EP2906459B1 - Steering yoke assembly - Google Patents

Steering yoke assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2906459B1
EP2906459B1 EP13841356.2A EP13841356A EP2906459B1 EP 2906459 B1 EP2906459 B1 EP 2906459B1 EP 13841356 A EP13841356 A EP 13841356A EP 2906459 B1 EP2906459 B1 EP 2906459B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing pad
steering yoke
bearing
concave surface
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13841356.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2906459A4 (en
EP2906459A1 (en
Inventor
Nicholas Witting
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Performance Plastics Corp
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Performance Plastics Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Performance Plastics Corp filed Critical Saint Gobain Performance Plastics Corp
Priority to PL13841356T priority Critical patent/PL2906459T3/pl
Priority to SI201331128T priority patent/SI2906459T1/sl
Publication of EP2906459A1 publication Critical patent/EP2906459A1/en
Publication of EP2906459A4 publication Critical patent/EP2906459A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2906459B1 publication Critical patent/EP2906459B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/04—Steering gears mechanical of worm type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/12—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
    • B62D3/123—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type characterised by pressure yokes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/12—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/26—Racks
    • F16H55/28—Special devices for taking up backlash
    • F16H55/283—Special devices for taking up backlash using pressure yokes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18568—Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is directed to bearing and bearing assemblies, particularly the present disclosure is directed to a steering yoke assembly.
  • a steering wheel can be mechanically coupled to a pinion gear via steering shaft.
  • the pinion gear can include gear teeth that are mated with teeth on a rack shaft. As the pinion gear rotates, the rotational motion can be translated into linear motion at the rack shaft.
  • the rack shaft can be connected to a tie rod at each wheel assembly. As the rack shaft moves linearly, the tie rods can rotate in order to rotate the wheel assemblies and turn the vehicle.
  • a steering yoke assembly can be used to provide a biasing force that forces the shaft into the pinion gear.
  • the yoke may also be referred to as a “yoke assembly,” “yoke slipper,” or “puck.”
  • the rack shaft typically steel
  • the rack shaft slides along the yoke when the pinion gear is rotated.
  • Proper fit between the steering yoke and the rack shaft is essential to any rack and pinion steering system.
  • EP 1 743 826 A1 describes a gear with a gear rod slidably received in a housing with a pressure piece controlled in a guide, the guide or piece having an elastic unit to press a wall region of the piece against a wall of the guide, and shows the following features of claim 1: a steering yoke bearing assembly, comprising a body, comprising: a first end having a flat surface; a second end opposite the first end, the second end having a surface having a first lateral side and a second lateral side opposite the first lateral side and first and second bearing pads.
  • a steering yoke assembly can include a yoke body comprising a first material and a pair of bearing pads affixed to an arcuate, or curved, surface, such as a concave surface, that is configured to fit at least partially around an outer wall of a generally cylindrical shaft.
  • the bearing pads can be made from another material such as a low friction material and can extend from the arcuate surface of the yoke assembly in order provide limited contact between the steering yoke assembly and the rack shaft.
  • the arcuate surface can be formed with a pair of bearing pad pockets and each bearing pad pocket can be configured to receive a bearing pad.
  • a bearing pad can be press-fitted, glued, or otherwise installed and affixed, within each bearing pad pocket.
  • the body of the steering yoke assembly can be molded around the bearing pads in order to form an interlocking arrangement between the body of the steering yoke assembly and the bearing pads.
  • the body of the steering yoke assembly can be made from metal, polymer, or a combination thereof.
  • the metal can be a single metal such as aluminum or a metal alloy such as steel, aluminum alloy, brass, etc.
  • the polymer can be a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the thermoplastic polymer can be a polyamide thermoplastic, such as polycaprolactam (aka, polyamide 6 or PA6).
  • the thermoplastic polymer can be polyoxymethylene (POM).
  • the thermoplastic polymer can be a polyethylene thermoplastic such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • the bearing pads can be made from a low friction polymer.
  • the low friction polymer can include a thermoset polymer or a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the thermoset polymer can include a thermoset polyimide.
  • the thermoset polyimide can include an unfilled thermoset polyimide or a filled thermoset polyimide.
  • the filled thermoset polyimide can include a 15% (by weight) graphite filled thermoset polyimide, a 15% (by weight) graphite/10% (by weight) PTFE filled thermoset polyimide, a 40% (by weight), graphite filled thermoset polyimide, a 15% (by weight) molybdenum disulfide filled thermoset polyimide, or a combination thereof.
  • the thermoplastic polymer can include a thermoplastic polyimide. Further, the polymer can include a porous polyimide or a nonporous polyimide. The porous polyimide can be impregnated with one or more lubricants such as an oil or other lubricant
  • a rack and pinion steering system is illustrated and is generally designated 100.
  • the rack and pinion steering system can include a housing 102.
  • a rack shaft 104 can extend through the housing 102 and the rack shaft 104 can be connected to a first tie rod 106 and a second tie rod 108.
  • a shaft 110 that includes a helical pinion gear 112 can extend into the housing 102 generally perpendicular to the rack shaft 104.
  • a steering yoke assembly 114 can be installed within the housing 102 in order to provide a biasing force for maintaining the rack shaft 104 in engagement with the pinion gear 112.
  • the helical pinion gear 110 can be mated with the rack shaft 112.
  • the steering yoke assembly 114 can at wrap at least partially around the outer sidewall of the rack shaft 112 and the steering yoke assembly 114 can be biased toward the outer sidewall of the rack shaft 112 by a spring 116 until the bearing pads of the steering yoke assembly 114 are in contact with the outer sidewall of the rack shaft 112.
  • the spring 116 can be compressed against the steering yoke assembly 114 by a threaded cap 118 that is threadably engaged with a partially threaded bore 120 formed in the housing 102.
  • FIG. 2 further indicates that an O-ring 122 can be seated in a groove that is formed in a sidewall of the steering yoke assembly 114 and circumscribes the steering yoke assembly 114.
  • the O-ring can be seated in a groove (not shown) formed in the wall of the partially threaded bore 120 in a location that circumscribes the steering yoke assembly 114.
  • the shaft 110 rotates causing the pinion gear 112 to rotate therewith.
  • the rack shaft 104 can slide either in or out of the page as illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the rack shaft 104 can slide against the stationary steering yoke assembly 114 which maintains a biasing force that keeps the pinion gear 112 and the rack shaft 104 meshed together.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 illustrate a steering yoke assembly 300 that can be used in conjunction with the rack and pinion steering system 100, described above.
  • the steering yoke assembly 300 can include a generally cylindrical body 302 having a first end 304 and a second end 306.
  • the first end 304 of the body 302 can include a generally flat surface 308.
  • the second end 306 of the body 302 can include an arcuate surface.
  • the arcuate surface can be a concave surface 310.
  • the concave surface 310 can include a radius of curvature, R CS .
  • the body 302 can include an O-ring groove 312 formed in an outer sidewall 314 of the body 302.
  • the O-ring groove 312 can be continuous and can fully circumscribe the body 302 at a substantially uniform depth into the body 302 and a substantially uniform height around the body 302.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 further indicate that the body 302 can include an outer diameter, OD B .
  • the concave surface 310 can have a first lateral side 320 and a second lateral side 322 opposite the first lateral side 320.
  • the lateral sides 320, 322 can be substantially identical and can be mirror opposites of each other about a central axis 324.
  • a first bearing pad 330 can extend from first lateral side 320 of the concave surface 310 of the body 302.
  • a second bearing pad 332 can extend from the second lateral side 322 of the concave surface 310 of the body 302.
  • Each bearing pad can include a length, L BP , and a width, W BP .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 60% OD B , such as ⁇ 65% OD B , ⁇ 70% OD B , ⁇ 75% OD B , or ⁇ 80% OD B . Further, L BP ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 90% OD B . It can be appreciated that L BP can be within a range between and including any of the % OD B values described herein.
  • L BP can be ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B . Further, L BP can be ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 25% OD B , such as ⁇ 20% OD B , or ⁇ 15%. Moreover, W BP can be ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 10%, or ⁇ 12.5%. It can be appreciated that W BP can be within a range between and including any of the 25% OD B values described herein.
  • W BP can be ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • each bearing pad 330, 332 can include an overall height, H BP , and H BP can be ⁇ 75% W BP , such as ⁇ 70% W BP , ⁇ 65% W BP , ⁇ 60% W BP , ⁇ 55% W BP , or ⁇ 50% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 25% W BP . It can be appreciated that H BP can be within a range between and including any of the % W BP values described herein.
  • H BP can be ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 05% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • each bearing pad 330, 332 can include a shaft contact surface 340, 342.
  • bearing pad 330, 332 can include a single, continuous shaft contact surface 340, 342.
  • Each shaft contact surface 340, 342 can include a radius of curvature, R SCS , and R SCS can be ⁇ 2xR CS , such as ⁇ 5xR CS , ⁇ 10xR CS , ⁇ 50xR CS , ⁇ 100xR CS , or ⁇ 1000xR CS .
  • R SCS can be ⁇ infinity. It can be appreciated that R SCS can be within a range between and including any of the values for R SCS values described herein.
  • R SCS can be ⁇ 2xR CS and ⁇ infinity, such as ⁇ 5xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 10xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 50xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 100xR CS and ⁇ infinity, or ⁇ 1000xR CS and ⁇ infinity.
  • each shaft contact surface 340, 342 can be considered flat or substantially planar.
  • each shaft contact surface 340, 342 can include a flatness, F.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in, ⁇ .0005 in, ⁇ .00025 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in. It can be appreciated that F can be within a range between and including any of the values of F described herein.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ + .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ + .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • each bearing pad 330, 332 can be surface mounted on the concave surface 320 and the bearing pads 330, 332 can be affixed to the concave surface 320 via a glue, an adhesive, a weld, or some other fastener.
  • affixing the bearing pads 330, 332 can include masking the concave surface 320 to leave an opening in the mask in the shape of the bearing pads 330, 332 and spray coating a material onto the concave surface 320 to form the bearing pads 330, 332. Thereafter, the masking material can be removed to leave the bearing pads 330, 332.
  • the bearing pads 330, 332 can be cured before or after the masking material is removed.
  • each bearing pad 330, 332 can include a body contact surface opposite the shaft contact surface 340, 342. Each body contact surface can be convex and can be curved to match the curvature of the cured surface of the body.
  • a first bearing pad pocket 350 can be formed in the first lateral side 320 of the concave surface 310 and a second bearing pad pocket 352 can be formed in the second lateral side 322 of the concave surface 310 opposite the first bearing pad pocket 350.
  • Each bearing pad 330, 332 can be installed in a respective bearing pad pocket 350, 352 such the shaft contact surface 340, 342 of each bearing pad 330, 332 can be spaced a distance, D s , from the concave surface 310 of the body 302 as measured along a long side of each bearing pad 330, 332.
  • D S can be ⁇ 5% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP , or ⁇ 20% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be within a range between and including any of the % H BP values described herein.
  • D S can be ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • Each bearing pad pocket 350, 352 can extend into the concave surface 310 at a pocket depth, D P , measured at the deepest part of the bearing pad pocket 350, 352.
  • D P can be ⁇ 1% H BP , such as ⁇ 2.5% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP .
  • D P can be ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 12.5% H BP . It can be appreciated that D P can be within a range between and including any of the % H BP values described herein.
  • D P can be ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D P can be ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D P can be ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D P can be ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D P can be ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • each shaft contact surface 340, 342 can be angled with respect to the central axis 324 at an angle, A.
  • A is ⁇ 5°, such as ⁇ 7.5°, or ⁇ 10°.
  • A is ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 45°. It can be appreciated that A can be within a range between and including any of the values for A described herein.
  • A can be ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 45°.
  • A can be ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 45°.
  • A can be ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 45°.
  • the steering yoke assembly 300 can include a third bearing pad (not shown) that can extend from the concave surface 310 of the body 302 along the central axis 324 of the body 302.
  • the third bearing pad can span the first lateral side 320 of the concave surface 310 and the second lateral side 322 of the concave surface 310 so that the third bearing pad is centered on the central axis 324.
  • the third bearing pad and the shaft contact surface of the third bearing pad can be substantially perpendicular to the central axis 324 of the body 302.
  • the steering yoke assembly 500 can include a generally cylindrical body 502 having a first end 504 and a second end 506.
  • the first end 504 of the body 502 can include a generally flat surface 508.
  • the second end 506 of the body 502 can include a concave, surface 510.
  • the concave surface 510 can include a radius of curvature, R CS .
  • the body 502 can include an O-ring groove 512 formed in an outer sidewall 514 of the body 502.
  • the O-ring groove 512 can be continuous and can fully circumscribe the body 502 at a substantially uniform depth into the body 502 and a substantially uniform height around the body 502.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 4 further indicate that the body 502 can include an outer diameter, OD B .
  • the concave surface 510 can have a first lateral side 520 and a second lateral side 522 opposite the first lateral side 520.
  • the lateral sides 520, 522 can be substantially identical and can be mirror opposites of each other about a central axis 524.
  • a first bearing pad 530 can be embedded into the first lateral side 520 of the concave surface 510 of the body 502.
  • a second bearing pad 532 can be embedded into the second lateral side 522 of the concave surface 510 of the body 502.
  • the material comprising the body 502 can be injected molded around the bearing pads 530, 532 to establish an interlocking arrangement between each bearing pad 530, 532 and the body 502.
  • Each bearing pad 530, 532 can be embedded in the concave surface at a depth, D, and D ⁇ 1% H BP , such as ⁇ 2.5% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP .
  • D can be ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 12.5% H BP . It can be appreciated that D can be within a range between and including any of the % H BP values described herein.
  • D can be ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 1% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D can be ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 2.5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D can be ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D can be ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • D can be ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP , such as ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 25% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 20% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 15% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 12.5% H BP .
  • Each bearing pad can include a length, L BP , and a width, W BP .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 60% OD B , such as ⁇ 65% OD B , ⁇ 70% OD B , ⁇ 75% OD B , or ⁇ 80% OD B . Further, L BP ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 90% OD B . It can be appreciated that L BP can be within a range between and including any of the % OD B values described herein.
  • L BP can be ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 60% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 65% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 70% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • L BP can be ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 75% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B . Further, L BP can be ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 100% OD B , such as ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 95% OD B , or ⁇ 80% OD B and ⁇ 90% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 25% OD B , such as ⁇ 20% OD B , or ⁇ 15%. Moreover, W BP can be ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 10%, or ⁇ 12.5%. It can be appreciated that W BP can be within a range between and including any of the 25% OD B values described herein.
  • W BP can be ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 25% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 20% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • W BP can be ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 5% OD B , such as ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 10% OD B , or ⁇ 15% OD B and ⁇ 12.5% OD B .
  • each bearing pad 530, 532 can include an overall height, H BP , and H BP can be ⁇ 75% W BP , such as ⁇ 70% W BP , ⁇ 65% W BP , ⁇ 60% W BP , ⁇ 55% W BP , or ⁇ 50% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 25% W BP . It can be appreciated that H BP can be within a range between and including any of the % W BP values described herein.
  • H BP can be ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 75% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 70% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 05% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 65% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 60% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 55% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • H BP can be ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 10% W BP , such as ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 15% W BP , ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 20% W BP , or ⁇ 50% W BP and ⁇ 25% W BP .
  • each bearing pad 530, 532 can include a shaft contact surface 540, 542.
  • bearing pad 530, 532 can include a single, continuous shaft contact surface 540, 542.
  • Each shaft contact surface 540, 542 can include a radius of curvature, R SCS , and R SCS can be ⁇ 2xR CS , such as ⁇ 5xR CS , ⁇ 10xR CS , ⁇ 50xR CS , ⁇ 100xR CS , or ⁇ 1000xR CS .
  • R SCS can be ⁇ infinity. It can be appreciated that R SCS can be within a range between and including any of the values for R SCS values described herein.
  • R SCS can be ⁇ 2xR CS and ⁇ infinity, such as ⁇ 5xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 10xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 50xR CS and ⁇ infinity, ⁇ 100xR CS and ⁇ infinity, or ⁇ 1000xR CS and ⁇ infinity.
  • each shaft contact surface 540, 542 can be considered flat or substantially planar.
  • each shaft contact surface 540, 542 can include a flatness, F.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in, ⁇ .0005 in, ⁇ .00025 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in. It can be appreciated that F can be within a range between and including any of the values of F described herein.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .00075 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0005 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .00025 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • F can be ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00001 in, such as ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000025 in, ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .00005 in, or ⁇ ⁇ .0001 in and ⁇ ⁇ .000075 in.
  • each bearing pad 530, 532 can be embedded within the body 502 such the shaft contact surface 540, 542 of each bearing pad 530, 532 can be spaced a distance, D S , from the concave surface 510 of the body 502 as measured along a long side of each bearing pad 530, 532.
  • D S can be ⁇ 5% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP , or ⁇ 20% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be within a range between and including any of the % H BP values described herein.
  • D S can be ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 7.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 10% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 12.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 15% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 17.5% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • D S can be ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 50% H BP , such as ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 45% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 40% H BP , ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 35% H BP , or ⁇ 20% H BP and ⁇ 30% H BP .
  • each shaft contact surface 540, 542 can be angled with respect to the central axis 524 at an angle, A.
  • A is ⁇ 5°, such as ⁇ 7.5°, or ⁇ 10°.
  • A is ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 45°. It can be appreciated that A can be within a range between and including any of the values for A described herein.
  • A can be ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 45°.
  • A can be ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 7.5° and ⁇ 45°.
  • A can be ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 60°, such as ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 55°, ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 50°, or ⁇ 10° and ⁇ 45°.
  • each bearing pad 530, 532 can include a base 550 that can include a first shoulder 552 and a second shoulder 554.
  • a shaft support structure 556 can extend from the base 550 between the shoulders 552, 554 of the base 550.
  • Each shaft support structure 556 can include an embedded portion 560 that is embedded within the body 502 and an exposed portion 562 that extends from the concave surface 510 of the body 502 to a distance, D E , from the concave surface 510 measured along a long side, or edge, or the bearing pad 530, 532.
  • Each shaft support structure 556 can include a height, H S , measured from the shoulders 552, 554 of the base 550 to a distal end 564 of the shaft support structure 556.
  • D E can be ⁇ 50% H S , such as ⁇ 45% H S , ⁇ 40% H S , ⁇ 35% H S , ⁇ 30% H S , or ⁇ 25% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 20% H S . It can be appreciated that D E can be within a range of any of the % H S values described herein.
  • D E can be ⁇ 50% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 50% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 50% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 50% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 45% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 45% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 45% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 45% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 40% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 40% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 40% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 40% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 35% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 35% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 35% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 35% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 30% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 30% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 30% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 30% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • D E can be ⁇ 25% H S and ⁇ 5% H S , such as ⁇ 25% H S and ⁇ 10% H S , ⁇ 25% H S and ⁇ 15% H S , or ⁇ 25% H S and ⁇ 20% H S .
  • each bearing pad 530, 532 can include an overall width, W B , and the shaft support structure of each bearing pad comprises an overall width, W S .
  • W S can be ⁇ 90% W B , such as ⁇ 85% W B , ⁇ 80% W B , or ⁇ 75% W B . Further, W S can be ⁇ 50% W B , such as ⁇ 55% W B , ⁇ 60% W B , or ⁇ 65% W B . It can be appreciated that W S can be within a range between and including any of the % W B values described herein.
  • W S can be ⁇ 90% W B and ⁇ 50% W B , such as ⁇ 90% W B and ⁇ 55% W B , ⁇ 90% W B and ⁇ 60% W B , or ⁇ 90% W B and ⁇ 65% W B .
  • W S can be ⁇ 85% W B and ⁇ 50% W B , such as ⁇ 85% W B and ⁇ 55% W B , ⁇ 85% W B and ⁇ 60% W B , or ⁇ 85% W B and ⁇ 65% W B .
  • W S can be ⁇ 80% W B and ⁇ 50% W B , such as ⁇ 80% W B and ⁇ 55% W B , ⁇ 80% W B and ⁇ 60% W B , or ⁇ 80% W B and ⁇ 65% W B .
  • W S can be ⁇ 75% W B and ⁇ 50% W B , such as ⁇ 75% W B and ⁇ 55% W B , ⁇ 75% W B and ⁇ 60% W B , or ⁇ 75% W B and ⁇ 65% W B .
  • the steering yoke assembly 500 can further include a spring pocket 570 (i.e., a bore) formed in, or otherwise extending into, the flat surface 508 of the first end 504 of the body 502.
  • the spring pocket 570 can include a depth, D S
  • the body 502 can include an overall height, H B .
  • D S can be ⁇ 10% H B , such as ⁇ 15% H B , ⁇ 20% H B , or ⁇ 25% H B .
  • D S can be ⁇ 50% H B , such as ⁇ 45% H B , ⁇ 40% H B , ⁇ 35% H B , or ⁇ 30% H B .
  • the spring pocket 570 can include a guide portion 572 at the opening of the spring pocket 570.
  • the guide portion 572 can be established by an angled surface extending between a straight inner wall of the spring pocket 570 and the flat surface 508 at the first end 504 of the body 502.
  • the steering yoke assembly 500 can include a third bearing pad (not shown) embedded into the concave surface 510 of the body 502 along the central axis 524 of the body 502.
  • the third bearing pad can span the first lateral side 520 of the concave surface 510 and the second lateral side 522 of the concave surface 510 so that the third bearing pad is centered on the central axis 524.
  • the third bearing pad and the shaft contact surface of the third bearing pad can be substantially perpendicular to the central axis 524 of the body 502.
  • the steering yoke assembly 500 can include a low friction coating on the outer wall of the body 502.
  • the low friction coating can be PTFE. The low friction coating can allow the steering yoke assembly 500 to be easily installed within a bore.
  • the steering yoke assemblies 300, 500 provide lower contact between a rack shaft and the steering yoke assembly. Limiting the contact between those parts can reduce the precision required to make the steering yoke assembly. Specifically, the precision required to make and place the bearing pads in, or on, the body of the steering yoke assembly is substantially lower than the precision required to shape or machine a typical curved contact surface.
  • limiting the contact area to only the bearing pads can lead to a self-centering steering yoke assembly.
  • the rack shaft can relatively quickly wear a portion of a misaligned bearing pad until that pad properly fits against the rack shaft.
  • bearing pads described herein can include a shaft contact surface
  • the shaft contact surface can be rounded.
  • the shaft contact surface can include two adjacent surfaces that meet at an apex along the length of the bearing pad so that shape of the shaft contact surface can be generally triangle when viewed from a short end of the bearing pad.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
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EP13841356.2A 2012-09-30 2013-09-27 Steering yoke assembly Active EP2906459B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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PL13841356T PL2906459T3 (pl) 2012-09-30 2013-09-27 Zespół jarzma kierowniczego
SI201331128T SI2906459T1 (sl) 2012-09-30 2013-09-27 Sestav krmilnega jarma

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US201261708003P 2012-09-30 2012-09-30
PCT/US2013/062276 WO2014052813A1 (en) 2012-09-30 2013-09-27 Steering yoke assembly

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EP2906459A1 EP2906459A1 (en) 2015-08-19
EP2906459A4 EP2906459A4 (en) 2016-04-27
EP2906459B1 true EP2906459B1 (en) 2018-06-13

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JP (1) JP6033962B2 (es)
KR (1) KR101706074B1 (es)
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HUE039106T2 (hu) 2018-12-28
KR20150054939A (ko) 2015-05-20
KR101706074B1 (ko) 2017-02-14
CA2884977A1 (en) 2014-04-03
JP6033962B2 (ja) 2016-11-30
BR112015005493B1 (pt) 2022-08-09
US20140090495A1 (en) 2014-04-03
EP2906459A4 (en) 2016-04-27
EP2906459A1 (en) 2015-08-19
MX2015003391A (es) 2015-06-05
PL2906459T3 (pl) 2018-12-31
IN2015DN03121A (es) 2015-10-02
CN104661893A (zh) 2015-05-27
MX356919B (es) 2018-06-20
BR112015005493A2 (pt) 2017-07-04
SI2906459T1 (sl) 2018-10-30
JP2015533711A (ja) 2015-11-26
WO2014052813A1 (en) 2014-04-03
CA2884977C (en) 2018-04-17
US9296412B2 (en) 2016-03-29
CN104661893B (zh) 2017-07-25

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