EP2829327B1 - Procédé de nettoyage d'un brûleur d'une installation de revêtement par plasma et installation de revêtement par plasma - Google Patents

Procédé de nettoyage d'un brûleur d'une installation de revêtement par plasma et installation de revêtement par plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2829327B1
EP2829327B1 EP14175216.2A EP14175216A EP2829327B1 EP 2829327 B1 EP2829327 B1 EP 2829327B1 EP 14175216 A EP14175216 A EP 14175216A EP 2829327 B1 EP2829327 B1 EP 2829327B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
burner
torch
cleaning agent
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14175216.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2829327A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd DISTLER
Peter Dr. Ernst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Metco AG
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Oerlikon Metco AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Metco AG filed Critical Oerlikon Metco AG
Priority to EP14175216.2A priority Critical patent/EP2829327B1/fr
Publication of EP2829327A1 publication Critical patent/EP2829327A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0021—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by liquid gases or supercritical fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B05B15/555—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids discharged by cleaning nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B05B15/557—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids the cleaning fluid being a mixture of gas and liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning a burner of a plasma coating installation according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a plasma coating installation according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Plasma coating systems and methods are used to apply a layer to surfaces of workpieces.
  • the layer can serve as a heat-insulating layer in turbine blades or, in the case of cylinder inner surfaces of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine, improve the tribological properties.
  • a plasma flame is produced by a burner, to which a spray material forming the layer is supplied, for example in the form of a powder or a wire.
  • the spray material melts in the plasma flame and is sprayed onto the workpiece where it forms the above-mentioned layer.
  • not all of the injected spray material is deposited on the workpiece. Among other things, this leads to particles of spray material depositing on the burner and thus adhering to the burner. Such contamination can lead to malfunctions of the burner, which affect the quality of the applied layer and / or make interruptions of the coating process necessary.
  • the burner is exposed to a cleaning agent emerging from a cleaning nozzle during a coating interruption, that is to say in a phase in which no layer is applied to a workpiece. This removes adhering spray material particles on the burner.
  • the cleaning agent is designed so that it is gaseous under normal conditions and passes into a gaseous state after leaving the cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning agent passes either from a solid or a liquid state directly into the gaseous state.
  • the detergent sublimates or evaporates after leaving the cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning agent has a very low temperature and increases its volume during the transition to the gaseous state extremely. If the spray-material particles adhering to the burner have already formed a continuous layer, then it is strongly cooled and cracks are formed. Subsequent particles of the cleaning agent penetrate into the cracks and expand abruptly. The spray material particles are blasted off. If the spray material particles do not yet form a continuous layer on the burner, particles of the cleaning agent can penetrate directly into existing gaps and cracks, which also leads to a bursting of the spray material particles.
  • the adhering to the burner spray material particles can be removed very effectively, so that they no malfunction of the burner can cause.
  • the plasma is especially maintained during the cleaning of the burner. Thus, no reignition of the plasma after cleaning is necessary.
  • the burner can be applied from one cleaning nozzle or even from several cleaning nozzles at the same time or one after the other with cleaning agent.
  • a "burner” is intended to mean both the actual component in which the plasma is generated. be understood, as well as parts that are directly or indirectly connected to this component. An example of such a component would be a so-called burner shaft.
  • the term “apply” should be understood to mean, for example, sprayed, blown on or "shot at”.
  • the cleaning agent is designed so that it is fixed before leaving the cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning agent is designed in particular as dry ice, ie as solid carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Dry ice sublimates under normal pressure at about -78 ° C, so goes directly into the gas phase, ie the gaseous state, without first becoming liquid. In the sublimation, the volume increases to more than 700-fold.
  • dry ice blasting In use, for example, a method called dry ice blasting may be used.
  • This dry ice pellets are with a grain size, for example, between 2 and 8 mm accelerated and directed to the burner.
  • the adhering to the burner spray material particles are then blasted off as described above.
  • the cleaning agent is designed so that it is liquid before leaving the cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning agent is designed in particular as liquid nitrogen (N). Liquid nitrogen evaporates at normal pressure at approx. -196 ° C. During evaporation, the volume increases up to 700 times.
  • the cleaning agent may advantageously also be designed as liquid carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).
  • CO 2 liquid carbon dioxide
  • the carbon dioxide relaxes, with part of the carbon dioxide in the gaseous and another part in a solid state, in particular in the form of snow particles, go over.
  • snow blasting Such a method is referred to as so-called snow blasting.
  • the mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and snow particles is admixed in particular to a compressed air jet and so the mixer is charged with the cleaning agent.
  • the carbon dioxide can thus advantageously be supplied continuously, for example, from dip tube bottles or low-pressure tanks. This allows a continuous coating and cleaning process that is simple and therefore inexpensive to carry out.
  • the cleaning agent may also consist of another substance which is gaseous under normal conditions.
  • the sprayed particles adhering to the burner are blasted as described above.
  • the burner rotates during a coating process, wherein this rotation is stopped before the application of the cleaning agent. This can be avoided that the cleaning agent so impinges on the burner, that there is a risk that the plasma is inadvertently deactivated and thus must be re-ignited before a new coating process.
  • the rotation of the burner during a coating process takes place in particular about a longitudinal axis of the burner. It is also possible that the burner does not rotate during the entire coating process, but only temporarily.
  • a rotating burner is used, for example, in a coating of cylinder inner surfaces of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine.
  • the rotation is stopped in a defined cleaning position of the burner, wherein said cleaning position is defined in particular in relation to the cleaning nozzle.
  • a so-called stepping motor can be used to rotate the burner.
  • the burner is moved during the application of the cleaning agent on a defined cleaning path relative to the cleaning nozzle.
  • it is in particular moved in such a way that cleaning agents are applied to the largest possible areas of the burner and at the same time recessed sensitive areas that should not come into contact with cleaning agent. This can advantageously be achieved that the largest possible Be cleaned areas of the burner, without the risk of deactivation of the plasma.
  • a movement on a defined cleaning path relative to the cleaning nozzle can also be understood as meaning a defined rotation of the burner about its longitudinal axis.
  • the burner is driven prior to exposure to the cleaning agent in a cleaning station.
  • the burner can be positioned very precisely with respect to the cleaning nozzle and, on the other hand, the sprayed-particle particles which have been blown off the burner can simply be collected and disposed of.
  • the cleaning station also has, in particular, a collecting trough and / or an extraction for the sprayed-off particles of sprayed material.
  • a plasma coating machine with a burner and a cleaning device with a cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning device is provided to act on the burner during a coating interruption with a leaving the cleaning nozzle cleaning agent and so to remove adhering to the burner spray material particles.
  • the cleaning agent is designed so that it is gaseous under normal conditions and passes into a gaseous state after leaving the cleaning nozzle.
  • the cleaning nozzle is arranged on the burner.
  • a very short period of time is necessary for the cleaning of the burner, since it does not have to be brought to a special cleaning station for cleaning.
  • more than one cleaning nozzle can be arranged on the burner.
  • a plasma spraying device 10 of a plasma coating system has a housing 11, a connecting element 12 partially arranged in the housing 11, and a burner 13.
  • the burner 13 has a mainly cylindrical burner shaft 14, via which it is fixedly connected to the connecting element 12, and a burner head 15 opposite the connecting element 12.
  • the connecting element 12 and thus also the burner 13 can rotate about a longitudinal axis 16.
  • an electric motor 17 designed as a stepping motor 17 is arranged within the housing 11, which is connected via a gear 18 and a toothed belt 19 with a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 16 arranged drive shaft 20 of the connecting element 12.
  • the operating media necessary for the operation of the plasma spraying device 10 are supplied via ports 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 and partly also discharged.
  • Coating material in the form of powder can be supplied via the connection 21 arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 16 on the drive shaft 20.
  • the other terminals 22, 23, 24 and 25 are arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis 16 on the housing 11. Cooling water is supplied via port 22 and discharged again via port 23.
  • Air is supplied via port 24 and plasma gas, for example in the form of argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen or mixtures thereof, via port 25.
  • the individual lines for the operating media within the connecting element 12 and the burner 13, and the associated rotary unions are not of interest here and therefore not shown.
  • the housing 11 of the plasma spray gun 10 is connected via an only partially illustrated coupling module 26 with an industrial robot, not shown, which can bring the plasma spray gun 10 in a desired position.
  • the plasma sprayer 10 can also be positioned so that the burner 13 is located in a cleaning station 27.
  • the cleaning station 27 has a cleaning nozzle 28, which is connected to a supply device 29, which is shown only schematically, for a cleaning agent 30.
  • the supply device 29 can supply the cleaning nozzle 28 with cleaning agent 30, which can be brought under pressure onto the burner 13, so that the burner 13 can be acted upon by cleaning agent 30.
  • the cleaning station 27 also has a collecting trough 31, over which the burner 13 is positioned during a cleaning process.
  • the cleaning station 27 has a suction 33, next to which the burner 13 is positioned during a cleaning process.
  • the plasma spraying apparatus 10 is used, for example, for coating cylinder inner surfaces of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine.
  • the burner 13 rotates about the longitudinal axis 16.
  • spray material on the cylinder inner surface also spray material particles 32 deposited on the burner 13, in a coating interruption, especially in the period in which a new crankcase in the right position, should be removed.
  • the plasma sprayer 10 is positioned so that the burner 13 is in the cleaning station 27 as shown, with the plasma remaining activated.
  • the rotation of the burner 13 is stopped so that it is in a defined cleaning position relative to the cleaning nozzle 28.
  • the burner head 15 with Cleaning agent 30 acted in the form of dry ice pellets, which are shot with compressed air against the burner head 15.
  • the dry ice pellets sublimate after exiting the cleaning nozzle 28.
  • the low temperature and the increase in volume during sublimation ensure that adhering to the burner head 15 spray material particles 32 are removed from the burner head 15 and collected in the drip pan 31 or sucked off the suction 33.
  • the burner 13 can remain in a fixed cleaning position during the cleaning process. But it is also possible that the burner 13 is moved during the cleaning process on a defined cleaning path relative to the cleaning nozzle 28. For this purpose, for example, the burner 13 can be easily rotated, wherein the cleaning path is selected so that the plasma is not directly applied with detergent, so for example, the burner 13 is rotated only by about 180 to 250 °. Alternatively or additionally, the burner 13 can be moved so that in addition to the burner head 15 and the burner shaft 14 is supplied with cleaning agent 30. For this purpose, the burner 13 in the FIG. 1 down, so moved towards drip tray 31. However, it is also possible that not the burner, but the cleaning nozzle is moved.
  • liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide can also be used as cleaning agent.
  • FIG. 2 Figure 1 shows a portion of a plasma sprayer 110 with another arrangement of cleaning nozzles 128.
  • the plasma sprayer 110 is otherwise the same as the plasma sprayer 10 Fig. 1 built so that only the differences are addressed.
  • the cleaning nozzles 128 are fixed to a connecting element 112 and thus arranged on a burner 113 so that they can act on a burner head 115 of the burner 113 with cleaning agent 130.
  • the cleaning nozzles 128 are arranged diametrically opposite with respect to a longitudinal axis 116. They are supplied via a non-illustrated connection to the connecting element 112 and corresponding lines in the connecting element 112 with detergent. It can basically the same cleaning agents as in the in conjunction with Fig. 1 described method can be used.

Landscapes

  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé pour le nettoyage d'un brûleur (13, 113) d'une installation de revêtement au plasma, dans lequel le brûleur (13, 113) est appliqué avec un nettoyant (30, 130) sortant d'une buse de nettoyage (28, 128) pendant une interruption de revêtement et ainsi les particules de matériau de projection (32) adhérant au brûleur (13, 113) sont enlevées, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu de telle sorte, qu'il est gazeux dans des conditions normales et qu'il passe à l'état gazeux après avoir quitté la buse de nettoyage (28, 128).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu de telle sorte, qu'il est solide avant de quitter la buse de nettoyage (28, 128).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu comme une glace sèche.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu de telle sorte, qu'il est liquide avant de quitter la buse de nettoyage (28, 128).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu sous forme de nitrogène liquide.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le nettoyant (30, 130) est conçu sous forme de dioxyde de carbone liquide.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (13, 113) tourne pendant une opération de revêtement et que cette rotation est arrêtée avant l'application avec le nettoyage (30, 130).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la rotation du brûleur (13, 113) est arrêtée dans une position de nettoyage définie.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (13, 113) est déplacé sur une voie de nettoyage définie par rapport à la buse de nettoyage (28, 128) pendant l'application avec le nettoyage (30, 130).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (13) est déplacé vers une station de nettoyage (27) avant l'application avec le nettoyage (30).
  11. Installation de revêtement au plasma avec un brûleur (13, 113) et une buse de nettoyage (28, 128), caractérisée en ce que la buse de nettoyage (28, 128) est disposée sur le brûleur (13, 113) de sorte que le brûleur (13, 113) peut être appliqué avec un nettoyant (30, 130) sortant d'une buse de nettoyage (28, 128) pendant une interruption de revêtement et ainsi les particules de matériau de projection (32) adhérant au brûleur (13, 113) peuvent être enlevées.
  12. Installation de revêtement au plasma avec un brûleur (13, 113) et une station de nettoyage (27), caractérisée en ce que la station de nettoyage (27) comprend une buse de nettoyage (28, 128), et la buse de nettoyage (28, 128) est disposée sur la station de nettoyage (27) de sorte et le brûleur (13, 113) peut être positionné à la station de nettoyage (27) pendant une interruption de revêtement de sorte, que le brûleur (13, 113) peut être appliqué avec un nettoyant (30, 130) sortant d'une buse de nettoyage (28, 128) et ainsi les particules de matériau de projection (32) adhérant au brûleur (13, 113) peuvent être enlevées.
EP14175216.2A 2013-07-26 2014-07-01 Procédé de nettoyage d'un brûleur d'une installation de revêtement par plasma et installation de revêtement par plasma Active EP2829327B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14175216.2A EP2829327B1 (fr) 2013-07-26 2014-07-01 Procédé de nettoyage d'un brûleur d'une installation de revêtement par plasma et installation de revêtement par plasma

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13178146 2013-07-26
EP14175216.2A EP2829327B1 (fr) 2013-07-26 2014-07-01 Procédé de nettoyage d'un brûleur d'une installation de revêtement par plasma et installation de revêtement par plasma

Publications (2)

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EP2829327A1 EP2829327A1 (fr) 2015-01-28
EP2829327B1 true EP2829327B1 (fr) 2017-11-29

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Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20150027497A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2829327B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6545441B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN104404431B (fr)
AU (1) AU2014203735A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2856500C (fr)
HU (1) HUE036204T2 (fr)

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CN104404431A (zh) 2015-03-11
CA2856500A1 (fr) 2015-01-26
US20150027497A1 (en) 2015-01-29
AU2014203735A1 (en) 2015-02-12
US20200290097A1 (en) 2020-09-17
JP6545441B2 (ja) 2019-07-17
HUE036204T2 (hu) 2018-06-28
CA2856500C (fr) 2021-11-09
EP2829327A1 (fr) 2015-01-28
US11648593B2 (en) 2023-05-16
JP2015025201A (ja) 2015-02-05
CN104404431B (zh) 2019-04-09

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