EP2684001A1 - Wärmetauscher für eine mobile festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage - Google Patents
Wärmetauscher für eine mobile festbrennstofffeuerungsanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP2684001A1 EP2684001A1 EP12714834.4A EP12714834A EP2684001A1 EP 2684001 A1 EP2684001 A1 EP 2684001A1 EP 12714834 A EP12714834 A EP 12714834A EP 2684001 A1 EP2684001 A1 EP 2684001A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- gas
- tubes
- corrugated sheets
- pairs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
- F24H3/088—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/10—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates
- F24H3/107—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
- F24H9/0057—Guiding means
- F24H9/0063—Guiding means in air channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
- F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
- F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
- F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/30—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing vibrations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger for a mobile solid fuel combustion system with a hot gas connection and an inner gas guide, a cooling gas connection and an outer gas guide and the two guides separating and heat-conducting wall for producing a heat transfer from the hot to the colder gas.
- Mobile solid fuel firing systems are used to generate large amounts of heat for a limited period of time in one location. Possible applications are, for example, the generation of heat for drying hay, the heating of a building or a large tent or the short-term provision of heat for industrial processes. For this purpose, the solid fuel firing system is driven to the site, parked there and put into operation.
- a solid fuel container may be connected to a combustion chamber of the solid fuel furnace by means of a fuel delivery mechanism.
- the solid fuel is burned in the combustion chamber, the heat released is a heat carrier, usually water, is fed, which is guided around the combustion chamber for receiving the heat.-Is.
- a heat exchanger transfers the heat to the place of use.
- This object is achieved by the heat exchanger of the type mentioned, in which according to the invention, the wall comprises a plurality of interconnected corrugated sheets extending between the two gas passages.
- the invention is based on the consideration that it is important for mobile use of the solid fuel combustion system that it is as light as possible.
- a conventional heat transfer from the combustion chamber or the flue gas to water is disadvantageous because here the water must be carried as a heat transfer medium in the furnace and thus contributes to its weight.
- the heat exchanger has a hot gas connection and a cooling gas connection, so that the heat is transferred directly from the hot gas to the cooling gas.
- the wall for heat transfer should therefore be made of a very heat-resistant and chemically resistant steel in order to avoid a strong oxidation of the wall.
- Particularly suitable materials are very expensive.
- a cost-saving measure is to provide cheaper materials in a thicker wall thickness. These, too, satisfy the requirement of sufficient the longevity.
- a thicker wall causes the he ⁇ heblichen disadvantage of a high weight with in to the application in the mobile Festbrennstofffeuerungsstrom.
- the invention is based on the further consideration that noble steels are much cheaper available in sheets than in tube form.
- the furnace is expediently a Holzakiungs ⁇ system for operation with wood chips, for example.
- the hot gas connection can serve as a flue gas connection, through which the hot flue gas produced in the combustion chamber of the combustion system is guided.
- the cooling gas connection can be an ambient air connection, through which ambient air is introduced for cooling the wall.
- the corrugated sheets may have flat surfaces or be executed purely with curved surfaces. They can be wavy or edged, eg with a trapezoidal wave, a rectangular wave, a triangular wave or in another, edges
- the outer gas guide is expediently designed so that the outer gas flow guided in it flows around the inner gas guide.
- the internal gas guide is suitably arranged to shield the internal gas carried therein from the environment, at least until it reaches a predetermined state, e.g. has cooled sufficiently. Further, it is advantageous if the outer gas guide is applied at least predominantly transversely to the inner gas guide. As a result, a uniform cooling of the inner gas guide can be achieved.
- the heat exchanger according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a mobile solid fuel firing system, but its use is not limited to a mobile firing system, since its advantages can also be used in stationary furnaces.
- the corrugated sheets are connected in pairs in such a way that convex. Inner surface portions of the corrugated sheets je ⁇ Weils pairs and concave inner surface portions of the corrugated ⁇ plates each pairwise opposite. In this way, a pair of corrugated sheets can form a number of tubes that form at least part of the inner gas guide, so that the Certainlygas- leadership runs through the tubes thus formed.
- the corrugated plate pairs are connected to each other at the convex inner surface portions.
- a connection can be achieved by welding, e.g. with a roll seam welding process.
- the corrugated sheets of the pair of corrugated sheets can be placed on top of one another in such a way that the convex inner surface portions touch each other in a straight line so that a good directional guidance is created within the inner gas guide.
- the corrugated sheets are placed on each other such that the tubes are formed so that their interiors in the region of their parallel course at least by juxtaposition of the sheets. are essentially separate from each other. This also allows a particularly good flow guidance of the inner gas guide can be achieved.
- the inner gas duct runs as a hot gas duct through the tubes.
- the tubes are advantageously connected to the hot gas connection so that flows through this flowing hot gas and through the tubes.
- the Internal gas guide may be a flue gas duct and the adoptedgasbond tion an ambient air. However, it is also mög ⁇ Lich the hot gas of the external gas supply and the cooling gas inside the gas routing to forward.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that in each case two pairs of plates are so angeord net to each other, that they form between them a wavy flow area as part of the outer gas guide. It can be a good mixing of the externally guided gas and thus a good heat transfer between hot gas and cold gas can be achieved.
- several tubes are formed between pairs of plates, wherein the wave-shaped throughflow region can be traversed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the tubes, in particular can flow through in a wave-like manner.
- a compact design of the heat exchanger can be achieved if between two pairs of sheets a third pair of plates is arranged such that convex outer surface portions of the third pair of sheets come to rest between concave outer surface portions of the two surrounding pairs.
- the problem may arise that at least one of the gas guides from the gas guide section is short, which is not conducive to good heat transfer.
- This problem can be solved if the corrugated sheets form a plurality of parallel tubes and the outer gas guide crosses at least some of the tubes on the outside, is deflected in their direction and these tubes crosses a second outside. Through this deflection, a long contact of " outside and inside flow over the wall formed and so on good heat transfer can be achieved.
- the crossing is expediently carried out at an angle of at least 70 degrees, in particular of at least 80 degrees.
- the corrugated sheets form a plurality of parallel tubes and the outer gas guide is guided by means of at least two baffles S-shaped through the corrugated sheets, so that it extends transversely and parallel to the tubes.
- This also allows a long combination of inner and outer gas guide formed and a good heat transfer can be achieved.
- a parallel or transverse guide to the tube longitudinal direction understood, with a transverse guide is understood at an angle of at least 70 degrees, suitably at least 80 degrees and in particular perpendicular to the tube longitudinal direction.
- the corrugated sheets form a plurality of parallel inner tubes, which are divided into two groups, each with a plurality of separate comfortablygas- Kanäien between which a mixing section is arranged, in which open the outer gas channels ,
- this mixing section expediently also the baffles, whereby a simple and stable construction of both the baffles and the heat exchanger is achievable.
- the inner gas guide is guided successively through the two groups of the inner tubes, which are arranged in particular parallel to one another. This allows a long gas flow in a confined space can be achieved. Good heat utilization of the hot gas can be further assisted if the outer gas guide runs in a countercurrent flow to the inner gas guide . , Cool external gas soon meets relatively cool internal gas, and later on hotter external gas encounters hotter internal gas, whereby the heat content of already cooled hot gas is still effectively used to preheat the cooling gas.
- the corrugated sheets each have a collar on at least one end.
- This can be beneficial for. an attachment of the corrugated sheets to each other - directly or indirectly - be used.
- the attachment to each other may be via a retaining means, e.g. a head plate, a fullblech or the like.
- the attachment can be done by welding, bolting, gluing, riveting or other methods.
- the corrugated sheets are formed at least one end to a collar, so the collar is' formed from the corrugated sheet.
- the. Corrugated sheet can be bent to the collar. It is. also possible to first make the collar and then bring the corrugation in the corrugated sheet.
- the collars are arranged transversely to the orientation of the waves. Under cross will be understood in the following an angle between 70 ° and 110 °.
- the orientation of the waves is parallel to the troughs or mountains.
- the holding means is a sheet metal transverse alignment of the shafts, and the collar are aligned flat parallel to the sheet .. This allows the collar to be easily and reliably attached to the holding means.
- the collars are expediently applied flat to the holding means, layers directly or indirectly via one or more intermediate ⁇ .
- a particularly strong attachment can be achieved when the collars are clamped between the holding means and a counter-element arranged between the corrugated sheets.
- the clamping is advantageously carried out by screwing or riveting.
- the counter element extends in particular between the corrugated sheets. For this, it can be tortuous in waveform.
- the invention is directed to a solid fuel combustion system having a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger as described above and a combustion chamber connecting the combustion gas connection with the inner gas connection. It can thereby a thermally and mechanically stable. Unit, combined with a light weight, are formed inside the solid fuel burning plant.
- the solid fuel firing system includes an ambient air inlet, a warm air outlet, an ambient air channel connecting the ambient air inlet to the outer gas port of the heat exchanger, and a hot air duct connecting an outer gas outlet of the heat exchanger to the hot air outlet.
- Ambient air can be brought into a heat contact with flue gas directly in the heat exchanger, whereby a good and effective heating of ambient air can be generated even in a high volume, which is particularly suitable for heating large rooms or large volumes of product.
- the invention is directed to a mobile hay drying plant with a transportable frame in which a solid fuel burning plant is arranged as described above.
- the frame also includes a solid fuel container, whereby a promotion of Festbrennstöff can be kept simple to a combustion chamber of the furnace.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a mobile
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of a head plate of the heat exchanger
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a corrugated sheet pair of the heat exchanger
- Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view through three
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a foot plate of
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of a baffle plate of the heat exchanger, a schematic representation of an 'air duct through the heat exchanger,
- FIG. 1 shows a mobile solid fuel firing plant 2-also referred to as firing plant 2 in a simplified manner below-with a rated output of 250 kW and a solid fuel storage 4 in a schematic representation.
- the solid fuel storage 4 is mobile, so carried portable.
- both the solid fuel storage 4 and the combustion plant 2 are each indicated only schematically.
- indicated means of transport 6, 8 provided, by means of which at ⁇ the elements 2, 4 can be raised in each case, for example by a forklift.
- the transport means 6, 8 comprise a sturdy frame, which holds the other 'components of the respective element 2; 4.
- the solid fuel storage 4 is connected via a connection 10 with the furnace 2, which contains a joint or other angle compensation means, so that any unevenness in the installation of the two elements 2, 4 can be compensated.
- the connection 10 is additionally provided with a height compensation means for adapting a discharge unit 12.
- the discharge unit 12 is for example a screw conveyor and serves to transport solid fuel located in the solid fuel storage 4, for example wood chips, to the combustion plant 2.
- the furnace 2 To operate the furnace 2, this is driven to its place of use, for example, on a truck and parked there on a floor.
- the solid fuel storage 4 is also driven to the site and parked next to the furnace 2. Subsequently, the two elements 2, 4 connected to each other via the terminal 10 ' . A positron adjustment of the two elements 2, 4 to each other is usually not necessary because the terminal 10 compensates for unevenness of the soil sufficiently.
- the solid fuel such as wood chips, pellets or other suitable solid fuel, can be filled into the solid fuel storage 4, for example with a wheel loader.
- the solid fuel is conveyed via the conveyor 12 and the connection 10 to the furnace 2.
- the furnace 2 and the solid fuel in bearings 4 ⁇ are a contiguous Frame stored and transportable together. This solution is particularly advantageous for systems up to 500 kW, since the trans ⁇ port is facilitated and the connection of the two elements 2, 4 deleted each other.
- the solid fuel After passing through a burn-back fuse 14, the solid fuel passes via another conveyor 16 designed as a stock auger into the combustion chamber 18 in the firing plant 2. There, the solid fuel is ignited and burns to ash over time. The resulting during combustion hot flue gases are fed to a first heat exchanger 20. There they are cooled from about 1200 ° C to below 1000 ° C. ' The thus cooled flue gases are then one . second heat exchanger 22 is supplied and cooled there to about 150 ° C. Through the two heat exchangers 20, 22 is blown to cool the ambient air. This is heated in the heat exchangers 20, 22 and is now available for further use, for example for drying hay.
- the exhaust gases cooled in the heat exchangers 20, 22 are supplied to a spark separator 24, for example a cyclone separator.
- a spark separator 24 for example a cyclone separator.
- Larger installations can provide a plurality of cyclone separators which are operated in parallel.
- Deposited ash is collected in an ash container 26 and the purified waste gases are led up out of the furnace 2.
- Fig. 2 shows the large heat exchanger 22 in a perspective view obliquely from above.
- the heat exchanger 22 is a corrugated plate heat exchanger whose wall 30 is made of corrugated chen and is described in more detail below.
- the heat exchanger 22 includes a flue gas inlet 36, which is designed in the embodiment shown as a distribution box for distributing the hot gas to many tubes.
- a flue gas inlet 36 Into the flue gas inlet 36, the flue gases heated to between 900 degrees Celsius and 1000 ° C are sucked through connections 38 to the upstream small heat exchanger 20, as indicated by the first and downwardly pointing arrow of the mecanicgas- guide 32.
- the hot flue gases pass through a first train 40, reached from there a deflection chamber 42, where it is deflected upward again by 180 degrees, pres ⁇ fen the second train 44 and reach from there th a Sammelkas- 46. Then leave the cooled hot gases the
- Heat exchanger 22 through a hot gas discharge 48, through which they are passed to the spark separator 24. Ashes accumulated in the deflection space 42 are fed to the ash tank 26 through an ash discharge 50.
- the outer gas guide 34 runs in an S-shape around the wall 30 of the two slides 40, 44, as shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 3 shows the two trains 40, 44 with the indicated housing 28 and the outer gas guide 34.
- air is admitted through an ambient air inlet 54 with a fan 60.
- a cooling gas connection 58 the ambient air is guided in an ambient air guide 62 to the heat exchanger 22, ie to the wall 30 of the second train 44.
- the housing 28, the wall 30 and two deflection means 64, 66 form the outer gas guide 34 and thus give the air flow of the Ambient air through the heat exchanger 22 before.
- the ambient air is passed as cooling air first around the wall 30 of the second train 44, then around the wall 30 of the first train 40, then around the wall 30 of the second train 44 and finally around the wall 30 of the first train 40 and leaves the heat exchanger 22 as warm air in a hot air duct 68. It passes through the first heat exchanger 20 in the hot air duct 68 and is blown out through the hot air outlet 72 of the firing system 2.
- the deflection means 64, 66 are designed in the form of intermediate plates, wherein each intermediate plate is guided around all plate pairs 76 of only one train 40, 44. The intermediate plates serve to guide the ambient air or the external gas in an S-arc through the heat exchanger 22.
- Fig. 4 shows the wall 30 of the two trains 40, 44, which are designed in the form of many corrugated sheets 74.
- Two Plat a ⁇ tensection 76 forming corrugated sheets 74 are shown in Fig. 5 by way of example in perspective.
- Three such ' plate pairs 76 of the first train 40 are shown schematically in Fig. 6 in a sectional view.
- the corrugated sheets 74 are welded into a top plate 78, the wall 30 of the heat exchanger 22 after. closes up.
- the top plate 78 thus contains the outer contours of the plate pairs 76 of the two trains 40, 44 corresponding openings into which the plate pairs 76 are inserted.
- the corrugated sheets 74 or plate pairs 76 are welded to the top plate 78.
- the corrugated sheet 74 of the plate pairs 76 is made. made of stainless steel, expediently a stainless steel, and has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm.
- the thickness of the top plate 78 which is made of structural steel, 5 mm. Also possible is stainless steel, which then thinner can be executed. Accordingly, the plate pairs 76 are welded to a foot plate 80 of the heat exchanger 22.
- the two deflecting means 64, 66 which are also manufactured as sheets, with the corresponding openings for passing through the plate pairs 76, can be welded in the same way, with a material-locking stapling of the deflecting plates 64,. 66 is already sufficient on the pairs of plates 76.
- the plate pairs 76 consist of two corrugated sheets 74 which are welded together at their two longitudinal edges 82.
- the corrugated sheets 74 are deep-drawn stainless steel sheets, which are placed on top of each other and joined together to form a plurality of at least substantially longitudinal chambers in the form of tubes 84.
- the corrugation of the corrugated sheets 74 consists per wave phase essentially of two approximately 110 degree wide nikbogenförmige.n segments 86, 88, which form an S-shaped wave phase.
- the cross-section of the longitudinal chambers or tubes 84 is substantially circular, delimited at the top and bottom by the two circular-shaped segments 86, and laterally deviating somewhat from the circular arc shape, wherein a circle with the radius of 20 mm can be placed in the cross section, the coincides with the two circular arc segments 86.
- the segments 88 touch each other in their central axis, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubes 84 and plate pairs 76. Due to the juxtaposition of the segments 88, the interior space of the tubes 84 is at least substantially separated from one another in regions of the parallel course. Opposite the segments 88 are convex inner surface portions which are joined together by welding.
- the outer segments 86 form concave inner surface portions that face each other in pairs and that form the major boundary of the tubes 84.
- the middle pair of plates 76 is outwardly represents ⁇ provided pairs of plates 76 between the two arranged so that convex outer surface portions of the segments 86 of the intermediate plate pair 76 of the two surrounding pairs of plates 76 come to lie between the concave outer surface portions of the segments 88th
- the segments 88 are each partially welded along their central axis, wherein a welding between 10% and 50% of the total length of the central axis, advantageously distributed over many small welding distances, is conducive.
- the heat exchanger 22 is provided with a plurality of such, as shown in Fig. 5, pairs of plates 76 which are positioned vertically side by side.
- the corrugated sheets 74 and plate pairs 76 can be welded in any number at both ends of the tubes 84 in the top and bottom plates 78, 80.
- the outer gas guide 34 is formed between the plate pairs 76 is hereby by - as can be seen in Fig. 6 - the outer gas guide 34 is formed.
- the gas space 92 between the plate pairs 76 here is designed so that it assumes a waveform transverse to the longitudinal direction 90 of the tubes 84 and always has substantially the same thickness.
- the waveguide creates an intensive contact of the cooling gas with the wall 30, so that an intense heat transfer from the inner gas to the outer gas takes place.
- care must be taken that the distance is not greater than half the radius of the tubes 84, otherwise the cooling air or the external gas need not extend the waves and the risk is that the cooling air forms air cushion in the bulges of the waves and the cooling air flows straight through between the plate pairs 76 without complete passage of the waves and comes only in limited contact with the plate pairs 76 and the wall 30.
- the guidance of the gases can - depending on the application - be completely reversed, so that hot gas between the plate pairs 76 in the outer gas guide 34 and cooling gas in the tubes 84 is guided in the inner gas guide.
- the wall thickness of the corrugated sheets 74 may be smaller than would be necessary for pipes, so that the heat exchanger 22 can be made easy to build and save weight. This is especially true in a mobile solid fuel burning plant 2 of. Advantage, since every weight saving facilitates transport.
- the foot plate 80 is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 7 so that the openings 94 in the foot plate 80 are visible for connection to the plate pairs 76.
- the deflection means 64 is shown in a plan view in Fig. 8. Also there, the openings 94 are visible.
- the deflection means 66 is formed analogously to the deflection means 64, but the openings are shorter by one wave phase than the openings 94 of the deflection means 64.
- the plate pairs 76 of the heat exchanger 22 are divided into two groups: the plate pairs 76 of the first train 40 and the plate pairs 76 of the second train 44.
- the plate pairs 76 of the first train 40 are those of the second train spaced by a region 96 without plates.
- This area. 96 serves to the flue gas introduction is simplified in the heat exchanger 22, since the introduction into the distribution box and the lead-out through the collection box 46 is spatially separated and one or two baffles are arranged in the region 46, which thus do not cut tube openings.
- the region 96 has a further advantage: Especially in obe ⁇ ren region of the two trains 40, 44 there is a considerable difference in temperature of the walls 30 of the two trains 40, 44.
- the arrangement of the outer gas guide 34 is such that it runs in a countercurrent flow to the inner gas guide 32. Namely, the outer gas guide 34 is arranged to first flow around the wall 30 of the cooler second train, and finally to the hottest area of the first train 40. In this way, efficient utilization of the heat of the flue gas is achieved. In the first heat exchanger 20, the warm air is reheated once more.
- FIG. 9 shows an alternative external gas guide 98.
- the air to be heated first flows into it over the entire length of the second train 44, is then deflected not laterally but laterally of the two trains 40, 44 by about 180 degrees, and then flows through the wall .30 of the first train 40. In this way, a countercurrent flow to the internal gas guide 32 is achieved.
- Such an outer gas guide 98 is particularly suitable for very high volume flows of air to be heated, since in each case the entire train 40, 44 can be used forstructuregasumströmung in only one direction.
- FIG. 11 shows an alternative plate pair 100 of two corrugated sheets 74 in FIG.
- the two corrugated sheets 74 are not connected in phase, as in the example of the plate pair 76 shown in FIG. 5, but are in phase and are therefore parallel to each other everywhere. It arises between corrugated sheets 74, a single longitudinal channel 102 which extends over the entire width of the corrugated sheets 74. Laterally, the two corrugated sheets 74 are welded again, so that the inner gas channel is closed on both sides and is only open at the front and rear, as shown in FIG. 11 can be seen.
- Fig. 11 shows the plate pair 100 in a perspective view obliquely from above.
- the two corrugated sheets 74 are interconnected along their sides by means of two strip-shaped connector sheets. It is also possible to fold both corrugated sheets 74 toward one another or one of the corrugated sheets 74 toward the other, so that the connector sheets are omitted.
- FIG. 12 shows an alternative longitudinal edge 104 to the longitudinal edge 82. At least one of the two corrugated sheets 74 ⁇ is bent along the longitudinal edge 104 around the other, so that a rounded flow edge is formed.
- the two corrugated sheets 74 are on one longitudinal side with a wider, uncoated one
- This longitudinal edge 104 has two advantages. First, it forms a very secure composite of the corrugated sheets 74, which remains gas-tight even under extreme mechanical and thermal stress. The mechanical load is not only due to the . Welded seams 106, 108 added, but also by supporting the corrugated sheets 74 to each other. A leakage of hot flue gases can be safely avoided. Second, the longitudinal edge 104 forms a rounded leading edge. If the outside gases flow very quickly into the heat exchanger 22, a sharp longitudinal edge 82 can lead to vibrations and thus to an undesirable noise. By the round longitudinal edge 10 ' 4 a flutter and swing is avoided.
- FIG. 110 An alternative heat exchanger 110 is shown in FIG. It is the same except for the following details, as the heat exchanger 22: Especially at large firing capacities, a non-deflected outer gas guide 112 may be advantageous in order to be able to blow very large volumes of air per time through the heat exchanger 110.
- the deflection means 64, 66 can be omitted, so that the outer gas guide 112 is guided in a straight line through the heat exchanger 110, by all trains 40, 44th
- the heat exchangers 22, 110 are stationary heat exchangers, the inner gas duct 32 runs vertically through the ducts 40, 44. Also possible is the use of the pairs of corrugated iron sheets 76, 100 in a horizontal heat exchanger, in which the. Internal gas duct runs horizontally through the trains. Also oblique arrangements are conceivable.
- FIG. 1 The connection between the corrugated sheets 74 and the top plate 78 and / or the foot plate 80 is shown in FIG.
- the corrugated sheets 74 are brought with their upper or lower edge directly to the top plate 78 and foot plate 80 and welded to the ⁇ ser. In this way, the plate pairs 76 are very firmly connected.
- another holding means may be used, wherein the top plate .78 or the foot plate 80 may also be referred to as holding means
- FIG. 14 An alternative connection between the holding means, eg head plate 78 or foot plate 80, and the corrugated sheets 74 is shown in FIG.
- the corrugated sheets 74 are passed through the holding means.
- each have a collar 114 is arranged, which is formed in this embodiment of the respective corrugated sheets 74 by bending the outer portion of the corrugated sheet 74.
- Collar 114 and holding means lie flat one above the other and are firmly connected to each other, for example a weld, as shown in Fig. 15. In order to achieve a good gas tightness between collar 114 and retaining means, even if a weld should be faulty, a
- FIG. 16 shows a rounded transition between collar 114 and the fuselage of the corresponding corrugated sheet 74.
- the width 116 of the rounded region in the collar direction is at least 10% of the greatest width 118 of a gas tube between the wave plates 74, in particular at least 20%. The rounding can be performed on all embodiments shown.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of attaching the collars 114 to the attachment means is shown in FIG.
- the collar 114 of two corrugated sheets 74, which form a plate pair 76, are designed to overlap.
- the overlap results in attachment, e.g. a screw or rivet, and connected to the retaining means, e.g. the top plate 78 or the foot plate 80.
- the overlap allows the use of a central attachment instead of two attachments side by side, as shown in Fig. 18.
- a sealing paper 120 is placed in each case for sealing the hot gas duct against the cold gas guide or the environment.
- sealing paper 120 and holding means 78 each air is drawn. This is only for better illustration.
- the elements are directly adjacent to each other.
- Fig. 18 shows narrower collars 114 which do not overlap one another.
- the collar 114 are clamped between the holding means and in each case a counter-element 122, as well as the
- the counter-element 122 is a arranged between the plate pairs 76 sheet metal, expediently in the strength of the holding means, for example 5 mm. It is in this embodiment snake-shaped, as shown in Fig. 19 can be seen.
- bolts 124 are secured to mating member 122, e.g. welded, suitably carry thread.
- mating member 122 e.g. welded
- the jamming can be achieved by a screw connection, e.g. can be achieved with a mother 128.
- riveting is possible, so that instead of the bolts 124 rivets are guided by the holding means and the counter-element 122.
- FIG. 19 The combination of plate pairs 76 with molded-on collar 114 of FIG. 18 and the counter-elements 122 is shown in Fig. 19 in a 'plan looks.
- the retaining element and the sealing paper 120 are omitted in the illustration for the sake of clarity, so that the view falls directly on the collar 114 and the underlying counter-elements 122.
- the bolts 124 are inserted through holes in the collar.
- the counter-elements 122 respectively wind in a serpentine manner between adjacent plate pairs 76, except for the outer counter-elements, which only have an adjacent plate pair. 76 have.
- FIG. 20 the arrangement of Fig. 19 with the holding means, in this case the top plate 78, is shown. Through holes 126 in the top plate 78 can be seen from above into the tubes of the plate pairs 76.
- the bolts 124 are also inserted through the retaining means and bolted to the nuts 128, so that the collars 114 are clamped between the retaining means and the counter-element 122.
- solid fuel firing system 4 solid fuel storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011013284 | 2011-03-08 | ||
DE202011103414U DE202011103414U1 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-07-01 | Wärmetauscher für eine mobile Festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage |
PCT/IB2012/000440 WO2012120369A1 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Wärmetauscher für eine mobile festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2684001A1 true EP2684001A1 (de) | 2014-01-15 |
EP2684001B1 EP2684001B1 (de) | 2017-01-11 |
Family
ID=45495352
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12714834.4A Active EP2684001B1 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Wärmetauscher für eine mobile festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2684001B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT12584U1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE202011103414U1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012120369A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3009762A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-20 | LASCO Heutechnik GmbH | Mobiler warmluftofen |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015090578A1 (de) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-25 | Mobil In Time Ag | Mobiles warmluftheizgerät für festbrennstoffe |
AT14469U1 (de) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-11-15 | Lasco Heutechnik Gmbh | Mobile Feuerungsanlage |
DE202014105262U1 (de) * | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-13 | Lasco Heutechnik Gmbh | Mobile Festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage |
FI3816566T3 (fi) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-05-25 | Welcon Inc | Lämmönsiirtolaite ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi |
WO2020143891A1 (fr) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-16 | Machachou Abderrahim | Méthode de développement de la climatisation centrale, la production d'air chaud, et d'eau chaude |
CZ2021356A3 (cs) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-09-28 | Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava | Rekuperační výměník tepla |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1751725A (en) * | 1926-01-07 | 1930-03-25 | Walter M Cross | Heat exchanger |
GB740380A (en) * | 1953-02-20 | 1955-11-09 | Parsons C A & Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers |
SE433532B (sv) * | 1978-05-22 | 1984-05-28 | Lockmans Ing Byra Ab | Lamellvermevexlare |
DE8223682U1 (de) * | 1982-07-31 | 1982-09-30 | Ulbrich, geb. Spilker, Annmemarie, 5470 Andernach | Vorrichtung zum Trocknen und Bergen von mähfrischem Gras |
FR2553182B1 (fr) * | 1983-10-10 | 1988-05-06 | Olivier Calmon | Generateur d'air chaud mobile |
ES2030818T3 (es) * | 1987-12-22 | 1992-11-16 | Hans Dr. Viessmann | Caldera de calefaccion. |
DE3838894C3 (de) * | 1988-11-17 | 1994-07-07 | Deutsche Filterbau | Aus ortsveränderbaren Bausteinen zusammengesetzte Abfall-Entsorgungsanlage |
DE9416920U1 (de) * | 1994-10-20 | 1994-12-08 | BBK - Blechbearbeitung & Komponentenbau GmbH, 14793 Ziesar | Warmlufterzeuger |
-
2011
- 2011-07-01 DE DE202011103414U patent/DE202011103414U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-07-01 AT ATGM375/2011U patent/AT12584U1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-03-08 WO PCT/IB2012/000440 patent/WO2012120369A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-03-08 EP EP12714834.4A patent/EP2684001B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012120369A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3009762A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-20 | LASCO Heutechnik GmbH | Mobiler warmluftofen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2684001B1 (de) | 2017-01-11 |
WO2012120369A1 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
AT12584U1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
DE202011103414U1 (de) | 2011-12-19 |
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