • a coating of the cylinder bores by means of the plasma wire spraying method, ie with the PTWA is advantageous because it is possible to produce a coating which has a positive effect on a reduced wear factor, on an extended service life of the engine with lower oil consumption compared to conventional linings by means of cast bushes made of cast iron material.
  • the known devices for thermal coating and the processes carried out with them harbor some disadvantages.
  • the known devices are retracted, for example, in a cylinder bore to be coated and rotate in operation with a simultaneous linear up and down movement around itself. It is apparent that during the rotation of the device, the flowing in the cylinder bore process gases through flat surfaces of the device, in particular be taken similar by flat surfaces of the housing, a blade effect, so that additional turbulence arise.
  • the known devices have such a dimension that they can no longer coat the smaller and smaller in diameter cylinder bores with the required, promising parameters.
  • the present invention has the object to provide an improved device for thermal coating of surfaces, with which the injection process even small bore diameter is process stable feasible.
  • the device for thermally coating a surface is designed as a rotating, single-wire injection device and rotatable about its axis.
  • the device has at least one housing, a cathode, an anode, which is designed as a consumable wire, and at least one preferably electrically and thermally acting insulating element.
  • at least the housing has a non-stick and insulating layer system, wherein a non-releasable non-stick surface is arranged on an electrically and thermally insulating layer, which is arranged on the housing.
  • the device also referred to as a burner or burner head, is mounted by a spindle to a suitable rotating device.
  • the rotary device comprises in addition to the rotary drive and the rotary feedthrough of the process gases (primary gas / secondary gas) and the contacting of the cathode and anode potential.
  • the spindle thus serves as a kind of spacer / extension element from the rotary device to the burner head.
  • the spindle carries the process gases (primary gas / secondary gas), the wire and the electrical energy to the device, with the cathode potential lying on the spindle housing.
  • the housing of the burner head can be made in one or more parts, preferably in two parts, with at least one main element and at least one cover element which can be screwed together.
  • the housing may be made of copper, a copper alloy, in particular brass or aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the materials are of course not intended to be limiting. Nevertheless, the materials mentioned within the meaning of the invention are metallic materials.
  • the housing is formed of brass because of the extremely advantageous in the operation of the device advantageous properties such as thermal expansion, heat capacity, thermal conductivity and surface quality.
  • the high temperatures can lead to localized welds, and the molten state can cause some particles to mechanically bond when they impact the device's surfaces.
  • the use of non-magnetizable materials avoids the adhesion of magnetized deflected or reflected particles.
  • the surface quality is crucial for the avoidable adherence of overspray and / or sprayed dust, which is why the surface is preferably polished in order to reduce the roughness, which counteracts deposition on the housing.
  • a non-stick surface may be a surface of a suitable housing and / or spindle material which has at least non-stick properties for the expected spray dusts whose roughness can be further reduced by suitable surface finishing, for example by grinding, superfinishing, polishing or lapping.
  • the housing may also have as a non-stick surface but also a suitable coating, which on the housing is applied.
  • the non-stick surface is materially connected, ie not detachably connected to the housing, which means that either the material of the housing itself forms the non-stick surface, or that the non-stick surface is applied as a protective layer on the material of the housing, so that the two components (housing / spindle Anti-adhesive surface) are in any case not non-destructively separable.
  • the non-stick surface may also have electrically and thermally insulating protective functions. To improve handling and to protect the achieved surface quality, a high hardness of the housing material is expedient or can be increased by the targeted selection of the coating material of the housing, the hardness of the non-stick surface.
  • the housing as a non-stick surface may have a decorative or hard chrome coating.
  • the decorative or hard chrome coating is a metallic non-stick surface, and can have, for example, a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m or 40 ⁇ m-100 ⁇ m. After appropriate surface finishing, the spray dusts do not bond firmly with these coatings. Rather, depositing sprayed dust can hang up only loosely.
  • non-stick surfaces by different coating methods of the housing, known metallic hard materials (eg tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride) or hard material mixed crystals (eg tungsten carbide titanium carbide, tungsten carbide cobalt, titanium carbide titanium nitride) or non-metallic hard materials (eg diamond , Silicon carbide and nitride, boron carbide and nitride, chromium oxide), which can be applied by different methods (eg electroplating, thermal spraying, PVD, CVD), also with the formation of intermediate layers.
  • metallic hard materials eg tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride
  • hard material mixed crystals eg tungsten carbide titanium carbide, tungsten carbide cobalt, titanium carbide titanium nitride
  • non-metallic hard materials eg diamond , Silicon carbide and nitride, boron carbide and nitride, chromium oxide
  • the housing may have an aluminum oxide protective layer as the non-stick surface.
  • the alumina protective layer is a ceramic non-stick surface. This can be applied by way of example by a powder plasma spraying. In this case, for example, an example 500 .mu.m - 1000 .mu.m thick aluminum oxide protective layer can be applied as an additional electrically insulating layer.
  • the non-stick surface can be sealed by silicates such as water glass in the hot state to the sprayed possibly canceling hygroscopic property of the alumina protective layer, which could lose the electrical breakdown strength at high humidity.
  • the sprayed-on aluminum oxide protective layer can be ground and / or polished in order to counteract any possible adhesion to a rough surface.
  • the electrical insulation process reliability is increased, since in this way the cathode potential of the housing is additionally advantageously isolated and thus also further design options of the aforementioned isolation element are permitted, as will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the housing may have as an anti-adhesion surface an aluminum layer, which may be applied by way of example by a wire arc spraying, wherein the aluminum layer may have a thickness of for example 100 .mu.m.
  • This layer can subsequently be converted by the MAO (Micro-Arc Oxidation) or PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) process into an aluminum oxide protective layer, for example into an Al 2 O 3 ceramic layer, which is electrically insulating and additionally adheres to sprayed dust prevents simultaneous heat protection.
  • MAO Micro-Arc Oxidation
  • PEO Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
  • the housing may also be formed of a heat-resistant aluminum material instead of the brass.
  • This is advantageous in that the thermal conductivity is significantly increased compared to brass, so that the flowing process gases can cool the housing inside better.
  • an anti-adhesion surface outside for example, an oxide ceramic coating, for example by powder plasma spraying.
  • an electrically insulating coating for example by the so-called.
  • MAO Micro-Arc Oxidation
  • PEO Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
  • the housing and / or the spindle may have a zirconium oxide protective layer as a non-stick surface.
  • the zirconia protective layer has, in addition to the non-stick property, a heat-insulating property, so that the housing is protected against heat convection and heat radiation, so that at the same time further reduces the possible adhesion of sprayed dust on the preferably ground and / or polished non-stick surface.
  • the housing may have an aluminum nitride protective layer as a non-stick surface. Due to the advantageous properties of high thermal conductivity with good electrical insulation, high temperature resistance and high hardness of aluminum nitride, the reflected and / or deflected particles, which impinge on the non-stick surface, the heat quickly removed, so that the particles solidify, without local defects to cause the aluminum nitride. A mechanical clamping of the particles is avoided by the surface texture. Local destruction is avoided in particular by the use of a nitride for the coating of the housing. In this way, the non-stick surface can not be permanently damaged.
  • the non-stick surface is formed on a layer system of different materials, the non-stick surface being produced on the outermost layer by suitable surface finishing.
  • the different special properties of the respective coating materials can be combined in a technically meaningful way.
  • a 500 .mu.m.-1000 .mu.m thick aluminum oxide protective layer can be applied to the housing by means of powder plasma spraying, onto which, for example, a further 100 ⁇ m-200% .mu.m thick tungsten carbide-cobalt covering layer is applied by another powder plasma spraying.
  • tungsten carbide-cobalt topcoat created the non-stick surface in the subsequent surface finish.
  • the additional electrically and thermally acting insulation can also be achieved by other materials, for example zirconium oxide or aluminum oxide-zirconium oxide mixtures.
  • other materials for example chromium oxide, can also be used to form the non-stick surface.
  • the housing is designed predominantly round. Only in the area of the nozzle opening, that is to say only on the side of a nozzle ring and only in the region of the nozzle ring is the circular design of the housing seen in cross-section eliminated.
  • the housing is flattened, wherein an oblique transition merges into a plane in which the nozzle ring or the nozzle opening is arranged.
  • the consistent maintenance of the circular in cross-section housing avoids a blade effect, ie entrainment of the located in a cylinder bore process gases or air, whereby a negative influence of the blade effect on the, in the direction of the surface to be coated particles to be transported is significantly reduced.
  • This flow-optimized surface shape also affects reduced deposits on the housing and also favors the subsequent surface finishing to form the non-stick surface.
  • the at least one insulation element is designed, for example, as a nozzle ring.
  • the nozzle ring is preferably formed of a ceramic, more preferably of a high-performance ceramic and acts electrically and thermally insulating between the housing and a wire guide.
  • the nozzle ring is the only external insulator in the otherwise metallic outer shape of the entire device or the Housing.
  • the function of the nozzle ring can also be performed as an extension of a secondary gas nozzle.
  • the nozzle ring is funnel-shaped and extends from an outer ring in the direction of a central opening. It is also possible to perform the nozzle ring sleeve-like with a projecting away from a researchedflansch wall portion. It is also possible to provide a funnel-shaped section on which a wall section extending away from it is arranged.
  • the nozzle ring may be one-piece or multi-piece, preferably ceramics such as e.g. Silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, ATZ or ZTA can be used for producing the nozzle ring.
  • the nozzle ring is polished at least on its surface oriented away from the cathode, more preferably highly polished, in order to avoid buildup.
  • Another ceramic material for the nozzle ring with very high thermal conductivity and high dielectric strength is the composite ceramic Shapal TM.
  • the effect of better heat dissipation and thus faster solidification of the spatter is achieved with smaller splashes before they destroy the surface texture of the ceramic by local overheating and thus a local clamping of the particles is made possible.
  • the nozzle ring is designed in several parts and has partially inside a non-stick and / or insulating layer.
  • the nozzle ring is made in one piece and has partially inside and outside on a non-stick and / or insulating layer.
  • the nozzle ring is multi-part and has an extended configuration.
  • the nozzle ring is in one piece and has a prolonged configuration.
  • the nozzle ring is made in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes in the middle in one plane.
  • the nozzle ring is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes tangential in one plane.
  • the nozzle ring is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes tangentially in several levels.
  • the nozzle ring is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with slot and holes tangentially in several levels.
  • the nozzle ring is in several parts as a protective gas nozzle with slot and tangential labyrinth holes.
  • a protective gas flow is introduced in order to avoid and / or remove reflected and / or deflected particles, wherein the protective gas flow around the spray jet is generated continuously and / or pulsed.
  • the process gases can be used, wherein in particular the secondary gas can be supplied as a protective gas. It is also possible to supply gases other than process gases, such as Air, argon or other gases.
  • the protective gas flow can be effected by means of bores arranged centrally and / or bores arranged tangentially in one or more planes of the nozzle ring.
  • the flow through slot nozzles and / or slot nozzles with centrally and / or tangentially arranged holes in one or more planes of the nozzle ring can be done by slot nozzles with labyrinth with centrally arranged holes / slots and / or tangentially arranged holes / slots to stabilize the protective gas flow.
  • the devices having the non-stick surface are cleaned.
  • the burner head and the spindle can be blown off with a linear and rotating movement in front of an air nozzle, so that, for example, electrostatically adhering dusts can be removed from the housings.
  • the device for removing any adhering dusts even before a fan nozzle rotating or linearly moved by an annular air nozzle.
  • compressed air can be used for blowing off the device not only air. It is possible to clean the device with carbon dioxide (similar to snow blasting), nitrogen and / or argon. A mechanical cleaning, for example by brushing, of course, with appropriate design of the non-stick surface can also be implemented. Dust generated during the cleaning process can be supplied to the filters for disposal via the existing suction devices.
  • the ceramic nozzles or preferably the nozzle ring, freed from dust residues, for which example is blown with an annular air nozzle against the ceramic nozzles.
  • the process gases flow through the nozzle openings during the cleaning operations, including during the cleaning of the burner head housing, with possibly different parameters.
  • the nozzle orifice could be exemplified with a sealing element, e.g. closed with a rubber stopper of only 2 mm diameter, for example.
  • the sealing element is of course adapted to the nozzle opening to prevent penetration of spray dust or other harmful media.
  • the cleaning device is arranged on the carrier module (that is, on a robot arm, for example), which has the surface to be coated, that is, e.g. carries the engine block with the cylinder liners to be coated.
  • the device can be moved out of the coated bore.
  • the carrier module moves with its cleaning device, so preferably with its blower along the device up and down, with the device rotates at low speed. It may be auseichend if the device is already cleaned after a revolution, which of course several revolutions around its own axis are possible.
  • the invention provides a device for coating surfaces, in particular for lining cylinder bores with small diameters ( ⁇ 60 mm) of internal combustion engines, which is rotatable about its axis and, in the case of a melting-down wire system designed as an anode, a high application rate with a long service life and correspondingly reduced maintenance costs can be process-stable even small bore diameter inside coating (rotating single-wire arc spraying).
  • a melting-down wire system designed as an anode a high application rate with a long service life and correspondingly reduced maintenance costs can be process-stable even small bore diameter inside coating (rotating single-wire arc spraying).
  • a melting-down wire system designed as an anode a high application rate with a long service life and correspondingly reduced maintenance costs can be process-stable even small bore diameter inside coating (rotating single-wire arc spraying).
  • a melting-down wire system designed as an anode a high application rate with a long service life and correspondingly reduced maintenance costs can be process
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for thermally coating a surface.
  • the device 1 may also be referred to as a burner 1, which for the thermal coating of a cylinder bore even smaller diameter of less than 60mm is suitable.
  • a burner 1 which for the thermal coating of a cylinder bore even smaller diameter of less than 60mm is suitable.
  • an arc is ignited, which melts the spray additive, wherein molten material is transported to the surface to be coated.
  • two gases are used namely primary gas and secondary gas.
  • the primary gas has the task of maintaining or carrying the arc, wherein the primary gas additionally has cooling functions, the secondary gas also has a dual function.
  • the secondary gas should support the transport of the molten particles and further atomize and accelerate the particles.
  • the secondary gas has a cooling function, which will be discussed later.
  • the primary gas may be argon, nitrogen, a mixture of inert gases or a mixture of the exemplary gases with hydrogen and / or helium.
  • the secondary gas may be air or compressed air. It is also possible that argon, nitrogen or other inert gases are used as secondary gas. Of course, the gases exemplified are not intended to be limiting.
  • the device 1 may comprise a head part 2, by way of example a connector 3 as an intermediate part and an adapter 4 as a connecting part, wherein primary gas connections, secondary gas connections, power source connections, control and monitoring devices and a wire in FIG. 1 not shown.
  • a head part 2 by way of example a connector 3 as an intermediate part and an adapter 4 as a connecting part, wherein primary gas connections, secondary gas connections, power source connections, control and monitoring devices and a wire in FIG. 1 not shown.
  • the device rotates around itself and is linearly reciprocated.
  • a linear movement of the component to be coated can take place.
  • the device 1 for thermally coating a surface comprises, as shown by way of example, a two-part housing 6 with a main element 7 and a cover element 8, a cathode 9, a primary gas distributor 11, a secondary gas distributor 12, electrically and thermally acting insulation elements 13, 14, and 16, and an anode which is formed as a melting wire via a wire guide into a secondary gas 19, wherein a primary gas nozzle 21 is mounted centered parallel to the secondary gas distributor 12 to the primary gas distributor 11, and at its to the secondary gas 19th oriented side 22 in a plane radially arranged openings, that has holes or slots.
  • the insulation elements are embodied by way of example by a plurality of components as a nozzle ring 13, a nozzle insulator 14 and a main insulator 16.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is formed of a ceramic, preferably of a high-performance ceramic and acts electrically and thermally insulating between the housing 6 and the wire guide.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is the only outer insulator in the otherwise metallic outer shape of the entire device or of the housing 6.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is funnel-shaped and extends from an outer ring 24 in the direction of a central opening 25 (FIG. FIG. 2 ). It is also possible, the nozzle ring 13 sleeve-like ( FIG. 3 ) with a projecting away from a foot flange 26 wall portion 27, so that a nozzle ring 13 is formed in an extended configuration.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is polished in both embodiments, at least on its away from the cathode 9 outer surface 28, preferably highly polished to avoid buildup.
  • the nozzle ring 13 may be one-piece or multi-piece, preferably ceramics such as. Silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, ATZ or ZTA can be used for producing the nozzle ring.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is designed in several parts and has partially inside a non-stick and / or insulating surface or layer 29 ( FIG. 4 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is made in one piece and has partially on the inside and outside of a non-stick and / or insulating surface or layer 29.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is multi-part and has an extended configuration ( FIG. 5 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is in one piece and has an extended configuration (FIG. FIG. 6 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is designed in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes 30 in the middle in a plane ( FIG. 7 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes 30 tangentially in a plane ( FIG. 8 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with holes 30 tangentially in several planes ( FIG. 9 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is in one piece as a protective gas nozzle with slot 31 and holes 30 tangentially in several levels ( FIG. 10 ).
  • the nozzle ring 13 is in several parts as a protective gas nozzle with slot 31 and tangential labyrinth bores 32 (FIG. FIG. 11 ).
  • a protective gas flow is introduced into the nozzle opening 33 in order to avoid and / or remove reflected and / or deflected particles, wherein the protective gas flow around the spray jet is generated continuously and / or pulsed.
  • the nozzle opening 33 is arranged in the flattened part of the housing 6, so its main element 7 and is also defined by the surface 28 of the nozzle ring 13.
  • the spray jet emerges from the nozzle opening 33.
  • the process gases can be used, which only need to be branched off, wherein in particular the secondary gas can be supplied as a protective gas. It is also possible to supply gases other than process gases, such as, for example, air, argon or other gases.
  • the protective gas flow can take place through centrally disposed bores 30 and / or tangentially arranged bores 30 in one or more planes of the nozzle ring 13. Furthermore, to stabilize the protective gas flow, the flow through slot nozzles 31 and / or slot nozzles 31 with centrally and / or tangentially arranged holes 30 in a or multiple levels of the nozzle ring 13 done. Furthermore, to stabilize the protective gas flow, these can be done through slot nozzles 31 with labyrinth 32 with bores / slots 30/31 arranged centrally and / or tangentially arranged bores / slots 30/31.
  • the protective gas effectively acts as a protective shield to protect the surface 28, which protects the surface 28 of the nozzle ring 13, ie, the nozzle opening 33, from deposition of said particles.
  • the housing 6 is designed, for example, in two parts with the main element 7 and the cover element 8, which benefits the ease of maintenance. As can be seen, the housing 6 is designed predominantly round. Only in the area of the nozzle opening 33, the circular design of the housing 6, ie of the main element 7, is circular as seen in cross-section. Here, the housing 6 is flattened, wherein an oblique transition merges into a plane in which the nozzle ring 13 and the nozzle opening 33 is arranged.
  • the consistent maintenance of the circular in the cross-section housing 6 avoids a blade effect, ie entrainment of the located in a cylinder bore process gases or air, whereby a negative influence of the blade effect on the, in the direction of the surface to be coated particles to be transported is significantly reduced.
  • This flow-optimized surface shape also affects reduced deposits on the housing.
  • the cover element 8 can be screwed to the main element 7 to the housing 6 by means of screws 34.
  • the housing 6 is preferably formed from a brass, and has a non-stick surface 36.
  • the non-stick surface 36 may be configured so that the material of the housing 6 is polished to reduce the roughness, which counteracts deposition on the housing 6. The same applies to the spindle, not shown in the figures.
  • the housing 6 may also have a coating of metallic or preferably ceramic type as the non-stick surface 36.
  • the non-stick surface 36 is applied by way of example as a coating.
  • a non-stick surface 36 of the main element 7 can be seen, wherein a nozzle ring is not recognizable.
  • the lid member 8 may have a non-stick surface.
  • the invention provides a rotating single-wire injection device 1, with which cylinder bores of smaller diameter can also be coated.
  • the arc to be ignited ignites directly between the cathode and anode, ie on the wire, and not as known devices between cathode and plasma gas nozzle, in which especially at higher currents by the influence of the arc, the life was reduced.
  • the primary gas nozzle 21 is cooled by the secondary gas, which is why the openings, so slots are provided.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is virtually the only external insulator in the otherwise metallic outer shape of the entire device or of the housing.
  • the wire guide is completely incorporated with its components within the housing 6, so in the main element 7, so that external protection measures can be omitted.
  • FIG. 1 are still sealing elements 35 recognizable.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface, le dispositif étant réalisé sous la forme d'un dispositif de pulvérisation monofil rotatif (1) et pouvant tourner autour de son axe, et présentant au moins un boîtier (6), une cathode (9), une anode réalisée sous forme de fil fusible, et au moins un élément isolant (13),
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au moins le boîtier (6) présente un système de couche antiadhésive et isolante, une surface antiadhésive non détachable (36) étant disposée sur une couche électriquement et thermiquement isolante qui est disposée sur le boîtier (6).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément isolant (13) est réalisé sous forme d'anneau de buse formé d'une céramique qui est polie sur sa surface orientée à l'écart de la cathode (9).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément isolant (13) présente au moins en partie une surface antiadhésive et/ou isolante (29).
EP13811944.1A 2013-01-04 2013-12-19 Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface Active EP2941493B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013200067.7A DE102013200067A1 (de) 2013-01-04 2013-01-04 Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
PCT/EP2013/077414 WO2014106591A1 (fr) 2013-01-04 2013-12-19 Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2941493A1 EP2941493A1 (fr) 2015-11-11
EP2941493B1 true EP2941493B1 (fr) 2018-10-17

Family

ID=49880774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13811944.1A Active EP2941493B1 (fr) 2013-01-04 2013-12-19 Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10060020B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2941493B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105051241B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013200067A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014106591A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021058337A1 (fr) 2019-09-27 2021-04-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Chalumeau à arc et procédé de revêtement de surfaces métalliques
DE102021113514A1 (de) 2021-05-26 2022-12-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Metallsprays

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013200067A1 (de) 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Ford-Werke Gmbh Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
MX369198B (es) * 2016-03-23 2019-10-31 Nissan Motor Antorcha de pulverización térmica.

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3055591A (en) 1959-07-29 1962-09-25 Metco Inc Heat-fusible material spray equipment
JPS61245978A (ja) 1985-04-25 1986-11-01 Toyota Motor Corp セラミツク被覆ト−チノズルおよびその製造方法
US5808270A (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-09-15 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Plasma transferred wire arc thermal spray apparatus and method
CN1242720A (zh) 1997-02-14 2000-01-26 福特环球技术公司 改进的等离子体转移金属丝弧热喷镀装置及方法
DE19922161A1 (de) * 1998-05-18 1999-12-09 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Anti-Haft-Beschichtung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP1210180A1 (fr) * 1999-07-29 2002-06-05 Metalspray International LC Dispositif de pulverisation thermique
US6498316B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2002-12-24 Thermal Dynamics Corporation Plasma torch and method for underwater cutting
FR2807912B1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2003-06-27 Lasers Et Tech Avancees Bureau Procede et torche a plasma pour traiter une surface dans une cavite, et installation de remplissage bouchage s'y rapportant
US6372298B1 (en) 2000-07-21 2002-04-16 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. High deposition rate thermal spray using plasma transferred wire arc
US6732298B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2004-05-04 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Nonmaskable interrupt workaround for a single exception interrupt handler processor
US6610959B2 (en) 2001-04-26 2003-08-26 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Single-wire arc spray apparatus and methods of using same
US6706993B1 (en) 2002-12-19 2004-03-16 Ford Motor Company Small bore PTWA thermal spraygun
US20070045258A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-01 Tsunehiko Yamazaki Nozzle polishing device in laser processing machine
DE102006023483A1 (de) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-22 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen
DE102007017513A1 (de) 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Bauteilen
ATE550453T1 (de) 2007-04-16 2012-04-15 Hermle Maschb Gmbh Expansionsdüse zum thermischen spritzen und verfahren zu deren herstellung
DE102008016041A1 (de) 2008-03-28 2009-01-02 Daimler Ag Vorrichtung
EP2236211B1 (fr) 2009-03-31 2015-09-09 Ford-Werke GmbH Système pour la déposition thermique de revêtements par pulvérisation à arc électrique
DE102009023603A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Daimler Ag Absaugvorrichtung zum Absaugen von Abfallpartikeln beim thermischen Beschichten
DE102011002501A1 (de) 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Ford-Werke Gmbh Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
DE102013200067A1 (de) 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Ford-Werke Gmbh Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021058337A1 (fr) 2019-09-27 2021-04-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Chalumeau à arc et procédé de revêtement de surfaces métalliques
DE102019126115A1 (de) * 2019-09-27 2021-04-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Lichtbogenbrenner und Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Metalloberflächen
DE102021113514A1 (de) 2021-05-26 2022-12-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Metallsprays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150376759A1 (en) 2015-12-31
WO2014106591A1 (fr) 2014-07-10
DE102013200067A1 (de) 2014-07-10
CN105051241B (zh) 2021-07-20
CN105051241A (zh) 2015-11-11
EP2941493A1 (fr) 2015-11-11
US10060020B2 (en) 2018-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2941320B1 (fr) Dispositif pour le revêtement thermique de surface
DE4321713C2 (de) Zusammengesetzter Scheibenbremsenrotor und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE3942050B4 (de) Vorrichtung zur Laserplasmaspritzung mit axialer Strömung
EP2941493B1 (fr) Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface
DE69506818T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen einer Schicht auf ein Substrat durch thermisches Verspritzen
EP2075074B1 (fr) Système de masquage destiné au masquage d'un espace de vilebrequin d'un moteur à combustion interne
US5844192A (en) Thermal spray coating method and apparatus
DE102014211366A1 (de) Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Oxidationsschutzschicht für einen Kolben zum Einsatz in Brennkraftmaschinen und Kolben mit einer Oxidationsschutzschicht
WO2013014214A2 (fr) Procédé de revêtement mettant en oeuvre des matériaux de revêtement pulvérulents spéciaux et utilisation de tels matériaux de revêtement
WO2007141076A1 (fr) Procédé de traitement par étincelage d'un matériau non électriquement conducteur
DE102009004581A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen
DE60023656T2 (de) Flüssigkeitskristallpolymerbeschichtungsprozess
DE102013226690A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
JPWO2017163325A1 (ja) 溶射トーチ
DE202018102704U1 (de) Bremskörper für ein Fahrzeug
US7144602B2 (en) Process for obtaining a flexible/adaptive thermal barrier
DE102018113643A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung einer Oberfläche
KR101709758B1 (ko) 스패터 비용착형 용접토치 제조방법
DE102013226361B4 (de) Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
JP2018197370A (ja) 溶射膜の成膜方法
DE102019126115A1 (de) Lichtbogenbrenner und Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Metalloberflächen
WO2019048431A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de projection arc-fil
EP1839794A1 (fr) Procédé pour usiner par électro-érosion des materiaux électriquement non-conducteur
DE102013112809A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gespritzten Zylinderlauffläche eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie derartiges Zylinderkurbelgehäuse
JP2001200354A (ja) 溶射方法及び溶射装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20150804

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20180223

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 502013011379

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: C23C0004120000

Ipc: C23C0004131000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B05B 7/22 20060101ALI20180629BHEP

Ipc: C23C 4/131 20160101AFI20180629BHEP

Ipc: B05B 13/06 20060101ALI20180629BHEP

Ipc: B05B 15/50 20180101ALI20180629BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180719

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502013011379

Country of ref document: DE

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1054131

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20181115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20181017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190217

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190117

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190217

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190118

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502013011379

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181219

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20190718

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20181231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181231

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1054131

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20181219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20131219

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181017

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181017

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230620

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R084

Ref document number: 502013011379

Country of ref document: DE