EP2831677B1 - Flexible escapement mechanism - Google Patents
Flexible escapement mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2831677B1 EP2831677B1 EP13716231.9A EP13716231A EP2831677B1 EP 2831677 B1 EP2831677 B1 EP 2831677B1 EP 13716231 A EP13716231 A EP 13716231A EP 2831677 B1 EP2831677 B1 EP 2831677B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flexible
- escape wheel
- movable frame
- tooth
- balance
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001075 Nivarox Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/02—Escapements permanently in contact with the regulating mechanism
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
- G04B15/08—Lever escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/10—Escapements with constant impulses for the regulating mechanism
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/12—Adjusting; Restricting the amplitude of the lever or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
Definitions
- the invention relates to an escapement mechanism for a movement or a timepiece comprising at least one balance wheel and at least one escape wheel, where the transmission of pulses between the at least one balance and the at least one wheel of exhaust is carried out by a one-piece flexible mechanism, which comprises said exhaust mechanism, and comprising at least one probe cooperating with said at least one escape wheel or said at least one balance, and wherein said monobloc flexible mechanism is connected by at least one flexible blade which it comprises to a fixed structure of said timepiece, or respectively to said at least one escape wheel, wherein said one-piece flexible mechanism is a blocker which comprises at least one mobile frame carrying rest nozzles arranged to cooperate with teeth included in said escape wheel, a plurality of said flexible blades which are precontracted flexible blades and a fork carrying horns for cooperating with an anchor of said balance, and wherein said movable frame completely surrounds said escapement wheel.
- the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism.
- the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism, and / or at least one such clockwork movement.
- the invention relates to the field of watch mechanisms, and in particular exhaust mechanisms.
- Watchmaking performance requires high-precision movements with minimal footprint and fewer components to control production, assembly and tuning costs.
- "LIGA” or “DRIE” technologies make it possible to produce flexible and precise components, and to completely call into question traditional architectures, characterized by a large number of components and delicate adjustments.
- the document WO2011 / 120180 A1 ROLEX SA describes an anchor type blocker, with two arms each provided with a pallet to attack the same gear wheel, with two elastic arms connecting this blocker to a chassis allowing its pivoting, and a third elastic element substantially bistable.
- the document EP 2,037,335 A2 ENZLER & VON GUNTEN describes a monoblock anchor, Swiss anchor type, with two arms each provided with a pallet, and having arms constituted by flexible blades connected to a structure and defining a fictitious pivot.
- the document EP 2 450 755 A1 NIVAROX describes an escape wheel for a clockwork mechanism, comprising, coaxial and synchronous pivoting about a pivot axis, a plurality of gear wheels having at least a first impulse gear in a first impulse plane and at least one second release gear in a second stop plane parallel to or coincident with the first pulse plane.
- the second release gear comprises at least one moving element which comprises, on the one hand, at least one release tooth movable radially with respect to the pivot axis and biased towards an equilibrium position by first return means, and on the other hand at least one rest tooth biased in a first radial direction to an abutment position by second return means.
- the release tooth comprises drive means arranged for, when the release tooth moves in a second radial direction opposite the first radial direction, cooperate with complementary drive means that includes the rest tooth to drive the rest tooth in the second radial direction.
- the drive means when the release tooth moves in the first radial direction, are arranged to move away from the complementary drive means without driving the rest tooth.
- the document EP 2 105 806 A1 GIRARD PERREGAUX SA describes a deformable frame defining two orthogonal axes, comprising a buckling leaf spring in its largest dimension and arranged to restore energy during changes in shape of the bistable blade.
- the document CH 60813A SHORTILL describes an escapement anchor whose escape wheel has, on both sides of its flange, an alternation of teeth cooperating with palettes anchor mounted in opposition and facing each other.
- the document EP 1 967 919 A1 ETA SA describes a tangential pulse exhaust comprising a mobile ring frame, comprising vanes arranged to cooperate with teeth of an escape wheel located inside this ring.
- the invention proposes to overcome the limitations of known architectures, by proposing compact mechanisms, of small thickness, and economic to produce.
- the invention relates to an escape mechanism for movement or timepiece, said escapement mechanism comprising at least one balance and at least one escape wheel, where the transmission of pulses between said at least one escape wheel, a rocker arm and said at least one escape wheel is made by a one-piece flexible mechanism, which comprises said exhaust mechanism, and having at least one probe cooperating with said at least one escape wheel or said at least one balance, and wherein said one-piece flexible mechanism is connected by at least one flexible blade that it comprises to a fixed structure of said timepiece, or respectively to said at least one escape wheel, characterized in that said flexible mechanism monobloc is a blocker which comprises at least one movable frame carrying rest nozzles arranged to cooperate with teeth that includes said escape wheel, a plurality said flexible blades which are flexible blades prestressed in buckling, and a fork carrying horns to cooperate with an anchor of said balance, in that said movable frame completely surrounds said escape wheel, and in that said flexible blades are extended by springs which are solid with masses which are rigid
- the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism.
- the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism, and / or at least one such clockwork movement.
- These flexible zones can be used to carry out guidance, especially pivoting, and / or to achieve elastic return means.
- flexible guides are termed linear or rotary guides comprising one or more flexible blades.
- Their advantages are numerous, and one will quote in particular: precision, absence of friction, absence of hysteresis, absence of wear, no need lubrication, absence of galling, monolithic manufacture.
- the most frequent limitations are: limitation of displacements, weak intensity of forces or restoring torques, sometimes complex kinematics, limitation of the supported load.
- the flexible guides can be modified to have a zero rigidity or to have a bistable state in the case of a component working in buckling under the action of forces exerted on both sides of an average direction, either side of which this component can occupy two different stable states.
- the invention is applicable to an escape mechanism 100 for movement 900 or timepiece 1000 comprising at least one rocker arm 300 and at least one escape wheel 400.
- the transmission of pulses between said at least one balance wheel 300 and said at least one escape wheel 400 is carried out by a one-piece flexible mechanism 500.
- This one-piece flexible mechanism 500 comprises at least one probe 600 for cooperation with said at least one escape wheel 400 or respectively said at least one rocker 300.
- This one-piece flexible mechanism 500 is connected by at least one flexible blade 700, or preferably by a plurality of flexible blades constituting elastic return means, to a fixed structure 800 of said timepiece 1000, or respectively to said at least one escape wheel 400.
- FIG. 1 A particular application is illustrated by the Figures 1 to 11 , and relates to an exhaust mechanism 100 with a zero rigidity guide, and substantially paraxial mobility.
- the monobloc flexible mechanism 500 that it comprises is also called blocker.
- It comprises a plurality of flexible blades 700 which are prestressed flexible blades buckling 113.
- This mechanism 100 comprises a movable frame 111 articulated by flexible blades 113 relative to fixed anchors 112. These flexible blades 113 are beams working in buckling.
- the flexible blades 113 are extended, in the variant of Figures 1 to 10 by springs 13.
- These springs 13 are integral with masses 80, which are either rigidly fixed to the fixed structure 800, or which have a low degree of freedom with respect to this structure 800, as on the Figures 1 to 10 where the masses 80 comprise oblongs 81, which give a degree of freedom, in a small limited stroke, relative to pins 112 that includes the rigid structure 800.
- This degree of freedom is in a single direction Y, called ordinate.
- An eccentric 83 in a lumen 84 of a mass 80 is provided, preferably on each side, to pre-arm.
- the movable frame 111 comprises at least at least one load spring giving it zero rigidity.
- This mobile frame 111 which is the equivalent of an anchor, carries a fork 114 with horns 115 and a dart 116.
- This fork 114 is similar to that of a Swiss anchor, with all the anti-rebate and anti security -gallop.
- the movable frame 111 completely surrounds the escape wheel 400, which it is coplanar.
- this one-piece flexible mechanism 500 is a blocker which comprises at least one movable frame 111 carrying resting nozzles 119, which are arranged to cooperate with teeth 118 that includes the escape wheel 400, a plurality of such flexible blades 700 which are prestressed flexible blades in buckling 113, and a fork 114 carrying horns 115 to cooperate with ankle 117 of the balance beam 300.
- An escape wheel 400 has pulse teeth 118A, 118B, etc. arranged at equal angles to each other (60 ° on the Figures 1 to 10 , 90 ° on the figure 11 ).
- the slats 119 are arranged in opposite pairs.
- a first pair of nozzles 119A, 119C is aligned in a first direction X, called abscissa, in which extends and moves the fork rod 114; and a second pair of nozzles 119B, 119D, extends in a second direction Y, said ordinate, perpendicular to the first direction X.
- pulse teeth 118 can cooperate with teeth called resting nozzles 119A, 119B, 119C, 119D, the movable frame 111, here arranged at 90 ° from each other.
- This movable frame 111 is preferably movable in a substantially paraxial manner, and moves substantially in the X direction. According to the design of the invention, this mobile frame 111 can perform small amplitude displacements in the Y direction Y direction , within a limit defined by the deflection of the flexible blades 113 and the springs 13, these Y displacements allow the setting of stop, or, conversely, the release of stops.
- the movable frame 111 comprises stop faces 11 in the direction X, which cooperate or not, depending on the position of the movable frame 111, with limiting stops 12.
- a larger load of the flexible blades 113 can create a bistable system.
- the position of the impulse tooth 118B with respect to the stopper 119A can bring the anchor close to the instability.
- the anchor 111 provides a pulse via the escape wheel 400 and the energy stored in the flexible blades 113.
- the system has all the safety features of the Swiss lever escapement.
- the force given by the load springs 12 is 10 to 15% greater than the buckling force limit of the flexible blades 113, in order to ensure the positioning of the frame 111, by its stop faces 11, against the stops of limitation 12.
- the force of these load springs also has an upper limit, to ensure self-starting, and this limit is a function of the inertia of the balance.
- the invention also relates to a clockwork movement 900 comprising at least one such flexible mechanism, and in particular comprising a fixed structure 800 and at least one such mechanism 100.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece 1000, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such clock movement 900, and / or at least one such flexible mechanism, in particular comprising a fixed structure 800 and at least one such mechanism 100 .
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement pour mouvement ou pièce d'horlogerie comportant au moins un balancier et au moins une roue d'échappement, où la transmission d'impulsions entre ledit au moins un balancier et ladite au moins une roue d'échappement est réalisée par un mécanisme flexible monobloc, que comporte ledit mécanisme d'échappement, et comportant au moins un palpeur de coopération avec ladite au moins une roue d'échappement ou respectivement ledit au moins un balancier, et où ledit mécanisme flexible monobloc est relié par au moins une lame flexible qu'il comporte à une structure fixe de ladite pièce d'horlogerie, ou respectivement à ladite au moins une roue d'échappement, où ledit mécanisme flexible monobloc est un bloqueur qui comporte au moins un cadre mobile porteur de becs de repos agencés pour coopérer avec des dents que comporte ladite roue d'échappement, une pluralité de dites lames flexibles qui sont des lames flexibles précontraintes en flambage, et une fourchette porteuse de cornes pour coopérer avec une cheville dudit balancier, et où ledit cadre mobile entoure complètement ladite roue d'échappement.The invention relates to an escapement mechanism for a movement or a timepiece comprising at least one balance wheel and at least one escape wheel, where the transmission of pulses between the at least one balance and the at least one wheel of exhaust is carried out by a one-piece flexible mechanism, which comprises said exhaust mechanism, and comprising at least one probe cooperating with said at least one escape wheel or said at least one balance, and wherein said monobloc flexible mechanism is connected by at least one flexible blade which it comprises to a fixed structure of said timepiece, or respectively to said at least one escape wheel, wherein said one-piece flexible mechanism is a blocker which comprises at least one mobile frame carrying rest nozzles arranged to cooperate with teeth included in said escape wheel, a plurality of said flexible blades which are precontracted flexible blades and a fork carrying horns for cooperating with an anchor of said balance, and wherein said movable frame completely surrounds said escapement wheel.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant une structure fixe et au moins un tel mécanisme.The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism.
L'invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie comportant une structure fixe et au moins un tel mécanisme, ou/et au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie.The invention relates to a timepiece comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism, and / or at least one such clockwork movement.
L'invention concerne le domaine des mécanismes d'horlogerie, et en particulier des mécanismes d'échappement.The invention relates to the field of watch mechanisms, and in particular exhaust mechanisms.
La performance horlogère requiert des mouvements de haute précision, avec un encombrement minimal, et un nombre réduit de composants, de façon à maîtriser les coûts de production, d'assemblage et de réglage. Les technologies « LIGA » ou « DRIE » permettent de réaliser des composants flexibles et précis, et de remettre complètement en question les architectures traditionnelles, caractérisées par un grand nombre de composants et par des réglages délicats.Watchmaking performance requires high-precision movements with minimal footprint and fewer components to control production, assembly and tuning costs. "LIGA" or "DRIE" technologies make it possible to produce flexible and precise components, and to completely call into question traditional architectures, characterized by a large number of components and delicate adjustments.
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L'invention se propose de pallier les limites des architectures connues, en proposant des mécanismes compacts, de faible épaisseur, et économiques à produire.The invention proposes to overcome the limitations of known architectures, by proposing compact mechanisms, of small thickness, and economic to produce.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement pour mouvement ou pièce d'horlogerie, ledit mécanisme d'échappement comportant au moins un balancier et au moins une roue d'échappement, où la transmission d'impulsions entre ledit au moins un balancier et ladite au moins une roue d'échappement est réalisée par un mécanisme flexible monobloc, que comporte ledit mécanisme d'échappement, et comportant au moins un palpeur de coopération avec ladite au moins une roue d'échappement ou respectivement ledit au moins un balancier, et où ledit mécanisme flexible monobloc est relié par au moins une lame flexible qu'il comporte à une structure fixe de ladite pièce d'horlogerie, ou respectivement à ladite au moins une roue d'échappement, caractérisé en ce que ledit mécanisme flexible monobloc est un bloqueur qui comporte au moins un cadre mobile porteur de becs de repos agencés pour coopérer avec des dents que comporte ladite roue d'échappement, une pluralité de dites lames flexibles qui sont des lames flexibles précontraintes en flambage, et une fourchette porteuse de cornes pour coopérer avec une cheville dudit balancier, en ce que ledit cadre mobile entoure complètement ladite roue d'échappement, et en ce que lesdites lames flexibles sont prolongées par des ressorts qui sont solidaires de masses lesquelles sont, ou bien fixées rigidement sur ladite structure fixe, ou bien qui ont un faible degré de liberté par rapport à ladite structure limité par des oblongs coopérant des pions que comporte ladite structure rigide, selon une direction orthogonale à une direction de translation dite abcisse dudit cadre mobile.For this purpose, the invention relates to an escape mechanism for movement or timepiece, said escapement mechanism comprising at least one balance and at least one escape wheel, where the transmission of pulses between said at least one escape wheel, a rocker arm and said at least one escape wheel is made by a one-piece flexible mechanism, which comprises said exhaust mechanism, and having at least one probe cooperating with said at least one escape wheel or said at least one balance, and wherein said one-piece flexible mechanism is connected by at least one flexible blade that it comprises to a fixed structure of said timepiece, or respectively to said at least one escape wheel, characterized in that said flexible mechanism monobloc is a blocker which comprises at least one movable frame carrying rest nozzles arranged to cooperate with teeth that includes said escape wheel, a plurality said flexible blades which are flexible blades prestressed in buckling, and a fork carrying horns to cooperate with an anchor of said balance, in that said movable frame completely surrounds said escape wheel, and in that said flexible blades are extended by springs which are solid with masses which are rigidly fixed to said fixed structure, or which have a small degree of freedom with respect to said structure bounded by oblongs cooperating with pions which said rigid structure comprises, in one direction orthogonal to a translational direction called abcisse said movable frame.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant une structure fixe et au moins un tel mécanisme.The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism.
L'invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie comportant une structure fixe et au moins un tel mécanisme, ou/et au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie.The invention relates to a timepiece comprising a fixed structure and at least one such mechanism, and / or at least one such clockwork movement.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :
- les
figures 1 à 10 représentent, de façon schématisée et en élévation, les différentes étapes de la cinématique d'une variante particulière de mécanisme d'échappement avec un guidage à rigidité nulle, qui est schématisé globalement enfigure 11 dans une autre variante simplifiée qui ne montre pas toutes les caractéristiques de l'invention ; - la
figure 12 représente, sous forme d'un schéma-blocs, une pièce d'horlogerie avec un mouvement comportant un tel mécanisme.
- the
Figures 1 to 10 represent, schematically and in elevation, the different stages of the kinematics of a particular variant of exhaust mechanism with zero rigidity guidance, which is schematized globally infigure 11 in another simplified variant which does not show all the features of the invention; - the
figure 12 represents, in the form of a block diagram, a timepiece with a movement comprising such a mechanism.
De nombreux mécanismes horlogers peuvent être réalisés, avec un nombre réduit de composants, et de préférence en utilisant des composants réalisés en silicium, ou par un procédé LIGA ou DRIE, en comportant des zones flexibles.Many watch mechanisms can be realized with a reduced number of components, preferably using components made of silicon, or by a LIGA or DRIE process, with flexible zones.
Ces zones flexibles peuvent être utilisées pour réaliser des guidages, notamment en pivotement, ou/et pour réaliser des moyens de rappel élastique.These flexible zones can be used to carry out guidance, especially pivoting, and / or to achieve elastic return means.
On appelle dans la suite de l'exposé «guidages flexibles» des guidages linéaires ou rotatifs comportant une ou plusieurs lames flexibles. Leurs avantages sont nombreux, et on citera en particulier: précision, absence de friction, absence d'hystérèse, absence d'usure, aucun besoin de lubrification, absence de grippage, fabrication monolithique. Les limitations les plus fréquentes sont : limitation des déplacements, faible intensité des forces ou couples de rappel, cinématique parfois complexe, limitation de la charge supportée.In the remainder of the description, "flexible guides" are termed linear or rotary guides comprising one or more flexible blades. Their advantages are numerous, and one will quote in particular: precision, absence of friction, absence of hysteresis, absence of wear, no need lubrication, absence of galling, monolithic manufacture. The most frequent limitations are: limitation of displacements, weak intensity of forces or restoring torques, sometimes complex kinematics, limitation of the supported load.
Les guidages flexibles peuvent être modifiés afin d'avoir une rigidité nulle ou pour présenter un état bistable dans le cas d'un composant travaillant en flambage sous l'action d'efforts exercés de part et d'autre d'une direction moyenne, de part et d'autre de laquelle ce composant peut occuper deux états stables différents.The flexible guides can be modified to have a zero rigidity or to have a bistable state in the case of a component working in buckling under the action of forces exerted on both sides of an average direction, either side of which this component can occupy two different stable states.
L'invention est applicable à un mécanisme d'échappement 100 pour mouvement 900 ou pièce d'horlogerie 1000 comportant au moins un balancier 300 et au moins une roue d'échappement 400.The invention is applicable to an
Selon l'invention, la transmission d'impulsions entre ledit au moins un balancier 300 et ladite au moins une roue d'échappement 400 est réalisée par un mécanisme flexible monobloc 500. Ce mécanisme flexible monobloc 500 comporte au moins un palpeur 600 de coopération avec ladite au moins une roue d'échappement 400 ou respectivement ledit au moins un balancier 300. Ce mécanisme flexible monobloc 500 est relié par au moins une lame flexible 700, ou de préférence par une pluralité de lames flexibles constituant des moyens de rappel élastique, à une structure fixe 800 de ladite pièce d'horlogerie 1000, ou respectivement à ladite au moins une roue d'échappement 400.According to the invention, the transmission of pulses between said at least one
Une application particulière est illustrée par les
Le mécanisme flexible monobloc 500 qu'il comporte est aussi appelé bloqueur.The monobloc
Il comporte une pluralité de lames flexibles 700 qui sont des lames flexibles précontraintes en flambage 113.It comprises a plurality of
Ce mécanisme 100 comporte un cadre mobile 111 articulé par des lames flexibles 113 par rapport à des ancrages fixes 112. Ces lames flexibles 113 sont des poutres travaillant en flambage.This
Les lames flexibles 113 sont prolongées, dans la variante des
Un excentrique 83 dans une lumière 84 d'une masse 80 est prévu, de préférence de chaque côté, pour effectuer un préarmage.An eccentric 83 in a
Le cadre mobile 111 comporte au moins au moins un ressort de charge lui donnant une rigidité nulle.The
Ce cadre mobile 111, qui est l'équivalent d'une ancre, porte une fourchette 114 avec des cornes 115 et un dard 116. Cette fourchette 114 est analogue à celle d'une ancre suisse, avec toutes les sécurités anti-rebat et anti-galop.This
Dans l'application illustrée par les figures, le cadre mobile 111 entoure complètement la roue d'échappement 400, dont il est coplanaire.In the application illustrated by the figures, the
Ainsi, en somme, ce mécanisme flexible monobloc 500 est un bloqueur qui comporte au moins un cadre mobile 111 porteur de becs de repos 119, qui sont agencés pour coopérer avec des dents 118 que comporte la roue d'échappement 400, une pluralité de telles lames flexibles 700 qui sont des lames flexibles précontraintes en flambage 113, et une fourchette 114 porteuse de cornes 115 pour coopérer avec une cheville 117 du balancier 300.Thus, in short, this one-piece
Une roue d'échappement 400 comporte des dents d'impulsion 118A, 118B, etc.. disposées à angle égal les unes des autres (60° sur les
De préférence, les becs de repos 119 sont disposés par paires opposées. Dans la réalisation des figures, une première paire de becs 119A, 119C est alignée selon une première direction X, dite abscisse, selon laquelle s'étend et se déplace la tige de fourchette 114 ; et une deuxième paire de becs 119B, 119D, s'étend selon une deuxième direction Y, dite ordonnée, perpendiculaire à la première direction X.Preferably, the slats 119 are arranged in opposite pairs. In the embodiment of the figures, a first pair of
Ces dents d'impulsion 118 peuvent coopérer avec des dents appelées becs de repos 119A, 119B, 119C, 119D, du cadre mobile 111, ici disposées à 90° les unes des autres.These
Le balancier 300 et le petit plateau 30 et le grand plateau 31 sont similaires à ceux d'une ancre suisse classique. Ce cadre mobile 111 est, de façon préférée, mobile de façon sensiblement paraxiale, et se déplace essentiellement selon la direction X. Selon la conception de l'invention, ce cadre mobile 111 peut effectuer des déplacements de faible amplitude selon la direction des ordonnées Y, dans une limite définie par le débattement des lames flexibles 113 et des ressorts 13, ces déplacements en Y autorisent la prise de butée, ou, à l'inverse, le dégagement de butées.The
Sur la version particulière des
En somme, le bloqueur 500 comporte au moins le cadre mobile 111, les lames flexibles 113, et la fourchette 114 porteuse des cornes 115. L a cinématique du mécanisme de la
- Lorsque la cheville de
plateau 117 entre en contact avec lacorne 115 d'entrée, un bec derepos 119A du cadre mobile 111 libère sans recul la roue d'échappement 400, et ladent 118B de la roue d'échappement 400, sensiblement à l'équerre de la bec derepos 119A, effectue une impulsion tangentielle sur le cadre mobile 111 de l'ancre au niveau d'un bec derepos 119B. A la fin de l'impulsion, ladent 118C de la roue d'échappement est stoppée par la dent correspondante 119C sur l'ancre. Le cycle d'impulsion se reproduit de manière similaire avec lesdents 118D et 119D.
- When the
plate pin 117 comes into contact with theinlet horn 115, areclining nose 119A of themovable frame 111 releases recessively theescape wheel 400, and thetooth 118B of theescape wheel 400, substantially at the angle of thespout 119A, performs a tangential pulse on themovable frame 111 of the anchor at aspout 119B. At the end of the pulse, thetooth 118C of the escape wheel is stopped by the correspondingtooth 119C on the anchor. The pulse cycle reproduces similarly with 118D and 119D.teeth
Une charge plus importante des lames flexibles 113 peut créer un système bistable. La position de la dent d'impulsion 118B par rapport à la bec de repos 119A peut amener l'ancre près de l'instabilité. Il en résulte que l'ancre 111 fournit une impulsion via la roue d'échappement 400 et l'énergie stockée dans les lames flexibles 113.A larger load of the
Le système présente toutes les sécurités de l'échappement à ancre suisse.The system has all the safety features of the Swiss lever escapement.
Pour la variante des
-
figure 1 : dégagement. Le balancier pivote en sens horaire.La dent 118C qui était en prise avec le bec derepos 119C commence à s'en libérer, pendant le mouvement de translation vers la gauche, en X-, sur la figure, du cadre mobile 111. Celui-ci est, au début du dégagement, proche de sa fin de course en X+. -
figure 2 : début d'impulsion.La dent 118C est complètement libérée, la roue d'échappement 400 pivote,la corne 115 donne l'impulsion à la cheville 117, le cadre mobile est rappelé en X- sous l'effet de l'impulsion donnée parla dent 118B au bec 119B. -
figure 3 : fin d'impulsion. Les lamesbistables 113 viennent de passer leur position bistable. Le cadre mobile 111 a parcouru sa course en X-, sous l'effet du rappel élastique des lames 113, et est en fin de course en X-. -
figure 4 : prise de repos.La dent 118A vient en prise sur le bec de repos 119A. -
figure 5 : repos total.La dent 118A est au repos sur le bec de repos 119A. Le balancier 300 parcourt l'arc supplémentaire et arrive à son point d'inversion. -
figure 6 : dégagement. Le balancier 300 pivote en sens anti-horaire.La cheville 117 revient coopérer avec les cornes 115, pour mouvoir le cadre mobile 111 en X+, suffisamment pour dégager ladent 118A du bec 119A. -
figure 7 : début d'impulsion.La dent 118A est libérée du bec 119A. La roue 118 pivote. Le cadre mobile 111 poursuit sa course en X+, sous l'effet de l'entraînement du bec 119D par ladent 118D. -
figure 8 : fin d'impulsion. Les lamesbistables 113 viennent de passer leur position bistable. Le cadre mobile 111 a parcouru sa course en X+, et est en fin de course en X+.La dent 118C approche du bec derepos 119C. -
figure 9 : prise de repos.La dent 118C est en appui sur le bec derepos 119C. -
figure 10 : repos total.La dent 118C est au repos sur le bec derepos 119C. Le balancier 300 parcourt l'arc supplémentaire et arrive à son point d'inversion. - le cycle continue selon la
figure 1 , mais, bien sûr, avec d'autres dents de la roue d'échappement.
-
figure 1 : clearance. The balance pivots clockwise. Thetooth 118C which was engaged with thestopper 119C begins to free, during the translational movement to the left, in X-, in the figure, themovable frame 111. This is, at the beginning of the clearance, close to the end of the race in X +. -
figure 2 : pulse start. Thetooth 118C is completely released, theescape wheel 400 pivots, thehorn 115 gives the pulse to theankle 117, the moving frame is recalled in X- under the effect of the pulse given by thetooth 118B to thebeak 119B. -
figure 3 : end of impulse. Thebistable blades 113 have just passed their bistable position. Themovable frame 111 has traveled its course in X-, under the effect of the elastic return of theblades 113, and is at the end of the race in X-. -
figure 4 : taking rest. Thetooth 118A engages on thespout 119A. -
figure 5 : total rest. Thetooth 118A is at rest on thespout 119A. Thependulum 300 travels the additional arc and arrives at its inversion point. -
figure 6 : clearance. Therocker 300 pivots counterclockwise. Thepeg 117 returns to cooperate with thehorns 115, to move the movable frame 111 X +, enough to clear the 119A spout.tooth 118A -
figure 7 : pulse start. Thetooth 118A is released from thenozzle 119A. Thewheel 118 pivots. Themovable frame 111 continues its stroke X +, under the effect of the 119D nozzle drive by thetooth 118D. -
figure 8 : end of impulse. Thebistable blades 113 have just passed their bistable position. Themobile frame 111 has run its X +, and is at the end of the race in X +. Thetooth 118C approaches thespout 119C. -
figure 9 : taking rest. Thetooth 118C rests on thestopper 119C. -
figure 10 : total rest. Thetooth 118C is at rest on thestopper 119C. Thependulum 300 travels the additional arc and arrives at its inversion point. - the cycle continues according to the
figure 1 but, of course, with other teeth of the escape wheel.
De façon avantageuse, dans cette variante des
La force de ces ressorts de charge a aussi une limite supérieure, afin d'assurer l'auto-démarrage, et cette limite est fonction de l'inertie du balancier.The force of these load springs also has an upper limit, to ensure self-starting, and this limit is a function of the inertia of the balance.
Le mécanisme bloqueur est ici représenté a un seul niveau. Il est aussi possible de le réaliser sur plusieurs niveaux, en particulier avec chacun des becs (impulsion et repos) sur un niveau différent.
Dans un exemple particulier de réalisation, pour un balancier oscillant à 4 Hz, et un tel mécanisme bloqueur 500 réalisé en silicium, dans un wafer de hauteur 0,15 mm, avec une course de bloqueur de +/- 0,35 mm, et un repos total de 0,05 mm, on obtient un fonctionnement correct, qui assure aussi l'auto-démarrage, avec les différentes configurations suivantes :
- inertie de balancier 4 mg.cm2 ; longueur de lame flexible 5,0 mm ; épaisseur de lame 0,02 mm, force critique flambage 5,8 mN, ressort de charge 6,9 mN ;
- inertie de balancier 9 mg.cm2 ; longueur de lame flexible 5,0 mm ; épaisseur de lame 0,02 mm, force critique flambage 5,8 mN, ressort de charge 6,9 mN ;
- inertie de balancier 9 mg.cm2 ; longueur de lame flexible 5,0 mm ; épaisseur de lame 0,02 mm, force critique flambage 5,8 mN, ressort de charge 7,2 mN ;
- inertie de balancier 4 mg.cm2 ; longueur de lame flexible 1,7 mm ; épaisseur de lame 0,01 mm, force critique flambage 6,2 mN, ressort de charge 7,2 mN.
In a particular embodiment, for a balance oscillating at 4 Hz, and such a
- balance inertia 4 mg.cm2; flexible blade length 5.0 mm; blade thickness 0.02 mm, critical force buckling 5.8 mN, load spring 6.9 mN;
- balance inertia 9 mg.cm2; flexible blade length 5.0 mm; blade thickness 0.02 mm, critical force buckling 5.8 mN, load spring 6.9 mN;
- balance inertia 9 mg.cm2; flexible blade length 5.0 mm; blade thickness 0.02 mm, critical force buckling 5.8 mN, load spring 7.2 mN;
- balance inertia 4 mg.cm2; flexible blade length 1.7 mm; blade thickness 0.01 mm, critical force buckling 6.2 mN, load spring 7.2 mN.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie 900 comportant au moins un tel mécanisme flexible, et notamment comportant une structure fixe 800 et au moins un tel mécanisme 100.The invention also relates to a
L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie 1000, notamment une montre, comportant au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie 900, ou/et au moins un tel mécanisme flexible, notamment comportant une structure fixe 800 et au moins un tel mécanisme 100.The invention also relates to a
Claims (10)
- Escapement mechanism (100) for a timepiece movement (900) or timepiece (1000), said escapement mechanism including at least one balance (300) and at least one escape wheel (400), wherein the transmission of impulses between said at least one balance (300) and said at least one escape wheel (400) is performed by a single-piece, flexible mechanism (500), comprised in said escapement mechanism (100) and including at least one feeler-spindle (600) cooperating with said at least one escape wheel (400) or respectively said at least one balance (300), and wherein said single-piece, flexible mechanism (500) is connected by at least one flexible blade (700) comprised therein to a fixed structure (800) of said timepiece (1000), or respectively to said at least one escape wheel (400), wherein said single-piece, flexible mechanism (500) is a locking lever which includes at least one movable frame (111) carrying locking beaks (119) arranged to cooperate with teeth (118) comprised in said escape wheel (400), a plurality of said flexible blades (700) which are flexible, prestressed buckled blades (113), and a fork (114) carrying horns (115) for cooperating with an impulse pin (117) of said balance (300), and wherein said movable frame (111) completely surrounds said escape wheel (400), characterized in that said flexible blades (113) are extended by springs (13) which are integral with weights (80) which are either rigidly fixed to said fixed structure (800), or which have a small degree of freedom with respect to said structure (800) limited by oblong portions (81) cooperating with pins (112) comprised in said rigid structure (800), in an orthogonal direction to a direction of translation, called the abscissa direction (X ), of said movable frame (111).
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said movable frame (111) forms a pallet lever movable in translation in said direction of translation (X) and includes at least one loaded spring giving said frame zero rigidity, said mechanism (100) being arranged so that, when said pin (117) enters into contact with an entry horn (115), one said locking beak (19) of said movable frame (111) releases said escape wheel (400) without recoil, and a tooth (118) of said escape wheel (400) in a position substantially perpendicular to said tooth (119) imparts a tangential impulse on said movable frame (111), and in that, at the end of the impulse, a tooth (118) of said escape wheel (400) is stopped by a corresponding tooth (119) of said movable frame (111).
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the load of said flexible blades (113) is calculated to create a bistable system, and in that the position of said impulse tooth (118), with respect to said locking beak (119) can bring said movable frame (111) close to instability, so as to allow said frame to provide an impulse via said escape wheel (400) and the energy stored in said flexible blades (113).
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism includes at least one eccentric (83) in a hole (84) in a said weight (80), said eccentric (83) being provided to perform pre-winding of said flexible blades (113).
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said movable frame (111) includes stop faces (11) in the direction of translation of said frame, arranged to cooperate in end-of-travel abutment with limit stop members (12).
- Mechanism (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the force given by said at least one loaded spring (13) is 10 to 15% greater than the maximum buckling force of said flexible blades (113), to ensure the positioning of said movable frame (111), by said stop faces (11) thereof, against said limit stop members (12).
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said locking beaks (119) are arranged in opposite pairs.
- Mechanism (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that a first pair of beaks (119A: 119C) is aligned in said first abscissa direction (X) in which said fork pin (114) extends and moves, and a second pair of beaks (119B; 119D) extend in a second direction (Y) perpendicular to said first abscissa direction (X).
- Timepiece movement (900) including a fixed structure (800) and at least one said mechanism (100) according to claim 1.
- Timepiece (1000) including a fixed structure (800) and at least one said mechanism (100) according to claim 1, and/or at least one timepiece movement (900) according to the claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
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EP13716231.9A EP2831677B1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-03-27 | Flexible escapement mechanism |
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EP12162030.6A EP2645189B1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-03-29 | Flexible escapement mechanism |
PCT/EP2013/056577 WO2013144236A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-03-27 | Flexible escapement mechanism having a mobile frame |
EP13716231.9A EP2831677B1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-03-27 | Flexible escapement mechanism |
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EP2831677A1 EP2831677A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
EP2831677B1 true EP2831677B1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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EP13716231.9A Active EP2831677B1 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-03-27 | Flexible escapement mechanism |
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US (1) | US9075394B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2831677B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5918438B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104204966B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1205284A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2607339C9 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013144236A1 (en) |
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EP3663869A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-10 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Timepiece chiming mechanism with suspended hammer |
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- 2013-03-27 US US14/389,012 patent/US9075394B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-27 WO PCT/EP2013/056577 patent/WO2013144236A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-27 CN CN201380017783.8A patent/CN104204966B/en active Active
- 2013-03-27 EP EP13716231.9A patent/EP2831677B1/en active Active
- 2013-03-27 RU RU2014143453A patent/RU2607339C9/en active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2607339C9 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
RU2014143453A (en) | 2016-05-20 |
RU2607339C2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
JP2015511714A (en) | 2015-04-20 |
US20150063082A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
CN104204966B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP2831677A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
WO2013144236A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
US9075394B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
CN104204966A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
HK1205284A1 (en) | 2015-12-11 |
JP5918438B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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