EP2900395B1 - Procédé de pliage d'une pièce - Google Patents

Procédé de pliage d'une pièce Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2900395B1
EP2900395B1 EP13802850.1A EP13802850A EP2900395B1 EP 2900395 B1 EP2900395 B1 EP 2900395B1 EP 13802850 A EP13802850 A EP 13802850A EP 2900395 B1 EP2900395 B1 EP 2900395B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
workpiece
bending
energy
input
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13802850.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2900395A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Sperrer
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Trumpf Maschinen Austria GmbH and Co KG
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Trumpf Maschinen Austria GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2900395A1 publication Critical patent/EP2900395A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/008—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves combined with heating or cooling of the bends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/002—Positioning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/004—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves with program control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/02—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on press brakes without making use of clamping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/02—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on press brakes without making use of clamping means
    • B21D5/0281—Workpiece supporting devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for folding workpieces made of sheet metal, wherein before and / or during the bending process containing a bending edge containing, in particular strip-shaped forming zone on the workpiece for locally increasing the formability is heated to a forming temperature below the melting temperature of the metal.
  • brittle materials such as magnesium, titanium, spring steels, high-strength Al alloys, high-strength steels or other known as brittle materials
  • the problem is that when deformed by bending these materials do not have sufficient plastic deformability and therefore break during the bending process or along the Forming zone cracks or other undesirable deformations occur.
  • a parameter that can characterize the relevant behavior of materials is the so-called breaking elongation, ie the value of the plastic deformation that a work piece to be reshaped can endure up to the occurrence of a break.
  • breaking elongation ie the value of the plastic deformation that a work piece to be reshaped can endure up to the occurrence of a break.
  • yield ratio which sets the required tension in a workpiece at the beginning of a noticeable plastic deformation in relation to the maximum tolerable stress at break load from the workpiece.
  • the formability can be too low if bending radii are to be produced which are very small in relation to the sheet thickness, e.g. if the bending radius is approximately in the region of the sheet thickness or even smaller, which can be exceeded on the tension side of the forming the sustainable material stress.
  • a frequently used method to even such low elongation materials or workpieces with relatively large sheet thicknesses of the application of a forming process, in particular to make accessible for bending, is to heat workpieces to be bent in the region of the forming zone, whereby in this heated area the voltage required to achieve the required plastic deformation can be locally reduced.
  • EP 0 993 345 A1 a method for bending a workpiece by mechanical force under selective heating of the workpiece along a bending line by laser radiation, in which an elongated radiation field is formed from one or more laser beams and the workpiece is heated by the radiation field at all points along the bending line.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic bending method which avoids or at least reduces the mentioned adverse effects of heating the forming zone.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • the fact that the workpiece is heated before and / or during and / or after the bending process in at least one of the forming zone different heating zone by energy input from outside the workpiece, starting from an initial temperature to a treatment temperature below the melting temperature of the metal, which can be at a distribution of the shrinkage stresses occurring alone heating the forming zone are influenced in such a way that results in gentler voltage curves and the shrinkage stresses occurring are at least partially compensated.
  • the cooling of the forming zone can be slowed down in a simple manner, since the heat flow from the forming zone by the elevated temperature of the adjacent heating zone is reduced and the propagation of internal stresses in the bending edge of the workpiece adjacent to the produced bending edge can be reduced.
  • a mathematical estimation of the thermal stresses resulting from the temperature changes on the workpiece and deformations caused thereby is obtained by means of constantly improved simulation calculations, e.g. FE methods, feasible and it is also possible based on computational models and possibly also inclusion of measurements during the process application before and / or during and / or after the actual forming process by need-based energy input to produce a temperature distribution in the workpiece, with the unwanted, after the cooling process remaining deformations can be reduced or eliminated.
  • simulation calculations e.g. FE methods
  • the mechanical complexity for carrying out the method is low because the energy source used for the heating of the forming zone is used offset in time for the energy input into the heating zone. Since there are comparable requirements when heating the forming zone and the heating zone, this can be used in many cases.
  • An advantageous method for the energy input into the heating zone can be selected from a group comprising heat transfer, heat conduction, heat radiation, convection, electromagnetic induction, electrical resistance heating, laser radiation, high-energy electromagnetic radiation, or a combination.
  • the use of laser radiation allows a rapid and precise increase in the temperature in the heating zone, since the radiation emitted by a laser light source in its intensity and by suitable means for beam guidance in its location of action is flexibly adaptable.
  • the energy input into the heating zone can be carried out at a distance from the forming zone, whereby more options are available through a greater distance in the choice of the means used for the energy input. This facilitates simultaneous heating of the forming zone and the heating zone.
  • the treatment temperature has a predetermined temperature distribution with different temperature values.
  • the energy input may advantageously be from both sides of the sheet.
  • the energy input from both sides of the sheet is available for more area and can be increased at the same held intensity of the energy input, the heating power. The risk of local overheating up to reaching the melting temperature of the sheet can be kept low.
  • a simple and optionally calculable or definable temperature distribution in the workpiece can be effected if the heating zone is set oriented parallel to the bending edge or forming zone.
  • a length of the heating zone in the direction parallel to the bending edge is set shorter than the bending edge length, the marginal zone not directly heated by the energy input experiences a smaller expansion and shrinkage near the end of the bending edge than the adjacent forming zone and heating zone, and therefore a softer transition in the course of the voltage given the thermally unaffected workpiece sections.
  • heat conduction is not required to achieve a certain treatment temperature within the heating zone to make the energy input uniformly throughout the heating zone, but it is also possible to carry out the energy input into the heating zone in several spaced apart heating sections.
  • This allows the use of one or more locally acting heat sources to heat the heating zone instead of using a full-surface heat source.
  • it can be replaced by a controllable laser beam a surface-adjacent resistance heating.
  • the heating sections are set substantially uniformly distributed within the heating zone. This not only includes the spatial distribution and expansion, but may also provide a largely identical energy input into the heating sections.
  • a simple and optionally calculable or definable temperature distribution in the workpiece can be effected if the energy input in at least one heating section is carried out essentially along a line or alternatively in one point.
  • a uniform temperature distribution and a well predictable or calculable temporal temperature profile are achieved if, within the heating zone, the energy input occurs simultaneously in all heating sections of the heating zone. Possible to Determining the energy input used computing models can be simplified.
  • the energy input can be made successively in time in individual heating sections, whereby a planar heating zone can be heated with a spatially locally acting energy source.
  • At least one process parameter selected from a group comprising position, shape, expansion, treatment temperature or temperature distribution of the heating zone, distribution, duration or intensity of the energy input by means of a programmable control device.
  • models for the cooling behavior and the associated thermal stresses or thermally induced deformations are stored in the control device, which are adapted to the particular application.
  • such a process parameter can be determined using a finite element method.
  • a further development of the method can be to determine the process parameters after measuring the geometry and / or the temperature of the workpiece before and / or during and / or after the forming process, whereby the process results can be optimized by returning controlled variables.
  • the process is thus to a certain extent controlled in such a way that undesired thermally induced deformations after cooling of the workpiece are minimized.
  • An effective minimization of shape errors on the workpiece can be achieved if the intensity and the duration of the energy input is chosen such that in the heating zone and / or the heating sections a treatment temperature is achieved in a range between 220 ° C and 600 ° C substantially over the entire thickness of the sheet.
  • the intensity and the duration of the energy input in such a way that in the heating zone and / or the heating sections a treatment temperature is reached at which a structural change of the sheet is effected in relation to the starting temperature.
  • Such structural changes may affect the stress distribution within the workpiece such that the absolute values of the shape errors on the workpiece are reduced. For example, it can be caused by several inhomogeneities of the microstructure in the sheet, that due to the shrinkage stresses not a large warp on the workpiece is formed, but form several smaller faults or sets a slight ripple, which may represent tolerable errors.
  • a particularly rational implementation of the method is possible if at least part of the energy input into the heating zone takes place by means of a bending tool involved in the bending process.
  • a bending tool involved in the bending process For example, it may be provided that in a bending die, on which the workpiece is placed before the forming process, a possibility for discharging high-energy radiation, in particular laser radiation is provided and the workpiece is positioned by means of a robot on the exiting radiation, that the intended heating in the forming zone and / or the heating zone takes place.
  • the application of the method is particularly advantageous for bending workpieces made of zinc-based, titanium-based, aluminum-based metal sheets, as well as composite materials with such components or for workpieces in which the ratio of the smallest bending radius and sheet thickness is less than or equal to 1.0.
  • a method described in consequence for bending a workpiece 1 is shown from a metal sheet.
  • a workpiece 1 is introduced before the forming process in a bending tool assembly 2, which includes a bending die 3, for example in the form of a V-die and a punch 4, which are relatively movable by means of a guide and drive assembly of a bending machine not shown and thereby on Workpiece 1 by plastic deformation generate a bending edge 5.
  • a forming zone 6 containing the subsequent bending edge 5 is heated by means of a heating device 7 to a forming temperature below the melting temperature of the metal of the workpiece 1.
  • a heating device 7 to a forming temperature below the melting temperature of the metal of the workpiece 1.
  • the heating device 7 causes an energy input into the forming zone 6 of the workpiece and may use a mechanism selected from a group comprising heat transfer, heat conduction, heat radiation, convection, electromagnetic induction, electrical resistance heating, laser radiation, high-energy electromagnetic radiation or a combination thereof.
  • Fig. 1 is shown that the heating device 7 and the subsequent bending edge 5 are positioned in the bending plane 8, which coincides with the direction of movement of the adjustable bending punch 4.
  • the heater 7 is removed from the immediate work area of the bending tool assembly 2 and the workpiece 1 is placed in the intended for the forming process position. Normally, it is placed on the top 9 of the bending die 3, which also represents a support plane 10.
  • the heating of the forming zone 6 is performed distanced from the bending tool assembly 2 and the workpiece 1 is spent in a short path in the required position for the forming process, in which the subsequent bending edge 5 is in the bending plane 8.
  • the heating of the forming zone 6 is carried out so that the workpiece 1 is given the desired increased formability even after a short positioning.
  • the cooling process occurring after the end of the heating can be estimated and the deformation zone 6 can be heated to a correspondingly higher temperature.
  • At least one heating zone 11 is heated on the workpiece 1 by means of energy input from outside the workpiece 1, starting from an initial temperature to a treatment temperature below the melting temperature of the workpiece 1.
  • two, with respect Bending plane 8 heats approximately symmetrically located heating zones 11.
  • the energy input takes place here, deviating from the protected inventive concept, by heating devices 12, which are arranged adjacent to the heating device 7 for the forming zone 5 and also act on the underside of the workpiece 1, but it is also possible that by further heating devices 12, above the Workpiece 1 are positioned, the heating zones 11 are heated simultaneously from both sides of the workpiece to the treatment temperature.
  • the energy input takes place in this case from both sides of the workpiece 1 and thereby also the time for the heating process can be reduced.
  • the heating devices 12 for heating the heating zones 11 can also be arranged at a distance from the bending tool arrangement 2 and the workpiece 1 can be brought into the position required for the forming process after heating has taken place.
  • heating device 7, 12 can as in Fig. 1 illustrated a source of high-energy radiation, in particular laser radiation be provided, but also alternative heat energy sources can be used, such as resistance heating elements, infrared radiators, hot air devices with concentrated air outlet, etc ..
  • the heating of the heating zones 11 takes place according to the invention in that, with a time offset, the heating device 7 used for heating the shaping zone 6 is used. As a result, the structural complexity for carrying out the method is reduced.
  • the heaters 7, 12 are preferably controlled by a programmable control device 13, with which the heating operations are controlled so that the required temperatures, ie the forming temperature in the forming zone 6 and the treatment temperature in the heating zone 11 are achieved or maintained as accurately as possible.
  • the control device 13 may also be connected to a control device, not shown, of the bending machine containing the bending train 2 or be part of such.
  • the energy input is activated in the heating zone 11 and thereby selected from a group comprising position, shape, extension or treatment temperature of the heating zone or distribution, duration and intensity of the Energy input set.
  • the control device 13 can also influence the energy input into the heating zone 11 by automatically adjusting the position of the heating devices 7, 12, and this automatic adjustment can additionally include the removal of the heating devices 7, 12 from the working area of the bending tool arrangement 2.
  • the determination of the process parameters by the control device 13 can in particular also be carried out using a finite element method with which the voltages arising during heating and cooling of the workpiece 1 in the deformation zone 6 are estimated or calculated in advance and based on this the energy input is set in the heating zones 11 so that the stresses occurring in the workpiece during cooling of the workpiece 1 after the forming process are minimized or compensated.
  • the determination of process parameters also takes place based on a measurement of the geometry of the workpiece 1 or the temperature of the workpiece 1 in the forming zone 6 or in the heating zone 11.
  • the heating operation may be performed with a temperature measuring device activated during the heating process, e.g. a non-contact radiation thermometer, and a control device.
  • An embodiment of the method can also be that the heating of the forming zone 6 takes place on the forming temperature by heat conduction during or after the effected by the heater 12 energy input into the heating zone 11.
  • a separate heating device 7 for heating the forming zone 6 can be omitted.
  • the intensity and the duration of the energy input by means of the heaters 7, 12 are selected so that in the heating zone 11, a treatment temperature is achieved in a range between 220 ° C and 600 ° C. This temperature should prevail over substantially the entire thickness of the workpiece 1.
  • Fig. 2 is the action of the bending tool assembly 2 shown on the workpiece 1, in which case, for example, the completion of the forming process is shown.
  • the forming zone 6 has a relation to non-heated parts of the workpiece 1 increased temperature and continues as a result of the temperature compensation within the workpiece 1 and the heat output to the environment or the bending tool assembly 2 on.
  • this cooling process is advantageously influenced by the heating zones 11 different from the forming zone 6, wherein the heating of the heating zone 11 can take place before and / or during and / or after the actual forming process.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view according to the direction III of a folded workpiece 1, wherein the right bending leg in Fig. 2 is shown cut according to line AA.
  • Fig. 4 When carrying out the method, possible temperature distributions within a workpiece 1 are shown.
  • the region of the later bending edge 5 containing forming zone 6 is a region with greatly elevated temperature T, since the workpiece 1 is heated before or during the forming process here on the relation to the ambient temperature significantly higher, already described above forming temperature.
  • this relatively narrow and sharp temperature profile 17 in the forming zone 6 widens as a result of the heat conduction taking place in the workpiece 1 after the end of the heating process.
  • the work piece 1 in addition to the forming zone 6 in a heating zone 11 - Fig. 4 two heating zones 11 symmetrically to the bending edge 5 - the workpiece 1 is heated to a treatment temperature below the melting temperature of the metal, which in isolation each result in further temperature distributions 18, which change the cooling behavior of the workpiece 1 in a row.
  • This additional increase in temperature in the heating zones 11 causes the forming zone 6 to cool much more slowly after reaching the forming temperature and, as a result, the rapid heat flow into the remaining workpiece 1 is substantially reduced.
  • the original without any heating zones 11 original temperature distribution 17 is replaced in this case by a much wider temperature distribution 19, which due to the much lower temperature gradient and due to much lower cooling rate, the internal stresses due to the cooling process are much lower and thereby significantly lower undesirable thermal deformations occur on the curved workpiece 1.
  • Fig. 4 is indicated that the forming temperature 20 is selected in the forming zone 6 is substantially higher than the treatment temperature 21 in the heating zones 11, but it is also possible that treatment temperature 21 and forming temperature 20 are about the same or even that the treatment temperature 21 is greater than that Forming temperature 20. As already described above, it is also possible that the forming zone 6 is not specially heated, but is brought by heat conduction within the workpiece 1, starting from the heating zones 11 to the appropriate forming temperature.
  • Fig. 5 1 possible embodiments of heating zones 11 are shown on a view of an unbent workpiece 1.
  • the forming zone 6 containing the later bending edge 5 is marked with dashed lines.
  • a heating zone 11 is shown at a distance on the left-hand side, in which the energy input takes place by means of two heating sections 22 which are distanced from one another. Accordingly, the energy input need not occur uniformly or over the entire heating zone 11, but due to the already occurring heat conduction and distribution of the temperature after completion of the heating process, the heating at a plurality of spaced apart heating sections 22 done.
  • the energy input in the heating sections 22 is along lines 23 that are approximately parallel to the bending plane 8, whereby the heating zone 11 extends approximately parallel to the bending edge 5 oriented.
  • a modified second heating zone 11 is shown, in which the heating sections 22 are formed by a series of points 24 in which substantially the energy input takes place.
  • a plurality of heating sections 22 are arranged in a regular sequence or uniformly. With the in Fig. 5 illustrated arrangement of the heating zones 11 would be about one on the basis of Fig. 4 result in described temperature distribution, which causes reduced unwanted thermal deformations on the finished workpiece 1.
  • FIG. 6 an embodiment of the method according to the invention for the bending of a workpiece 1 is shown, again for like parts, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding Fig. 1 to 5 be used. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the detailed description in the previous ones will be used Fig. 1 to 5 referred or referred.
  • the heating of the subsequent bending edge 5 containing forming zone 6 and the mutually arranged heating zones 11 by means of a bending die 3 integrated heater 7, preferably a laser light source 25 or means for distributing generated outside of the bending die 3 and introduced into this laser radiation includes.
  • the positioning and handling of the workpiece is done manually or as shown by means of a programmable handling device 26, e.g. equipped with a grasping forceps 27.
  • a programmable handling device 26 e.g. equipped with a grasping forceps 27.
  • the bottom of the workpiece 1 rests against the support surface 10 of the bending die 3, a deformation due to the dead weight of the workpiece 1 is reduced while a potentially dangerous leakage of laser radiation is largely prevented.
  • the forming zone 6 and the two heating zones 11 are heated sequentially in time with the same heating device 7, wherein the order can be chosen freely.
  • the forming zone 6 is heated only after the heating zones 11.

Claims (22)

  1. Procédé pour le pliage d'une pièce à usiner (1) à partir d'une tôle de métal, dans lequel, avant et/ou pendant l'opération de pliage, une zone de déformation (6) en particulier en forme de bande, située au niveau de la pièce à usiner (1), contenant le bord de pliage (5) devant être produit, est chauffée pour une augmentation locale de l'aptitude à la déformation par l'intermédiaire d'un apport en énergie via un dispositif de chauffage (7) intégré dans une matrice de pliage (3) d'un agencement d'outils de pliage (2) jusqu'à une température de déformation inférieure à la température de fusion du métal, caractérisé en ce que la pièce à usiner (1) est chauffée avant et/ou pendant et/ou après l'opération de chauffage dans au moins une zone de chauffage (11) qui est différente de la zone de déformation (6) par l'intermédiaire d'un apport en énergie depuis l'extérieur de la pièce à usiner (1) via un dispositif de chauffage (7) identique à celui utilisé pour chauffer la zone de déformation (6) à un instant différent dans le temps, d'une température initiale à une température de traitement inférieure au point de fusion du métal.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie utilise un mécanisme sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant un transfert de chaleur, une conduction de chaleur, un rayonnement de chaleur, une convection, une induction électromagnétique, un chauffage par résistance électrique, un rayonnement laser, un rayonnement électromagnétique haute énergie, ou comprend une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie jusque dans la zone de chauffage (11) est réalisé à distance de la zone de déformation (6).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que deux zones de chauffage (11) ou plus sont agencées de manière sensiblement symétrique par rapport à la zone de déformation (6).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de chauffage (11), la température de traitement est amenée à une répartition de températures prédéterminée, avec des valeurs de température différentes localement.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie survient à partir des deux côtés de la pièce à usiner (1).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone de chauffage (11) est établie orientée parallèlement au bord de pliage (5).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie dans la zone de chauffage (11) survient dans plusieurs sections de chauffage (22) à distance les unes des autres.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel les sections de chauffage (22) sont établies réparties sensiblement uniformément dans la zone de chauffage (11).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie est réalisé dans au moins une section de chauffage (22) sensiblement le long d'une ligne (23).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie est réalisé dans au moins une section de chauffage (22) sensiblement en un point (24).
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie survient simultanément dans toutes les sections de chauffage (22) de la zone de chauffage (11).
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'apport en énergie survient successivement dans le temps dans des sections de chauffage individuelles (22).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que des sections de chauffage (22) se chevauchent.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un paramètre de procédé sélectionné dans un groupe comprenant la position, la forme, la dimension ou une température de traitement de la zone de chauffage, la répartition, la durée ou l'intensité de l'apport en énergie est déterminé au moyen d'un dispositif de commande programmable (13).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le paramètre de procédé est déterminé en utilisant une méthode des éléments finis.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le paramètre de procédé est déterminé après avoir examiné la géométrie et/ou la température de la pièce à usiner (1) avant et/ou après l'opération de transformation.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité et la durée de l'apport en énergie sont choisies de telle sorte que dans la zone de chauffage (11) et/ou les sections de chauffage (22), une température de traitement dans une plage de 220°C à 600°C est atteinte essentiellement à travers toute l'épaisseur de la pièce à usiner.
  19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité et la durée de l'apport en énergie sont choisies de telle sorte que dans la zone de chauffage (11) et/ou les sections de chauffage (22), une température de traitement est atteinte, par l'intermédiaire de laquelle une modification de structure de la pièce à usiner (1) est provoquée.
  20. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'apport en énergie dans la zone de chauffage (11) a lieu au moyen d'un outil de pliage (3, 4) impliqué dans l'opération de pliage.
  21. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'apport en énergie dans la zone de chauffage (11) a lieu lors d'une opération de coupe en amont d'une opération de pliage, sur une installation de découpe au laser.
  22. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 21 pour un traitement de pliage de pièces à usiner (1) à partir de tôles de métal à base de zinc, à base de titane, à base d'aluminium, de matériaux composites comprenant de tels matériaux ou pour des pièces à usiner où le rapport du plus petit rayon de pliage sur l'épaisseur de tôle est inférieur ou égal à 1,0.
EP13802850.1A 2012-09-26 2013-09-25 Procédé de pliage d'une pièce Active EP2900395B1 (fr)

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ATA1051/2012A AT513467B1 (de) 2012-09-26 2012-09-26 Verfahren zum Biegen eines Werkstücks
PCT/AT2013/050195 WO2014047669A1 (fr) 2012-09-26 2013-09-25 Procédé de pliage d'une pièce

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US9707608B2 (en) 2017-07-18
WO2014047669A1 (fr) 2014-04-03
EP2900395A1 (fr) 2015-08-05
JP2015530254A (ja) 2015-10-15
JP6367808B2 (ja) 2018-08-01
AT513467A1 (de) 2014-04-15
US20150266073A1 (en) 2015-09-24
AT513467B1 (de) 2014-07-15

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