EP2653614A2 - Apparatus and method for the cleaning of wall or floor surfaces - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for the cleaning of wall or floor surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2653614A2
EP2653614A2 EP13401034.7A EP13401034A EP2653614A2 EP 2653614 A2 EP2653614 A2 EP 2653614A2 EP 13401034 A EP13401034 A EP 13401034A EP 2653614 A2 EP2653614 A2 EP 2653614A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction
nozzles
air
air nozzles
suction opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13401034.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2653614A3 (en
EP2653614B1 (en
Inventor
Albert Brock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PLASSER ESPANOLA SA
Original Assignee
Rodinia Technologies Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2653614A2 publication Critical patent/EP2653614A2/en
Publication of EP2653614A3 publication Critical patent/EP2653614A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2653614B1 publication Critical patent/EP2653614B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/005—Mobile installations, particularly for upkeeping in situ road or railway furniture, for instance road barricades, traffic signs; Mobile installations particularly for upkeeping tunnel walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0863—Apparatus loosening or removing the dirt by blowing and subsequently dislodging it at least partially by suction ; Combined suction and blowing nozzles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H8/00—Removing undesirable matter from the permanent way of railways; Removing undesirable matter from tramway rails
    • E01H8/10—Removing undesirable matter from rails, flange grooves, or the like railway parts, e.g. removing ice from contact rails, removing mud from flange grooves
    • E01H8/105—Pneumatically or hydraulically loosening, removing or dislodging undesirable matter, e.g. removing by blowing, flushing, suction; Application of melting liquids; Loosening or removing by means of heat, e.g. cleaning by plasma torches, drying by burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device to be arranged on a rail vehicle for cleaning wall or floor surfaces, in particular within tunnels or separating surfaces, for example of track superstructures or tunnel walls, wherein the device has a plurality of both sides of a suction air nozzles arranged for compressed air. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail vehicle equipped with such a device and a method for operating the device.
  • Tunnels, walls and ceilings are subject to permanent heavy pollution due to the vehicles passing through the tunnel, so cleaning is required at regular intervals.
  • devices of the type mentioned which are used for surface cleaning in local railways as an essential part of entertainment. Due to the increasing pollution of the railway by waste, but also by brake sand, dust and metallic abrasion of the rails, measures must increasingly be taken to solve the problem of surface cleaning and thus not only to improve the appearance of the railway facilities, but also the To maintain elasticity of the ballast track by reducing pollution.
  • WO 2010/075828 A1 a device for cleaning tunnel walls and tunnel ceilings and for suction and cleaning of ballast bedding is known in which by an inclination of the air nozzles a cleaning area immanent vortex is produced, which ensures the functionally necessary overpressure curtain.
  • the loosened or dissolved dirt particles are sucked into the absorbent body specifically by the inclination of the air nozzles.
  • the DE 92 03 164 U1 further relates to a railroad or multi-way vehicle mountable device for cleaning the track body with a lowerable suction box and at least one compressed air nozzle in the suction box, wherein the suction box and the compressed air nozzle communicate with a suction unit or compressor disposed on the vehicle ,
  • From the DE 1 244 221 B is known to be attachable to a motor vehicle device for cleaning switches or rails, which has two nozzle boxes, which are mounted on a track and thereby moved along the rails.
  • each nozzle box is located approximately in the center of a suction nozzle, which is connected via a flexible hose to a boiler of the vehicle.
  • a laterally extending beyond the two rails suction box has distributed over its entire width several compressed air nozzles made of elastic material.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a way to increase the cleaning performance, which can be realized with a relatively low cost. In particular, an increase in efficiency should be achieved according to the invention.
  • a device which has adjacent to the suction opening at least two each arranged as a nozzle row air nozzles, which include the suction between them, and in which the nozzle rows are acted upon by compressed air, such that the pressure of the in the direction of travel of the vehicle in front of the suction opening arranged nozzle row is smaller than the pressure of the other nozzle row dimensioned.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that at least one of the suction openings is enclosed by a first row of nozzles arranged in front of the suction opening in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle and a second row of nozzles arranged behind it, so that the suction area is defined and bounded by the rows of nozzles.
  • the respective pressurization is set so that the pressure of the front row of nozzles in the direction of travel is less than that of the rear row of nozzles, soiling of all kinds, such as objects, dust or other deposits are received between the rows of nozzles. If these are not taken directly from the exhaust opening when passing the same, but they can be moved by the relatively strong, directed flow of compressed air of the rear nozzle row in the direction of travel, so be carried, with the front nozzle row also forms a limit to the transport of contaminants. As a result, the contaminants are carried along virtually synchronously with the travel movement of the rail vehicle, that is, not further than moved as far as the first row of nozzles, and do not emerge forward beyond the front row of nozzles.
  • the front row of nozzles thus acts as a compressed air wall, which does not displace the first time you run over the contaminants, and for the transported from the rear row of nozzles forward dirt acts as a limitation. Due to the limitation of the bottom surface area below the extraction opening of the suction, this leads to a substantial increase in efficiency.
  • the device may adjacent to the suction opening at least one spaced apart from the cleaning wall or bottom surface positionable air guide, through which the compressed air supplied by the nozzle rows after impinging on the wall or bottom surface initially between this and the air guide substantially parallel to the surface is distractable.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the efficiency and thus the efficiency of the device during operation can be substantially increased if at least a substantial portion of the air flow generated is not turbulent, but substantially laminar parallel to the wall or bottom surface.
  • Such a laminar air flow is inventively achieved in a simple manner by a local separation of the air nozzles and the suction opening in conjunction with a flow zone in which the supplied air flow by means of the air guide element substantially parallel to the Surface of the object to be cleaned is performed.
  • a substantially larger area can be cleaned, because the cleaning effect is not limited to the area of the first impact on the surface, but also the areas overflowed by the air between the air guiding element and the surface the wall or floor surface comprises.
  • the air nozzles have an orientation that is inclined relative to the bottom surface, ie in particular with the bottom surface forms an acute angle, and if the air nozzles are inclined so that at least the rear nozzle row directed to a bottom surface area below the suction opening is. As a result of this inclination, the air flow is directed onto the ground surface in such a way that contaminants can be transported in the direction of travel and carried along until the extraction system.
  • an acceleration of the air flow can be achieved by an inclined arrangement of the air guide elements relative to the surface, in particular a continuous approach to the bottom surface, starting from an outer edge region of the air guide element to a suction opening by a nozzle effect.
  • Another, also particularly practical embodiment of the invention is also achieved when the air guide elements are positioned parallel to the wall or bottom surface to be cleaned, so that a constant flow velocity of Compressed air is ensured over the entire area covered by the respective guide element.
  • the air nozzles or the air guide elements to adjust the orientation in particular jointly pivotally adjustable, in particular movably or pivotally mounted so as to make a quick adaptation to different nature of the surface to be cleaned. For example, in the area of an extended track bed, as occurs in the area of stops, a corresponding adjusting movement can be initiated so as to achieve a complete suction.
  • a modification is also particularly relevant to practice, in which the device can be positioned relative to the surface at different distances.
  • the advantageous effect results in the flow velocity between the suction and the surface, which can be adjusted at the same time in the desired manner by adjusting the distance. Based on the determined degree of contamination so the flow can be adjusted by simply lowering or raising the device or the air guide elements to the required cleaning performance.
  • a suction opening can be realized with a circular inlet opening which is enclosed by a single concentric air guide element.
  • the suction opening is enclosed on at least two opposite sides of the nozzle rows, so that a substantially strip-shaped suction area is defined.
  • the surface of the air guiding element can be adjustable, that is to say be enlarged or reduced in size, so as to be able to achieve optimum adaptation to the respective operating conditions without a change in the system technology.
  • the air nozzles could be arranged on or connected to an outer edge region of the air guide elements.
  • the air nozzles are preferably arranged side by side, for example along a straight line and at a constant distance from each other.
  • different air nozzles of the same nozzle row are subjected to a different pressure for individual control.
  • the receptacle can be positioned in an orientation parallel to the main extension of the surface, so that the distance between the air nozzles and the surface is constant, at least for a substantial part, and therefore the pressure distribution is homogeneous due to the compressed air impinging on the surface ,
  • An effective extraction performance is achieved even if the rows of nozzles have an adjustable angle of inclination and / or distance to the surface, so as to achieve by a change of the flow angle with respect to the main extension of the surface optimally adapted to the respective type of contamination removal rate.
  • the change can also be made during the supply of air pressure, so as to pressurize adhering dirt particles with alternating pressure loads.
  • the distance of the air nozzles from the suction opening in the plane parallel to the surface can be varied so as to be able to adapt the contact surface accordingly.
  • a design in which the air nozzles of the suction opening have a distance transversely to the suction direction of at least 50 mm, in particular at least 150 mm is particularly practical.
  • the air nozzles can connect to the respective air guide element on the circumferential side directly, that is to say substantially without a gap, or can have a suitable spacing therefrom.
  • the air guide element of the suction opening at a distance transverse to the suction between 50 and 300 mm, preferably between 80 and 120 mm, wherein the suction direction is parallel to the surface normal of the surface to be cleaned.
  • the device is basically suitable for almost any chassis.
  • the device forms, together with a dirt collecting container and a drive unit, an autonomous mobile unit which can be used without problem in the area of municipal subways.
  • the device is not limited to the cleaning of floor surfaces. Rather, the device is by a movable in several horizontal or vertical positions arrangement alike for wall or ceiling surfaces. In this way, therefore, the entire tunnel cross-section can be treated by means of several devices in a single cleaning pass accordingly. If only partial areas are to be cleaned, then the devices associated with the other areas can, if necessary, be assigned to the areas to be cleaned in order to further improve the cleaning performance there.
  • the device for cleaning wall or floor surfaces, in particular within tunnels or other lateral or upper boundary surfaces, for example of track superstructures and tunnel walls
  • the device having a plurality of both sides of a suction air nozzles arranged for compressed air and a plurality of suction at least approximately the entire
  • the device may be equipped with corresponding distance measuring sensors, such as laser, ultrasound, sonar or lidar, which detect a region in the direction of movement of the device in front of the suction opening, possible collision risks can be detected early.
  • the suction openings can then be easily moved to a corresponding position, in particular recessed evasive position, to allow the unimpeded passage.
  • the suction power of the suction opening and / or the power of the compressed air supply of the air nozzles is variably adjustable, because thereby the energy efficiency can be further optimized.
  • the suction power is reduced so much that the cleaning result is reliably achieved without providing an unnecessarily high suction power.
  • a further optimization of the suction can be made if a suction hood enclosing the suction hood or the air guide for adjusting a variable width of the covered by the suction hood surface is movable, in particular pivotally mounted. This can be pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, which has a distance from the center of the longitudinal axis, so that a pivoting movement leads to an increase in the lateral extent of the suction opening.
  • the device 1 according to the invention for cleaning a surface 2 formed by a wall or a track floor in the preferably underground area of urban or tramways will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 explained in more detail.
  • the devices 1 are arranged on a rail vehicle 10 such that these in conjunction with a motion kinematics 11, not shown, to almost all conventional cross sections, in particular according to a in FIG. 1 shown rounded cross-sectional shape and a in FIG. 2 shown substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, can be easily adapted.
  • the movement kinematics 11 also allows an adaptation in groove-shaped recesses 12 in the track superstructure 13 or on line carriers 14 on the tunnel walls 15th
  • the device 1 comprises several air nozzles 4 for supplyable compressed air arranged on a common receptacle 3, which are arranged on both sides of a suction opening 5 of a suction hood 6 which is designed as a suction mouth and are directed obliquely onto the surface 2.
  • the suction opening 5 is enclosed by two parallel and gap-free to the suction opening 5 in the horizontal direction subsequent air guide elements 7, which are realized by a respective releasably connected to the suction hood 6 component.
  • the receptacles 3 for the air nozzles 4 are positioned relative to an outer edge of the respective air guide element 7 with a variable distance a positioned on a respective pivotable and adjustable in different locking positions support arm 8 such that the air nozzles 4 are inclined in the direction of the suction opening 5.
  • the air nozzles 4 can be positioned relative to the surface 2, in particular with a reduced distance b relative to the suction opening 5.
  • the parallel to the surface 2 arrangement of the air guide elements 7 in conjunction with the horizontal flow deflection of the supplied air causes the compressed air of the air nozzles 4 after the impact on the surface to be cleaned 2, first between the respective air guide element 7 and the surface 2 in the direction of arrow. 9 is deflected parallel to the surface 2 and after a further deflection into the suction opening 5 occurs.
  • a virtually laminar flow arises between the air guide element 7 and the surface 2 during operation, which results in a significantly better cleaning performance compared to a turbulent air flow flowing undefined at the surface to be cleaned in the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Abstract

The device (1) has multiple air nozzles (4) arranged on two sides of a suction opening, and air guide elements (7) positionable adjacent to the suction opening for cleaning a surface. The guide elements deflect supplied pressurized air between the surface and the guide elements in a direction parallel to the surface after the pressurized air impinges on the surface. The guide elements are positionable parallel to the surface, and the air nozzles are arranged at a common retainer (3) and exhibit a distance of about 150 mm from the suction opening transverse to a suction direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine an einem Schienenfahrzeug anzuordnende Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Wand- oder Bodenflächen, insbesondere innerhalb von Tunneln oder Trennflächen, beispielsweise von Gleisoberbauten oder Tunnelwänden, wobei die Vorrichtung mehrere beiderseits einer Absaugöffnung angeordnete Luftdüsen für Druckluft aufweist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ausgestattetes Schienenfahrzeug sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a device to be arranged on a rail vehicle for cleaning wall or floor surfaces, in particular within tunnels or separating surfaces, for example of track superstructures or tunnel walls, wherein the device has a plurality of both sides of a suction air nozzles arranged for compressed air. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail vehicle equipped with such a device and a method for operating the device.

Tunnel, Wände und Decken unterliegen wegen der den Tunnel durchfahrenden Fahrzeuge einer permanenten starken Verschmutzung, sodass in regelmäßigen Abständen Reinigungsmaßnahmen erforderlich sind.Tunnels, walls and ceilings are subject to permanent heavy pollution due to the vehicles passing through the tunnel, so cleaning is required at regular intervals.

Hierzu eignen sich Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art, die zur Oberflächenreinigung bei Nahverkehrsbahnen als wesentlicher Bestandteil von Unterhaltungsmaßnahmen eingesetzt werden. Aufgrund der sich vergrößernden Verschmutzung der Bahnanlagen durch Abfall, aber auch durch Bremssand, Staub und metallischen Abrieb der Schienen, müssen zunehmend Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um das Problem der Oberflächenreinigung zu lösen und damit nicht nur das äußere Erscheinungsbild der Bahnanlagen zu verbessern, sondern auch die Elastizität des Schotteroberbaus durch Verringerung der Verschmutzung zu erhalten.For this purpose, devices of the type mentioned, which are used for surface cleaning in local railways as an essential part of entertainment. Due to the increasing pollution of the railway by waste, but also by brake sand, dust and metallic abrasion of the rails, measures must increasingly be taken to solve the problem of surface cleaning and thus not only to improve the appearance of the railway facilities, but also the To maintain elasticity of the ballast track by reducing pollution.

Bei diesen Reinigungslösungen wird die staubhaltige Luft entweder durch Trocken- oder Nassfilter gereinigt. Derartige Lösungen bringen oftmals nicht die gewünschte Leistung, wenn zwischen den Schottersteinen gebundene Verunreinigungen durch den Saugstrom nicht mitgerissen werden.In these cleaning solutions, the dusty air is cleaned by either dry or wet filters. Such solutions often do not provide the desired performance when contaminants bound between the ballast stones are not entrained by the suction flow.

Aus der WO 2010/075828 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Tunnelwänden und Tunneldecken sowie zur Absaugung und Reinigung von Schotterbettungen bekannt, bei der durch eine Schrägstellung der Luftdüsen ein dem Reinigungsbereich immanenter Wirbel produziert wird, der den funktionsnotwendigen Überdruckvorhang sicherstellt. Dabei werden speziell durch die Schrägstellung der Luftdüsen die gelockerten bzw. gelösten Schmutzteile in den Saugkörper hineingesaugt.From the WO 2010/075828 A1 a device for cleaning tunnel walls and tunnel ceilings and for suction and cleaning of ballast bedding is known in which by an inclination of the air nozzles a cleaning area immanent vortex is produced, which ensures the functionally necessary overpressure curtain. The loosened or dissolved dirt particles are sucked into the absorbent body specifically by the inclination of the air nozzles.

Die DE 92 03 164 U1 betrifft ferner eine an einem Schienen- oder Mehrwegefahrzeug anbaubare Vorrichtung zum Reinigen des Gleiskörpers mit einem absenkbaren Saugkasten und mindestens einer Druckluftdüse in dem Saugkasten, wobei der Saugkasten und die Druckluftdüse mit einem Saugaggregat bzw. einem Kompressor in Verbindung stehen, die auf dem Fahrzeug angeordnet sind.The DE 92 03 164 U1 further relates to a railroad or multi-way vehicle mountable device for cleaning the track body with a lowerable suction box and at least one compressed air nozzle in the suction box, wherein the suction box and the compressed air nozzle communicate with a suction unit or compressor disposed on the vehicle ,

Aus der DE 1 244 221 B ist eine an einem Kraftfahrzeug anbaubare Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Weichen oder Schienen bekannt, die zwei Düsenkästen aufweist, die auf einem Spurwagen montiert und dadurch längs der Schienen verfahrbar sind. In jedem Düsenkasten befindet sich ungefähr mittig eine Saugdüse, die über einen flexiblen Schlauch mit einem Kessel des Fahrzeuges verbunden ist. Ein sich seitlich über die beiden Schienen hinaus erstreckender Saugkasten hat über seine gesamte Breite verteilt mehrere Druckluftdüsen aus elastischem Material.From the DE 1 244 221 B is known to be attachable to a motor vehicle device for cleaning switches or rails, which has two nozzle boxes, which are mounted on a track and thereby moved along the rails. In each nozzle box is located approximately in the center of a suction nozzle, which is connected via a flexible hose to a boiler of the vehicle. A laterally extending beyond the two rails suction box has distributed over its entire width several compressed air nozzles made of elastic material.

Als nachteilig erweist sich in der Praxis, dass es bei der Absaugung zu einer turbulenten Durchmischung der zugeführten Druckluft mit der von der Oberfläche abgelenkten, die Verschmutzungspartikel enthaltenden Luft kommen kann. Insbesondere bei einer Reinigung des Gleisbetts, bei welcher der Druckluftstrahl nicht auf im Wesentlichen ebene Flächen, sondern auf eine komplexe Topografie trifft, kann durch die dabei entstehenden Verwirbelungen die Reinigungsleistung beeinträchtigt werden.In practice, it proves to be disadvantageous that in the case of the extraction, turbulent mixing of the supplied compressed air with the air which is deflected by the surface and contains the particles of contamination can occur. In particular, when cleaning the track bed, in which the compressed air jet does not strike substantially flat surfaces, but on a complex topography, the cleaning performance can be affected by the resulting turbulence.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Möglichkeit zur Steigerung der Reinigungsleistung zu schaffen, die mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Aufwand realisierbar ist. Insbesondere soll erfindungsgemäß eine Effizienzsteigerung erreicht werden.The invention has for its object to provide a way to increase the cleaning performance, which can be realized with a relatively low cost. In particular, an increase in efficiency should be achieved according to the invention.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Vorrichtung gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is achieved with a device according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist also eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen, die benachbart zu der Absaugöffnung zumindest zwei jeweils als Düsenreihe angeordnete Luftdüsen aufweist, die zwischen sich die Absaugöffnung einschließen, und bei der die Düsenreihen mit Druckluft beaufschlagbar sind, derart dass der Druck der in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges vor der Absaugöffnung angeordneten Düsenreihe geringer als der Druck der anderen Düsenreihe bemessen ist. Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Erkenntnis aus, dass zumindest eine der Absaugöffnungen von einer in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges vor der Absaugöffnung angeordneten ersten Düsenreihe und einer dahinter angeordneten zweiten Düsenreihe so eingeschlossen ist, dass der Absaugbereich durch die Düsenreihen definiert und begrenzt ist. Indem die jeweilige Druckbeaufschlagung so eingestellt wird, dass der Druck der in Fahrtrichtung vorderen Düsenreihe geringer als der der hinteren Düsenreihe ist, werden Verschmutzungen aller Art, beispielsweise Objekte, Staub oder sonstige Ablagerungen zwischen den Düsenreihen aufgenommen. Falls diese nicht direkt beim Überfahren derselben von der Absaugöffnung aufgenommen werden, können diese jedoch durch die relativ starke, gerichtete Strömung der Druckluft der hinteren Düsenreihe in Fahrtrichtung bewegt, also mitgeführt werden, wobei die vordere Düsenreihe zugleich eine Begrenzung für den Transport der Verschmutzungen bildet. Dadurch werden die Verschmutzungen quasi synchron zu der Fahrbewegung des Schienenfahrzeuges mitgeführt, insbesondere also nicht weiter als bis zu der ersten Düsenreihe bewegt, und treten nicht über die vordere Düsenreihe hinaus nach vorn aus. Die vordere Düsenreihe wirkt somit als Druckluftwand, die bei einem erstmaligen Überfahren der Verschmutzungen diese nicht verdrängt, und die für die von der hinteren Düsenreihe nach vorn transportierten Verschmutzungen als Begrenzung wirkt. Durch die Begrenzung des Bodenflächenbereiches unterhalb der Absaugöffnung der Absaugung kommt es dabei zu einer wesentlichen Effizienzsteigerung.According to the invention, therefore, a device is provided which has adjacent to the suction opening at least two each arranged as a nozzle row air nozzles, which include the suction between them, and in which the nozzle rows are acted upon by compressed air, such that the pressure of the in the direction of travel of the vehicle in front of the suction opening arranged nozzle row is smaller than the pressure of the other nozzle row dimensioned. The invention is based on the recognition that at least one of the suction openings is enclosed by a first row of nozzles arranged in front of the suction opening in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle and a second row of nozzles arranged behind it, so that the suction area is defined and bounded by the rows of nozzles. By the respective pressurization is set so that the pressure of the front row of nozzles in the direction of travel is less than that of the rear row of nozzles, soiling of all kinds, such as objects, dust or other deposits are received between the rows of nozzles. If these are not taken directly from the exhaust opening when passing the same, but they can be moved by the relatively strong, directed flow of compressed air of the rear nozzle row in the direction of travel, so be carried, with the front nozzle row also forms a limit to the transport of contaminants. As a result, the contaminants are carried along virtually synchronously with the travel movement of the rail vehicle, that is, not further than moved as far as the first row of nozzles, and do not emerge forward beyond the front row of nozzles. The front row of nozzles thus acts as a compressed air wall, which does not displace the first time you run over the contaminants, and for the transported from the rear row of nozzles forward dirt acts as a limitation. Due to the limitation of the bottom surface area below the extraction opening of the suction, this leads to a substantial increase in efficiency.

Darüber hinaus kann die Vorrichtung benachbart zu der Absaugöffnung zumindest ein zu der reinigenden Wand- oder Bodenfläche beabstandet positionierbares Luftleitelement aufweisen, durch welches die mittels der Düsenreihen zugeführte Druckluft nach dem Auftreffen auf die Wand- oder Bodenfläche zunächst zwischen dieser und dem Luftleitelement im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Fläche ablenkbar ist. Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Erkenntnis aus, dass der Wirkungsgrad und damit die Effizienz der Vorrichtung im Betrieb dann wesentlich gesteigert werden kann, wenn zumindest ein wesentlicher Anteil der erzeugten Luftströmung nicht turbulent, sondern im Wesentlichen laminar parallel zu der Wand- oder Bodenfläche verläuft. Eine derartige laminare Luftströmung wird erfindungsgemäß in einfacher Weise durch eine örtliche Trennung der Luftdüsen und der Absaugöffnung in Verbindung mit einer Strömungszone erreicht, in welcher der zugeführte Luftstrom mittels des Luftleitelements im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Objekts geführt wird. Im Ergebnis kommt es zu einem definierten Strömungsverlauf, welcher sich klar in eine Zone, insbesondere eine Umlenkzone der zugeführten Druckluft, parallel zu der zu reinigenden Fläche sowie eine weitere Zone im Einlassbereich der Absaugöffnung unterteilt. Es wird somit eine problemlose Trennung der zugeführten und der abgesaugten Luftströmungen erreicht und eine unerwünschte Mischzone vermieden. Hierdurch kann die Reinigungsleistung erhöht bzw. die erforderliche Aggregateleistung reduziert werden. Es hat sich auch bereits gezeigt, dass aufgrund der gleichmäßigen Luftströmung die zum Abführen der Schmutzpartikel erforderliche Strömungsgeschwindigkeit vermindert werden kann. Darüber hinaus kann ohne eine Veränderung der Position der Vorrichtung gegenüber der Fläche eine wesentlich größere Fläche gereinigt werden, weil die Reinigungswirkung nicht auf den Bereich des ersten Auftreffens auf die Fläche beschränkt ist, sondern auch die von der Luft zwischen dem Luftleitelement und der Oberfläche überströmten Bereiche der Wand- oder Bodenfläche umfasst.In addition, the device may adjacent to the suction opening at least one spaced apart from the cleaning wall or bottom surface positionable air guide, through which the compressed air supplied by the nozzle rows after impinging on the wall or bottom surface initially between this and the air guide substantially parallel to the surface is distractable. The invention is based on the recognition that the efficiency and thus the efficiency of the device during operation can be substantially increased if at least a substantial portion of the air flow generated is not turbulent, but substantially laminar parallel to the wall or bottom surface. Such a laminar air flow is inventively achieved in a simple manner by a local separation of the air nozzles and the suction opening in conjunction with a flow zone in which the supplied air flow by means of the air guide element substantially parallel to the Surface of the object to be cleaned is performed. As a result, there is a defined course of flow, which is clearly divided into a zone, in particular a deflection zone of the supplied compressed air, parallel to the surface to be cleaned and a further zone in the inlet region of the suction opening. It is thus achieved a problem-free separation of the supplied and the extracted air flows and avoided an undesirable mixing zone. As a result, the cleaning performance can be increased or the required aggregate power can be reduced. It has also been shown that due to the uniform air flow required for removing the dirt particles flow rate can be reduced. Moreover, without changing the position of the device relative to the surface, a substantially larger area can be cleaned, because the cleaning effect is not limited to the area of the first impact on the surface, but also the areas overflowed by the air between the air guiding element and the surface the wall or floor surface comprises.

Dabei erweist es sich als besonders Erfolg versprechend, wenn jede Düsenreihe in Abhängigkeit der mittels einer Steuereinheit erfassten Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges im Verhältnis zu der anderen Düsenreihe mit einem höheren oder einem niedrigeren Druck beaufschlagbar ist, sodass die Funktion der Absaugung in beiden Fahrtrichtung zuverlässig erhalten wird.It proves to be particularly promising if each row of nozzles in response to detected by a control unit travel direction of the rail vehicle in relation to the other nozzle row with a higher or lower pressure can be acted upon, so that the function of the extraction is reliably maintained in both directions.

Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Luftdüsen eine Orientierung aufweisen, die gegenüber der Bodenfläche geneigt ist, insbesondere also mit der Bodenfläche einen spitzen Winkel einschließt, und wenn die Luftdüsen so geneigt sind, dass zumindest die hintere Düsenreihe auf einen Bodenflächenbereich unterhalb der Absaugöffnung gerichtet ist. Durch diese Neigung wird die Luftströmung derart gerichtet auf die Bodenfläche gelenkt, dass Verschmutzungen in Fahrtrichtung transportiert und bis zur Absaugung mitgeführt werden können.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the air nozzles have an orientation that is inclined relative to the bottom surface, ie in particular with the bottom surface forms an acute angle, and if the air nozzles are inclined so that at least the rear nozzle row directed to a bottom surface area below the suction opening is. As a result of this inclination, the air flow is directed onto the ground surface in such a way that contaminants can be transported in the direction of travel and carried along until the extraction system.

Darüber hinaus kann durch eine geneigte Anordnung der Luftleitelemente gegenüber der Fläche, insbesondere also eine stetige Annäherung an die Bodenfläche, ausgehend von einem äußeren Randbereich der Luftleitelementes bis zu einer Absaugöffnung durch einen Düseneffekt eine Beschleunigung der Luftströmung erreicht werden.In addition, an acceleration of the air flow can be achieved by an inclined arrangement of the air guide elements relative to the surface, in particular a continuous approach to the bottom surface, starting from an outer edge region of the air guide element to a suction opening by a nozzle effect.

Eine andere, ebenfalls besonders praxisgerechte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird hingegen auch dann erreicht, wenn die Luftleitelemente parallel zu der zu reinigenden Wand- oder Bodenfläche positionierbar sind, sodass eine konstante Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Druckluft über den gesamten von dem jeweiligen Leitelement abgedeckten Bereich sichergestellt wird.Another, also particularly practical embodiment of the invention, however, is also achieved when the air guide elements are positioned parallel to the wall or bottom surface to be cleaned, so that a constant flow velocity of Compressed air is ensured over the entire area covered by the respective guide element.

Bei einer anderen, ebenfalls besonders zweckmäßigen Abwandlung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind die Luftdüsen oder die Luftleitelemente zur Einstellung der Orientierung insbesondere gemeinsam schwenkbeweglich einstellbar, insbesondere beweglich oder schwenkbeweglich angeordnet, um so eine schnelle Anpassung an unterschiedliche Beschaffenheit der zu reinigenden Fläche vornehmen zu können. Beispielsweise kann so im Bereich eines erweiterten Gleisbetts, wie es im Bereich von Haltestellen auftritt, eine entsprechende Stellbewegung eingeleitet werden, um so eine lückenlose Absaugung zu erreichen.In another, also particularly useful modification of the device according to the invention, the air nozzles or the air guide elements to adjust the orientation in particular jointly pivotally adjustable, in particular movably or pivotally mounted so as to make a quick adaptation to different nature of the surface to be cleaned. For example, in the area of an extended track bed, as occurs in the area of stops, a corresponding adjusting movement can be initiated so as to achieve a complete suction.

Weiterhin ist auch eine Abwandlung besonders praxisrelevant, bei welcher die Vorrichtung relativ zu der Fläche mit unterschiedlichen Abständen positionierbar ist. Der vorteilhafte Effekt resultiert dabei auf der mit der Einstellung des Abstands zugleich in gewünschter Weise anpassbaren Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zwischen der Absaugung und der Fläche. Basierend auf dem ermittelten Grad der Verschmutzung kann so die Strömung durch einfaches Absenken bzw. Anheben der Vorrichtung oder der Luftleitelemente an die erforderliche Reinigungsleistung angepasst werden.Furthermore, a modification is also particularly relevant to practice, in which the device can be positioned relative to the surface at different distances. The advantageous effect results in the flow velocity between the suction and the surface, which can be adjusted at the same time in the desired manner by adjusting the distance. Based on the determined degree of contamination so the flow can be adjusted by simply lowering or raising the device or the air guide elements to the required cleaning performance.

Die Geometrie und Querschnittsform der Absaugöffnung ist problemlos an die jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen anpassbar. Beispielsweise kann eine Absaugöffnung mit einer kreisförmigen Einlassöffnung realisiert werden, die von einem einzigen konzentrischen Luftleitelement eingeschlossen ist. Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung ist die Absaugöffnung an zumindest zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten von den Düsenreihen eingeschlossen, sodass ein im Wesentlichen streifenförmiger Absaugbereich definiert ist. Indem zumindest ein Umfangsbereich der Absaugöffnung von den Luftdüsen ausgespart ist, können in Verbindung mit einer beweglichen Anordnung der Vorrichtung auch schlecht zugängliche Bereiche, beispielsweise Ecken, von dem Absaugbereich erreicht werden, ohne dass sich hierbei die Luftdüsen als hinderlich erweisen.The geometry and cross-sectional shape of the suction opening can be easily adapted to the respective conditions of use. For example, a suction opening can be realized with a circular inlet opening which is enclosed by a single concentric air guide element. In an advantageous variant of the invention, the suction opening is enclosed on at least two opposite sides of the nozzle rows, so that a substantially strip-shaped suction area is defined. By at least one peripheral region of the suction opening is recessed by the air nozzles, in connection with a movable arrangement of the device also poorly accessible areas, such as corners, can be achieved by the suction without this the air nozzles prove to be a hindrance.

Ferner kann die Fläche des Luftleitelements einstellbar, also vergrößer- oder verkleinerbar sein, um so eine optimale Anpassung an die jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen ohne eine Änderung an der Anlagentechnik erreichen zu können.Furthermore, the surface of the air guiding element can be adjustable, that is to say be enlarged or reduced in size, so as to be able to achieve optimum adaptation to the respective operating conditions without a change in the system technology.

Die Luftdüsen könnten an einem äußeren Randbereich der Luftleitelemente angeordnet oder mit diesem verbunden sein. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hingegen, wenn mehrere Luftdüsen an einer gemeinsamen Aufnahme angeordnet sind, wobei die Luftdüsen vorzugsweise nebeneinander, beispielsweise entlang einer Geraden und mit konstantem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Selbstverständlich ist dabei erfindungsgemäß nicht ausgeschlossen, dass zur individuellen Steuerung verschiedene Luftdüsen derselben Düsenreihe mit einem unterschiedlichen Druck beaufschlagt werden.The air nozzles could be arranged on or connected to an outer edge region of the air guide elements. On the other hand, it is particularly advantageous if several air nozzles are arranged on a common receptacle, wherein the air nozzles are preferably arranged side by side, for example along a straight line and at a constant distance from each other. Of course, it is not excluded according to the invention that different air nozzles of the same nozzle row are subjected to a different pressure for individual control.

Weiterhin ist es von erheblichem Vorteil, wenn die Aufnahme in einer zu der Haupterstreckung der Fläche parallelen Orientierung positionierbar ist, sodass der Abstand der Luftdüsen von der Fläche zumindest für einen wesentlichen Teil konstant ist und daher die Druckverteilung aufgrund der auf die Fläche auftreffenden Druckluft homogen ist.Furthermore, it is of considerable advantage if the receptacle can be positioned in an orientation parallel to the main extension of the surface, so that the distance between the air nozzles and the surface is constant, at least for a substantial part, and therefore the pressure distribution is homogeneous due to the compressed air impinging on the surface ,

Eine effektive Absaugleistung wird auch dann erreicht, wenn die Düsenreihen einen einstellbaren Neigungswinkel und/oder Abstand zu der Fläche aufweist, um so durch eine Änderung des Strömungswinkels in Bezug auf die Haupterstreckung der Fläche eine an die jeweilige Verschmutzungsart optimal angepasste Abtragsleistung zu erreichen. Selbstverständlich kann die Änderung auch während der Luftdruckzufuhr erfolgen, um so anhaftende Schmutzpartikel mit wechselnden Druckbelastungen zu beaufschlagen.An effective extraction performance is achieved even if the rows of nozzles have an adjustable angle of inclination and / or distance to the surface, so as to achieve by a change of the flow angle with respect to the main extension of the surface optimally adapted to the respective type of contamination removal rate. Of course, the change can also be made during the supply of air pressure, so as to pressurize adhering dirt particles with alternating pressure loads.

Darüber hinaus kann auch der Abstand der Luftdüsen von der Absaugöffnung in der Ebene parallel zu der Fläche variiert werden, um so die Einwirkfläche entsprechend anpassen zu können. Besonders praxisgerecht ist hingegen eine Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die Luftdüsen von der Absaugöffnung einen Abstand quer zur Absaugrichtung von mindestens 50 mm, insbesondere zumindest 150 mm aufweisen. Die Luftdüsen können dabei unmittelbar, also im Wesentlichen spaltfrei an das jeweilige Luftleitelement umfangsseitig anschließen oder aber zu diesem einen geeigneten Abstand aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann das Luftleitelement von der Absaugöffnung einen Abstand quer zur Absaugrichtung zwischen 50 und 300 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 80 und 120 mm aufweisen, wobei die Absaugrichtung parallel zur Flächennormale der zu reinigenden Fläche verläuft.In addition, the distance of the air nozzles from the suction opening in the plane parallel to the surface can be varied so as to be able to adapt the contact surface accordingly. In contrast, a design in which the air nozzles of the suction opening have a distance transversely to the suction direction of at least 50 mm, in particular at least 150 mm, is particularly practical. In this case, the air nozzles can connect to the respective air guide element on the circumferential side directly, that is to say substantially without a gap, or can have a suitable spacing therefrom. For example, the air guide element of the suction opening at a distance transverse to the suction between 50 and 300 mm, preferably between 80 and 120 mm, wherein the suction direction is parallel to the surface normal of the surface to be cleaned.

Die Vorrichtung eignet sich grundsätzlich für nahezu beliebige Fahrgestelle. Vorzugsweise bildet die Vorrichtung zusammen mit einem Schmutzauffangbehälter und mit einer Antriebseinheit eine autonome mobile Einheit, die problemlos im Bereich kommunaler Untergrundbahnen eingesetzt werden kann.The device is basically suitable for almost any chassis. Preferably, the device forms, together with a dirt collecting container and a drive unit, an autonomous mobile unit which can be used without problem in the area of municipal subways.

Selbstverständlich ist die Vorrichtung nicht auf die Reinigung von Bodenflächen beschränkt. Vielmehr eignet sich die Vorrichtung durch eine in mehrere horizontale oder vertikale Positionen bewegliche Anordnung gleichermaßen auch für Wand- oder Deckenflächen. Hierdurch kann also der gesamte Tunnelquerschnitt mittels mehrerer Vorrichtungen in einem einzigen Reinigungsdurchgang entsprechend behandelt werden. Sofern lediglich Teilbereiche gereinigt werden sollen, so können die den übrigen Bereichen zugeordneten Vorrichtungen bedarfsweise den zu reinigenden Flächen zugeordnet werden, um dort die Reinigungsleistung weiter zu verbessern.Of course, the device is not limited to the cleaning of floor surfaces. Rather, the device is by a movable in several horizontal or vertical positions arrangement alike for wall or ceiling surfaces. In this way, therefore, the entire tunnel cross-section can be treated by means of several devices in a single cleaning pass accordingly. If only partial areas are to be cleaned, then the devices associated with the other areas can, if necessary, be assigned to the areas to be cleaned in order to further improve the cleaning performance there.

Wenn die Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Wand- oder Bodenflächen, insbesondere innerhalb von Tunneln oder sonstigen seitlichen oder oberen Begrenzungsflächen, beispielsweise von Gleisoberbauten sowie Tunnelwänden eingesetzt wird, wobei die Vorrichtung mehrere, beiderseits einer Absaugöffnung angeordnete Luftdüsen für Druckluft aufweist und mehrere Absaugöffnungen zumindest annähernd den gesamten Öffnungsquerschnitt eines Tunnels oder einer Unterführung, insbesondere Gleisbett, Wandfläche sowie Deckenfläche abdecken, erweist es sich darüber hinaus als besonders zweckmäßig, wenn die Vorrichtung eine Steuerung und Sensoren aufweist, um den jeweiligen Abstand oder Hindernisse, die den freien Raum beschränken, rechtzeitig zu erfassen. Hierzu kann die Vorrichtung mit entsprechenden Abstandsmesssensoren, wie beispielsweise Laser, Ultraschall, Sonar oder Lidar ausgestattet sein, die einen Bereich in Bewegungsrichtung der Vorrichtung vor der Absaugöffnung erfassen, können mögliche Kollisionsgefahren bereits frühzeitig erfasst werden. Die Absaugöffnungen können dann problemlos in eine entsprechende Position, insbesondere zurückgesetzte Ausweichposition bewegt werden, um die ungehinderte Durchfahrt zu ermöglichen.When the device for cleaning wall or floor surfaces, in particular within tunnels or other lateral or upper boundary surfaces, for example of track superstructures and tunnel walls is used, the device having a plurality of both sides of a suction air nozzles arranged for compressed air and a plurality of suction at least approximately the entire It also proves to be particularly useful if the device has a controller and sensors to detect the respective distance or obstacles that limit the free space in a timely manner opening cross-section of a tunnel or underpass, in particular track bed, wall surface and ceiling surface. For this purpose, the device may be equipped with corresponding distance measuring sensors, such as laser, ultrasound, sonar or lidar, which detect a region in the direction of movement of the device in front of the suction opening, possible collision risks can be detected early. The suction openings can then be easily moved to a corresponding position, in particular recessed evasive position, to allow the unimpeded passage.

Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Absaugleistung der Absaugöffnung und/oder die Leistung der Druckluftzuführung der Luftdüsen variabel einstellbar ist, weil dadurch die Energieeffizienz weiter optimiert werden kann. Hierzu wird die Absaugleistung so weit reduziert, dass das Reinigungsergebnis zuverlässig erreicht wird, ohne eine unnötig hohe Absaugleistung bereitzustellen.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the suction power of the suction opening and / or the power of the compressed air supply of the air nozzles is variably adjustable, because thereby the energy efficiency can be further optimized. For this purpose, the suction power is reduced so much that the cleaning result is reliably achieved without providing an unnecessarily high suction power.

Darüber hinaus lässt sich eine weitere Optimierung der Absaugleistung dann vornehmen, wenn eine die Absaugöffnung einschließende Absaughaube oder das Luftleitelement zur Einstellung einer variablen Breite der von der Absaughaube überdeckten Fläche beweglich, insbesondere schwenkbeweglich angeordnet ist. Diese kann hierzu um eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Achse schwenkbeweglich sein, die einen Abstand zu der Mitte der Längsachse aufweist, sodass eine Schwenkbewegung zu einer Vergrößerung der seitlichen Erstreckung der Absaugöffnung führt.In addition, a further optimization of the suction can be made if a suction hood enclosing the suction hood or the air guide for adjusting a variable width of the covered by the suction hood surface is movable, in particular pivotally mounted. This can be pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, which has a distance from the center of the longitudinal axis, so that a pivoting movement leads to an increase in the lateral extent of the suction opening.

Die Erfindung lässt verschiedene Ausführungsformen zu. Zur weiteren Verdeutlichung ihres Grundprinzips ist eine davon in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
ein Schienenfahrzeug mit mehreren erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen im Einsatz innerhalb eines Tunnels mit abgerundeter Querschnittsform;
Fig. 2
das in Figur 1 gezeigte Schienenfahrzeug in einem Tunnel mit polygonaler Querschnittsform;
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht der in Figur 3 gezeigten Vorrichtung;
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf die in Figur 3 und 4 gezeigte Vorrichtung.
The invention allows for various embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in
Fig. 1
a rail vehicle having a plurality of devices according to the invention in use within a tunnel having a rounded cross-sectional shape;
Fig. 2
this in FIG. 1 shown rail vehicle in a tunnel with polygonal cross-sectional shape;
Fig. 3
a perspective view of the device according to the invention;
Fig. 4
a side view of in FIG. 3 shown device;
Fig. 5
a top view of the in FIG. 3 and 4 shown device.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zur Reinigung einer durch eine Wand oder einen Gleisboden gebildeten Fläche 2 im vorzugsweise unterirdischen Bereich von Stadt- oder Straßenbahnen wird nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 1 bis 5 näher erläutert.The device 1 according to the invention for cleaning a surface 2 formed by a wall or a track floor in the preferably underground area of urban or tramways will be described below with reference to FIG FIGS. 1 to 5 explained in more detail.

Mehrere der Vorrichtungen 1 sind an einem Schienenfahrzeug 10 derart angeordnet, dass diese in Verbindung mit einer nicht näher dargestellten Bewegungskinematik 11 an nahezu alle üblichen Querschnitte, insbesondere entsprechend einer in Figur 1 gezeigten abgerundeten Querschnittsform sowie einer in Figur 2 gezeigten im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnittsform, problemlos angepasst werden können. Dabei gestattet die Bewegungskinematik 11 auch eine Anpassung in rinnenförmige Vertiefungen 12 im Gleisoberbau 13 oder an Leitungsträgern 14 an den Tunnelwänden 15.Several of the devices 1 are arranged on a rail vehicle 10 such that these in conjunction with a motion kinematics 11, not shown, to almost all conventional cross sections, in particular according to a in FIG. 1 shown rounded cross-sectional shape and a in FIG. 2 shown substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, can be easily adapted. In this case, the movement kinematics 11 also allows an adaptation in groove-shaped recesses 12 in the track superstructure 13 or on line carriers 14 on the tunnel walls 15th

Wie in den Figuren 3 bis 5 erkennbar umfasst die Vorrichtung 1 mehrere an einer gemeinsamen Aufnahme 3 angeordnete Luftdüsen 4 für zuführbare Druckluft, die beiderseits einer als Saugmund ausgeführten Absaugöffnung 5 einer Absaughaube 6 angeordnet sind und schräg auf die Fläche 2 gerichtet sind. Die Absaugöffnung 5 ist dabei von zwei parallel und spaltfrei an die Absaugöffnung 5 in horizontaler Richtung anschließenden Luftleitelementen 7 eingeschlossen, die durch jeweils ein mit der Absaughaube 6 lösbar verbundenes Bauteil realisiert sind.As in the FIGS. 3 to 5 the device 1 comprises several air nozzles 4 for supplyable compressed air arranged on a common receptacle 3, which are arranged on both sides of a suction opening 5 of a suction hood 6 which is designed as a suction mouth and are directed obliquely onto the surface 2. The suction opening 5 is enclosed by two parallel and gap-free to the suction opening 5 in the horizontal direction subsequent air guide elements 7, which are realized by a respective releasably connected to the suction hood 6 component.

Die Aufnahmen 3 für die Luftdüsen 4 sind gegenüber einem äußeren Rand des jeweiligen Luftleitelements 7 mit einem variablen Abstand a positionierbar an einem jeweiligen schwenkbeweglichen und in unterschiedlichen Rastpositionen längenverstellbaren Tragarm 8 derart angeordnet, dass die Luftdüsen 4 in Richtung der Absaugöffnung 5 geneigt sind. Die Luftdüsen 4 sind dadurch insbesondere mit einem gegenüber der Absaugöffnung 5 verminderten Abstand b zu der Fläche 2 positionierbar.The receptacles 3 for the air nozzles 4 are positioned relative to an outer edge of the respective air guide element 7 with a variable distance a positioned on a respective pivotable and adjustable in different locking positions support arm 8 such that the air nozzles 4 are inclined in the direction of the suction opening 5. As a result, the air nozzles 4 can be positioned relative to the surface 2, in particular with a reduced distance b relative to the suction opening 5.

Die zu der Fläche 2 parallele Anordnung der Luftleitelemente 7 in Verbindung mit der horizontalen Strömungsumlenkung der zugeführten Luft führt dazu, dass die Druckluft der Luftdüsen 4 nach dem Aufprall auf die zu reinigende Fläche 2 zunächst zwischen dem jeweiligen Luftleitelement 7 und der Fläche 2 in Pfeilrichtung 9 parallel zu der Fläche 2 abgelenkt wird und nach einer erneuten Umlenkung in die Absaugöffnung 5 eintritt. Dadurch stellt sich im Betrieb eine nahezu laminare Strömung zwischen dem Luftleitelement 7 und der Fläche 2 ein, die im Vergleich zu einer bei dem Stand der Technik turbulenten, an der zu reinigenden Oberfläche undefiniert abgelenkten Luftströmung eine wesentlich bessere Reinigungsleistung ergibt.The parallel to the surface 2 arrangement of the air guide elements 7 in conjunction with the horizontal flow deflection of the supplied air causes the compressed air of the air nozzles 4 after the impact on the surface to be cleaned 2, first between the respective air guide element 7 and the surface 2 in the direction of arrow. 9 is deflected parallel to the surface 2 and after a further deflection into the suction opening 5 occurs. As a result, a virtually laminar flow arises between the air guide element 7 and the surface 2 during operation, which results in a significantly better cleaning performance compared to a turbulent air flow flowing undefined at the surface to be cleaned in the prior art.

Claims (14)

Eine an einem Schienenfahrzeug (10) anordbare Vorrichtung (1) zur Reinigung von Wand- oder Bodenflächen (2), von Gleisoberbauten (13) oder Tunnelwänden (15) insbesondere innerhalb von Tunneln oder Trennflächen, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) mehrere beiderseits einer Absaugöffnung (5) einer Absaugung angeordnete, zumindest eine Düsenöffnung aufweisende Luftdüsen (4) für Druckluft aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) benachbart zu der Absaugöffnung (5) zumindest zwei jeweils in Düsenreihen angeordnete Luftdüsen (4) aufweist, die zwischen sich die Absaugöffnung einschließen, und dass die Düsenreihen mit Druckluft beaufschlagbar sind, derart dass der Druck der den Luftdüsen (4) der in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges (10) vor der Absaugöffnung (5) angeordneten Düsenreihe geringer als der Druck der anderen Düsenreihe bemessen ist.A device (1) which can be arranged on a rail vehicle (10) for cleaning wall or floor surfaces (2), track superstructures (13) or tunnel walls (15), especially within tunnels or parting surfaces, wherein the device (1) has several on both sides of a suction opening (5) has a suction arranged, at least one nozzle opening having air nozzles (4) for compressed air, characterized in that the device (1) adjacent to the suction opening (5) at least two each arranged in rows of nozzles air nozzles (4) which between them include the suction, and that the nozzle rows are acted upon with compressed air, such that the pressure of the air nozzles (4) in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle (10) in front of the suction opening (5) arranged nozzle row is dimensioned lower than the pressure of the other row of nozzles. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdüsen (4) jeder Düsenreihe in Abhängigkeit der mittels einer Steuereinheit erfassten Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges (10) mit einem hohen oder einem niedrigen Druck beaufschlagbar sind.Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air nozzles (4) of each nozzle row in response to the detected by means of a control unit travel direction of the rail vehicle (10) can be acted upon with a high or a low pressure. Vorrichtung (1) nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdüsen (4) eine Orientierung aufweisen, die gegenüber der Bodenfläche (2) derart geneigt ist, dass diese mit einer Flächennormalen zu der Wand- oder Bodenfläche (2) einen spitzen Winkel einschließen, und dass die Luftdüsen (4) so geneigt sind, dass zumindest die hintere Düsenreihe auf einen Bereich der Wand- oder Bodenfläche (2) unterhalb der Absaugöffnung (5) gerichtet ist.Device (1) according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the air nozzles (4) have an orientation which is inclined relative to the bottom surface (2) such that it with a surface normal to the wall or bottom surface (2) Include acute angle, and that the air nozzles (4) are inclined so that at least the rear nozzle row is directed to a portion of the wall or bottom surface (2) below the suction opening (5). Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdüsen (4) einer Düsenreihe zur Einstellung der Orientierung insbesondere gemeinsam schwenkbeweglich angeordnet sind.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air nozzles (4) of a nozzle row for adjusting the orientation are arranged in particular jointly pivotable. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine die Absaugöffnung (5) einschließende Absaughaube (6) und/oder die Düsenreihen zur Einstellung einer variablen Breite der von der Absaughaube (6) bzw. der Düsenreihen überdeckten Wand- oder Bodenfläche (2) beweglich, insbesondere schwenkbeweglich angeordnet sind.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a suction hood (6) enclosing the suction opening (5) and / or the nozzle rows for setting a variable width of the wall covered by the suction hood (6) or the nozzle rows. or bottom surface (2) movable, are arranged in particular pivotable. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Absaughaube (6) und/oder die Düsenreihen mittels eines kraftschlüssigen Kraftübertragungselementes durch einen Antrieb beweglich, insbesondere schwenkbeweglich sind.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction hood (6) and / or the rows of nozzles by means of a non-positive force transmission element by a drive are movable, in particular pivotable. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest einzelne der Absaugungen an einer Schiebeführung oder Kulissenführung insbesondere translatorisch beweglich angeordnet sind.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the suction on a sliding guide or slide guide are arranged in particular translationally movable. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenreihen quer zur Fahrtrichtung ausgerichtet sind.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle rows are aligned transversely to the direction of travel. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdüsen (4) einen einstellbaren Neigungswinkel und/oder Abstand (a, b) gegenüber der Absaugöffnung (5) und/oder der Wand- oder Bodenfläche (2) aufweisen.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air nozzles (4) have an adjustable angle of inclination and / or distance (a, b) relative to the suction opening (5) and / or the wall or bottom surface (2) , Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) eine Steuerung und Sensoren aufweist, um den jeweiligen Abstand (b) der Luftdüsen (4) gegenüber der Wand- oder Bodenfläche (2) und/oder Hindernisse (Leitungsträger 14), die den freien Raum beschränken, rechtzeitig zu erfassen.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) has a control and sensors to the respective distance (b) of the air nozzles (4) relative to the wall or bottom surface (2) and / or Obstacles (line carrier 14) that limit the free space to capture in time. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) mit Abstandsmesssensoren, insbesondere Laser-, Ultraschall-, Sonar- und/oder Lidarsensoren ausgestattet ist.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) is equipped with distance measuring sensors, in particular laser, ultrasound, sonar and / or Lidarsensoren. Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Absaugleistung der Vorrichtung (1) und/oder die Leistung der Druckluftzuführung der Luftdüsen (4) variabel einstellbar ist.Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction power of the device (1) and / or the power of the compressed air supply of the air nozzles (4) is variably adjustable. Schienenfahrzeug (10) mit einer Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.Rail vehicle (10) with a device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims. Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung (1) nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck der den Luftdüsen (4) der verschiedenen Düsenreihen zugeführten Druckluft in Abhängigkeit der Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges (10) abweichend voneinander eingestellt wird.Method for operating the device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the nozzles (4) of the various rows of nozzles compressed air is set differently depending on the direction of travel of the rail vehicle (10).
EP13401034.7A 2012-04-18 2013-04-09 Apparatus and method for the cleaning of wall or floor surfaces Not-in-force EP2653614B1 (en)

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US20130276838A1 (en) 2013-10-24
EP2653614A3 (en) 2015-11-11
RU2532272C1 (en) 2014-11-10
RU2013117849A (en) 2014-10-27
CN103422457A (en) 2013-12-04
US9089879B2 (en) 2015-07-28
JP2013220424A (en) 2013-10-28
DE102012103381A1 (en) 2013-10-24
CA2813213C (en) 2015-12-01
CA2813213A1 (en) 2013-10-18
EP2653614B1 (en) 2016-12-14

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