EP2678490B1 - Élément structural léger porteur - Google Patents

Élément structural léger porteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2678490B1
EP2678490B1 EP11794641.8A EP11794641A EP2678490B1 EP 2678490 B1 EP2678490 B1 EP 2678490B1 EP 11794641 A EP11794641 A EP 11794641A EP 2678490 B1 EP2678490 B1 EP 2678490B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
lightweight construction
construction element
lightweight
hollow bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP11794641.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2678490A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Meyer
Harry Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEYER YVONNE
WOLF, THOMAS
WOLTER, ANTJE
Original Assignee
Meyer Yvonne
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102011014206A external-priority patent/DE102011014206A1/de
Application filed by Meyer Yvonne filed Critical Meyer Yvonne
Publication of EP2678490A1 publication Critical patent/EP2678490A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2678490B1 publication Critical patent/EP2678490B1/fr
Priority to HRP20190636 priority Critical patent/HRP20190636T1/hr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E04C2/365—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels by honeycomb structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E04C2002/3466—Corrugated sheets with sinusoidal corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3472—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets with multiple layers of profiled spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3477—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by tubular elements parallel to the sheets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a load-bearing or supporting lightweight component according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a support structure which consists of juxtaposed and / or stacked tubular hollow bodies and carries a coating to form the wall surfaces.
  • the elongate tubular hollow bodies are made of paper, cardboard, plastics or the like. Recycled paper is particularly preferred as a low-cost starting material for producing the hollow bodies, since the rough surface in this case improves the adhesion of the coating, which is preferably in the form of a plaster layer.
  • the plaster layer increases the weight of the lightweight elements, without it being improved by the carrying capacity of the support structure.
  • tubular hollow bodies of paper or paperboard have only a limited carrying capacity in their longitudinal direction, unless they have very thick boundary walls, which in turn increases the weight of the lightweight components.
  • Another disadvantage of the known lightweight construction elements is that tubular hollow bodies made of paper can absorb water easily from the environment or from the plaster layer, as a result of which their load-bearing capacity is greatly reduced.
  • the DE 2836418 A already discloses lightweight components of the type mentioned, in which from impregnated with synthetic resin cylindrical paper tube form a multi-chamber hollow profile, wherein both the tubes and the gussets between the tubes for stiffening or improving the transmission of force can be filled with a cured foam.
  • the EP 1522648 A1 , the CH 323528 A , the WO 2007/123398 A2 and the DE 2117794 A disclose plate-shaped lightweight elements made of paper or cellulose, while the WO 2009/045095 A1 and the GB 2341619 A Reveal panels with a honeycomb structure.
  • the invention has the object to improve a sustainable or lightweight structural element of the type mentioned in that its carrying capacity is further improved.
  • a hard foam As rigid foam, a hard foam is used, which has a large total pore volume and thus a low specific gravity, but in which the individual pores are very small and according to the invention have cross-sectional dimensions of less than 0.5 mm.
  • the hard foam is a thermosetting reaction foam, namely a higher crosslinked rigid polyurethane foam, which is also referred to as PIR foam.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the hard foam is applied to at least one outside of the multi-chamber hollow profile facing away from the chambers.
  • the rigid foam as a cover layer or alternatively as an intermediate layer between the outside of the hollow profile and an additional cover layer can be in comparison to the known lightweight element further reduce the weight and on the other hand increase the strength, since the foam despite a very low specific weight of a has higher strength than plaster or plaster.
  • the carrying capacity can be increased, since in this way buckling of individual boundary walls or wall sections is difficult.
  • the boundary walls of the adjacent chambers are expediently connected to one another by the water-repellent coating which is applied to the outer surfaces of the boundary walls and which glues the mutually adjacent boundary walls together.
  • the rigid foam is applied to the outside of the multi-chamber hollow profile, the boundary walls of the adjacent chambers are appropriate connected by the rigid foam, which also acts as an adhesive or binder and holds the boundary walls together.
  • the boundary walls of the chambers are provided both at its inner and outer periphery with the coating and / or impregnation so that neither from inside nor from the outside moisture penetrate to the paper and thereby the bending and / or pressure resistance of the boundary walls of the chambers and thus may affect the lightweight element.
  • a double-sided inner and outer coating and / or impregnation a greater increase in the bending and / or compressive strength than in the case of a one-sided coating and / or impregnation and thus a further increase in the carrying capacity of the lightweight components can be achieved.
  • the coating and / or impregnation consists of a resin which is applied to the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the tubular hollow bodies either after or during the manufacture of the tubular hollow body of paper in the liquid state and then cured.
  • a resin which hardens rapidly with or without the application of heat preferably a thermosetting reaction resin in the form of a two-component system which, in addition to the reaction resin, comprises an accelerator or catalyst for accelerating the Curing includes.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides for the use of a polyisocyanate or epoxyisocyanurate resin, for example a polyisocyanate or epoxyisocyanurate resin, available from Bayer MaterialScience under the name Blendur.
  • other resins may also be used, such as epoxy resins or phenolic resins, which are also water repellent when cured and increase the flexural and / or compressive strength of the tubular hollow body of paper.
  • the hollow profile consists of one or more rows of tubular bodies arranged side by side, which abut with their outer periphery against the outer periphery of adjacent tubular hollow body and are glued to the adjacent hollow bodies, each hollow body defining one of the parallel chambers.
  • the hollow section may alternatively consist of one or more rows of spaced apart tubular hollow bodies, so that the flowable foam from one side into a previously with the Hollow bodies fitted form can be introduced, where it penetrates through the gaps between the adjacent hollow bodies and thus fills the entire shape.
  • This alternative is particularly suitable for wall elements containing only one or two rows of elongated, embedded in hard foam hollow bodies.
  • such wall elements can be well used for the production of walls of freight containers, railway cars or other means of transport, where a low basis weight is particularly advantageous.
  • tubular hollow bodies made of paper these advantageously have cylindrical outer and inner peripheral surfaces or a circular cross-section, so that they can be produced on existing machines, as for example in the production of paper corrugated paper or paperboard rolls of paper towels or toilet paper rolls are used.
  • These hubs are made by winding two or more strip-shaped layers of paper helically and overlapping each other onto a mandrel, with an adhesive applied to one or both strips of paper in the areas of overlap.
  • the tubular hollow bodies may also be manufactured by winding wider sheets or webs of paper in the circumferential direction of the tubular hollow bodies in several layers one over the other. This invention alternative has a particularly high load capacity.
  • the lightweight supporting structural element can be further stiffened and, in the case of an insert as a plate-shaped wall element or as a columnar supporting element Its compressive strength in the vertical direction can be increased further, since the adjacent tubular hollow body support each other and hold each other in their position, which counteracts a buckling of individual tubular hollow body under load.
  • the paper used is preferably paper of low quality, expediently a recycled paper which, without the coating and / or impregnation, only has to have a low bending and / or compressive strength, which, on the other hand, should preferably have a rough surface and a certain absorbency to ensure that a sufficient amount of the liquid applied coating and / or impregnation adheres to the surface of the paper and advantageously at least partially penetrates the paper.
  • the boundary walls according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention from less than eight superimposed layers or layers, preferably from less than five layers or layers, and most preferably only two or three layers or layers of paper such that the wall thickness of the boundary walls is less than 4 mm, preferably less than 2 mm and most preferably less than 1 mm.
  • the chambers may conveniently have cross-sectional dimensions of about 50 mm so that the ratio between the wall thickness of the tubular hollow bodies and the cross-sectional dimensions is desirably less than 1:25, preferably less than 1:50 and most preferably about 1: 100 , With such dimensions load-bearing lightweight wall elements can be produced during construction single-storey houses with a roof do not require a supporting structure.
  • the hollow profile is aligned so that the longitudinal axes of the parallel chambers have a vertical orientation.
  • the boundary walls in the direction in which the weight of components arranged above it acts on the bearing wall or support element have their greatest compressive strength, so that the wall or support element receives a maximum load capacity.
  • the hollow profile extends advantageous throughout from an upper to a lower end of the lightweight component.
  • the hollow profile expediently encloses only a single row of juxtaposed chambers whose longitudinal central axes in the cross section expediently lie on a line.
  • two or more rows of chambers can be arranged side by side for larger wall thicknesses, wherein the chambers of adjacent rows expediently offset from each other longitudinal central axes, in order to ensure the most dense packing of the chambers and a low basis weight.
  • the hard foam fills the gussets between the tubular hollow bodies, wherein it connects adjacent hollow bodies with each other and prevents mutual displacement or displacement of adjacent hollow bodies under load.
  • An additional stiffening of the lightweight element can be achieved by applying one or more layers of a fiber-reinforced resin, such as polyurethane with a fiber fabric or fiber fabric embedded therein, preferably directly onto the flat surface of the rigid foam, on one or both broad sides.
  • a surface cover layer may be applied as a termination.
  • each wall or support member end members are preferably attached which close the open upper and lower ends of the chambers.
  • the end elements of lightweight wall elements are preferably elongate and extend along the top and bottom ends, provided on one side with projections which can be inserted into the open ends of the parallel chambers.
  • the end elements ensure on the one hand that the upper and lower end of the chambers is closed and the wall or support elements at the upper and lower ends have no openings, and on the other hand improve the cohesion wall or support members, if they are tubular hollow bodies consist.
  • the end elements are suitably connected by the rigid foam with the rest of the lightweight element, for example by being attached prior to curing of the rigid foam.
  • the parallel chambers also have vertical longitudinal central axes, in which case, however, a plurality of short tubular hollow bodies arranged in rows next to each other, so that they are perpendicular to the broad side surfaces of the floor or ceiling element are aligned and together one Form honeycomb structure.
  • the upper and the lower ends of the Kammern. the honeycomb structure are closed by plates which abut against the aligned upper and lower end faces of the hollow profile.
  • the upper and lower ends of the chambers or honeycomb structure may also be closed by one or more layers of fiber reinforced resin or resin, for example by fiber reinforcement as a nonwoven, woven fabric or scrim of fibers on the respective upwardly turned or facing broadsides the honeycomb structure is laid so that the fleece, fabric or scrim completely covers the open ends of the chambers, and then impregnated with the resin and the resin is cured.
  • the resin may preferably be a thermosetting synthetic resin which cross-links upon application of heat or UV radiation and thereby harden, or a two-component resin.
  • the fiber reinforcement can consist of glass, carbon, aramid or synthetic fibers.
  • one or more further layers of fiber-reinforced resin and optionally an additional surface covering layer may be applied as a finish.
  • the honeycomb structure can also be placed with its broadside turned downwards on a resin impregnated layer of the nonwoven fabric, fabric or -gelege to close the ends of the chambers. In both cases, the ends of the boundary walls of the chambers connect with the curing of the resin with the latter, so that they are then firmly bonded to the layers of fiber reinforced resin and form a floor or ceiling element with high bending stiffness.
  • This type of lightweight element can be used with advantage as a floor or ceiling element for a cargo or living container, such as a sea or transport container, as the floors and ceilings of the latter are currently made of so-called multiplex panels from a tropical wood that will not be available for long.
  • the lightweight structural elements are used in the construction of buildings or the like, they must have sufficient fire resistance, in Germany at least fire protection class B1S-D0 required, but fire protection class A is preferred.
  • a material with a relatively high temperature resistance is advantageously used for a coating or impregnation of the tubular hollow body, such as the aforementioned poly- or Epoxyisocyanuratharz, and on the other hand a temperature-resistant, dimensionally stable foam at higher temperatures, such as For example, the already mentioned PIR foam of fire protection class B1S-D0 or A1.
  • This rigid foam has a specific weight of 40 kg / m 3 and is therefore very light, but on the other hand has such a hardness that it can be drilled or otherwise processed.
  • the hard foam on the opposite narrow sides of the adjacent lightweight components in their manufacture to a groove or spring, so that the adjacent lightweight components mate together and thus can be easily interconnected.
  • the grooves and springs on the opposite narrow sides of adjacent lightweight components can also be formed by profiles made of metal or plastic, which are glued by the rigid foam with the hollow profile.
  • Fire protection class A1 can also be achieved in that the hard foam consists of microscopic hollow spheres of glass which are embedded in a non-combustible matrix, such as, for example, a waterglass adhesive.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the rigid foam forms at least one and preferably two flat broad side surfaces, especially in the case of wall elements.
  • the lightweight component may also be provided with one or two additional cover layers, which are formed by a voltage applied to a broad side against the hard foam and / or the hollow profile plate.
  • the refractory plates of a mineral material used preferably mineral plates of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride with a glass fiber reinforcement, which are commercially available under the name Megapan and in a thickness of a few millimeters as a topcoat on the Lightweight element can be attached so that they form the visible outer surfaces.
  • the plates are preferably connected by the rigid foam with the hollow profile or glued to this.
  • the bearing or supporting lightweight components 2 shown in the drawing each contain a multi-chamber hollow section 4, which surrounds one or more rows of chambers 6 with parallel longitudinal central axes 8 and a constant in the direction of the longitudinal central axes 8 opening cross section.
  • the multi-chamber hollow section 4 consists of a plurality of interconnected cylindrical hollow bodies 12 made of paper whose outer and inner peripheral surfaces 14, 16 are coated with a resin 10 and together with the coating of the resin 10, the boundary walls of the chambers. 6 form.
  • the hollow body 12 are embedded in a hard foam 18 which fills the gusset 20 between the adjacent tubular hollow bodies 12 and the hollow body 12 also connects to each other.
  • the lightweight element 2 is a wall element, as in the FIGS. 1 to 8 represented, or to a support element, for example a pillar, as in Fig. 14 Shown in cross-section, the tubular hollow bodies 12 are arranged side by side within the lightweight component 2 in a parallel and vertical orientation.
  • the hollow body 12 of the lightweight components 2 in the FIGS. 1 to 8 and 14 to 17 lie with their outer peripheral surfaces 14 against the outer peripheral surfaces 14 of adjacent hollow body 12, so that the hollow body 12 are mutually supported.
  • a single row of tubular bodies 12 arranged side by side may be provided, the longitudinal central axes 8 of which span a vertical plane, as in FIGS FIGS. 1 to 4 . 7 and 8 , or several rows, as in the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown.
  • the lightweight wall element 2 contains a plurality of rows of tubular hollow bodies 12, the longitudinal central axes 8 of the hollow bodies 12 in adjacent rows of hollow bodies 12 are offset by the diameter of the hollow bodies 12, so that the rows are meshed with each other and the hollow body 12 not only parallel and perpendicular to the broad sides 22 of the lightweight element 2 are supported against each other, but also at an acute angle of 45 degrees to these directions. In addition, this minimizes the volume of foam 18 filled with intermediate spaces or gusset 20 between the adjacent hollow bodies 12.
  • the tubular hollow bodies 12 consist of several completely or partially glued together wound layers or layers of recycled paper.
  • Each of the layers or layers may consist of helical paper strips that are continuously wound on a mandrel so that they overlap with adjacent coils or strips, adhering to one another at the points of overlap.
  • the layers may also consist of wider sheets or webs wound in the circumferential direction of the hollow body 12.
  • the recycled paper has no special quality requirements.
  • the tubular hollow bodies 12 In lightweight construction elements 2 in the form of wall or support elements, the tubular hollow bodies 12 have a length corresponding to the height of the wall or support element 2 and are open at their opposite ends.
  • the ratio between the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the tubular hollow body 12 is greater than 25: 1, preferably greater than 50: 1 and is best between about 50: 1 and about 100: 1. In the latter case, the wall thickness of the hollow body 12 at a diameter of about 50 mm about 0.5 mm.
  • the weight of the hollow body 12 coated with resin 10 prior to its embedding in the hard foam 18 is less than 100 g per meter length, preferably less than 50 g and most preferably less than 25 g.
  • Resin 10 used for coating is an MDI based epoxy or polyisocyanurate reactive resin or a modified epoxy or polyisocyanurate reaction resin, both of which are commercially available under the name Blendur from Bayer MaterialScience.
  • these resins either trimerize after addition of a catalyst by the addition of heat or without the need for a catalyst by heat alone to form a highly crosslinked thermosetting resin or plastic having excellent thermal stability.
  • the crosslinking or curing of the resin takes place subsequent to the application of the resin 10 to the outer and the inner circumferential surfaces 14, 16 of the hollow body 12, which preferably takes place immediately after the winding of the hollow body 12 made of paper.
  • the finished tubular hollow body 12 are introduced in the desired number and arrangement in a closable mold with a shape corresponding to the shape and dimensions of the lightweight elements 2 mold cavity, so that the open ends of the chambers 6 to the opposite Front ends of the hollow body 12 are closed by mold walls of the mold. Subsequently, the gaps or gussets 20 are foamed between the adjacent hollow bodies 12 with the hard foam 18, which consists of a PIR foam and is cured in the mold.
  • adjacent hollow bodies 12 are spaced from each other, as in FIGS. 7 and 8 represented, so that the flowable foam can be supplied to one side of the lightweight components 2 in the mold and from there through the gaps between the adjacent hollow bodies 12 can fill the entire mold cavity.
  • the hard foam 18 ensures a firm connection between the hollow bodies 12 embedded therein.
  • the lightweight wall elements 2 in the FIGS. 1, 2 . 5, 6 . 7 and 8 are not provided at its two opposite broad sides 22 with one or two additional cover layers, so that they consist essentially only of the tubular hollow bodies 12 and the hard foam 18, which fills the gaps or gussets 20 between the outer periphery 14 of the adjacent hollow body 12 and in this case, the surfaces of the two broad sides 22 of the lightweight elements 2 forms.
  • the two broad sides 22 of the lightweight elements 2 forms.
  • the weight per unit area of these lightweight elements 2 is about 1.5 to 2 kg / cm 2
  • the basis weight of the untreated paper being 0.45 to 0.55 kg / m 2
  • the basis weight of the resin used for coating being 10 0.55 to 0
  • the basis weight of the hard foam 18 is 0.55 to 0.65 kg / m 2 , so that these three components thus provide about one third of the basis weight.
  • the surfaces of the opposite broad sides 22 of the lightweight wall elements 12 in 3 and 4 and the outer periphery 26 of the lightweight support member 2 in FIG Fig. 3 formed by a cover layer 28 of a fiber-reinforced resin which is parallel to the broad sides and which is applied for stiffening the wall elements 12.
  • the resin may, for example, be polyurethane, in which a woven or scrim of glass fibers, synthetic fibers or carbon fibers is embedded.
  • cover layers of other materials such as, for example, mineral fiber cover plates, which consist of one with glass fibers reinforced mixture of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, abut with their inner surfaces against the adjacent row of hollow bodies 12 and are bonded by the hard foam 18 with the tubular hollow bodies 12.
  • cover layer or cover layers can also be connected by screws to the core of the lightweight elements 2 consisting of the hollow bodies 12 and the hard foam 18.
  • the rigid foam 18 is a PIR foam, ie polyurethane foam, which is crosslinked higher than the conventional polyurethane foam and is thus dimensionally stable even at higher temperatures. Due to the dimensional stability and the relatively small pore dimensions of less than 1 mm, the hard foam 18 in the manufacture of the lightweight wall elements 2 in the FIGS. 1 to 8 be formed on the two opposite vertical narrow sides of each wall element 2 to a groove 30 and a spring 32, so that adjacent wall elements 2 by means of a tongue and groove joint 30, 32 are connected to one another.
  • PIR foam ie polyurethane foam
  • the lightweight wall elements 2 are each provided at its upper and lower ends with a closure strip 34.
  • the end strip 34 has a remote from the ends of the hollow body 12 planar broadside 36.
  • the ends of the hollow body 12 facing broadside 38 is a series of cylindrical projections 40, whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular hollow body 12, so that they are in the open ends of the chambers 6 at the ends of the hollow body 12 can be introduced and thus improve the cohesion of the hollow body 12 at the top and bottom.
  • the free ends of the projections 40 are tapered or chamfered.
  • the end strips 34 have a length and width corresponding to the length and width of the lightweight wall elements 2 and can be mounted in the manufacture of the lightweight wall elements 2 or in the installation thereof. In the latter case, the strips 34 can each be offset from the tongue and groove joints 30, 32 are attached to the joints of adjacent lightweight wall elements 2, so that they bridge the shocks.
  • lightweight wall elements 2 having a height of 980 mm, a width of 250 mm and a thickness of 56 mm, consisting of a series of cylindrical tubular hollow bodies 12, which at their outer and inner peripheral surfaces 14, 16 with an epoxy or polyisocyanurate reaction resin 10 are coated, and two cover layers 28 of mineral fiber cover plates with a thickness of 3 mm on both broad sides and a filling of PIR rigid foam 18 in the interstices or gussets 20 between the tubular hollow bodies 12 and the cover layers 28 according to Fig. 4 in the direction of the longitudinal central axes 8 of the hollow body 12 can absorb a pressure load of more than 2.5 t before it comes to a breakage of the wall elements 10.
  • the high carrying capacity of the lightweight elements 2 in the direction of the longitudinal center axes 8 of the tubular hollow body 12 is achieved by the coating of the outer and inner peripheral surfaces 14 and 16 of the hollow body 12 with the resin 10, after its crosslinking and curing the compressive strength of the hollow body 12 in the direction of their Longitudinal central axes 8 increased by a multiple.
  • the multi-chamber hollow section 4 is not one or more rows of individual, interconnected hollow bodies 12, but of two or more mutually adjacent and interconnected plates 42, each having a cross section in the form of a sine wave with alternating projections in Have wave form 44 and depressions in the form of troughs 46.
  • the wave crests 44 and the wave troughs 46 of adjacent plates 42 are offset by a half-wave against each other, so that in each case the wave peaks 44 and the troughs 46 of the two plates 42 are opposite, with each opposite wave peaks 44 abut with their apexes 50 against each other and at the apex 50th glued together.
  • a row of juxtaposed chambers 6, which have the same cross sections, which remain the same in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the chambers 6, is formed between two adjacent plates 42.
  • the adjacent chambers 6 are separated from each other by the adhesive 50 at the apexes 50.
  • the plates 42 like the hollow profiles 6, consist of one or more paper layers and are provided with a coating of the resin 10 on their inner surfaces 52 facing the chambers 6 and on their outer surfaces 54 facing away from the chambers 6, as previously for the hollow bodies 12 described.
  • the resin 10 used for coating is the same as previously described.
  • the wall thicknesses of the plates 42 and the ratio of the cross-sectional dimensions of the chambers 6 to the wall thickness of the plates 42, which form the boundary walls of the chambers 6, are similar as previously described for the hollow bodies 12.
  • the wall element 2 in Fig. 11 is like the wall element 2 in 3 and 4 with two flat cover layers 28 in the form of thin mineral fiber boards or one Provided fiber-reinforced resin, which abut against the apex 56 of the troughs 46 and are glued between them with hard foam 18 to the multi-chamber hollow section 4, wherein the hard foam 18, the gusset 20 between the chambers 6 facing away from the outer surfaces 54 of the plates 42 and the Cover layers 28 fills.
  • the multi-chamber hollow section 4 of the wall element 2 in Fig. 11 consists of two superimposed plates 4, there is the multi-chamber hollow section 4 of the wall element 2 in FIGS. 12 and 13 from a total of four superimposed plates 42 with wave-shaped cross-section, which delimit between them three rows of chambers 6.
  • the chambers 6 adjacent rows are offset in the lateral direction in each case by half the chamber width against each other, so that only chambers 6, but not filled with foam 18 gusset 20 are formed between the plates 42.
  • the inner plates 42 are in each case with the crests 50 of their crests 44 against one of the two adjacent plates 42 and the crests 56 of the wave troughs 46 against the other adjacent plate 42 and are there bonded to the adjacent plates 42.
  • the hard foam 18 fills the gussets 20 between the outer surfaces 54 of the outermost plates 42 facing away from the chambers 6 and forms the surfaces of the two broad sides 22 of the wall element 2.
  • lightweight construction element 2 in the form of a plate-shaped ceiling or floor element consists of a plurality of short tubular hollow bodies 12 which in the hard foam 18 (only in Fig. 15 shown) are embedded.
  • the hollow body 12 are vertically aligned and are in each case with its outer periphery 14 against the outer periphery 14 of adjacent hollow body 12, with which they are glued back through the hard foam 18 in the interstices or gussets 20.
  • the hollow bodies 12 each have the same length and are supported with their opposite aligned end faces against parallel flat plate-shaped cover layers 28, which close the openings of the hollow body 12 on the top and bottom of the plate-shaped ceiling or floor element 2 and also increase its flexural rigidity before especially when the ends of the hollow body 12 are glued by the hard foam 18 with the inside of the adjacent cover layers 28.
  • the cover layers 28 may be made of any suitable material.
  • On the narrow sides of the lightweight elements 2 grooves (not shown) and springs 32 are again provided so that adjacent elements 2 can be connected by tongue and groove joints 30, 32 together.
  • Fig. 17 shows a cross section through a portion of another lightweight element 2 in the form of a plate-shaped ceiling or floor element, in which the open ends of the chambers 6 are closed instead of plate-shaped cover layers 28 by layers 60 of a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin 62.
  • the hollow body 12 as in the ceiling or floor element 2 in Fig. 15 arranged in a dense array of staggered rows in which each hollow body 12 rests with its outer peripheral surface 14 against the outer peripheral surfaces 14 of six adjacent hollow bodies 12.
  • the opposing hollow body 12 are glued together by means of the coating 10 consisting of the resin 10 on the outer peripheral surfaces 14 to form a rigid honeycomb structure, for example by supplying heat in an oven.
  • the upper and lower ends of the chambers 6 at the broad sides of the honeycomb structure are closed by one or more layers 60 of the fiber reinforced synthetic resin 62 by placing a nonwoven 64, fabric or scrim of synthetic resin, glass or carbon fibers on each upward turned broadside of the honeycomb structure is placed so that it completely covers the open ends of the chambers 6.
  • the nonwoven fabric 64, fabric or scrim is impregnated with the curable synthetic resin 62, which is cast in a thin layer on the upper side of the nonwoven fabric 64, fabric or scrim, and through the nonwoven fabric 64, fabric or scrim to the ends of the hollow bodies 12 penetrates where it adheres during curing.
  • the tubular chambers 6 enclosed by the multichamber hollow section 4 may either be empty or contain a heat or sound insulating material, for example polystyrene granules 56, paper flakes or sand, as exemplified in part of the chambers 6 in FIG Fig. 11 shown.
  • a heat or sound insulating material for example polystyrene granules 56, paper flakes or sand, as exemplified in part of the chambers 6 in FIG Fig. 11 shown.
  • the chambers are filled with hard foam 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Élément structural léger (2) porteur ou pouvant être porteur, comprenant une ou plusieurs rangées de chambres parallèles (6) qui sont à chaque fois entourées par des parois de limitation tubulaires, les parois de limitation se composant au moins en partie de papier, les parois de limitation de chambres adjacentes (6) étant connectées les unes aux autres et formant un profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) qui possède une section transversale constante dans la direction des axes médians longitudinaux (8) des chambres (6), les surfaces intérieures (52) tournées vers les chambres (6) ainsi que les surfaces extérieures opposées aux chambres (6) des parois de limitation étant pourvues d'un revêtement (10) et/ou d'une imprégnation hydrophobes et augmentant la rigidité en flexion et/ou la résistance à la compression du papier, le profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) comprenant une ou plusieurs rangées de corps creux cylindriques (12), chacun des corps creux cylindriques (12) délimitant l'une des chambres (6) et les chambres (6) ainsi que les espaces ou les interstices cunéiformes (20) entre les corps creux adjacents (12) étant remplis d'une mousse dure (18) reliant les unes aux autres les parois de limitation des chambres adjacentes (6), caractérisé en ce que la mousse dure (18) est une mousse de réaction durcissante constituée de deux ou plus de deux composants, à savoir une mousse de polyuréthane dure hautement réticulée et en ce que les pores individuels de la mousse dure sont très petits et présentent des dimensions en section transversale inférieures à 0,5 mm.
  2. Élément structural léger selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la mousse dure (18) est appliquée sur au moins un côté extérieur du profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) opposé aux chambres (6).
  3. Élément structural léger selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les parois de limitation se composent de moins de quatre couches de papier collées les unes aux autres et présentent une épaisseur de paroi inférieure à 2 mm.
  4. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement et/ou l'imprégnation se composent d'une résine plastique thermodurcissable (10) ou d'une résine synthétique appliquée à l'état fluide sur les surfaces et ensuite réticulée.
  5. Élément structural léger selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement et/ou l'imprégnation se composent d'une résine de polyisocyanurate ou d'époxyisocyanurate.
  6. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) comprend une ou plusieurs rangées de corps creux tubulaires (12) disposés les uns à côté des autres, qui s'appliquent avec leur périphérie extérieure (14) contre la périphérie extérieure (14) de corps creux tubulaires adjacents (12) et qui sont collés avec les corps creux adjacents (12) par le revêtement et/ou la mousse dure (18).
  7. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) s'étend en continu sur toute la hauteur de l'élément structural léger (10).
  8. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre les dimensions en section transversale des chambres (6) et l'épaisseur de paroi des parois de limitation (12, 42) est supérieur à 25 : 1 et de préférence supérieur à 50 : 1 et le plus préférablement vaut environ 100 : 1.
  9. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la mousse dure (18) forme au moins une surface (22) de l'élément structural léger (10).
  10. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé par une couche de recouvrement supplémentaire (28).
  11. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une rainure (30) et une languette (32) sont disposées au niveau de deux côtés étroits opposés, lesquelles sont formées dans la mousse dure (18) ou sont fraisées dans la mousse dure (18).
  12. Élément structural léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, sous la forme d'une plaque de plancher ou de plafond, caractérisé en ce que le profilé creux à plusieurs chambres (4) se compose d'une pluralité de corps creux tubulaires courts (12) dont les extrémités opposées ouvertes forment à chaque fois une surface plane et sont fermées par au moins une couche (60) d'une résine renforcée par des fibres (62, 64) adhérant aux extrémités des corps creux (12) .
  13. Conteneur de fret ou habitable comprenant un plancher, des parois latérales et un plafond, caractérisé en ce que le plancher et/ou au moins une partie des parois latérales et/ou le plafond se composent d'éléments structuraux légers (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  14. Carrosserie de wagon ferroviaire ou de poids-lourds comprenant un plancher, des parois latérales et un plafond, caractérisée en ce que le plancher et/ou au moins une partie des parois latérales et/ou le plafond se composent d'éléments structuraux légers (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12.
EP11794641.8A 2011-02-25 2011-11-28 Élément structural léger porteur Active EP2678490B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20190636 HRP20190636T1 (hr) 2011-02-25 2019-04-02 Lagani građevinski element koji je sposoban nositi ili je nosiv

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102011012492 2011-02-25
DE102011014206A DE102011014206A1 (de) 2011-03-17 2011-03-17 Tragfähiges oder tragendes Leichtbauelement
PCT/EP2011/005960 WO2012113423A1 (fr) 2011-02-25 2011-11-28 Élément structural léger porteur

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EP2678490A1 EP2678490A1 (fr) 2014-01-01
EP2678490B1 true EP2678490B1 (fr) 2019-01-02

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EP (1) EP2678490B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2678490T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20190636T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012113423A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012112159A1 (de) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-12 Krones Ag Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Getränken mit Wandungselementen aus Kunststoff
WO2018178191A2 (fr) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 Heying Und Herzsprung Gbr Plaque de construction résistante à la chaleur et à la compression

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2836418A1 (de) * 1978-08-19 1980-02-28 Helmut Dipl Phys Nussbaum Halbzeug fuer sandwich-leichtbauweisen, hergestellt aus roehrchen von vlies-werkstoff, z.b. aus papier
GB2341619A (en) * 1995-10-24 2000-03-22 H H Robertson Panel with open cell honeycomb structure

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH323528A (de) * 1956-05-23 1957-08-15 Senn Duerig Jakob Hohlplatte
FR2086891A5 (fr) * 1970-04-13 1971-12-31 Jacquelin Guy
DE10018710A1 (de) 2000-04-14 2001-10-18 Hasit Trockenmoertel Gmbh Leichtbauwand, Verfahren als auch System zu deren Herstellung sowie Wandelement
NL1024505C2 (nl) * 2003-10-10 2004-10-04 Unda Maris B V Althans in hoofdzaak uit cellulose materiaal vervaardigd vlak wandpaneel.
NL2000060C2 (nl) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-23 Unda Maris Holding N V Plaatvormig materiaal.
US20110089183A1 (en) * 2007-10-02 2011-04-21 Herbert Gundelsheimer Composite panel and its production

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2836418A1 (de) * 1978-08-19 1980-02-28 Helmut Dipl Phys Nussbaum Halbzeug fuer sandwich-leichtbauweisen, hergestellt aus roehrchen von vlies-werkstoff, z.b. aus papier
GB2341619A (en) * 1995-10-24 2000-03-22 H H Robertson Panel with open cell honeycomb structure

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EP2678490A1 (fr) 2014-01-01
DK2678490T3 (en) 2019-04-23
HRP20190636T1 (hr) 2019-11-01
WO2012113423A1 (fr) 2012-08-30

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