EP2776378A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung transparenter keramikgegenstände mittels wirbelschichtgranulation - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung transparenter keramikgegenstände mittels wirbelschichtgranulation

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Publication number
EP2776378A1
EP2776378A1 EP12783242.6A EP12783242A EP2776378A1 EP 2776378 A1 EP2776378 A1 EP 2776378A1 EP 12783242 A EP12783242 A EP 12783242A EP 2776378 A1 EP2776378 A1 EP 2776378A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
producing
transparent ceramic
pressing
ceramic
green body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12783242.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lars Schnetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec ETEC GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec ETEC GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec ETEC GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec ETEC GmbH
Publication of EP2776378A1 publication Critical patent/EP2776378A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/115—Translucent or transparent products
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing transparent ceramic articles with a RIT> 10% in the Wellassinbereic between 300 nm and 4000 nm with a wall thickness of the ceramic objects of 2 mm.
  • Such ceramic objects can be used, for example, in ballistics, because the desired transparency can be achieved with high hardness at the same time. Further possible uses are e.g. given in the optical range.
  • the pore volume and in particular the pore distribution are inferior in the conventional press molding than in the wet molding methods.
  • granulation is important. Only when an optimal granulate is present, it is possible to produce a defect-free material.
  • the granulate used in most cases is the spray granules Due to its method of production, the spray granules have a relatively high percentage of pores and have a non-uniform structure because the outer shell of the granulate is exposed to significantly higher product temperatures than the granule center. In addition, there is always a diffusion of the water out of the interior of the granulate to the outside, so that there is a gradual density progression within the respective garnet. In most cases, even a hollow area arises within the granulate, which does not completely equalize when the granules are sprayed can be,
  • a method for producing a transparent ceramic having a RIT> 40% in a relatively small light wavelength range between 800 ⁇ m and 650 nm is known from the Applicant's DE 10 2007 053 091 A1.
  • This known method uses a cyclic pressing of the Granules to a green body
  • each common ceramic granules eg has been produced by means of granulation by gravity, by freeze granulation or by fluidized bed granulation, a transparent ceramic object can be produced in said wavy region.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above, wherein it is possible with known Prozeßlechnilc by simple uniaxial or cold isostatic pressing a special ceramic granules to produce transparent ceramic objects in a wide Welleniangen Symposium.
  • 059 031 A1 is disclosed - would be required for the preparation of the corresponding green body.
  • the method according to the invention is also particularly advantageously suitable for the production of transparent ceramic articles with ballistic protective shadows.
  • the transparent ceramic articles are, for example, vehicle windows or infrared radar groups.
  • the fluidized bed granulation has an optimization potential, which makes it possible to produce granules in one of the very costly and therefore only used on a laboratory scale freezing granulation corresponding quality. It has surprisingly been found that the granules produced via the fluidized bed surprisingly have an improved deformation behavior and leave behind less porosity. A Voligranutatstrukur and a gradientenfreier structure of the granules are possible because no Temperaf urgradient produced by the inventive granulation process between the outer shell and the Granulatinrteren.
  • the granules produced according to the invention show optimum behavior when pressing the green bodies for the transparent ceramic articles, wherein, in contrast to cyclic pressing according to DE 10 2007 059 091 A1m, a simple non-cyclic pressing of the granules is possible in a particularly advantageous manner or takes place.
  • a small residual porosity of ⁇ 0.1% for conventional nontransparent ceramics hardly any advantages in terms of their properties In the transparent ceramic, however, the residual porosity makes the difference between Opazitat and transparency. This results in the special suitability of the process according to the invention for producing transparent ceramic articles.
  • the sealing-sintering temperature is lowered by more than 50X.
  • a higher Intelvordichtung is possible. This is essential for a transparent ceramic.
  • the required homogeneity can be achieved in an advantageous manner by conventional, simple, non-cyclical pressing.
  • the fluidized bed process is suitable for easily granulating in a plant, for example, more than 2000 tons per year, so that mass production suitability is given.
  • the fluidized bed process used according to the invention surprisingly offers the best suitability for the production of transparent ceramic backbones by simple, non-cyclic pressing of the granulation produced by electrostatic granulation
  • Fluidized bed granulation is the only process that solves the problem of economy and mass production by simple, non-cyclic pressing, resulting in the desired material properties.
  • the molded green body is then sintered and compacted.
  • the green body may either be pre-sintered and sintered, or sintered until the occurrence of closed porosity and then post-chipped.
  • the sintered body can be ground and polished to the desired optical gate to give RIT values of> 10%.
  • the invention includes all ceramic articles which are produced by means of the method according to the invention.
  • the geometries of the invention according to herzusteilten transparent ceramic objects are determined by the possibilities of green processing, such as CNC milling, cutting, twisting or the like.
  • the size responsible for the transparency (transparency) of the ceramics items being produced is the "true" in-line transmission (RIT) to be measured for the purpose of excluding scattered light from the detected intensity only with a very narrow aperture angle of approximately 0.5 °. , which is determined, for example, by light of the wavelength ⁇ 40 (red).
  • Ceramic articles produced according to the invention consist of a transparent polycrystalline ceramic which contains virtually no ( ⁇ 0.1%) glass phase and has a theoretical density of> 99.5, preferably> 99.9%.
  • all ceramic materials which have hardnesses of> 10GPa and become transparent at a porosity of ⁇ 0.1%.
  • Prerequisite are only starting materials with a purity of> 39% and a starting grain size of 10 000, preferably ⁇ 300 nm.
  • the ceramic should contain almost no porosity ( ⁇ 0.1%) to guarantee RtT values of> 10%, which is the clear difference to the known "translucent" ceramics, which are produced by press-forming, as for example in EP 1 458 304.
  • the granules produced by fluidized-bed granulation according to the invention are formed by dry pressing or by isostatic pressing, or a combination of both, to form the respective desired green body, followed by sintering and subsequent densification Hot isostatic pressing (HIP).
  • the HIP process can be carried out in various sintering atmospheres such as argon or in air or in vacuo.
  • the green body can also be conventionally pre-sintered and then nipped.
  • the sintering temperature and the HIP temperature depend on the raw material used and the shape. In order to achieve the desired transparency, in the case of the fore-end a re-sheeting is necessary; in the case of Sinterhippens the entire sintering takes place in a HIP oven.
  • the granules are then uniaxially pressed at 180 MPa into a 50 mm x 50 mm plate, which can be densely sintered at 1500 ° C due to its homogentate. Thereafter, a HIP process is also carried out at 1500 ° C. and 2000 bar After the HIP process, the measured density is 3.575 g / cnf, which is determined analogously to DIN EN 623-2 using the Archimedes method Density of> 99.9%. The high homogeneous density results in a RIT value of 83% - with 0.2% variation within the produced plate.
  • the granules produced are then uniaxially pressed at 150 MPa into a 50 mm x 50 mm plate which, due to its homogeneity, can be densely sintered at 1230 ° C. This is followed by a HIP process also at 1200 ° C and 2000 bar. After the HIP process, a measured density of> 3.98 g / cm 3 results. This represents a density of> 39.9%. The high homogeneous density results in a RIT value for a wall stir of 0.8 mm of> 40%.

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  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP12783242.6A 2011-11-10 2012-11-12 Verfahren zur herstellung transparenter keramikgegenstände mittels wirbelschichtgranulation Withdrawn EP2776378A1 (de)

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JP6341284B2 (ja) * 2014-08-08 2018-06-13 信越化学工業株式会社 透明セラミックスの製造方法
CN105732011A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2016-07-06 辽宁利永盛新材料有限公司 一种新型多功能硅藻土陶粒的制备方法
BR112019014894A2 (pt) * 2017-03-23 2020-03-03 Dso National Laboratories Material de proteção
CN109836089A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2019-06-04 辽宁法库陶瓷工程技术研究中心 一种多功能免烧型呼吸砖的制备方法
CN112299828A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-02 新沂市锡沂高新材料产业技术研究院有限公司 一种应用于5g太阳能手机的透明陶瓷背板的制备方法
KR102629372B1 (ko) * 2021-01-26 2024-01-29 닛폰 이트륨 가부시키가이샤 소결체

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WO2011077379A1 (fr) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen Poudre de granules de céramique
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WO2011077379A1 (fr) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen Poudre de granules de céramique
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DE102012220518A1 (de) 2013-05-16
BR112014011382A8 (pt) 2017-06-20
IL232543A0 (en) 2014-06-30
JP2015501775A (ja) 2015-01-19
BR112014011382A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
US20140374931A1 (en) 2014-12-25
KR20140103938A (ko) 2014-08-27
CN104220397A (zh) 2014-12-17
RU2014123398A (ru) 2015-12-20
IN2014CN04217A (zh) 2015-07-17
WO2013068576A1 (de) 2013-05-16

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