EP2804705B1 - Press for direct extrusion of metal products - Google Patents

Press for direct extrusion of metal products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2804705B1
EP2804705B1 EP13710020.2A EP13710020A EP2804705B1 EP 2804705 B1 EP2804705 B1 EP 2804705B1 EP 13710020 A EP13710020 A EP 13710020A EP 2804705 B1 EP2804705 B1 EP 2804705B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extrusion
shear
axis
die
press
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13710020.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2804705A1 (en
Inventor
Paolo FRATERNALE
Ennio NALETTO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
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Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/212—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/04—Cutting-off or removing waste

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a press for the direct extrusion of metal section bars, obtained from the extrusion of billets, provided with shear for cutting the bottom.
  • Direct extrusion presses essentially comprise a main cylinder which serves the task of providing the push or force required to deform a billet.
  • Billets are the starting product on which the process of extrusion is carried out, and may consist of metals or alloys, such as aluminium, copper, brass, steel, etc. The cross-sections thereof may differ in diameter.
  • aluminium has a specific pressure between 50 and 80 kg/mm 2 , according to the force of the press and the cross-section of the billet.
  • the maximum extrusion speeds achievable also differ based on the metal to be extruded: for example, aluminium may be extruded with die crossing speeds between 0 and 30 mm/sec, copper and brass with speeds between 0 and 65 mm/sec, steel with speeds between 0 and 400 mm/sec.
  • Essential elements forming extrusion presses are a main cylinder which, through a pressing stem, pressurizes the billet inside a container and then causes it to cross the hole of a die.
  • a shear is provided at the end of the extrusion of the billet, with the task of cutting the last stretch of billet, called "bottom", which remained upstream of the die because the billet impurities are conveyed therein.
  • the bottom remains attached to the die itself and is removed and caused to fall by means of the action of a shear with a top-downwards cutting movement orthogonal to the billet axis.
  • JP8033917 and JP8010831 disclose solutions for fixing the shear to the press in which the shear is firmly anchored to the reaction crosspiece of the press by means of a frame arranged overhangingly above the die pack.
  • the structure for anchoring the shear with the reaction crosspiece of the press is therefore staggered by a given distance with respect to the cutting cross-section, which, during shearing, causes a bending moment on the anchoring structure given by the product of the cutting force multiplied by the distance from the surface of the crosspiece to which the anchoring structure is fixed.
  • such a residual protruding material prevents an effective gripping between the container and the die, thus leaving a gap through which the material partly escapes from the successive billet to be extruded, thus causing a waste of material and the need to manage such escapes during the activity of the press.
  • Document US3220237 which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, describes an extrusion press provided with a shear mounted on two longitudinal columns of the press along which the shear may carry out a very limited sliding amplitude, within millimeters, in order to calibrate the position of the cutting plane of the shear knife.
  • Sliding is only manually controlled by means of tightening a nut about a threaded rod, an operation which is insufficient to free up the area above the plane where contact occurs between the die and the container, thus an increased length of the columns is to be provided to allow the extraction of the container from the press.
  • the sliding of the shear is only possible outside the working cycle of the press, for example during maintenance operations, while it is not possible to carry it out during the working cycle.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a press equipped with a shear for the direct extrusion of metal products which overcomes the above-mentioned problems and improves the cutting quality of the bottom, thus generating precise and planar cutting surfaces, thus ensuring complete cleaning of the die surface from the bottom, so as to prevent residues of extruded material on the die.
  • Another object of the invention is to ensure a clean gripping surface, between die and container, without any flashes so as to prevent discontinuity through which the billet, which is then extruded, may escape thus causing a loss of material and the formation of further flashes.
  • Another, no less important object of the invention is the one of providing an extrusion press which is compact while ensuring easy maintenance operations.
  • a press for extrusion of a metal product in particular a billet, in which an extrusion axis is defined and which, according to claim 1 comprises: a main cylinder arranged at a first end of the press with respect to the extrusion axis and comprising a piston, a movable crosspiece, mounted on the piston of said main cylinder, a pressing stem coaxial to and actuated by the main cylinder piston, a container having a through hole therein coaxial to the axis and configured to contain the billet during an extrusion operation, a reaction crosspiece, arranged at a second end of the press in relation to the extrusion axis, having a through hole coaxial to the axis to allow the passage of the metal product after the extrusion operation, having an extrusion die, with a hole coaxial to the axis and a pressing ring, arranged between the die and the reaction crosspiece
  • the shear is mounted on the longitudinal columns and more precisely, on the cases of the columns, in a preferred embodiment.
  • the structure which restrains the shear to the columns may be equipped with sliding blocks due to which longitudinal movement can be carried out along the columns themselves by means of suitable sliding guides and controlled for example by means of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or rack cylinders. Due to such a coupling mode, the shear may be arranged in different axial positions along the columns also during the course of extrusion.
  • the shear may be moved parallel to the axis of the columns of the press, and as an approach space for the shear is provided close to the reaction crosspiece, the shear can avoid being a hindrance during the operation for changing the container: indeed, it is possible to retract it within the volume space of the die thus freeing up the space in front of the end plane of the die, thus making a larger space available to carry out the extraction of the container from the top since the shear is no longer a hindrance.
  • This further allows the columns to be shortened by a quantity equal to the thickness of the protuberance of the shear structure with respect to the die.
  • the solution of the invention allows both movement outside of the working cycle, in which the shear is moved to allow the extraction of the container for maintenance, and during the working cycle, in which the shear is moved from the cutting line during the extrusion step to make room for the container and the related crosspiece.
  • a further advantage of the invention consists in the possibility of automatically controlling the axial sliding of the shear during the working cycle, but without excluding the possibility of also automating the movement during maintenance.
  • a direct extrusion press may be provided with columns, and accordingly the entire structure, which are shorter in length with respect to known presses, thus ensuring increased rigidity of the press and improved quality of the extrusion product.
  • the direct extrusion press of the invention comprises a main cylinder 1, a pressing stem 2 which extends the main cylinder piston 1 and is about the same in diameter as billet 7, before the extrusion operation.
  • the pressing stem 2 serves the purpose of transmitting the extrusion pressure generated by the main cylinder 1 onto the billet to cause it to pass inside the axial hole 3' of container 3.
  • the diameter of this hole 3' is substantially equal to billet 7 before extrusion so that it does not place resistance to the passage of the billet when it is pushed by the pressing stem 2 against die 4.
  • a pressing block 2' which serves to seal hole 3' of the container and prevent metal leakage from the inlet.
  • Container 3 serves the purpose of laterally containing billet 7 during the extrusion process, and of totally guiding the metal flow inside die 4.
  • Container 3 is kept heated with heating temperatures which depend on the metal to be processed, for example for aluminium it is kept at temperatures of about 450 °C.
  • Die 4 consists of a threader with a machined middle hole shaped like the cross-section of the linear product to be obtained at the end of extrusion.
  • the cross-section of the surface of the shape of the middle hole of die 4 is smaller than the area of the cross-section of billet 7 before extrusion.
  • the flow of the metal mass crosses die 4 under the pushing force exerted by the main cylinder 1 on the rear end of billet 7 thus taking the shape of the cross-section wanted, and lengthening and forming bars also more than 100 m long. Due to the principle of the conservation of mass, the end bar will have the same weight as the billet introduced into the container less the bottom, while its length will be defined according to the area of its end crosswise cross-section with respect to the initial one of billet 7.
  • the structure of the extrusion press 100 comprises a reaction crosspiece 5 on which a pressing ring 10 is mounted coaxially to the extrusion axis, which serve the purpose of countering the force of the main cylinder 1 exerted on the billet, thus transmitting it to the columns 9', 9" of the structure, and also to the columns 9 iii and 9 iv not shown in fig. 1 .
  • the longitudinal columns 9', 9", 9 iii and 9 iv are preferably four in number and comprise the pre-tensioned tie rods 16', 16", 16 iii , 16 iv closed within respective cases 17', 17", 17 iii , 17 iv which also serve as spacers between the two crosspieces 5 and 15 of the extrusion press 100. Head 5 is thereby rigidly connected to the support of the main cylinder 1.
  • the structure of shear 6 is restrained to the cases 17' and 17 iii of at least two of the columns, for example of the two upper columns 9' and 9 iii , by means of restraints which during the cutting operation, only allow it to develop a reaction which is vertical to the cut, which is released onto the columns of the press; due to such restraints, the shear is precisely fixed on the vertical of the cutting plane and is in perfectly orthogonal position to axis X; thereby, the cut obtained is perfectly linear and has no material residuals.
  • a second variant of the invention provides that shear 6 is restrained for example to cases 17' and 17 iii of the upper columns 9' the 9 iii by means of a kinematic coupling which allows it to slide longitudinally along the columns 9' and 9 iii , but keeps it stable in a middle position between the two cases 17' and 17 iii in direction parallel and crosswise to axis X, thus allowing the execution of the cutting movement along the direction of arrow Z.
  • This is obtained by means of the sliding blocks 18' and 18" integral to the shear structure which slide within two longitudinal guides 13', 13" parallel to the extrusion axis X, integral with a respective column 9', 9".
  • blade 12 of the shear may be positioned precisely on the vertical of the cutting plane and in position perfectly orthogonal to axis X, thus also minimizing in this case the bending moment which acts on the structure of shear 6 during the cutting, which values are much lower than the ones generated with shear configurations of the state of the art.
  • a movement system is provided (not shown in the figures) for sliding shear 6 along the guides 13, for example made by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or through a rack, controlled in a completely automated manner. This coupling of shear 6 allows it to be positioned in different axial positions along the columns also during extrusion.
  • shear 6 on the extrusion press 100 is carried out in the following way.
  • the position of shear 6 is the quiescent one shown in fig. 3 .
  • container 3 and the pressing stem 2 retract with respect to die 4, i.e. they move to the left with reference to the view of fig. 1 or to the right with reference to fig. 3 , thus moving along axis X.
  • shear 6 is caused to slide in direction of arrow X' until it reaches the working position, as shown in fig.
  • shear 6 Since the structure of shear 6 is fixed to the cases 17', 17 iii of the columns in an area immediately above the bottom to be cut, the cutting operation occurs without any significant bending moments on the structure of shear 6, thus ensuring a completely planar and precise cut which does not leave material surpluses protruding from the surface of the die because it is perfectly flush with the top surface of die 4 and therefore it allows a perfect contact surface of the container on the die at each billet extrusion cycle after the bottom cut.
  • die 4 is restrained to the reaction crosspiece 5 so as to leave a sufficient approach space above die 4 in axial direction to house shear 6 without it protruding past the cutting plane and therefore without it being intersected by the cutting plane when it is in a position proximal to the reaction crosspiece 5 which corresponds to the quiescent position.
  • the guides 13 are designed with a limited length which simply allows shear 6 to go from the working position shown in figure 5 , when the press is in extrusion activity and shear 6 cuts the bottom, to the quiescent position shown in figure 3 , when shear 6 is in inactive position above die 4 and it is easier to replace container 3 in this position since all the vertical volume band of shear 6 between die 4 and container 3 remains free, unlike known solutions of the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shearing Machines (AREA)
EP13710020.2A 2012-01-19 2013-01-18 Press for direct extrusion of metal products Active EP2804705B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000053A ITMI20120053A1 (it) 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 Pressa di estrusione diretta per prodotti metallici
PCT/IB2013/050474 WO2013108222A1 (en) 2012-01-19 2013-01-18 Press for direct extrusion of metal products

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2804705A1 EP2804705A1 (en) 2014-11-26
EP2804705B1 true EP2804705B1 (en) 2016-03-30

Family

ID=45998447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13710020.2A Active EP2804705B1 (en) 2012-01-19 2013-01-18 Press for direct extrusion of metal products

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20140373591A1 (it)
EP (1) EP2804705B1 (it)
CN (1) CN104080553B (it)
IT (1) ITMI20120053A1 (it)
RU (1) RU2577663C1 (it)
WO (1) WO2013108222A1 (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019134506B3 (de) * 2019-12-16 2021-03-25 Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH Strangpresse

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUB20159680A1 (it) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-16 Turla S R L Rilevamento automatico dimensione pacco matrice.
CN106180238A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-07 无锡市源昌机械制造有限公司 安装多功能工作端盖的挤压机
CN106739124B (zh) * 2016-12-09 2019-02-15 西安麦特沃金液控技术有限公司 微晶铜球全自动液压成型机
JP7417586B2 (ja) * 2018-07-25 2024-01-18 グラフテック インターナショナル ホールディングス インコーポレイティド 押出プレス機及び押出方法
CN109550802A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-02 江西福格新能源传动技术有限公司 一种差速器齿轮轴向分流冷挤压成形装置与方法
CN114210753B (zh) * 2021-12-09 2023-11-03 佛山市现代铜铝型材有限公司 一种传输效率高的生产铝型材的流水线设备
DE102023104739A1 (de) 2022-11-14 2024-05-16 Sms Group Gmbh Pressrestschere sowie Verfahren zum Abscheren eines Pressrestes

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3220237A (en) 1962-01-29 1965-11-30 Farrel Corp Adjustable shear mounting for a hydraulic extrusion press
DE1983024U (de) 1968-01-31 1968-04-11 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Apparatur zur textilanfaerbung mittels farbbaedern.
JPS5454958A (en) 1977-10-07 1979-05-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Diestem guide for indirect press
JPS55148809U (it) 1979-04-12 1980-10-27
JPS5737507U (it) 1980-08-07 1982-02-27
DE3120641A1 (de) 1980-05-24 1982-04-01 Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo Indirekte strangpresse
EP0042260B1 (en) 1980-06-12 1984-05-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Pull-back type indirect extrusion press
EP0154463B1 (en) 1984-02-25 1988-01-07 KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOBE SEIKO SHO also known as Kobe Steel Ltd. Indirect extrusion press
IT1251438B (it) 1991-10-24 1995-05-09 Gian Matteo Tornese Pressa per estrusione di metalli, con cesoia per il taglio di fondelli di profilati estrusi
JPH07323329A (ja) 1994-05-31 1995-12-12 Ube Ind Ltd 押出プレスのディスカード切断方法および装置
JP2005537133A (ja) 2002-07-11 2005-12-08 エス エム エス オイムコ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 押出機及び押出成形法
WO2010060753A1 (en) 2008-11-03 2010-06-03 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Multifunctional extruding press with multiple equipment and extrusion method thereof
CN101862761A (zh) 2009-04-15 2010-10-20 宇部兴产机械株式会社 挤压机

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SU379301A1 (ru) * 1971-07-27 1973-04-20 Псесоюзная
US4365497A (en) * 1977-10-07 1982-12-28 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Intermediate frame type indirect extrusion press
JPS5728615A (en) * 1980-07-25 1982-02-16 Kobe Steel Ltd Indirect extrusion press provided with intermediate frame
SU1090470A1 (ru) * 1982-10-22 1984-05-07 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Тяжелого Машиностроения Производственного Объединения "Уралмаш" Устройство дл отделени и передачи пресс-шайбы к горизонтальному прессу
JPH0833917B2 (ja) 1986-05-23 1996-03-29 日本電信電話株式会社 知的会話処理による図形入力処理装置
JPH0810831B2 (ja) 1987-06-11 1996-01-31 日本電気株式会社 並列比較型ａ―ｄ変換回路
CN2171429Y (zh) * 1992-09-28 1994-07-13 无锡县胜华冶金机械厂 卧式液压挤压机
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Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3220237A (en) 1962-01-29 1965-11-30 Farrel Corp Adjustable shear mounting for a hydraulic extrusion press
DE1983024U (de) 1968-01-31 1968-04-11 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Apparatur zur textilanfaerbung mittels farbbaedern.
JPS5454958A (en) 1977-10-07 1979-05-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Diestem guide for indirect press
JPS55148809U (it) 1979-04-12 1980-10-27
US4424696A (en) 1980-05-24 1984-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Indirect extrusion press
DE3120641A1 (de) 1980-05-24 1982-04-01 Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo Indirekte strangpresse
EP0042260B1 (en) 1980-06-12 1984-05-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Pull-back type indirect extrusion press
JPS5737507U (it) 1980-08-07 1982-02-27
EP0154463B1 (en) 1984-02-25 1988-01-07 KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOBE SEIKO SHO also known as Kobe Steel Ltd. Indirect extrusion press
IT1251438B (it) 1991-10-24 1995-05-09 Gian Matteo Tornese Pressa per estrusione di metalli, con cesoia per il taglio di fondelli di profilati estrusi
JPH07323329A (ja) 1994-05-31 1995-12-12 Ube Ind Ltd 押出プレスのディスカード切断方法および装置
JP2005537133A (ja) 2002-07-11 2005-12-08 エス エム エス オイムコ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 押出機及び押出成形法
WO2010060753A1 (en) 2008-11-03 2010-06-03 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Multifunctional extruding press with multiple equipment and extrusion method thereof
CN101862761A (zh) 2009-04-15 2010-10-20 宇部兴产机械株式会社 挤压机

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019134506B3 (de) * 2019-12-16 2021-03-25 Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH Strangpresse
EP3838434A1 (de) * 2019-12-16 2021-06-23 Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH Strangpresse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20120053A1 (it) 2013-07-20
CN104080553B (zh) 2016-07-06
CN104080553A (zh) 2014-10-01
RU2577663C1 (ru) 2016-03-20
WO2013108222A1 (en) 2013-07-25
EP2804705A1 (en) 2014-11-26
US20140373591A1 (en) 2014-12-25

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