EP2769065B1 - Exhaust manifold for exhaust gases from a multi cylinder combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust manifold for exhaust gases from a multi cylinder combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2769065B1
EP2769065B1 EP12842530.3A EP12842530A EP2769065B1 EP 2769065 B1 EP2769065 B1 EP 2769065B1 EP 12842530 A EP12842530 A EP 12842530A EP 2769065 B1 EP2769065 B1 EP 2769065B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gases
common line
flow
guide element
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12842530.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2769065A1 (en
EP2769065A4 (en
Inventor
Dennis KONSTANZER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scania CV AB
Original Assignee
Scania CV AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania CV AB filed Critical Scania CV AB
Publication of EP2769065A1 publication Critical patent/EP2769065A1/en
Publication of EP2769065A4 publication Critical patent/EP2769065A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2769065B1 publication Critical patent/EP2769065B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/06—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving exhaust evacuation or circulation, or reducing back-pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a manifold for receiving exhaust gases from a multi-cylinder combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates also to a combustion engine provided with such a manifold.
  • Exhaust gases from multi-cylinder combustion engines are usually received in a manifold.
  • a manifold comprises branch lines which receive exhaust gases from the engine's cylinders and a common line which receives the exhaust gases from the respective branch lines.
  • branch lines which receive exhaust gases from the engine's cylinders
  • common line which receives the exhaust gases from the respective branch lines.
  • a known way of counteracting this disturbance is to provide the common line with constrictions close to the outlets into it from the branch lines, thereby raising the velocity of the exhaust gases and reducing their static pressure close to the outlets from the branch lines into the common line.
  • the reduced static pressure of the exhaust gases makes it possible for exhaust gases to be led out at a lower pressure from a branch line into the common line.
  • Providing the common line with constrictions does however have the disadvantage of increasing the flow losses of the exhaust gases in the common line.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a manifold for receiving exhaust gases from a combustion engine such that the risk of the type of exhaust flow disturbance called cross-leakage is substantially eliminated while at the same time the flow losses of the exhaust gases in the common line can be kept at a low level.
  • the guide element comprises an edge portion where the contact of the exhaust gases with the guide element ceases. Relief vortices inevitably occur downstream of the edge portion.
  • the guide element is therefore provided with a hole so that part of the exhaust gases can pass through to the leeside of the guide element. The negative pressure on the leeside of the guide element is thus reduced, with consequent reduction in the magnitude of the relief vortices and hence reduction of the losses of the exhaust gases in the common line when they flow past the guide element.
  • the guide element may be provided with more than one hole.
  • the guide element protrudes into the common line so as to cause a reduction of the order of 10-40% in the cross-section for the flow of exhaust gases.
  • a reduction of flow cross-section may increase the velocity of the exhaust gases markedly and lower their static pressure to a level at which the risk of cross-leakage is substantially eliminated without causing too much resistance to their flow when they pass the guide element.
  • the guide element is with advantage so positioned as to mainly reduce the flow cross-section for the exhaust gases on the side of the common line where the outlet aperture of the second branch line is situated.
  • the guide element is with advantage positioned substantially immediately upstream of the outlet aperture into the common line with respect to the direction of exhaust flow in the common line.
  • the exhaust gases in the common line will thus flow past the outlet aperture of the second branch line at a distance which is defined by how far the guide element protrudes into the common line.
  • a further result is a region downstream of the guide element where the exhaust gases from the second branch line can be led into the common line.
  • Such a guide element also tends to prevent exhaust gases from the second branch line from moving in an undesired direction in the common line.
  • the guide element comprises a first guide surface which is adapted to being encountered by part of the exhaust gases flowing in the common line and which has a slope such that it progressively reduces the cross-section for the flow of exhaust gases close to the second outlet aperture.
  • This progressive reduction in the flow cross-section means that the flow losses of the exhaust gases in the flow-reducing region can be kept at a low level.
  • Said hole may have a cross-section amounting to 5-15% of that of the first guide surface. With such a hole, a relatively small proportion of the exhaust gases reaching the guide element will pass through to its leeside but will in most cases be sufficient to reduce the exhaust vortices which occur downstream of the guide element.
  • the guide element comprises a second guide surface which is adapted to guiding the exhaust gases when they are led into the common line from the second branch line and which has a slope substantially parallel with the direction of flow of the exhaust gases leaving the second branch line.
  • the second branch line has with advantage a certain curvature close to its outlet aperture into the common line so that the exhaust gases leaving it are led in a direction which at least partly corresponds to their intended direction of flow in the common line.
  • the guide element has a substantially constant wall thickness, in which case the first and second guide surfaces will be substantially parallel.
  • a guide element may with advantage have a relatively simple configuration. Its wall thickness may be thinner than that of the branch lines and the common line. It may take the form of a tubular portion of the second branch line which protrudes into the common line. During a process of manufacturing the manifold, this tubular portion may be inserted through an aperture in the common line to a position at which it protrudes into an appropriate section of the common line, followed by the branch line and the common line being connected together by welding or some other fastening method.
  • the guide element may take the form of a separate unit fastened inside the common line by a suitable fastening method. Such a separate guide element may be provided with individually formed first and second guide surfaces.
  • the manifold comprises at least three branch lines leading exhaust gases from three cylinders to the common line.
  • the more cylinders of the combustion engine are connected to a common line the more difficult it becomes to prevent mutual overlap of the opening times of the exhaust valves of two cylinders.
  • a manifold receiving exhaust gases from four cylinders it is substantially impossible to prevent mutual overlap of the opening times of the exhaust valves of the various cylinders.
  • Fig. 1 depicts schematically a combustion engine 1 with four cylinders 2a-d.
  • the exhaust gases from the engine's cylinders are received in a manifold.
  • the manifold comprises four branch lines 3a-d which each receive exhaust gases from one of the four cylinders.
  • the manifold comprises a common line 4 which receives exhaust gases from the branch lines.
  • the common line 4 leads into an exhaust line 5 which may lead the exhaust gases to a turbine of a turbo unit.
  • the exhaust flow from the engine's respective cylinders 2a-d is controlled by at least one exhaust valve which is arranged to be movable between closed and open states.
  • Each of the cylinders 2a-d are often provided with two exhaust valves to facilitate the exhaust flow from the cylinders.
  • a guide element 7 is provided in each of the connecting regions where the branch lines 3b-d have outlet apertures 3b 1 -3d 1 which lead exhaust gases out into the common line 4.
  • Fig. 2 depicts in more detail the connecting region where the branch line 3c leads exhaust gases out into the common line 4.
  • the guide element 7 is situated in the common line immediately upstream of the branch line's outlet aperture 3c 1 into the common line with respect to the intended direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the common line.
  • the guide element has a clear edge portion 7d which protrudes a certain distance into the common line so as to reduce the cross-section for the flow of exhaust gases in the common line close to the connecting region.
  • the resulting reduction in the flow cross-section of the common line may be of the order of 10-40%.
  • the guide element may for example reduce the flow cross-section by 30%.
  • the guide element is so positioned as to mainly reduce the cross-section for the flow of exhaust gases on the side of the common line where the branch line has its outlet aperture 3c 1 .
  • the guide element has a first guide surface 7a adapted to being encountered by the exhaust gases flowing in the common line. This first guide surface is at an angle to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the common line which subjects them to a relatively gentle change of direction when they encounter the guide element.
  • the guide element thus reduces the flow cross-section in the connecting region between the common line and the branch line.
  • the exhaust gases in the common line thus assume an increased flow velocity in the connecting region and a reduced static pressure which diminishes their tendency to flow down into the branch line.
  • the guide element 7 has a second guide surface 7b intended to lead the exhaust gases into the common line 4 from the branch line 3c.
  • the branch line has a curvature upstream of its outlet aperture 3c 1 so that the exhaust gases led through the aperture assume a direction of flow at least partly corresponding to the main direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the common line.
  • This second guide surface substantially maintains continuity of the direction of flow of the exhaust gases for a certain distance into the common line.
  • the guide element takes the form of a relatively thin-walled element with a substantially constant wall thickness.
  • the first guide surface 7a and the second guide surface 7b are therefore parallel.
  • the guide element takes the form of an end portion of a pipe which constitutes the branch line 3c. It may alternatively take the form of a separate unit fastened in an appropriate way in the connecting region between the common line and the branch line.
  • the guide element 7 has running through it a hole 7c, the size of which is such that a small proportion of the exhaust gases flowing through the common line passes through said hole.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the plane A-A in Fig. 2 .
  • the hole is in this case circular and positioned substantially centrally on the first guide surface 7a.
  • the cross-section of the hole amounts to 5-15%, preferably 10%, of that of the first guide surface.
  • the hole serves as a short flow duct with in this case an extent substantially parallel with the main direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the common line. Alternatively it may have an extent which forms substantially a right angle with the first guide surface 7a and the second guide surface 7b.
  • a small proportion of the exhaust flow in the common line passes through the hole 7c in the guide element.
  • This exhaust flow through the hole raises the pressure on the leeside of the guide element, thereby reducing the magnitude of the exhaust vortex and hence the flow losses of the exhaust gases in the common line.
  • the exhaust flow through the hole shifts the exhaust vortex 8 a certain distance downstream away from the guide element to a location substantially above the branch line's outlet aperture 3c 1 into the common line and particularly above a downstream portion of the outlet aperture where there is greatest risk that exhaust gases from the common line might make their way down into the branch line.
  • the exhaust vortex is at this location it thus very effectively prevents the exhaust flow in the common line from being led down into the branch line.
  • the invention is in no way restricted to the embodiment described above but may be varied freely within the scopes of the claims.
  • the shape of the guide element may for example be varied, as also the number of holes in it and the shape and position of the hole.
  • the number of cylinders which connect to a common line via branch lines may also vary, and in its simplest form the engine may have only two cylinders which connect to a common line.
  • V8 engines for example usually have two common lines each which connect to the respective bank of cylinders on their respective side of the engine. In such a configuration it is appropriate for each common line to be configured as in the example described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
EP12842530.3A 2011-10-20 2012-10-10 Exhaust manifold for exhaust gases from a multi cylinder combustion engine Active EP2769065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1150971A SE539038C2 (sv) 2011-10-20 2011-10-20 Grenrör för mottagning av avgaser från en flercylindrig förbränningsmotor
PCT/SE2012/051082 WO2013058700A1 (en) 2011-10-20 2012-10-10 Exhaust manifold for exhaust gases from a multi cylinder combustion engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2769065A1 EP2769065A1 (en) 2014-08-27
EP2769065A4 EP2769065A4 (en) 2015-07-15
EP2769065B1 true EP2769065B1 (en) 2016-12-14

Family

ID=48141170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12842530.3A Active EP2769065B1 (en) 2011-10-20 2012-10-10 Exhaust manifold for exhaust gases from a multi cylinder combustion engine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2769065B1 (sv)
CN (1) CN103958848A (sv)
BR (1) BR112014009374A2 (sv)
SE (1) SE539038C2 (sv)
WO (1) WO2013058700A1 (sv)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE540745C2 (sv) 2014-09-03 2018-10-30 Scania Cv Ab Grenrör för mottagning av avgaser från en flercylindrig förbränningsmotor
USD1019504S1 (en) 2022-06-23 2024-03-26 Paccar Inc Exhaust manifold
US11933207B2 (en) 2022-06-23 2024-03-19 Paccar Inc Pulse turbo charging exhaust system

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2406656A (en) * 1939-04-04 1946-08-27 Fed Reserve Bank Exhaust energy converting means for internal-combustion engines
US3543509A (en) * 1968-07-19 1970-12-01 Outboard Marine Corp Engine exhaust system
US4796426A (en) * 1982-07-06 1989-01-10 Feuling James J High efficiency transition element positioned intermediate multi-cylinder exhaust system and secondary pipe assemblies
JP3444308B2 (ja) * 1994-02-25 2003-09-08 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 排気集合装置及びその製造方法
JPH08200056A (ja) * 1995-01-20 1996-08-06 Toyota Motor Corp エキゾーストマニホールド
JP2000104545A (ja) * 1998-09-25 2000-04-11 Kubota Corp 複数の気筒を備えたエンジンの排気マニホールド
JP2000145446A (ja) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-26 Nippon Soken Inc 内燃機関の排気装置
JP2001082141A (ja) * 1999-09-16 2001-03-27 Trust:Kk 集合排気管における排気ガス整流装置
US7171805B2 (en) * 2005-04-20 2007-02-06 Daimlerchrysler Corporation Deflector style exhaust manifold
US8347615B2 (en) * 2006-06-07 2013-01-08 Ford Global Technologies Exhaust flow director and catalyst mount for internal combustion engine
EP2047072A4 (en) * 2006-08-04 2011-11-23 Borgwarner Inc MULTIFUNCTIONAL VALVE FOR USE IN AN EXHAUST AIR VENTILATION SYSTEM
JP4380670B2 (ja) * 2006-08-10 2009-12-09 トヨタ自動車株式会社 自動車後部構造
US7832205B2 (en) * 2007-06-11 2010-11-16 Chrysler Group Llc Deflector style exhaust manifold
JP4332756B2 (ja) * 2007-12-25 2009-09-16 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2769065A1 (en) 2014-08-27
EP2769065A4 (en) 2015-07-15
SE1150971A1 (sv) 2013-04-21
SE539038C2 (sv) 2017-03-28
WO2013058700A1 (en) 2013-04-25
CN103958848A (zh) 2014-07-30
BR112014009374A2 (pt) 2017-04-18

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