EP2751494B1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil échangeur de chaleur liquide-air - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil échangeur de chaleur liquide-air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2751494B1
EP2751494B1 EP12758795.4A EP12758795A EP2751494B1 EP 2751494 B1 EP2751494 B1 EP 2751494B1 EP 12758795 A EP12758795 A EP 12758795A EP 2751494 B1 EP2751494 B1 EP 2751494B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
liquid
temperature
exchanger stage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12758795.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2751494A2 (fr
Inventor
Alexandr Sologubenko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mentus Holding AG
Original Assignee
Mentus Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mentus Holding AG filed Critical Mentus Holding AG
Publication of EP2751494A2 publication Critical patent/EP2751494A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2751494B1 publication Critical patent/EP2751494B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F2013/221—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate to avoid the formation of condensate, e.g. dew
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • F24F2013/225—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate by evaporating the condensate in the cooling medium, e.g. in air flow from the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a liquid-air heat exchange device.
  • the method is suitable for operating a liquid-air heat exchange apparatus having a passive heat exchange stage in which the air is passed through a first flow channel extending in the vertical direction and the liquid through a second flow channel, the two flow channels in this stage are separated by a thermally passive partition.
  • thermally passive means that the exchange of heat takes place without doing any work.
  • the flow channels contain a plurality of fins, which are in good thermal communication with the thermally passive partition. The distances between the fins in the air flow channel are small relative to the size of their surface, so that the heat exchange is efficient.
  • the air has a high relative humidity, it may happen, especially on hot summer days, that the dew point temperature of the air is higher than the temperature of the liquid. This causes moisture contained in the air to precipitate as condensate on the fins. Since the size of the heat exchange device is usually subject to narrow limits, it is difficult to form the slats so that the resulting water drips completely and drains, especially in vertical guidance of the air flow. As a result, the water increasingly clogs up the interstices between the lamellae and, as a result of the resulting air resistance, makes the further effective cooling of the air impossible.
  • Out GB 2461365 is a central heating system with at least one radiator known, which can also be used for cooling.
  • cooling mode the liquid circulating through the radiator is deprived of heat by means of a heat exchanger.
  • the extracted heat is released by means of a second heat exchanger to a heat storage.
  • the two heat exchangers are part of a compressor-driven heat pump.
  • the dew point of the air is detected, and when the detected dew point temperature approaches the temperature of the radiator, cooling performance is reduced.
  • the invention has for its object to solve the above problem.
  • the invention relates to the operation of a liquid-air heat exchange apparatus having a first flow channel for the air and a second flow channel for the liquid.
  • the heat exchange apparatus includes a first passive heat exchange stage in which the first flow channel and the second flow channel are separated by a thermally passive partition, and optionally a second active heat exchange stage in which the air is actively cooled, i. by pumping heat from one side to the other, cooled or heated.
  • the thermally passive partition consists of a heat-conducting material.
  • a suitable condensate drainage system is advantageously installed.
  • the first and second flow channels may also each be a plurality of parallel flow channels.
  • the air flow channel or channels contain lamellae.
  • the determination of the dew point temperature of the air from the measured temperature T and the measured humidity of the air can be done for example by means of a Mollier diagram.
  • h-x-diagram of the air h denotes the enthalpy, x the absolute humidity
  • the condition of whether the dew point temperature of the air is higher than the temperature of the liquid is checked periodically or aperiodically by performing the first part of the process.
  • pulsed operation periodically following a phase of accumulation, a phase of condensate removal follows by evaporation, while the cooling of the air continues uninterrupted.
  • pulsed operation allows for a temporary accumulation of water between the fins, it still prevents condensate blockage of the fins that would block the air flow, minimizing the water flow switch time and thereby increasing the efficiency of the faucet Heat exchange device.
  • the heat exchange device is equipped with the necessary temperature and humidity sensors.
  • the step of preventing the liquid from flowing through the first heat exchanging stage causes the Liquid also does not flow through the second heat exchange stage and that the second heat exchange stage is turned off, or the step of preventing the liquid from flowing through the first heat exchange stage, according to a second variant, causes the liquid to bypass the first heat exchange stage (Bypass). so that it can still flow through the second heat exchanger stage.
  • the Fig. 1 and 2 show schematically in side view and in plan the necessary for the understanding of the invention parts of a liquid-air heat exchange device 1 with a first, passive heat exchange stage 2 and, optionally, a downstream, active heat exchange stage 3.
  • the first heat exchange stage 2 comprises at least one, preferably a plurality of flow channels 4 for the air and at least one, preferably a plurality of flow channels 5 for the liquid.
  • the flow channels 4 for the air and the flow channels for the liquid 5 are arranged in alternating sequence and separated by thermally passive, heat well-conducting partitions.
  • the flow channels 4 for the air contain a plurality of fins 6, which are in good thermal communication with the thermally passive partitions. The distances between the fins 6 are small so that the heat exchange between the air and the liquid is efficient.
  • the flow channels 4 for the air in this example extend in the vertical direction.
  • the optional second, active heat exchange stage 3 can be designed in various ways. For example, it may include a refrigeration cycle with a compressor in which a cooling fluid circulates, with the air exchanging heat with the refrigeration circuit.
  • the second heat exchange stage 3 is designed so that heat between the liquid and the air can be exchanged by supplying electrical energy, namely by means of at least one Peltier element 10.
  • the second heat exchange stage 3 includes at least one flow channel 7 for the air, at least one flow channel 8 for the liquid and the at least one interposed Peltier element 10, which pumps heat from the liquid to the air when the air is to be heated, and which pumps heat from the air to the liquid when the air is to be cooled.
  • the liquid in this example does not undergo any change in state of aggregation.
  • the air flows between parallel blades 9, which are in good thermal contact with the at least one Peltier element 10.
  • the heat exchange device 1 also comprises a valve 11 and optionally a bypass line 12, whose purpose is described below.
  • thermoelectric element is often used in the art as a synonym, the term “thermoelectric element” or the term “Peltier heat pump”.
  • the thermoelectric elements are based in particular on the Peltier effect, but they can also be based on another thermoelectric effect, such as the principle known as thermo-tunneling ("thermo-tunneling").
  • the heat exchange device 1 has an inlet 13 and an outlet 14, which can be connected to an external fluid circuit.
  • the circulating liquid in the liquid circuit is heated or cooled by an external, central device to a predetermined temperature.
  • the liquid used is usually water or a water-based liquid; but it can also be used any other suitable liquid.
  • the flow channels 4 for the air extend in the vertical direction.
  • the flow channels for the liquid are designed as a conduit system which connects the inlet 13 and the outlet 14 with each other.
  • the heat exchange device 1 also includes a fan and the necessary baffles and guide elements for the positive guidance of the air through the first heat exchanger stage 2 and, if present, the second heat exchanger stage 3, and a flow 15 for condensate accumulating in the second heat exchanger stage 3.
  • the flow direction of the liquid is represented by arrows 16, the flow direction of the air by arrows 17.
  • the heat exchange device 1 further comprises the sensors necessary for the operation according to the invention, namely at least one temperature sensor 18 for measuring the temperature and a humidity sensor 19 for measuring the humidity of the air, which are arranged in front of the first heat exchanger stage 2, a temperature sensor 20 for the measurement the temperature of the air, which is arranged after the first heat exchanger stage 2, and a control unit 21.
  • the temperature of the liquid is either measured by means of a temperature sensor 22, for example arranged at the inlet or transmitted from the external, central device to the control unit 21.
  • the control unit 21 evaluates the data transmitted by the sensors and controls both the flow of the liquid through the first heat exchanger stage 2 and the at least one Peltier element 10.
  • the Fig. 3 shows three superimposed diagrams illustrating the function of time t following features of the inventive method by way of example.
  • the middle diagram shows the flow of the liquid through the first heat exchanger stage 2.
  • the flow of the liquid through the first heat exchanger stage 2 is allowed for a predetermined time period T 1 and then interrupted, wherein the interruption of the flow of liquid through the first heat exchanger stage 2 either by Closing of the valve 11 or, if the bypass line 12 is present, by switching the valve 11 takes place, so that the liquid flows through the bypass line 12 and thus is guided past the first heat exchanger stage 2.
  • the lower diagram shows the current flowing through the at least one Peltier element 10 in the event that the interruption of the flow of the liquid through the first heat exchange stage also causes the interruption of the flow of the liquid through the second heat exchange stage 3.
  • the current flowing through the at least one Peltier element 10 is switched off either simultaneously or with a time delay when the flow of liquid through the first heat exchange stage 2 is interrupted, so that the at least one Peltier element 10 does not overheat. In the other case, that the flow of the liquid through the second heat exchange stage 3 is not interrupted, the at least one Peltier element 10 is not turned off.
  • the upper diagram shows the course of the temperature of the air after exiting the first heat exchanger stage 2, i. the course of the temperature sensor 20 measured temperature.
  • a first temperature increase 23 in the example of 18 ° C to about 22 ° C
  • an approximately constant level 24 in the example of about 22 ° C to about 27 ° C.
  • the pulse operation is very clearly visible. Since the duration of the individual cycles (one cycle comprises a sequence of phases AD) is typically in the range of a few or several tens of minutes and the dew point temperature of the air usually changes only slowly, the dew point temperature only has to recur now and then during pulse operation measured once every half an hour or per hour, or at other intervals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un échangeur de chaleur liquide-air, dans lequel de l'air circule dans un premier étage d'échange de chaleur passif (2) en passant par au moins un premier canal de circulation (4) qui présente des lamelles (6) et un liquide circule en passant par au moins un deuxième canal de circulation (5) qui est séparé de l'au moins un premier canal de circulation (4) par une cloison de séparation passive du point de vue thermique, lequel procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
    déterminer la température de point de rosée de l'air ambiant ;
    déterminer si la température de point de rosée de l'air ambiant est supérieure à la température du liquide et, si c'est le cas, faire fonctionner l'échangeur de chaleur dans un mode de fonctionnement appelé fonctionnement en impulsions, selon les étapes suivantes :
    laisser circuler le liquide à travers le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) pendant une durée prédéterminée,
    empêcher le passage du liquide à travers le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) et mesurer et surveiller la température de l'air après la sortie de l'air hors du premier étage d'échange de chaleur, la température de l'air présentant après la sortie du premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) une première élévation de température, puis restant à un niveau approximativement constant pendant un certain temps et présentant ensuite une deuxième élévation de la température,
    détecter la deuxième élévation de la température et levér l'empêchement que le liquide circule à travers le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) après que la deuxième élévation de la température a été détectée, et
    répéter ces étapes tant que la température de point de rosée de l'air ambiant est supérieure à la température du liquide.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la température de point de rosée de l'air ambiant est déterminée par
    mesurer la température de l'air et de son humidité avant son entrée dans le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) et
    déterminer la température de point de rosée de l'air à partir de la température mesurée et de l'humidité mesurée de l'air.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel, dans un deuxième étage d'échange de chaleur actif (3), de la chaleur est pompée entre le liquide et l'air par un apport d'énergie, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'empêchement de l'écoulement du liquide à travers le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) a également pour effet que le liquide ne circule pas à travers le deuxième étage d'échange de chaleur (3) et que le deuxième étage d'échange de chaleur (3) est désactivé.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel, dans un deuxième étage d'échange de chaleur actif (3), de la chaleur est échangée entre le liquide et l'air par un apport d'énergie, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'empêchement de l'écoulement du liquide à travers le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2) a également pour effet que le liquide est acheminé en contournant le premier étage d'échange de chaleur (2), de sorte qu'il peut néanmoins circuler à travers le deuxième étage d'échange de chaleur (3).
EP12758795.4A 2011-08-31 2012-08-23 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil échangeur de chaleur liquide-air Not-in-force EP2751494B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01423/11A CH705453B1 (de) 2011-08-31 2011-08-31 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Flüssigkeit-Luft-Wärmeaustauschgeräts.
PCT/EP2012/066409 WO2013030080A2 (fr) 2011-08-31 2012-08-23 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil échangeur de chaleur liquide-air

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2751494A2 EP2751494A2 (fr) 2014-07-09
EP2751494B1 true EP2751494B1 (fr) 2015-12-30

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EP12758795.4A Not-in-force EP2751494B1 (fr) 2011-08-31 2012-08-23 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil échangeur de chaleur liquide-air

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20140216710A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2751494B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014529054A (fr)
KR (1) KR20140059215A (fr)
CN (1) CN103765121B (fr)
BR (1) BR112014004693A2 (fr)
CH (1) CH705453B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2565815T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2014112116A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013030080A2 (fr)

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US20240045394A1 (en) * 2022-08-03 2024-02-08 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Drift detection apparatus, system, and method

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2014112116A (ru) 2015-10-10
CH705453A1 (de) 2013-03-15
CN103765121B (zh) 2016-07-06
JP2014529054A (ja) 2014-10-30
CH705453B1 (de) 2015-06-30
US20140216710A1 (en) 2014-08-07
CN103765121A (zh) 2014-04-30
ES2565815T3 (es) 2016-04-07
WO2013030080A3 (fr) 2013-06-06
KR20140059215A (ko) 2014-05-15
BR112014004693A2 (pt) 2017-03-28
EP2751494A2 (fr) 2014-07-09
WO2013030080A2 (fr) 2013-03-07

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