EP2931966A2 - Stahlseil mit schichten mit hoher durchlässigkeit - Google Patents

Stahlseil mit schichten mit hoher durchlässigkeit

Info

Publication number
EP2931966A2
EP2931966A2 EP13803069.7A EP13803069A EP2931966A2 EP 2931966 A2 EP2931966 A2 EP 2931966A2 EP 13803069 A EP13803069 A EP 13803069A EP 2931966 A2 EP2931966 A2 EP 2931966A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
layer
wires
son
cables
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13803069.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emmanuel Clement
Sébastien HOLLINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland, Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA, Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Publication of EP2931966A2 publication Critical patent/EP2931966A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
    • D07B1/0633—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration having a multiple-layer configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/0007—Reinforcements made of metallic elements, e.g. cords, yarns, filaments or fibres made from metal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/446—Yarns or threads for use in automotive applications
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/48—Tyre cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0613—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
    • D07B1/0626—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration the reinforcing cords consisting of three core wires or filaments and at least one layer of outer wires or filaments, i.e. a 3+N configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D07B2201/2003—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape flat
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D07B2201/2004—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape triangular
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D07B2201/2005—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape oval
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2006—Wires or filaments characterised by a value or range of the dimension given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/201—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating
    • D07B2201/2011—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating comprising metals
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029—Open winding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029—Open winding
    • D07B2201/203—Cylinder winding, i.e. S/Z or Z/S
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029—Open winding
    • D07B2201/2031—Different twist pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2037—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments regarding the dimension of the wires or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2038—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/204—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments nine or more wires or filaments respectively forming multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2051—Cores characterised by a value or range of the dimension given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
    • D07B2201/206—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires arranged parallel to the axis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
    • D07B2201/2061—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires resulting in a twisted structure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2075—Fillers
    • D07B2201/2079—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling
    • D07B2201/2081—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling having maximum filling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
    • D07B2201/2097—Binding wires
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3025—Steel
    • D07B2205/3028—Stainless steel
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3025—Steel
    • D07B2205/3035—Pearlite
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3025—Steel
    • D07B2205/3042—Ferrite
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/306—Aluminium (Al)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3067—Copper (Cu)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3071—Zinc (Zn)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3085—Alloys, i.e. non ferrous
    • D07B2205/3089—Brass, i.e. copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) alloys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3085—Alloys, i.e. non ferrous
    • D07B2205/3092—Zinc (Zn) and tin (Sn) alloys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2065—Reducing wear
    • D07B2401/207—Reducing wear internally
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/208—Enabling filler penetration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2046—Tire cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/12—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12333—Helical or with helical component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to cylindrical layer cables used in particular for the reinforcement of tires, particularly tires for heavy industrial vehicles.
  • a radial carcass reinforcement tire comprises a tread, two inextensible beads, two flanks connecting the beads to the tread and a belt, or crown reinforcement, arranged circumferentially between the carcass reinforcement and the band. rolling.
  • This crown reinforcement comprises several layers of rubber, possibly reinforced by reinforcing elements or reinforcements such as cables or monofilaments, of metal or textile type.
  • the tire crown reinforcement generally consists of at least two superimposed layers, sometimes called working plies or crossed plies, whose reinforcing cables, generally metallic, are arranged substantially parallel to each other at the same time. interior of a web, but crossed from one web to another, that is to say inclined, symmetrically or otherwise, with respect to the median circumferential plane, of an angle which is generally between 10 ° and 45 ° depending on the type of tire considered.
  • the crossed plies may be supplemented by various other plies or layers of auxiliary gum, of varying widths depending on the case, with or without reinforcements.
  • simple rubber cushions may be mentioned, so-called protective layers intended to protect the rest of the crown reinforcement from external aggressions, perforations, or so-called hooping plies comprising reinforcements oriented substantially according to the invention.
  • circumferential direction so-called zero-degree plies, whether radially external or internal with respect to the crossed plies.
  • the working plies are generally reinforced by so-called strand cords ("strand cords") which have a high breaking force.
  • strand cords strand cords
  • the state of the art is known of a strand cable comprising a core strand and a plurality of strand strands, each strand comprising one or more core strands surrounded by an intermediate layer of N strands, optionally itself surrounded by an outer layer of P son, the assembly may be optionally shrunk by a hooping layer.
  • strand cables of structure (1 + 6) + 6x (1 + 6) or (3 + 9) + 8x (1 + 6) are known.
  • the characteristics of the stranded cable are chosen so as to favor a high-breaking force of the cable, with respect to the resistance to corrosion.
  • the invention therefore aims a cable both resistant to corrosion and compression.
  • the subject of the invention is a cylindrical wire rope comprising:
  • the inter-wire distance D2 of the wires of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 25 ⁇ and the inter-wire distance D3 of the wires of the outer layer is greater than or equal to 25 ⁇
  • the cable according to the invention has high compressive strengths and corrosion resistance.
  • the inventors at the origin of the invention discovered that the problems of resistance to compression and corrosion could be solved synergistically by a cable highly gum-penetrable layer having unsaturated intermediate and outer layers and relatively high D2 and D3 interfering distances.
  • the cable according to the invention is highly penetrable and has a compressive strength greater than a moderately or poorly penetrable cable and having comparable or even superior mechanical properties.
  • the interleaf distance of a layer is defined, on a section of the cable perpendicular to the main axis of the cable, as the smallest distance separating, on average on said layer, two adjacent wires of said layer.
  • channels allow the passage of the rubber, firstly through the outer layer and secondly through the intermediate layer to effectively penetrate the rubber in the cable during the vulcanization of the tire.
  • the inventors at the origin of the invention have identified that the most harmful effect of corrosive agents was not so much the alteration of the mechanical properties of the cable, especially its breaking force, that the loss of adhesion between the yarns and the adjacent gum subsequent to corrosion of the adhesion interface by these corrosive agents. When it occurs, this loss of adhesion leads to a separation of the cable of its adjacent eraser. Once disconnected, the cable then slides in a sheath formed by the adjacent rubber and no longer takes the forces exerted on the tire. It is therefore less resistant to compression. On the contrary, the cable according to the invention makes it possible to preserve the adhesion between the wires and the adjacent rubber. The cable according to the invention thus cooperates with the rubber to take up the forces exerted on the tire and is therefore more resistant to compression.
  • the cable is of the tubular or cylindrical layer type.
  • cables with tubular or cylindrical layers is meant cables consisting of a core comprising an inner layer, and optionally a core or a core, and one or more concentric layers, here the intermediate and outer layers, each of form cylindrical or tubular, arranged around this core, such that, at least in the cable at rest, the thickness of each intermediate and outer layer is substantially equal to the diameter of the son constituting it;
  • the cross section of the cable has a substantially circular outline or envelope.
  • the cables with cylindrical or tubular layers of the invention should in particular not be confused with so-called “compact” layer cables, wire assemblies wound at the same pitch and in the same direction of winding.
  • compact layer cables wire assemblies wound at the same pitch and in the same direction of winding.
  • the compactness is such that virtually no separate layer of wires is visible;
  • the cross-section of such cables has a contour that is no longer circular, but polygonal.
  • a cable with tubular or cylindrical layers also called non-compact cable, is a cable in which at least two layers of son have a pitch or a direction of winding different from each other.
  • the wires of the inner layer are wound helically. In another embodiment, the wires of the inner layer are rectilinear, that is to say, has an infinite pitch.
  • Wire rope means by definition a cable formed of son consist predominantly (that is to say, for more than 50% of these son) or integrally (for 100% son) of a metal material.
  • the invention is preferably implemented using a steel cable, more preferably a carbon pearlitic (or ferritoclastic) steel, hereinafter referred to as "carbon steel", or else stainless steel (by definition, steel comprising at least one minus 11% chromium and at least 50% iron). But it is of course possible to use other steels or other alloys.
  • the wires are preferably made of steel, more preferably of carbon steel.
  • carbon steel When carbon steel is used, its carbon content (% by weight of steel) is preferably between 0.4% and 1.2%, especially between 0.5% and 1.1%. ; these levels represent a good compromise between the mechanical properties required for the tire and the feasibility of the wires. It should be noted that a carbon between 0.5% and 0.6% makes such steels ultimately less expensive because easier to draw.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention may also consist, depending on the applications concerned, of using steels with a low carbon content, for example between 0.2% and 0.5%, in particular because of a cost lower and easier to draw.
  • the metal or steel used may itself be coated with a metal layer improving, for example, the setting properties.
  • a metal layer improving, for example, the setting properties.
  • the steel used is covered with a layer of brass (Zn-Cu alloy) or zinc. It is recalled that during the manufacturing process of the son, the coating of brass or zinc facilitates the drawing of the wire, as well as the bonding of the wire with the eraser. But the son could be covered with a thin metal layer other than brass or zinc, having for example the function of improving the corrosion resistance of these son and / or their adhesion to the gum, for example a thin layer Co, Ni, Al, an alloy of two or more of Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, Co, Sn.
  • the interfering distance D2 of the wires of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 30 ⁇ , preferably 40 ⁇ and more preferably 50 ⁇ .
  • the inter-wire distance D3 of the wires of the outer layer is greater than or equal to 30 ⁇ , preferably 40 ⁇ and more preferably 50 ⁇ .
  • the interfering distance D2 of the wires of the intermediate layer is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ . Thus, it improves the strength and cohesion of the cable and its breaking force.
  • the inter-wire distance D3 of the wires of the outer layer is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ .
  • it also improves the strength and cohesion of the cable and its breaking force.
  • the ratio D2 / D3 satisfies 0.5 ⁇ D2 / D3 ⁇ 1.5, preferably 0.7 ⁇ D2 / D3 ⁇ 1.3, and more preferably 0.8 ⁇ D2 / D3 ⁇ 1, 2 and even more preferably 0.9 ⁇ D 2 / D 3 ⁇ 1.1.
  • the gum passage channels comprise an external opening allowing the rubber to penetrate from the outside of the cable towards the inside of the cable and an internal opening allowing the rubber to open into the heart of the cable, for example to contact of the inner layer.
  • the outer and inner openings preferably have relatively close dimensions.
  • the penetration of the rubber is optimized by avoiding that one of the external and internal openings of each passage channel limits the flow of gum.
  • the diameters d1 and d2 of the wires respectively of the inner and intermediate layers satisfy d1 / d2 ⁇ 1, preferably d1 / d2> 1.
  • d1 / d2> 1, the desaturation of the intermediate and external layers is increased, which favors the penetrability of the cable by the rubber.
  • d1 d2
  • each diameter d1, d2, d3 of each wire respectively of each inner, intermediate and outer layer verifies d1> d2 and / or d1> d3 which makes it possible to easily allow the passage of the eraser between the wires of the intermediate and outer layers.
  • each diameter d2, d3 of each wire of each intermediate and outer layer respectively d2 d3 which makes it possible to have a simple design of the cable and therefore a manufacturing process easy to implement.
  • the interfering distances D2 and D3 and therefore the penetrability of the cable is amplified for cables using preferably the son for which, independently of each other, each diameter d1, d2, d3 of each wire respectively of each inner layer, intermediate and external means 0.15 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.5 mm, preferably 0.22 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.25 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.5 mm and even more preferentially 0.30 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.4 mm.
  • These diameters allow to obtain an optimized compromise of resistance and compressive endurance when the cable is used in particular in a crown reinforcement.
  • wires such as 0.15 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.30 mm and more preferably such as 0.15 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.26 mm.
  • M 2, 3 or 4
  • N 7, 8, 9 or 10
  • P 13, 14, 15 or 16.
  • the cables are preferably the cables of structure 2 + 7 + 14, 2 + 7 + 15, 2 + 8 + 14, 2 + 8 + 15, 2 + 9 + 14, 2 + 9 + 15, 2 + 10 + 14, 2 + 10 + 15, 3 + 7 + 14, 3 + 7 + 15, 3 + 8 + 14, 3 + 8 + 15, 3 + 9 + 14, 3 + 9 + 15, 3 + 10 +14, 3 + 10 + 15, 4 + 7 + 14, 4 + 7 + 15, 4 + 8 + 14, 4 + 8 + 15, 4 + 9 + 14, 4 + 9 + 15, 4 + 10 + 14 , 4 + 10 + 15.
  • P 13.
  • P 16.
  • d3 ⁇ d2.
  • the cable preferably has a structure 2 + 7 + 14, 2 + 8 + 14 and 2 + 9 + 14 and more preferably a structure 2 + 9 + 14.
  • the diameter d1, d2, d3 of the son is preferably between 0.3 and 0.5 mm inclusive.
  • the cable preferably has a structure 3 + 8 + 14, 3 + 9 + 14,
  • the cable preferably has a structure 4 + 7 + 14, 4 + 7 + 15,
  • the diameters d1 and d2 of the wires respectively of the inner and intermediate layers satisfy 1, 05 ⁇ d1 / d2 ⁇ 1, 3, preferably 1, 10 ⁇ d1 / d2 ⁇ 1, 3 mm and more preferably 1 , ⁇ D1 / d2 ⁇ 1, 3 mm.
  • the d1 / d2 ratio should not be too small, as this will reduce the inter-wire distances D2 and D3 and therefore the penetrability of the cable.
  • the ratio d1 / d2 should not be too big under it is difficult to unduly saturate the cable and thus to hinder the good distribution of the wires.
  • the ratio d1 / d2 makes it possible to obtain inter-wire distances D2, D3 that are not very dispersed, that is to say a homogeneous desaturation over the entire circumference of the cable.
  • inner layer wires of too large diameter would cause an increase in the rigidity of the cable which would impair its ability to flex under tension.
  • the pitch represents the length, measured parallel to the axis of the cable, at the end of which a wire having this pitch performs a complete revolution about said axis of the cable.
  • the wires of the inner layer are wound at a pitch p1 which satisfies ⁇ p1 ⁇ 1 1 mm, preferably 7 ⁇ p1 ⁇ 9 mm.
  • the wires of the intermediate layer are wound at a pitch p2 which satisfies 8 ⁇ p2 ⁇ 20 mm, preferably 12 ⁇ p2 ⁇ 18 mm.
  • the strands of the outer layer are wound at pitch p3 which satisfies 12 ⁇ p3 ⁇ 30 mm, preferably 20 ⁇ p3 ⁇ 28 mm.
  • the winding p1 and p2 threads of the inner and intermediate layers respectively 0.4 ⁇ p1 / p2 ⁇ 0.8 and preferably 0.5 ⁇ p1 / p2 ⁇ 0.7.
  • Such a ratio of steps p1 / p2 makes it possible to increase the number of gum passage channels between the inner and intermediate layer yarns while ensuring that each inner and intermediate layer has a contribution substantially equivalent to the breaking force of the cable. Indeed, not too close, that is to say for a p1 / p2 ratio greater than 0.8, lead to a compact cable having no gum passage channel.
  • the p2 and p3 winding strands of the intermediate and outer layers respectively verify 0.5 ⁇ p2 / p3 ⁇ 0.9 and preferably 0.6 ⁇ p2 / p3 ⁇ 0.8.
  • such a ratio of p2 / p3 steps makes it possible to increase the number of gum passage channels between the intermediate and outer layer yarns while ensuring that each intermediate layer and The external device has a contribution substantially equivalent to the breaking force of the cable.
  • the cable comprises a hooping layer comprising a hoop wire wrapped around the outer layer.
  • Such a hooping layer consists for example of a single wire, metallic or not. It is advantageous to choose a stainless steel hoop wire in order to reduce fretting wear of the wires of the outer layer in contact with the stainless steel hoop, the stainless steel wire possibly being replaced, in an equivalent manner, by a composite wire of which only the skin is made of stainless steel and the carbon steel core.
  • the hoop wire is wound in pitch pf which verifies pf ⁇ 10 mm, preferably pf ⁇ 8 mm and more preferably pf ⁇ 6 mm.
  • the winding direction of the wire of the hooping layer is different from the winding direction of the son of the outer layer.
  • the winding directions of the inner, intermediate and outer layer wires are all identical. Winding in the same direction of the layers advantageously makes it possible to reduce the contact pressures between the wires of the different layers and thus to obtain a cable with a high breaking strength.
  • all the layer son are wound either in the direction S (arrangement denoted "S / S / S"), or in the direction Z (arrangement denoted "Z / Z / Z").
  • the winding direction of the outer layer son is different from that of the intermediate layer son. In the case where it is desired to promote the penetration of the rubber, it crosses the winding directions of the intermediate and outer layers which has the effect of increasing the number of passage channels. As explained above, the high penetrability of the cable of this embodiment makes it possible to effectively recover the forces due to its excellent adhesion to the adjacent rubber, which largely offsets a lower breaking force than in the previous embodiment.
  • the cable has an S / S / Z, Z / ZS, S / Z / S or Z / S / Z layout.
  • the winding direction of the inner layer son is different from that of the intermediate layer son.
  • the cable has an S / Z / S, Z / S / Z, S / Z / Z or Z / S / S layout.
  • the inner layer is compact.
  • compact is meant that each wire of the inner layer is in contact with the inner layer of son adjacent thereto.
  • the inner layer is non-compact.
  • non-compact means that each wire of the inner layer is remote from the inner layer of wires that are adjacent thereto.
  • each wire of the inner layer is not in contact with the son of the inner layer which are adjacent thereto. It facilitates the penetration of the rubber between the inner layer son, especially in the central capillary delimited by the son of the inner layer.
  • the wires of the inner layer are non-preformed.
  • the cable manufacturing process is simplified without altering the properties of the cable and its performance in the tire.
  • the cable preferably comprises a core wire between the wires of the inner layer.
  • the diameter d0 of the core wire is between 0.05 mm and 0.12 mm inclusive.
  • the invention also relates to a multistrand cable comprising, as elementary strand, at least one metal cable with cylindrical layers as described above.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a cable as defined above as reinforcing element of a rubber matrix.
  • Another object of the invention is a tire comprising at least one metal cable with cylindrical layers as defined above or a multistrand cable as defined above.
  • the tire is intended for industrial vehicles chosen from light trucks, heavy vehicles such as "heavy goods vehicles” - ie, metro, buses, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-road vehicles. -route -, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, aircraft, other transport vehicles or handling. More preferably, the tire is intended for a vehicle of the civil engineering type or road transport equipment. Even more preferentially, the tire is intended for a vehicle of the civil engineering type.
  • the tire comprising a carcass reinforcement anchored in two beads and radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement itself surmounted by a tread which is joined to said beads by two sidewalls, said armature of vertex has at least one cable as defined above.
  • the cable according to the invention is intended to be used as reinforcing element of a protective layer.
  • the cable according to the invention is intended to be used as reinforcing element of a working ply.
  • the protective layer is more enduring and more resistant to corrosion because of the high penetrability of the cables that compose it.
  • the cable according to the invention makes it possible to confer on the tire a high endurance, in particular, the phenomenon of separation / cracking of the ends of the crossed plies in the shoulder area of the tire, known as "cleavage".
  • the tire having a carcass reinforcement anchored in two beads said carcass reinforcement comprises at least one cable as defined above.
  • Another object of the invention is a track comprising at least one cylindrical wire rope as defined above or a multistrand cable as defined above.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view perpendicular to the circumferential direction of a tire according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed rectilinear and at rest) of a cable according to a first embodiment of the invention; - Figures 3 and 4 are views similar to that of Figure 2 of a cable respectively according to second and third embodiments.
  • the tire 10 has a vertex 12 reinforced by a crown reinforcement 14, two sidewalls 16 and two beads 18, each of these beads 18 being reinforced with a rod 20.
  • the top 12 is surmounted by a tread represented in this schematic figure.
  • a carcass reinforcement 22 is wound around the two rods 20 in each bead 18 and comprises a turn-up 24 disposed for example towards the outside of the tire 10 which is represented here mounted on a rim 26.
  • the carcass reinforcement 22 is known per se consists of at least one sheet reinforced by so-called radial cables, that is to say that these cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from one bead to the other so as to forming an angle of between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is situated midway between the two beads 18 and passes through the middle of the crown reinforcement 14) .
  • the tire 10 is preferably intended for industrial vehicles chosen from vans, heavy vehicles such as "heavy goods vehicles” - ie, metro, buses, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-the-road vehicles. road -, agricultural or civil engineering machinery, aircraft, other transport or handling vehicles.
  • the tire is intended for a vehicle of the civil engineering type.
  • the crown reinforcement 14 comprises at least one crown ply whose reinforcement cables are metal cables in accordance with the invention.
  • the cables of the invention may, for example, reinforce all or part of the working crown plies, or plies (or half plies) triangulation crown. and / or protective crown plies, when such crown triangulation or protection plies are used.
  • the crown reinforcement 14 of the tire of the invention may of course comprise other crown plies, for example one or more crown plies.
  • the tire 10 further comprises, in a known manner, a layer of rubber or inner elastomer (commonly called “inner liner”) which defines the radially inner face of the tire and which is intended to protect the carcass reinforcement of the diffusion of air from the interior space to pneumatic.
  • inner liner commonly called "inner liner”
  • it may further comprise an intermediate reinforcing elastomer layer which is located between the carcass reinforcement and the inner layer, intended to reinforce the inner layer and, therefore, the carcass reinforcement, also intended to partially relocate the forces suffered by the carcass reinforcement.
  • the density of the cables in accordance with the invention is preferably between 15 and 80 cables per dm (decimetre) of the included terminal ply, more preferably between 25 and 65 cables per dm of ply. included terminals, the distance between two adjacent cables, axis to axis, preferably being between about 1, 2 and 6.5 mm inclusive, more preferably between about 2 and 4 mm included terminals.
  • the cables according to the invention are preferably arranged in such a way that the width (denoted L) of the rubber bridge, between two adjacent cables, is between 0.1 and 3.0 mm inclusive.
  • This width L represents, in known manner, the difference between the calendering pitch (no laying of the cable in the rubber fabric) and the diameter of the cable.
  • the rubber bridge which is too narrow, risks being mechanically degraded during the working of the sheet, in particular during the deformations undergone in its own plane by extension or shearing. Beyond the maximum indicated, there is a risk of occurrence of penetration of objects, by perforation, between the cables. More preferably, for these same reasons, the width L is chosen between 0.4 and 1, 6 mm inclusive.
  • the composition used for the fabric of the crown ply has, in the vulcanized state (ie, after curing), an E10 extension secant modulus which is between 5 and 25 MPa inclusive, more preferably between 5 and 20 MPa limits included, especially in a range of 7 to 15 MPa limits included, when the fabric is intended to form a sheet of the top, for example a working sheet. It is in such areas of modules that we have recorded the best compromise of endurance between the cables of the invention on the one hand, and the reinforced fabrics of these cables on the other hand.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show examples of first, second and third embodiments of a cable according to the invention and designated by the general reference 30.
  • the cable 30 is metallic and is of the type layered cylindrical.
  • the cable 30 is of the non-compact type, that is to say that each of the son layers constituting it has a pitch and / or a winding direction different from that of at least one other layer.
  • the cable 30 is of the three-layer type, regardless of the presence or absence of a shrink layer.
  • the layers of wires are adjacent and concentric.
  • the cable 30 is devoid of rubber when it is not integrated with the tire.
  • M is 2, 3 or 4 respectively in the first, second and third embodiments.
  • the inner layer C1 is compact, that is to say that each wire of the inner layer C1 is in contact with the inner layer of wires C1 which are adjacent thereto. The wires of the inner layer C1 are non-preformed.
  • the cable 30 comprises a shrink layer Cf comprising, here consisting of a hoop wire wound helically around the outer layer C3 pitch pf.
  • the pitch pf is less than or equal to 10 mm, preferably 8 mm and more preferably 6 mm.
  • mp 4 mm.
  • the cable 30 comprises a central capillary C0 delimited by the M son of the inner layer C1.
  • Each layer C1, C2, C3, Cf has a substantially tubular envelope giving to the corresponding layer C1, C2, C3, Cf respectively its contour E1, E2, E3, cylindrical Ef of respective radius R1, R2, R3 corresponding to actual radius measured on the cable.
  • the ratio p1 / p2 is between 0.4 and 0.8 included terminals and preferably between 0.5 and 0.7 included terminals.
  • p1 / p2 0.67.
  • the ratio p2 / p3 is between 0.5 and 0.9 inclusive and preferably between 0.6 and 0.8 included terminals.
  • p2 / p3 0.75.
  • the winding directions of the son of the layers are all identical, that is to say either in the S direction ("S / S / S" arrangement) or in the Z direction (disposition "Z / Z / Z").
  • the winding direction of the wire of the shrinking layer Cf is different from the winding direction of the wire of the outer layer C3.
  • Each wire of the layers C1, C2, C3 has respectively a diameter d1, d2, d3 of between 0.15 and 0.50 mm inclusive, preferably between 0.22 and 0.50 mm included, more preferably between 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm and even more preferably between 0.3 and 0.4 mm inclusive.
  • the ratio d1 / d2 is greater than or equal to 1.
  • d1 / d2 is between 1.05 and 1.3 inclusive, preferably between 1.10 and 1.3 included and more preferably between 1, 15 and 1, 3 inclusive.
  • d1 / d2 1, 17.
  • Two adjacent wires of the same layer C2, C3 are separated, on average on each layer C2, C3, by an inter-wire distance D2, D3 defined as the smallest distance separating these two adjacent wires.
  • D2 is greater than or equal to 25 ⁇ .
  • D2 is greater than or equal to 30 ⁇ , preferably 40 ⁇ and more preferably 50 ⁇ .
  • D3 is greater than or equal to 25 ⁇ .
  • D3 is greater than or equal to 30 ⁇ , preferably 40 ⁇ and more preferably 50 ⁇ .
  • each inter-son distance D2, D3 is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ .
  • the value Ri is the average of 10 measurements made on different parts of the cable.
  • the ratio D2 / D3 is between 0.5 and 1.5 inclusive, preferably between 0.7 and 1.3 inclusive, and more preferably between 0.8 and 1 inclusive, and even more preferably between 0.9 and 1, 1 limits included.
  • the son of the layers C1, C2, C3 and Cf are preferably made of carbon steel coated with brass.
  • the carbon steel wires are prepared in a known manner, for example starting from machine wires (diameter 5 to 6 mm) which are first cold-rolled, by rolling and / or drawing, to a neighboring intermediate diameter. of 1 mm.
  • the steel used for the cable 10 is a steel whose carbon content is about 0.92% and having about 0.2% chromium, the remainder being made of iron and the usual unavoidable impurities related to the manufacturing process of steel. Alternatively, a steel with a carbon content of 0.7% is used.
  • the intermediate diameter son undergo a degreasing treatment and / or pickling, before further processing. After deposition of a brass coating on these intermediate son, is carried on each wire a so-called "final" work hardening (ie, after the last patenting heat treatment), by cold drawing in a moist medium with a drawing lubricant which is for example in the form of an emulsion or an aqueous dispersion.
  • the brass coating that surrounds the son has a very small thickness, significantly less than a micrometer, for example of the order of 0.15 to 0.30 ⁇ , which is negligible compared to the diameter of the steel son.
  • the composition of the wire steel in its various elements eg C, Cr, Mn
  • the son or strands do not undergo torsion around their own axis, due to a synchronous rotation before and after the point of assembly;
  • the son or strands undergo both a collective twist and an individual twist around their own axis, which generates a torque of untwisting each of the son or strands.
  • first assembly step by twisting the M son of the inner layer C1 is formed at a first point called “first assembly point” the first layer C1.
  • the son are delivered by supply means such as coils, a distribution grid, coupled or not to an assembly grain, for converging the M son to the first assembly point.
  • second assembly step by twisting the N son of the intermediate layer C2 around the inner layer C1 a second point called “second assembly point” is formed by an intermediate cable C1 + C2 of structure M + N.
  • the N son of the intermediate layer C2 are delivered by feeding means for converging, around the inner layer C1, the N son to the second assembly point.
  • the third step uses a wiring assembly of the P wires of the outer layer C3 around the intermediate layer C3.
  • N son of the inner and intermediate layers C1, C2, the P son of the outer layer C3 are delivered by feeding means for converging, around the intermediate layer C2, the P son to the third assembly point.
  • the twists are balanced in the cable 30.
  • the cable 30 is passed through torsion balancing means to obtain a cable said to be balanced in torsion (c). i.e., practically without residual torsion);
  • Torsional balancing here means, in a known manner, the cancellation of the residual torsional torques (or of the detorsional springback) exerted on each wire of the cable in the twisted state, in its respective layer.
  • the torsion balancing means are known to those skilled in the art of twisting.
  • These means comprise rotating balancing means, for example twisters, twister-trainers, or non-rotating, for example trainers, consisting of either pulleys for twisters, or small diameter rollers for trainers, pulleys or rollers through which the cable runs, in a single plane for rotating means or in at least two different planes for non-rotating means.
  • rotating balancing means for example twisters, twister-trainers, or non-rotating, for example trainers, consisting of either pulleys for twisters, or small diameter rollers for trainers, pulleys or rollers through which the cable runs, in a single plane for rotating means or in at least two different planes for non-rotating means.
  • the first, second and third steps can be performed by wiring.
  • the previously described cable 30 can be obtained by the method described above.
  • the cable 30 is incorporated by calendering with a known composition based on natural rubber and carbon black as reinforcing filler, conventionally used for the manufacture of the working plies in the crown reinforcement of radial tires.
  • This composition essentially comprises, in addition to the elastomer and the reinforcing filler (carbon black), an antioxidant, stearic acid, an extension oil, cobalt naphthenate as adhesion promoter, finally a vulcanization system (sulfur, accelerator, ZnO).
  • Composite fabrics comprising one or more cables 30 embedded in a rubber matrix are thus formed.
  • the rubber matrix is formed of two thin layers of rubber which are superposed on either side of the cables and which have a thickness of between 0.3 mm and 1.4 mm respectively.
  • the calender pitch (no laying of the cables in the rubber matrix) is between 2 mm and 4 mm inclusive.
  • the cables according to the invention of Examples 1 ', 3' differ from the cables of Examples 1, 3 according to the invention (see Tables 2 and 12) solely by the winding direction of the intermediate and outer layers. Since the winding directions have no influence on the values of D2 and D3, Examples 1 'and 3' can also be compared with the previous examples.
  • Fr maximum load in N
  • Table 15 shows the results obtained from breaking strength. Fr.
  • the force at Fr fracture is indicated in relative unit (UR) with respect to the cable breaking force of the state of the art.
  • UR relative unit
  • the cables according to the invention have a higher breaking force than the cable of the state of the art and therefore improves the endurance of the tire.
  • Examples 3 and 3 ' show that, when the winding direction of the outer layer son is different from that of the intermediate layer son, the breaking force Fr is smaller than when the winding directions of the inner, middle and outer layer wires are all identical. ⁇ 0126 ⁇ Air permeability test
  • This test makes it possible to determine the longitudinal permeability to the air of the cables tested, by measuring the volume of air passing through a specimen under constant pressure for a given time.
  • the principle of such a test is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment of a cable to make it impermeable to air; it has been described for example in ASTM D2692-98.
  • the test is performed here on specimens comprising raw manufacturing cables previously coated from the outside by a so-called coating gum.
  • a series of 10 cables arranged in parallel is placed between two layers or "skims" (two rectangles of 80 x 200 mm) of a diene rubber composition in the green state, each skim having a thickness of 3.5 mm; the whole is then locked in a mold, each of the cables being kept under a sufficient tension (for example 2 daN) to ensure its straightness during the establishment in the mold, using clamping modules; then the vulcanization (baking) is carried out at a temperature of 130 ° C for a period of between 100 min and 10 hours and under a pressure of 15 bar (rectangular piston 80 x 200 mm). After which, the assembly is demolded and 10 specimens of cables thus coated are cut, under shape of parallelepipeds with dimensions 7x7x20 mm, for characterization.
  • the test is performed on 4 cm of cable length, thus coated by its surrounding rubber composition (or coating gum) in the cooked state, in the following manner: air is sent to the cable inlet, under a pressure of 1 bar, and the volume of air at the outlet is measured using a flow meter (calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm3 / min).
  • a flow meter calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm3 / min.
  • the cable sample is locked in a compressed seal (eg a dense foam or rubber seal) in such a way that only the amount of air passing through the cable from one end to the other, along its longitudinal axis, is taken into account by the measure; the tightness of the seal itself is checked beforehand with the aid of a solid rubber specimen, that is to say without cable.
  • a compressed seal eg a dense foam or rubber seal
  • the average air flow measured Dm (average of 10 specimens) is even lower than the longitudinal imperviousness of the cable is high.
  • the measurement is made with an accuracy of ⁇ 0.2 cm3 / min.
  • the cables are subjected to the air permeability test described above, by measuring the volume of air (in cm 3 ) passing through the cables in 1 minute (average of 10 measurements). The results are summarized in Table 16 below.
  • the flow Dm is indicated in relative unit (UR) with respect to the cable flow of the state of the art. When Dm is greater than 1 UR, the rate of the tested cable is higher than that of the cable of the state of the art. Conversely, when Dm is less than 1 UR, the rate of the tested cable is lower than that of the cable of the state of the art.
  • the stranded cable of the state of the art also comprises internal capillaries present between the son of the core strand. These communicate easily with the external capillaries which favors the passage of air, and therefore corrosive agents, between the different capillaries.
  • the cables according to the invention Due to their high desaturation, the cables according to the invention have little or no capillary between the layers C1 and C2 and no capillary between the layers C2 and C3 so that the air flow is relatively low. which makes it possible to improve the non-propagation of the corrosive agents with respect to the cable of the state of the art.
  • the air flow is even higher than the central capillary C0 has a large section.
  • the flow is even higher than the inner layer has son.
  • this central capillary C0 has the advantage of being isolated from the rest of the cable and confines the air, and therefore the corrosive agents, between the wires of the inner layer.
  • test is performed in accordance with ASTM D2229. Test specimens similar to those made for the air permeability test are produced. One end of the test piece is immersed in a salt water bath for a predetermined period, in this case 21 days. Then, it measures the adhesion force Fa necessary to tear the cable coating rubber. The more the adhesion interface has been altered by the corrosive agent, here salt water, the lower the measured force. The results are summarized in Table 17.
  • the initial forces of the tested cables are given in relative unit (UR) with respect to the initial force Fa of the cable of the state of the art.
  • UR relative unit
  • Fa tested cable is greater than 1 UR
  • Fa of the tested cable is greater than the initial force Fa of the cable of the state of the art.
  • the forces Fa at 21 days of the tested cables are indicated in relative unit (U.R) with respect to the initial force Fa of the tested cable.
  • U.R relative unit
  • the cables according to the invention have a bonding force Fa much greater than that of the cable of the state of the art.
  • the cables according to the invention are protected against the direct action of the corrosive agents and have a compressive strength and increased endurance through the containment of corrosive agents in the central capillary, when it exists.
  • the weight of the tire is significantly reduced, in particular in the mass of the ply, which reduces the hysteresis of the tire, therefore its rolling resistance and therefore the fuel consumption.
  • the industrial costs of the cable and the ground are reduced.
  • each wire should be interpreted as the diameter of the circle in which the wire section is inscribed.
  • the son of the inner layer are rectilinear, that is to say, has an infinite pitch.
  • linear son that is to say right, and conventional circular cross section.
  • the inner layer is non-compact.
  • d2 d1 and d3 ⁇ d2.
  • the cable according to the invention may be used in a tire for road transport equipment, for example in the crown reinforcement, in particular in a working crown ply.
  • the cable according to the invention may reinforce a carcass reinforcement.
  • cables with wires such as 0.15 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.30 mm and more preferably such as 0.15 mm ⁇ d1, d2, d3 ⁇ 0.26 mm.
  • the cable according to the invention may reinforce rubber matrices other than those intended for the manufacture of a tire, for example a rubber matrix for the manufacture of a caterpillar.
  • a track comprising the cable according to the invention.
  • a cylindrical wire rope comprising:
  • a cylindrical wire rope comprising:
  • multi-strand cable comprising, as elementary strand, at least one layered metal cable as described above.

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  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
EP13803069.7A 2012-12-14 2013-12-13 Stahlseil mit schichten mit hoher durchlässigkeit Withdrawn EP2931966A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1262088A FR2999614B1 (fr) 2012-12-14 2012-12-14 Cable metallique a couches a haute penetrabilite
PCT/EP2013/076561 WO2014090996A2 (fr) 2012-12-14 2013-12-13 Câble métallique à couches à haute pénétrabilité

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EP2931966A2 true EP2931966A2 (de) 2015-10-21

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US (1) US20150329995A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2931966A2 (de)
JP (1) JP2016504502A (de)
KR (1) KR20150094727A (de)
CN (1) CN104854274B (de)
FR (1) FR2999614B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014090996A2 (de)

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FR3060616A1 (fr) 2016-12-20 2018-06-22 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Cable multi-torons a deux couches a penetrabilite amelioree
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Publication number Publication date
KR20150094727A (ko) 2015-08-19
FR2999614A1 (fr) 2014-06-20
WO2014090996A3 (fr) 2014-08-07
JP2016504502A (ja) 2016-02-12
CN104854274A (zh) 2015-08-19
US20150329995A1 (en) 2015-11-19
FR2999614B1 (fr) 2015-08-21
WO2014090996A2 (fr) 2014-06-19
CN104854274B (zh) 2017-10-10

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