EP2674685B1 - Klimaanlage - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2674685B1
EP2674685B1 EP13168014.2A EP13168014A EP2674685B1 EP 2674685 B1 EP2674685 B1 EP 2674685B1 EP 13168014 A EP13168014 A EP 13168014A EP 2674685 B1 EP2674685 B1 EP 2674685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
bellmouth
opening
air conditioner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13168014.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2674685A1 (de
Inventor
Toshihiro Kizawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daikin Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Daikin Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daikin Industries Ltd filed Critical Daikin Industries Ltd
Publication of EP2674685A1 publication Critical patent/EP2674685A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2674685B1 publication Critical patent/EP2674685B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0011—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by air outlets
    • F24F1/0014—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by air outlets having two or more outlet openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
    • F24F1/005—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements mounted on the floor; standing on the floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
    • F24F1/0063—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers by the mounting or arrangement of the heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0018—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by fans
    • F24F1/0022—Centrifugal or radial fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
    • F24F2013/205—Mounting a ventilator fan therein

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner.
  • an air conditioner in which a front panel of a casing, a heat exchanger, and a bellmouth are arranged in this order from front to back of the casing, and air inlets are provided around the front panel.
  • Such an air conditioner is provided with a once-through fan, which generates an air flow in which air is sucked in from the air inlets, passes through the heat exchanger and an opening of the bellmouth, and is blown out from air outlets (see patent document 1).
  • the second patent document discloses an air conditioner mountable to a ceiling with a suction opening in a central part of a front panel and with air outlets disposed to all four sides of the suction opening and additional air outlet disposed at side walls located adjacent and above of the front panel.
  • EP 1 512 919 A2 discloses an indoor unit of an air conditioner.
  • the indoor unit has an improved airflow structure, for a rapid air conditioning of the room, a user's convenience, and an efficiency of the air conditioner.
  • US 5,787,717 A discloses a suction inlet/discharge outlet opening or closing apparatus for an air conditioner having a function to close a suction inlet and a discharge outlet at the time of recovery of electric power, with reference to a time duration retrieved from an appropriate storage containing the time duration counted during a closing/opening of the suction inlet and discharge outlet, and a method therefor.
  • the apparatus includes a voltage sensing unit for detecting input voltage varied during an opening or closing of the suction inlet and discharge outlet, a control unit for determining whether or not power failure occurs and, based upon the input voltage sensed by the voltage sensing unit, for controlling the opening or closing of the discharge outlet door and suction grille, a memory unit for memorizing the time interval for an opening or closing of the discharge outlet door and suction grille before the power failure occurs, and a driving unit adapted to move the discharge outlet door and suction grille only for the time interval stored in the memory means such that the discharge outlet and suction inlet are fully closed.
  • WO 2006/078083 A2 discloses an air conditioner of a new structure which can reduce a total size of the air conditioner, and reduce noise in operation, while providing a high air flow v rate and a high air pressure.
  • the air conditioner includes a cabinet having a plurality of air passages for drawing and discharging air, a heat exchanger in the cabinet, a helical fan having a cylindrical hub, and a plurality of blades each formed on an outside circumferential surface of the hub twisted along an axis direction of the hub in a helix starting from one end to the other end of the hub, for forced blow of air in an axial direction which is a vertical direction of the cabinet, a driving motor under the helical fan for rotating the helical fan in one direction, a motor mount mounted in the cabinet for supporting the driving motor, and an air guide over the helical fan for guiding air from the helical fan to flow to an outer side.
  • the air inlets are provided around the front panel, and thus it is possible to improve the design of the front panel.
  • the air suction resistance is increased compared to the case where the air inlets are provided in the center of the front panel. This causes the output of the once-through fan to be insufficient, making it difficult to secure the necessary static pressure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of securing the necessary static pressure even when the arrangement of air inlets is such that the suction resistance tends to increase.
  • Claim 2 relates to a preferred embodiment.
  • An air conditioner according to claim 1 includes a heat exchanger, a bellmouth, a casing, and a turbofan.
  • the bellmouth is disposed behind the heat exchanger such that an opening thereof through which air passes faces the heat exchanger.
  • the casing has a front panel that covers the front side of the heat exchanger, and is provided with air inlets and air outlets.
  • the turbofan is disposed behind the bellmouth, and generates an air flow in which air is sucked in from the air inlets, passes through the heat exchanger and the opening of the bellmouth, and is blown out from the air outlets.
  • the air inlets are provided in the front panel and/or around thereof, and are located substantially outside the opening of the bellmouth as seen from the front. Further, the distance between the heat exchanger and the bellmouth is equal to or greater than 10% of the diameter of the opening of the bellmouth.
  • the casing has the heat exchanger, the bellmouth, and turbo fan arranged in this order from front to back inside thereof.
  • an air flow is generated by the turbofan, so that it is possible to secure the necessary static pressure even when the arrangement of the air inlets is such that the suction resistance tends to increase.
  • air tends to unevenly flow mainly through the center of the heat exchanger, which may reduce the heat exchange efficiency; however, the present invention can improve the air conditioning efficiency because the distance between the heat exchanger and the bellmouth is equal to or greater than 10% of the diameter of the opening of the bellmouth, allowing air to easily flow over a larger area of the heat exchanger.
  • an air flow is generated by the turbo fan, so that it is possible to secure the necessary static pressure even when the arrangement of the air inlets is such that the suction resistance tends to increase.
  • it is possible to improve the air conditioning efficiency because the distance between the heat exchanger and the bellmouth is equal to or greater than 10% of the diameter of the opening of the bellmouth, which allows air to easily flow over a larger area of the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of the air conditioner 1
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the air conditioner 1.
  • Figure 3 is a side cross sectional view of the air conditioner 1.
  • the air conditioner 1 is a floor standing indoor unit, and is provided with a casing 2, an indoor heat exchanger 4, a bellmouth 13, and an air blowing device 5. Note that the terms “up”, “down”, “left”, and “right” used in the description below refer to the up, down, left, and right sides of the air conditioner 1 as seen from the front.
  • the casing 2 comprises a hollow body made of synthetic resin, and houses the indoor heat exchanger 4, the bellmouth 13, and the air blowing device 5 therein.
  • the casing 2 includes a casing main body 21 and a front panel 22 attached to a front surface of the casing main body 21.
  • the front surface of the casing main body 21 has a large opening formed therein.
  • the casing main body 21 has the indoor heat exchanger 4, the bellmouth 13, and the air blowing device 5 arranged in this order from front to back inside thereof.
  • the front surface of the casing 2 has a first air outlet 6 and a second air outlet 7 provided thereto.
  • the first air outlet 6 is an opening having a horizontally long shape that is disposed along the upper end of the front surface of the casing 2, and air that is blown out into the room passes therethrough.
  • the second air outlet 7 is an opening having a horizontally long shape that is disposed along the lower end of the front surface of the casing 2, and air that is blown out into the room passes therethrough.
  • the first air outlet 6 is provided with a first flap 61 that guides air blown out from the first air outlet 6 such that the first flap 61 can freely pivot, and the first air outlet 6 can be opened and closed by the first flap 61.
  • the second air outlet 7 is provided with a second flap 62 that guides air blown out from the second air outlet 7 such that the second flap 62 can freely pivot.
  • the front panel 22 is mounted to the front surface of the casing main body 21, and has an outer shape that is smaller than the front surface of the casing main body 21.
  • the front panel 22 covers the front side of the indoor heat exchanger 4, and is disposed below the first air outlet 6 as seen from the front.
  • a front surface of the front panel 22 is disposed at a slight distance forward from the front surface of the casing main body 21.
  • Side surfaces 23 and 24 of the front panel 22 which connect the side end portions of the front surface of the front panel 22 to the front surface of the casing main body 21 are provided with a first air inlet 8 and a second air inlet 9, respectively.
  • the first air inlet 8 is an opening having a longitudinally long shape that is disposed in the right side surface 23 of the front panel 22, and air sucked into the casing 2 from the room passes therethrough.
  • the second air inlet 9 is an opening having a longitudinally long shape that is disposed in the left side surface 24 of the front panel 22, and air sucked into the casing 2 from the room passes therethrough.
  • a top surface 25 of the front panel 22 which connects the upper end portion of the front surface of the front panel 22 to the front surface of the casing main body 21 is provided with a third air inlet 10.
  • the third air inlet 10 is an opening having a horizontally long shape that is disposed below the first air outlet 6, and air sucked into the casing 2 from the room passes therethrough.
  • a bottom portion of the front surface of the front panel 22 is provided with a fourth air inlet 11.
  • the fourth air inlet 11 is an opening having a horizontally long shape that is disposed above the second air outlet 7, and air sucked into the casing 2 from the room passes therethrough.
  • a bottom surface of the front panel 22 which connects the front lower end of the front panel 22 to the front surface of the casing main body 21 is closed.
  • a portion between the third air inlet 10 and the fourth air inlet 11 of the front surface of the casing 2 is a flat panel portion 20 in which an opening is not provided.
  • the casing 2 has the four air inlets from the first air inlet 8 through the fourth air inlet 11 provided in the front panel 22, one at each of the four sides (up, down, left, and right) around the flat panel portion 20, and air is sucked in from the four sides (up, down, left, and right) of the flat panel portion 20.
  • these air inlets 8 through 11 are located outside the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13 as seen from the front.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 4 shown in Figure 3 constitutes a refrigerant circuit together with an outdoor heat exchanger disposed in the outdoor unit (not shown) and performs heat exchange with air that passes through the indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 4 is disposed behind the front panel 22.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 4 has a thin plate-like outer shape and is disposed parallel to the flat panel portion 20.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 4 has the same size as the front panel 22 as seen from the front, and the following expression is obtained: S/B ⁇ 0.15, where B is the projected area of the indoor heat exchanger 4 as seen from the front, and S (not shown) is the total suction area of the above described air inlets 8 through 11, as shown in Figure 4 .
  • the total suction area S of the air inlets 8 through 11 is equal to or greater than 15% of the projected area B of the indoor heat exchanger 4 as seen from the front.
  • the bellmouth 13 is disposed behind the indoor heat exchanger 4, and the bellmouth 13 includes a flat portion 15 and a circular tube portion 16.
  • the flat portion 15 has an outer shape that is about the same size as that of the indoor heat exchanger 4 as seen from the front, and is disposed parallel to the indoor heat exchanger 4 so as to face the rear surface of the indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the flat portion 15 is connected to the edge on the entrance side of an opening 14 of the circular tube portion 16. Note that the circular tube portion 16 curves such that the diameter of its front end side expands, and the circular tube portion 16 is loosely connected to the peripheral edge of the opening 14.
  • the following expression is obtained: a/d ⁇ 0.1, where "a” is the distance between the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the bellmouth 13, i.e., the distance between the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the entrance of the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13, and “d” is the diameter of the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13.
  • the distance "a” between the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the bellmouth 13 is equal to or greater than the diameter "d” of the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13.
  • the rear end of the circular tube portion 16 enters inside a fan cover 53 (described later) through an opening on a front surface of the fan cover 53.
  • the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13 has an outer shape that is smaller than that of the indoor heat exchanger 4 as seen from the front.
  • the air blowing device 5 is disposed behind the bellmouth 13, and generates an air flow in which air is sucked in from each of the air inlets 8 through 11, passes through the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13, and is blown out from each of the air outlets 6 and 7.
  • the air blowing device 5 is a turbofan that sucks in air from the front and causes the wind to blow out in a centrifugal direction.
  • the air blowing device 5 includes a fan rotor 51, a fan motor 52, and the fan cover 53.
  • the fan rotor 51 is disposed such that a rotation axis AX thereof is horizontal.
  • the fan rotor 51 includes a plurality of blades disposed so as to spiral away from the rotation axis AX.
  • the fan motor 52 is a driving source for rotatingly driving the fan rotor 51, and is disposed behind the fan rotor 51.
  • the fan cover 53 is a member that is disposed in front of the fan rotor 51. An opening through which air that is taken into the fan cover 53 passes is disposed in the front surface of the fan cover 53. Air that passes through the opening in the front surface of the fan cover 53 branches up and down as a result of being blown out in a centrifugal direction by the fan rotor 51 and is blown out into the room from the first air outlet 6 and the second air outlet 7.
  • the air conditioner 1 can further improve the air conditioning efficiency because the distance "a" between the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the bellmouth 13 is equal to or greater than 10% of the diameter "d" of the opening 14 of the bellmouth 13, allowing air to easily flow over a larger area of the indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • a sufficient effect of an increase in the air conditioning efficiency can be obtained in the range where a/d ⁇ 10%.
  • the present invention has an effect of securing the necessary static pressure even when the arrangement of air inlets is such that the suction resistance tends to increase, and the present invention is useful as an air conditioner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning Room Units, And Self-Contained Units In General (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Klimaanlage (1) mit:
    einem Wärmetauscher (4);
    einer Düse (13), die hinter dem Wärmetauscher (4) angeordnet ist, sodass eine Öffnung (14) derselben, durch welche Luft gelangt, dem Wärmetauscher (4) zugewandt ist;
    einem Gehäuse (2) mit einem Vorderpaneel (22), welches die Vorderseite des Wärmetauschers (4) überdeckt und mit Lufteinlässen (8-11) und Luftauslässen (6, 7) versehen ist; und
    einem Turbogebläse (5), das hinter der Düse (13) angeordnet ist und dazu geeignet ist, eine Luftströmung zu erzeugen, bei der Luft von den Lufteinlässen (8-11) eingesaugt wird, durch den Wärmetauscher (4) und die Öffnung (14) der Düse (13) gelangt, und von den Luftauslässen (6, 7) nach außen geblasen wird, wobei
    das Gehäuse (2) den Wärmetauscher (4), die Düse (13) und das Turbogebläse (5), angeordnet in dieser Reihenfolge von vorne nach hinten innerhalb desselben, aufweist,
    die Lufteinlässe (8-11) in dem Vorderpaneel (22) und/oder um dieses vorgesehen sind und im Wesentlichen außerhalb der Öffnung (14) der Düse (13) angeordnet sind, wenn von vorne betrachtet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Abstand zwischen dem Wärmetauscher (4) und der Düse (13) identisch ist mit oder grösser ist als 10 % des Durchmessers der Öffnung (14) der Düse (13).
  2. Klimaanlage (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    das Vorderpaneel (22) einen flachen Paneelabschnitt (20) aufweist, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit der Öffnung (14) der Düse (13) überlappt, wenn von vorne betrachtet, und vor dem Wärmetauscher (4) angeordnet ist, und
    die Lufteinlässe (8-11) um den flachen Paneelabschnitt (20) vorgesehen sind.
EP13168014.2A 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage Active EP2674685B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006304788A JP4274229B2 (ja) 2006-11-10 2006-11-10 空気調和機
EP07831441.6A EP2090839B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage
PCT/JP2007/071710 WO2008056740A1 (fr) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Climatiseur

Related Parent Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07831441.6A Division-Into EP2090839B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage
EP07831441.6A Division EP2090839B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage
EP07831441.6 Division 2007-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2674685A1 EP2674685A1 (de) 2013-12-18
EP2674685B1 true EP2674685B1 (de) 2020-04-08

Family

ID=39364551

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07831441.6A Active EP2090839B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage
EP13168014.2A Active EP2674685B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07831441.6A Active EP2090839B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-08 Klimaanlage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2090839B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4274229B2 (de)
AU (2) AU2007318556B2 (de)
ES (2) ES2566110T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2008056740A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103574771B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2016-12-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 立式空调器及其控制方法
JP6481340B2 (ja) * 2014-11-13 2019-03-13 株式会社ノーリツ ファンコンベクタ
CN104896582B (zh) * 2015-05-08 2017-10-27 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006078083A2 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Lg Electronics Inc. Air conditioner

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JPS6458965A (en) 1987-08-31 1989-03-06 Toshiba Corp Air conditioner with radiation panel
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JP2947236B2 (ja) * 1997-08-08 1999-09-13 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和機の吹出口構造
JP2001201169A (ja) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-27 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 空気調和機及び空気清浄器
JP2001208366A (ja) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気調和機
JP4604313B2 (ja) 2000-06-19 2011-01-05 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置の室内機
JP2003013892A (ja) * 2001-04-26 2003-01-15 Daikin Ind Ltd 送風機及び該送風機を備えた空気調和機
AU2004271060B2 (en) * 2003-09-04 2008-07-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Indoor unit in air conditioner
WO2005040690A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-05-06 Lg Electronics Ltd. Indoor unit in air conditioner
JP4446166B2 (ja) * 2004-10-14 2010-04-07 ソニー株式会社 送信装置および方法、記録媒体、プログラム、並びに制御装置
KR100727461B1 (ko) * 2004-12-29 2007-06-13 엘지전자 주식회사 공기조화기의 실내기
JP4706305B2 (ja) * 2005-03-31 2011-06-22 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和機
JP4862302B2 (ja) * 2005-04-21 2012-01-25 ダイキン工業株式会社 送風装置

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006078083A2 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Lg Electronics Inc. Air conditioner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4274229B2 (ja) 2009-06-03
AU2007318556B2 (en) 2010-11-11
EP2090839A1 (de) 2009-08-19
AU2007318556A1 (en) 2008-05-15
EP2090839B1 (de) 2016-01-13
WO2008056740A1 (fr) 2008-05-15
AU2010227085A1 (en) 2010-11-04
AU2010227085B2 (en) 2011-12-08
JP2008121951A (ja) 2008-05-29
ES2802248T3 (es) 2021-01-18
EP2090839A4 (de) 2013-02-13
ES2566110T3 (es) 2016-04-11
EP2674685A1 (de) 2013-12-18

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