EP2655108A1 - Dispositif de climatisation pour un véhicule et procédé pour régler un climat dans un habitacle d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation pour un véhicule et procédé pour régler un climat dans un habitacle d'un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP2655108A1
EP2655108A1 EP11788483.3A EP11788483A EP2655108A1 EP 2655108 A1 EP2655108 A1 EP 2655108A1 EP 11788483 A EP11788483 A EP 11788483A EP 2655108 A1 EP2655108 A1 EP 2655108A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal energy
evaporator
vehicle
passenger compartment
adsorber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11788483.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joerg Heyse
Anton Dukart
Thomas Demmer
Martin Fischer
Michael Ritter
Jens RITZERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2655108A1 publication Critical patent/EP2655108A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00328—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-air type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B60H1/32014—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption using adsorption, e.g. using Zeolite and water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H3/0608—Filter arrangements in the air stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0691—Adsorption filters, e.g. activated carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • Adsorption heat storage for mobile application for passenger compartment heating and cooling are known as such.
  • EP 1 809 499 B1 describes an adsorption heat pump for air conditioning of a motor vehicle.
  • a disadvantage of the known devices is that they can only provide a heating or cooling capacity.
  • a recirculation mode that is, when a room to be cooled or heated, for example, a passenger compartment, no fresh air is supplied, thereby decreases with increasing duration of an air quality in the room, for example, the passenger compartment from.
  • a carbon dioxide content of the air increases, at the same time an oxygen content of the air decreases.
  • a moisture content due to respiration and perspiration of persons also increases.
  • fresh air could be supplied from the outside.
  • this fresh air must be consuming cooled or heated depending on the temperature, which consumes additional energy.
  • this measure shortens the maximum possible range to up to 50% due to the additional power consumption. In a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, this measure increases fuel consumption. ⁇
  • the object underlying the invention can therefore be seen to provide an air conditioning device for a vehicle and a method for regulating a climate in a passenger compartment of a vehicle, which overcome the known disadvantages and ensure good air quality in the passenger compartment with low power consumption or fuel consumption.
  • This object is achieved by means of the subject matter of the independent claims.
  • Advantageous embodiments are the subject of each dependent subclaims.
  • an air conditioning device for a vehicle comprises a thermal energy store. Furthermore, a gas recycler for processing a gas mixture located in a passenger compartment of the vehicle is formed. The gas mixture is preferably air. The gas recycler can then also be referred to as an air recycler.
  • a method of controlling a climate in a passenger compartment of a vehicle is provided.
  • a gas mixture located in the passenger compartment is treated.
  • the gas mixture is preferably air.
  • the gas recycler is coupled to the thermal energy store for exchanging thermal energy. If, for example, the gas recycler processes a see withdraws energy, this thermal energy can be stored in an advantageous manner in the thermal energy storage, for example, to be used again for warming up the passenger compartment at a later date.
  • the thermal energy store on a cross-flow heat exchanger on a cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the two media which exchange a thermal energy with each other, intersect.
  • an exchange of thermal energy is advantageously maximized, in particular if a flow of fluid, in particular a gas stream, preferably an air stream, is involved in the heat exchange.
  • a weight and a size of the thermal energy store are advantageously minimized.
  • a vehicle weight can be kept low in an advantageous manner, which increases the range of the vehicle or consumes less fuel.
  • the thermal energy store has an evaporator and an adsorber connected to the evaporator.
  • the adsorbent preferably comprises an adsorbent, for example zeolite and / or silica gel.
  • the evaporator preferably comprises a working medium or adsorbent, for example water.
  • the working medium is preferably incorporated as a vapor (adsorptive) in the adsorbent and is referred to in the stored form as adsorbate.
  • the evaporator and / or the adsorber comprises a metal foam for receiving a working medium or adsorbent.
  • a contact surface can advantageously be increased so that an exchange of thermal energy can be carried out particularly efficiently.
  • a valve for adjusting a cooling or heating power is arranged between the evaporator and the adsorber.
  • the valve can in particular the connection between the evaporator and the
  • the evaporator and the adsorber are connected by means of a channel.
  • the valve is formed as a shut-off valve and / or as a throttle valve.
  • the heating or the cooling power can be adjusted by a metered supply of water from a tank to the evaporator.
  • a metering pump is preferably used, which is preferably arranged between the evaporator and the tank.
  • the heating or cooling power is adjusted by a cooling water supply to the adsorber is adjusted by a water pump, which can be influenced in an advantageous manner, the Adsorbertemperatur and thus the adsorption.
  • the evaporator and / or the adsorber comprise a plurality of parallel channels, in particular flat channels, which are preferably designed as flat tubes.
  • Slats are preferably arranged between the channels, in particular blind slices.
  • the lamellae can be arranged perpendicular to and parallel to the channels relative to the channels.
  • the slats are arranged in a sawtooth or triangular structure.
  • the provision of fins advantageously results in that a thermal exchange surface between two media can be increased.
  • the fins are thermally connected to the channels.
  • the working medium is preferably introduced, in particular water.
  • the adsorbent preferably zeolite and / or silica gel is introduced.
  • a fluid in particular a gas, in particular air, flow in a swing of> 0 ° relative to the channels through the fins of the evaporator or adsorber and thus exchange thermal energy with the evaporator or adsorber.
  • a thermal energy store comprising an adsorber and an evaporator with corresponding channels can also be generally referred to as a flat tube heat exchanger.
  • the channels may be filled with a metal foam. It can preferably also be provided that the channel of the adsorber is formed as a molded body comprising the adsorbent. The channel can therefore in particular with a zeolite-shaped body _.
  • a surface of an inside of the channel may be coated with the adsorbent, for example, zeolite and / or silica gel.
  • the adsorbent for example, zeolite and / or silica gel.
  • a fleece can be arranged in the channels of the evaporator, which can advantageously store the working medium, for example water, efficiently.
  • an adsorption heat pump (adsorption chiller) is coupled to the thermal energy store and / or to the gas recycler for exchanging thermal energy.
  • the adsorption heat pump is used for cooling an air stream.
  • a coefficient of performance also known as "coefficient of performance” (COP)
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • This COP indicates how much useful power (heating or cooling) per energy used
  • the energy used is electrical energy taken from the power grid when the vehicle is being charged, and the coupling between the energy storage unit and the adsorption chiller exploits the fact that the energy storage unit simultaneously provides cooling and heat In this case, the cold is used directly for controlling the temperature of the interior, while the heat from the energy storage is used as drive heat for the adsorption chiller.
  • 1 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of a method for regulating a climate in a passenger compartment of a vehicle
  • 2 is a flowchart of another method for controlling a climate in a passenger compartment of a vehicle
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic mode of operation of an evaporator and an adsorber
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a thermal energy store
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of an evaporator
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a flat channel for an evaporator and / or an adsorber
  • a vehicle with a thermal energy storage wherein a passenger compartment of the vehicle is heated
  • FIG. 14 shows the vehicle from FIGS. 11 and 12 with another embodiment of a thermal energy store (water-guided system) and
  • FIG. 15 shows a thermal energy store which is coupled to an adsorption heat pump.
  • a gas mixture is prepared, which is located in the passenger compartment.
  • the gas mixture is air.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further flow diagram of a method for regulating a climate in a passenger compartment of a vehicle.
  • carbon dioxide is filtered out of the gas mixture.
  • this filtering is done by means of an activated carbon filter and / or a molecular sieve.
  • a molecular sieve preferably comprises a gas separation membrane. This is preferably the
  • a regeneration of the activated carbon filter can preferably be carried out by means of heating, in particular by means of electrical heating.
  • the regeneration for an electric vehicle takes place during a charging operation via energy from a power grid and not while driving.
  • a reduction of the range due to power consumption from the vehicle battery can be avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • moisture in particular water vapor, is removed from the gas mixture.
  • This moisture can be due to, for example,
  • the moisture is removed from the gas mixture by means of adsorption in zeolite or silica gel.
  • the zeolite or the silica gel can be regenerated by means of heating, in particular by means of electrical heating.
  • the regeneration preferably takes place for an electric vehicle during the charging operation via energy from the power grid and not while driving in order to avoid a reduction of the range due to power consumption from the vehicle battery.
  • a carbon dioxide content and / or an oxygen content and / or a moisture content of the gas mixture are monitored or controlled by appropriately designed sensors.
  • a corresponding control of the gas mixture preparation takes place depending on the detected sensor values.
  • the passenger compartment can be supplied with additional oxygen.
  • the supplied oxygen can be provided either by means of oxygen bottles and / or by means of decomposition of the outside air by means of a molecular sieve.
  • pollutants and / or dusts and / or pollen are removed from the gas mixture. This can preferably be carried out by means of appropriate filters.
  • a recirculation mode can generally be extended.
  • outside air which would otherwise have to be supplied to the passenger compartment in order to ensure a permissible oxygen content, no longer has to be cooled or heated consuming.
  • a significant increase in the range of an electric vehicle or a reduction in the fuel consumption of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine can be achieved in an advantageous manner.
  • the windows can be kept fog-free, which improves a view through the windows, so that a driver can easily detect other vehicles or obstacles.
  • odors in particular by binding to an activated carbon filter, are removed from the gas mixture.
  • odors in particular by binding to an activated carbon filter
  • a limit value for a CO 2 content is set at 0.15% by volume.
  • an oxygen content is adjusted to 17%, in particular 21% by volume.
  • a relative humidity is preferably ⁇ 65%. ⁇
  • the method according to the invention can generally also be used in a building in order to process an air in the building.
  • energy can advantageously be saved in an advantageous manner.
  • the embodiments described with respect to a vehicle apply analogously to a building as well.
  • the air conditioning device according to the invention can also generally be used in a building.
  • FIG. 3 shows an air conditioning device 301 comprising a thermal energy store 303 and a gas recycler 305.
  • the gas recycler 305 is in particular configured to prepare a gas mixture (not shown) located in a passenger compartment (not shown) of the vehicle (not shown).
  • the thermal energy store 303 is thermally coupled to the gas recycler 305, so that an exchange of thermal energy between the gas recycler 305 and the thermal energy store 303 can take place.
  • the air conditioning device 401 comprises a thermal energy store 403 and a gas recycler 405.
  • the gas recycler 405 further comprises an activated carbon filter 407.
  • an activated charcoal filter 407 By means of the activated charcoal filter 407, it is in particular possible to filter out carbon dioxide from the gas mixture.
  • a carbon dioxide content in a passenger compartment can be kept below a critical value.
  • 5 shows another air conditioning device 501.
  • the air conditioning device 501 comprises a thermal energy store 503 and a gas recycler 505.
  • the thermal energy store 503 comprises an evaporator 507 and an adsorber 509.
  • the evaporator 507 and the adsorber 509 are connected via a channel (not shown). interconnected, wherein in the channel a valve 51 1 is provided.
  • the valve 51 1 is preferably designed as a shut-off valve and / or as a throttle valve, so that thereby the connection between the evaporator 507 and the adsorber 509 can be interrupted or continuously narrowed.
  • a cooling or heating power of the thermal energy storage 503 can be adjusted in an advantageous manner.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows an operation of an evaporator 601 and an adsorber 603.
  • the adsorber 603 is connected to the evaporator 601 via a duct 605 connected. It can be provided, for example, that in the channel 605, a valve analogous to the valve 511 of FIG. 5 is formed.
  • the evaporator 601 preferably comprises a working medium, in this embodiment water 607.
  • Adsorber 603 preferably comprises an adsorbent, in this embodiment zeolite 609 as a microporous solid.
  • a supply of heat or a supply of thermal energy to the evaporator 601 is indicated by an arrow with the reference numeral 611.
  • a heat release or removal of thermal energy from the adsorber 603 is indicated by an arrow with the reference numeral 613.
  • the water 607 stored in the evaporator 601 is evaporated.
  • the evaporation enthalpy required for this purpose is preferably extracted from an air stream which is driven, for example, by a cooling grid (not shown) of the evaporator 601.
  • This gear can be supported either by the airstream and / or additionally by a not shown fan blower.
  • the air cooled thereby can preferably be used for interior air conditioning, so that a passenger compartment can be cooled, for example.
  • a water vapor pressure is established in the evaporator 601.
  • the water vapor is pressed into the adsorber 603 as a result of the pressure gradient until it is saturated with water.
  • a cooling grid, not shown, of the adsorber 603 releases this heat to a passing air stream, for example driven by the travel wind and / or by a fan blower.
  • This air flow can in particular be supplied to a passenger compartment, so that advantageously the passenger compartment can be heated.
  • the system is evacuated.
  • the evaporator 601 and the adsorber 603 are sealed off from the environment in a vacuum-tight manner, and a partial pressure of the air contained in them is much smaller than an ambient temperature. pressure of the vehicle.
  • a vacuum is formed in the evaporator 601 and the adsorber 603 so far a vacuum is formed. This causes the evaporator 601, the water can evaporate even at temperatures below 100 ° C.
  • the partial pressure is preferably less than 1 bar. Preferably, the partial pressure goes to zero bar.
  • the zeolite 609 in the adsorber 603 is saturated with water, cooling or heating power can no longer be provided.
  • the zeolite 609 must be regenerated in this respect.
  • Such regeneration may also be generally referred to as drying out.
  • Such regeneration can be carried out, for example, by means of an electrical resistance heater (not shown).
  • the zeolite 609 or quite generally the adsorbent is heated.
  • the water is expelled from it and passes as steam to the cooler evaporator side, where the water vapor is recondensed.
  • the condensing heat emitted on the evaporator side can then be used, for example, to heat up an air flow, with which the passenger compartment can be preheated during the regeneration process in winter.
  • a valve for example a shut-off valve, is closed so that the zeolite 609 remains dry until the system is put into operation for cooling or heating.
  • a thermal energy store comprising an evaporator and an adsorber comprises a port for a vacuum pump to evacuate the adsorber and the evaporator to form a vacuum in the adsorber and in the evaporator.
  • a vacuum pump is integrated in a corresponding system.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a thermal energy store 700.
  • the thermal energy store 700 comprises an evaporator 701 and an adsorber 703.
  • the evaporator 701 is connected to the adsorber 703 by means of a channel 705.
  • the channel 705 has a valve 707, which is formed as a shut-off valve and / or as a throttle valve.
  • the evaporator 701 has a plurality of channels 709 arranged essentially parallel to one another, which in the following referred to as evaporator channels can be. Between the evaporator channels 709, ribs 713 are arranged in a sawtooth structure. The ribs 713 may also be referred to as lamellae. Preferably, the fins 713 are thermally coupled to the evaporator channels 709.
  • the adsorber 703 also has a plurality of adsorber channels 71 1 arranged essentially parallel to one another. Also between the adsorber channels 709 a plurality of fins 713 are arranged to increase a thermal exchange surface.
  • FIG. 7 only three evaporator channels 709 and three adsorber channels 71 1 are shown. In one embodiment, not shown, more or less than three evaporator channels 709 or adsorber channels 71 1 may be provided.
  • the evaporator channels 709 and / or the adsorber channels 71 1 are preferably designed as flat channels or as flat tubes.
  • the adsorbent such as water
  • the evaporator channels 709 are so far filled with the adsorbent.
  • the Adsoberkanäle 71 1 are filled with an adsorbent, such as zeolite and / or silica gel.
  • a to be cooled or to be heated air flow is indicated by an arrow with the reference numeral 715. Since the working medium or the adsorbent and the air flow 715 to be cooled or heated do not run parallel to one another but intersect, such a thermal energy store 700 can also be referred to as a crossflow heat exchanger.
  • the evaporator 701 and the adsorber 703 are so far formed as a cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 8 shows a development of the evaporator 701 in the upper drawing
  • Fig. 7 The training consists in particular that on each of a left and a right side of the evaporator channels 709 a water box 801 is formed, which provides the water for the evaporator channels 709. A corresponding coolant flow is represented by an arrow with the reference numeral 803.
  • various sectional views of the evaporator 701 and the fins 713 are shown. According to one Embodiment, the fins 713 may also be arranged parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a flat channel 901 or a flat tube, which can be used in an evaporator and / or adsorber.
  • Flat tube 901 has internally struts 903, in particular corrugated metal strips, which may be formed, for example, wave-shaped.
  • the flat tubes 901 can advantageously withstand the vacuum of a vacuum.
  • the struts 903 are soldered, for example in the form of corrugated metal strips.
  • a sufficient negative pressure stability of the flat tubes of the evaporator can also be effected in particular by means of a zeolite filling. This means that sufficient zeolite is introduced into the flat tube so that it develops a supporting effect.
  • Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of a thermal energy storage
  • the thermal energy store 1001 comprises a flat tube heat exchanger 1003.
  • the flat tube heat exchanger 1003 has a plurality of substantially parallel to each other flat tubes 1005, which are connected at their respective ends with a connecting pipe 1009 together. Between the flat tubes 1005 fins 1007 are further formed. On a connecting pipe
  • an inlet 101 1 is formed, through which water vapor, indicated symbolically by a double arrow 1012, on or can be performed.
  • the flat tube 1005 may preferably be made of aluminum.
  • a zeol ithform body 1013 Interior of the flat tube 1005 is a zeol ithform body 1013 arranged such that a channel passage 1017 remains free, can be passed through which water vapor.
  • the channel feedthrough 1017 forms a recess in the shaped zeolite body 1013 in this respect.
  • the flat channel 1005 is preferably cast with a shaped zeolite body.
  • a surface of the inside of the flat channel 1005 may also be coated with zeolite.
  • a heating wire 1015 is provided for a regeneration of the zeolite and / or the silica gel, that is a desorbing of the adsorbent.
  • a heating wire 1015 is provided for a regeneration of the zeolite and / or the silica gel, that is a desorbing of the adsorbent.
  • a heating foil can also be integrated into the zeolite or silica gel filled flat channel 1005.
  • the evaporator comprises a nonwoven, so that advantageously the water can be stored efficiently.
  • the evaporator channels and / or adsorber channels can be filled with a metal foam.
  • a metal foam in particular allows a space-saving storage of water at the same time large evaporation surface in order to effectively remove the enthalpy of vaporization from the air flow can.
  • air-fed means that the heat of adsorption for heating the interior space directly heats the passenger compartment air flow at the adsorbent.
  • the cooling capacity for cooling the interior or the passenger compartment is removed from the evaporator the supply air.
  • the supply air flow is deflected by means of flaps, so that the supply air flow is guided either via the adsorber or the evaporator.
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a vehicle 1 101 comprising a passenger compartment 1103. Furthermore, a thermal energy store 1105 is provided, which has an evaporator 1 107 and an adsorber 1109. The adsorber 1 109 is connected to the evaporator 1107 by means of a channel 1 11 1. Although not shown here, a valve in the channel 11 11 may be provided.
  • the evaporator 1 107 is filled with water 1113.
  • the adsorber 1 109 is filled with zeolite (not shown).
  • a snow rain cloud 1 115 is intended to represent symbolically that the passenger compartment 1103 must be heated so that occupants of the vehicle 1 101 feel comfortable.
  • cold outside air 117 is supplied to both the evaporator 1107 and the adsorber 1109.
  • the evaporator 1107 removes this cold outside air 1 117 heat and the adsorber 1 109 gives at a higher temperature level heat via appropriate feeds 1 119 to the Passenger compartment 1 103 off. This heat supply is shown symbolically with an arrow 1 123.
  • Fig. 12 shows the vehicle 1 101 of Fig. 1 1, in which case the passenger compartment 1 103 must be cooled, since now instead of a snow rain cloud 1 1 15 the sun
  • the evaporator 1 107 withdraws heat from a warm outside air 1203. The then cooled outside air is then passed into the passenger compartment 1 103 via leads or feeders 1205. The adsorber 1 109 also gives off its heat to a second air stream, which is then released into the environment again, which is symbolically represented by an arrow 1207.
  • the arrow with the reference numeral 1209 is intended to represent symbolically that heat is removed from the passenger compartment 1 103.
  • FIG. 13 shows the vehicle 1 101 from FIGS. 11 and 12 with an additional gas recycler 1301.
  • the gas recycler 1301 has an activated carbon filter 1303.
  • the gas recycler 1301 is thermally coupled to the thermal energy storage 1 105.
  • Such a vehicle 1 101, shown in FIG. 13, comprising a thermal energy store 1 105 and a gas recycler 1301, which together form an air conditioning device, offers the particular advantage that an air quality of the passenger compartment 1 103 in recirculation mode is high
  • Level can be ensured, while at the same time increases the range of the vehicle 1 101 and fuel consumption can be reduced due to the reduced air heating or cooling requirements and the efficient energy storage.
  • a heating power is not transmitted directly from the adsorber to the supply air, but first heats up a coolant.
  • a coolant is not transmitted directly from the adsorber to the supply air, but first heats up a coolant.
  • a coolant is used as coolant, which in particular has an antifreeze.
  • Such water with a frost protection is used in particular for cooling of internal combustion engines.
  • the zeolite storage and / or the silica gel storage are thermally insulated, so that this advantageously gives almost no heat to the environment, but only to the coolant.
  • the evaporator 1405a When heating, the evaporator 1405a must be operated in order not to inadvertently cool the supply air flow 141 1.
  • the heat provided by means of the thermal energy store 1 101 is made available to a heating heat exchanger 1407, which is likewise arranged in the supply air duct 1406. Furthermore, a radiator grille 1409 is provided, which forms a second coolant circuit 1405 with the heating heat exchanger 1407 and the thermal energy accumulator 1401. Heat can be dissipated to an adsorber of the thermal energy accumulator 1401 via this second coolant circuit 1415 and led to the heater core 1407. In the case of cooling, the heat generated in the adsorber (not shown) on the grille 1401, which may also be referred to as a front-end radiator, must be released to the environment.
  • the evaporator 1405b may also be referred to as a front-end evaporator.
  • the heating or cooling power can be set by adjusting the cooling water supply to the adsorber via a water pump , which can be influenced in an advantageous manner, the adsorber temperature and thus the adsorption rate.
  • FIG. 15 shows a thermal energy store 1501, which is thermally coupled to an adsorption heat pump 1503, wherein the adsorption heat pump 1503 is operated in particular periodically.
  • the thermal energy storage 1501 includes an evaporator / condenser unit 1505a.
  • the evaporator / condenser unit 1505a is connected to an adsorber 1507a and may supply water vapor 1508 thereto.
  • the adsorption heat pump 1503 comprises two evaporator / condenser units 1505b and 1505c, which are connected to an adsorber 1507b and 1507c, respectively, so that here too the evaporator / condenser units 1505b and 1505c supply the adsorber 1507b and 1507c respectively to steam 1508.
  • Adsorber 1507a comprises zeolite as adsorbent.
  • Adsorbers 1507b and 1507c each comprise silica gel as the adsorbent.
  • adsorbers 1507b and 1507c may contain modern zeolite types (e.g., FAU type) with low desorption temperatures.
  • the adsorption heat pump 1503 at a lower temperature, for example, at about 80 ° C, as the thermal energy storage 1501, for example, about 100 ° C, operated.
  • the adsorber 1507 in particular provides a heating energy of about 20 kWh.
  • the adsorbers 1507b and 1507c in particular each provide a heating energy of about 0.5 kWh.
  • the thermal energy storage 1501 provides heating power Q heating 1509 and refrigerating power QA / C 1511.
  • the heat output QHeating 1509 is used to operate the adsorption heat pump 1503.
  • the adsorption heat pump 1503 realizes an additional cooling capacity QA / C 1513.
  • the cooling capacities 151 1 and 1513 of the thermal energy storage 1501 and the Adsorption heat pump 1503 can be added to the total cooling capacity of the system.
  • a coefficient of performance can be increased significantly, in particular to values greater than 1.
  • the embodiment of an adsorption heat pump shown in FIG. 15 can also be referred to as a multi-cascade adsorption system.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de climatisation (501) pour un véhicule, comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie thermique (1105), un recycleur de gaz (1301) pour traiter un mélange de gaz se trouvant dans un habitacle (1103) du véhicule (1101). L'invention concerne également un procédé pour régler un climat dans un habitacle (1103) d'un véhicule (1101).
EP11788483.3A 2010-12-23 2011-11-29 Dispositif de climatisation pour un véhicule et procédé pour régler un climat dans un habitacle d'un véhicule Withdrawn EP2655108A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010064134A DE102010064134A1 (de) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Klimatisierungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Regeln eines Klimas in einer Fahrgastzelle eines Fahrzeugs
PCT/EP2011/071277 WO2012084430A1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2011-11-29 Dispositif de climatisation pour un véhicule et procédé pour régler un climat dans un habitacle d'un véhicule

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EP2655108A1 true EP2655108A1 (fr) 2013-10-30

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US (1) US20130283842A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2655108A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103269886A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010064134A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012084430A1 (fr)

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WO2016065048A1 (fr) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-28 University Of Utah Research Foundation Système de climatisation et procédés associés
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US20130283842A1 (en) 2013-10-31
CN103269886A (zh) 2013-08-28
WO2012084430A1 (fr) 2012-06-28

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