EP2753566A1 - Dispositif de préhension ou de blocage et procédé de manipulation d'objets - Google Patents

Dispositif de préhension ou de blocage et procédé de manipulation d'objets

Info

Publication number
EP2753566A1
EP2753566A1 EP12766606.3A EP12766606A EP2753566A1 EP 2753566 A1 EP2753566 A1 EP 2753566A1 EP 12766606 A EP12766606 A EP 12766606A EP 2753566 A1 EP2753566 A1 EP 2753566A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nanostructure
receiving surface
section
passage opening
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12766606.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harald Kuolt
Florian Fritz
Thomas Eisele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J Schmalz GmbH
Original Assignee
J Schmalz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Schmalz GmbH filed Critical J Schmalz GmbH
Publication of EP2753566A1 publication Critical patent/EP2753566A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/06—Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means
    • B25J15/0616—Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means with vacuum
    • B25J15/0683—Details of suction cup structure, e.g. grooves or ridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0231—Special lip configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/06—Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means
    • B25J15/0616—Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means with vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0256—Operating and control devices
    • B66C1/0268—Venturi effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gripping and clamping devices for fixing objects, as well as methods for handling objects.
  • Known gripping and clamping devices generally have a receiving surface, which faces this for fixing an object.
  • a vacuum guide in a suction opening in the receiving surface, through which an object can be sucked to the receiving surface.
  • the invention has for its object to support the handling process of an article and to reduce the aforementioned adverse effects.
  • an energy-saving and reliable handling of objects should be made possible.
  • This has a base with a receiving surface, which is for fixing an object facing this.
  • the base also has a passage guide, which opens into a passage opening in the receiving surface.
  • the receiving surface of such a gripping or tensioning device has at least one nanostructure section, on which a multiplicity of nanostructure elements are arranged.
  • passage opening fixing forces can be exerted on the object to be fixed in the device according to the invention, for example, suction forces.
  • other functions can be provided by the passage opening, for example, a detachment force to detach a fixed object are exercised.
  • the passage opening is in particular designed such that a gaseous medium can flow through. It is conceivable, e.g. an embodiment in which gas is sucked through the passage opening of the side facing the object to be fixed side of the receiving surface (suction). Also possible is an embodiment in which gas can be blown through the passage opening to the object (in particular as a Bernoulli nozzle or as a blow-off opening).
  • the nanostructure section can extend over the entire receiving surface or extend only in sections over the receiving surface.
  • the base part may be formed such that the receiving surface is deformable and can be applied to the fixing of an object.
  • the receiving surface can also be rigid.
  • the nanostructure section can be arranged on the (rigid or deformable) receiving surface in such a way that the nanostructure section can come into contact with it when fixing the article.
  • the nanostructure elements are preferably designed in such a way that, upon contact of the nanostructure section with the object, the static friction forces on the object are increased (compared with a contact between the object and the receiving surface in the region of the nanostructure section without nanostructure elements).
  • the nanostructure elements are in particular designed in such a way that, upon contact, an adhesion force can be exerted on the object, for example, forces can be achieved by utilizing van der Waals forces. This makes it possible to save energy during operation of the device, since, for example, a suction device can be switched off after fixing the object.
  • the nanostructure elements are formed, for example, like a rod or like a bristle, projecting from the nanostructure section of the receiving surface. If the object to be fixed comes into contact with such a nanostructure section, then the rod-shaped or pin-shaped nanostructure elements in the manner of brush hair touch the surface of the object and do not touch it with its (small) end faces but with at least a portion of its ( large) side surfaces. This provides a significantly increased contact area, which can lead to large adhesion forces (e.g., van der Waals forces). Possible embodiments of the nanostructure elements will be explained in more detail below.
  • the nanostructure section can also be arranged such that a gas flow (for example compressed air or extracted air) passing through the passage opening can be guided at least in sections by the nanostructure section.
  • a gas flow for example compressed air or extracted air
  • the nanostructure elements are preferably designed such that the flow resistance of the gas flow is reduced when a flow is conducted along the nanostructure section (compared with a gas flow guidance in the region of the nanostructure section without nanostructure elements). By lowering the flow resistance, energy can be saved.
  • the nanostructure elements are e.g. such rib-like or scaly formed that the flow resistance to the nanostructure section is lowered when it is flowed around in particular with a turbulent gas flow. This is based e.g. on the well-known, so-called “shark skin effect”.
  • At least one nanostructure section can be arranged in the region of the passage opening on the receiving surface, or in the mouth region of the passage guide.
  • the nanostructure section is designed to be electrically conductive such that the electrical conductivity of the nanostructure section changes as a function of a pressure acting on the nanostructure section.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by introducing into the material of the nanostructure section (which consists, for example, of a plastic which is in particular non-conductive) carbon nanotubes, in particular in the form of layers.
  • Such composite materials can have electrical properties which can be influenced by the pressure acting on the material and / or a mechanical deformation of the material.
  • Said embodiment allows a tactile gripping or clamping an object. In this respect, it can be recognized whether, for example, in the case of a vacuum gripping or clamping device when a workpiece is present, a sufficient negative pressure can be built up. However, it is also conceivable to respond to purely mechanical pressure.
  • the nanostructure section is preferably arranged such that it can come into contact with the article when it is fixed. Furthermore, said embodiment allows detection of whether the passage opening is flowed through by compressed air, for example.
  • the pressure dependence of the electrical conductivity of the nanostructure section can be achieved, in particular, by a corresponding configuration of the nanostructure elements.
  • the nanostructure elements are preferably designed such that the electrical properties of the nanostructure section (for example conductivity) change as a function of a pressure acting on the nanostructure section.
  • the nanostructure section may have measuring contacts for measuring the electrical conductivity. It is also conceivable that the device comprises a means for electrical conductivity measurement, which is electrically connected to the measuring contacts.
  • the nanostructure elements can be designed such that deposition of undesired dirt particles on or on the nanostructure section is prevented or reduced.
  • the shape of the nanostructure elements is preferably designed such that the said effect is achieved for particles with particle diameters in the range between 1 micron (fine dust) up to 100 micron (coarse dust).
  • a so-called "lotus effect" can be achieved, for example, by forming the nanostructure elements in the manner of papillae or suppositories. These may for example have a height in the range of a few hundred nanometers up to 20 micrometers and be arranged at a distance of also a few hundred nanometers up to 20 micrometers from each other.
  • Another cause of dirt deposition may be electrostatic charging of the receiving surface. This can be avoided or at least reduced by the fact that the nanostructure section or the nanostructure elements themselves are designed to be electrically conductive. As explained, for example, carbon nanotubes can be used for this purpose.
  • the passage opening need not necessarily serve to carry out a gaseous medium, such as compressed air.
  • a gaseous medium such as compressed air.
  • the device is designed as a vacuum gripping or clamping device, wherein the base part are configured as a suction body and the passage guide as a vacuum guide.
  • the receiving surface limits a suction chamber, which can be evacuated through the passage guide, when an object for fixing bears against the absorbent body.
  • the inventively designed vacuum gripping or clamping device can be used to save energy.
  • the flow resistance in the region of the passage opening can be reduced by means of the nanostructure section.
  • the energy consumption of vacuum gripping or clamping device is reduced in idle mode.
  • the nanostructure section can support adhesion by adhesion.
  • the reliability of the device can be increased by using corresponding nanostructure elements to prevent contamination of the receiving surface, as explained above. Furthermore, it can be reliably detected with appropriate design on the change in the electrical properties of the nanostructure section, whether an object is gripped or fixed.
  • the absorbent body is preferably deformable, in particular flexible, designed, so that the receiving surface may be at least partially in contact with the object to be fixed at a negative pressure prevailing in the suction chamber.
  • the nanostructure sections are preferably arranged in the contact region of the receiving surface.
  • the device according to the invention can also be designed as a Bernoulli gripper, as are basically known in the prior art (DE 199 48 572 A1, DE 103 19 272 A1, EP 1 429 373 A, EP 0 026 336 A, US Pat. No. 4,566,726 A, DE 10 2009 047 083 A1).
  • the passage opening is formed as a blow-out.
  • the exhaust opening is preferably designed as a nozzle or acts as such, so that in a known manner by air ejection, a suction effect on the object to be fixed can be exercised.
  • flow resistances in particular in the region of the blow-off opening, can be reduced, thus enabling an energy-saving and reliable operation of the Bernoulli gripper.
  • the passage opening can also be designed as a blow-off or blow-off nozzle for a fixed object.
  • the device in particular has a pressure connection, with which the passage guide is flow-connected.
  • the passage opening is formed such that by flowing a gas (e.g., compressed air) through the passage opening to the object side, a peeling force for peeling off a fixed object can be generated.
  • a gas e.g., compressed air
  • the device may have a displaceable plunger or piston.
  • the piston is preferably displaceable in the passage guide of the base between a detachment position, in which a portion of the piston protrudes through the passage opening on the receiving surface, and a retracted position.
  • the nanostructure elements are basically characterized by a characteristic structure length (height, width, distance from one another, edge length), the structure length being in the range of in particular between 10 nanometers or 1000 nanometers.
  • the nanostructure elements can be regularly arranged on the nanostructure section with distances which correspond to the characteristic structure length (for example, extension) of a nanostructure element or are of the same order of magnitude. However, it is also conceivable an irregular arrangement, in particular with average distances in the order of the said structure length.
  • the nanostructure elements may e.g. be cylindrical, conical, pyramidal or rod-shaped with a base and a measured perpendicular to the base structure height, which is for example in the range of 10 nanometers to 1000 nanometers.
  • Such nanostructure elements are preferably connected via their respective base surface to the nanostructure element or the receiving surface, in particular in one piece.
  • the nanostructure portion may be releasably attached to the receiving surface, for example, in the manner of a sticky film.
  • the nanostructure elements may advantageously comprise carbon nanotubes or sections of carbon nanotubes or be formed as carbon nanotubes.
  • the nanotubes can be arranged such that they protrude from the nanostructural element in a bristle-like manner. This makes it possible for the carbon nanotubes to bend like a bristle on contact and, with their long side sections, at least partially to rest on the object to be fixed. As a result, a considerably enlarged, effective contact surface is created and a large adhesive force is enabled.
  • the carbon nanotubes may also be inclined to the surface of the nanostructure portion, or arranged in the manner of a tile, for example to achieve a reduction of the flow resistance. Further, the carbon nanotubes may be layered on or in the nanostructure portion to achieve pressure dependent electrical conductivity of the nanostructure portion as discussed.
  • the object stated in the introduction is also achieved by a method for handling objects, in particular for gripping or clamping objects, according to claim 9 or claim 10.
  • a receiving surface facing the article is provided, which has at least one nanostructure section on which a multiplicity of nanostructure elements are arranged.
  • contact is made between at least one nanostructure section and the article.
  • the object can be fixed to the receiving surface by means of adhesion forces introduced over the nanostructure element.
  • a gas in particular compressed air, is ejected through a passage opening into a receiving opening in the receiving surface. Since the blowing takes place through the passage opening in the receiving surface, a reliable handling is possible.
  • the holding of the fixed object on the receiving surface itself is due to adhesion forces and thus requires no additional energy.
  • the object to be fixed is sucked through the passage opening in the receiving surface. Thereby, a contact between the at least one nanostructure portion of the receiving surface and the object can be made. With a suitable configuration of the nanostructure elements for exerting an adhesion force, the object can thus be fixed to the receiving surface.
  • the method is further improved, in particular, by inhibiting further aspiration of the article through the passage opening after production of a contact between article and nanostructure section.
  • a detection of the production of the contact for example, by a change in conductivity of the nanostructure portion due to the mechanical pressure by the sucked object (see above).
  • the suction is then inhibited due to the detection of a contact. This can save energy.
  • This handling method is further developed in that for detaching the fixed object, a detachment force is generated by the fact that a gas (in particular compressed air) is ejected through the passage opening.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are described in more detail below.
  • the suction gripper 10 has an absorbent body 14 made of an elastically deformable material (in particular plastic).
  • the absorbent body 14 is formed such that a suction chamber 16 is limited, which is evacuated upon contact of the workpiece 12 to the absorbent body 14 to fix the workpiece 12 by suction.
  • the absorbent body 14 has a receiving surface 18 delimiting the suction space 16. Furthermore, a suction passage 14 at least partially penetrating passage guide 20 is provided, which opens into a passage opening 22 in the receiving surface 18.
  • the suction chamber 16 When fitting the workpiece 12, the suction chamber 16 can be evacuated through the passage guide 20 for sucking the workpiece 12, for which purpose the passage guide 20 can be connected to a vacuum connection, not shown.
  • the absorbent body 14 For sealing contact of the absorbent body 14 with its receiving surface 18 on the workpiece 12, the absorbent body 14 has a sealing lip portion 24. This also contributes to the receiving surface 18 at.
  • First nanostructure sections 26 are arranged on the receiving surface 18 in the region of the passage opening 22.
  • Second nanostructure sections 28 are provided on the sealing lip sections 24 of the receiving surface 18.
  • the first nanostructure sections 26 have nanostructure elements which are designed such that the flow resistance of a gas flow passing through the passage opening 22 (for example compressed air or air extracted from the suction space 16) is reduced.
  • the nanostructure sections 28 have nanostructure elements which are designed to exert an adhesion force on the workpiece 12 when the sealing lip section 24 comes into contact with the workpiece 12.
  • the workpiece 12 can be gripped by the fact that the sealing lip portion 24 of the absorbent body 14 is placed on the workpiece 12 and the suction chamber 16 is evacuated through the passage opening 22. As a result, the nanostructure sections 28 are pressed against the surface of the workpiece 12. Due to the configuration of the nanostructure elements of the nanostructure section 28, an increased static friction force or adhesion force then acts between the sealing lip section 24 and the workpiece 12. On the one hand lateral slippage of the workpiece 12 can be avoided, on the other hand the adhesion force assists in fixing the workpiece 12 to the suction gripper 10.
  • the adhesive force applied by the nanostructure section 28 makes it possible, in particular, to prevent or switch off the vacuum supply of the suction space 16 after grasping the workpiece 12.
  • the workpiece 12 then remains fixed on the nanostructure section 28, if necessary, solely on the basis of the adhesion forces.
  • FIG. 2 An alternative possibility for detaching the workpiece 12 from the nanostructure sections 28 is sketched in FIG. 2 on the basis of a suction gripper 40.
  • a suction gripper 40 An alternative possibility for detaching the workpiece 12 from the nanostructure sections 28 is sketched in FIG. 2 on the basis of a suction gripper 40.
  • Figures 1 and 2 the same reference numerals are used for identical or corresponding components.
  • the suction pad 40 has a piston 42, which is displaceable in the passage guide 20.
  • the piston 42 can be displaced into a detachment position such that the workpiece 12 can be pushed away from the nanostructure section 28 by means of a contact section 44 of the piston 42.
  • the nanostructure sections 26, 28 may be conductive, wherein the conductivity changes due to a pressure acting on the nanostructure section 26, 28.
  • the pressure may have a mechanical cause (e.g., abutment of the workpiece 12 on the nanostructure section) or be due to gas pressure (e.g., a vacuum prevailing in the suction space 16).
  • gas pressure e.g., a vacuum prevailing in the suction space 16.
  • FIG. 1 for the suction gripper 10 that the nanostructure section 28 has two measuring contacts 30 for measuring the conductivity. This makes it possible to detect a conductivity change due to abutment of the workpiece 12 on the sealing lip portion 24.
  • Corresponding embodiments are also possible for other nanostructure sections 26.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de préhension ou de blocage (10; 40) pour fixer des objets (12), comprenant une partie principale (14) dotée d'une surface réceptrice (18) tournée vers l'objet (12) et sur laquelle ce dernier vient se fixer, la partie principale (14) présentant au moins un conduit de passage (20) débouchant par un orifice de passage (22) sur la surface réceptrice (18). Selon l'invention, la surface réceptrice (18) présente au moins une section nanostructurée (26, 28) sur laquelle est agencée une pluralité d'éléments nanostructurés. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de manipulation d'objets (12).
EP12766606.3A 2011-09-07 2012-09-06 Dispositif de préhension ou de blocage et procédé de manipulation d'objets Withdrawn EP2753566A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011082301 2011-09-07
PCT/EP2012/067399 WO2013034635A1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2012-09-06 Dispositif de préhension ou de blocage et procédé de manipulation d'objets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2753566A1 true EP2753566A1 (fr) 2014-07-16

Family

ID=46963677

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12766606.3A Withdrawn EP2753566A1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2012-09-06 Dispositif de préhension ou de blocage et procédé de manipulation d'objets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20140225391A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2753566A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140068159A (fr)
CN (1) CN103764537A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013034635A1 (fr)

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DE102014004723B4 (de) 2014-04-01 2021-12-16 Festo Se & Co. Kg Haltevorrichtung zum Festhalten von Gegenständen
DE102014212176A1 (de) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pulverbettbasiertes additives Fertigungsverfahren und Anlage zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
JP6472812B2 (ja) * 2014-10-10 2019-02-20 株式会社Ｆｕｊｉ 吸着ノズル
US10316220B2 (en) 2015-01-14 2019-06-11 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Controllable adhesive on conformable film for non-flat surfaces
US9838838B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2017-12-05 Apple Inc. Location determination using a companion device
KR102252242B1 (ko) 2015-07-13 2021-05-13 페스토 에스이 운트 코. 카게 진공 그립핑 장치 및 진공 그립핑 장치를 작동하기 위한 방법
CN105460594A (zh) * 2015-12-20 2016-04-06 重庆天和玻璃有限公司 弹性玻璃传输制止装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140225391A1 (en) 2014-08-14
CN103764537A (zh) 2014-04-30
KR20140068159A (ko) 2014-06-05
WO2013034635A1 (fr) 2013-03-14

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