EP2951352B1 - Cleaning device for a track system and rail vehicle equipped with such a cleaning device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cleaning device for cleaning a track system intended for rail vehicles with a track and track sills having track bed of pourable or pourable impurities, wherein the cleaning device is designed as a can be arranged on a rail vehicle mobile unit. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail vehicle equipped with such a cleaning device.

For cleaning a track superstructure is already a device through the DE 20 2009 009 649 U1 known for cleaning track superstructures and tunnel walls. Such systems are often used for surface cleaning on commuter trains as an integral part of entertainment. This concerns above all the increasing pollution of the railway facilities by waste, in particular cigarette residues, waste paper, packaging and the like, but also by brake sand, dust and metallic abrasion of the rails. To ensure the highest possible working speed and suction in the tunnel area, only air is used as a cleaning medium and produced by the inclination of the air nozzles in the cleaning area immense vortex, which ensures the functionally necessary overpressure curtain and promotes the solution of the pollutants from the surface to be cleaned. In an advantageous embodiment of this known solution, the suction power is varied within the blowing and suction system, in particular by the inclined position of the air nozzles, the loosened or dissolved dirt particles are sucked into the absorbent body.

Although the said apparatus for cleaning a track superstructure of contaminants, in particular packaging waste, gives excellent results, this principle is only conditionally usable in natural phenomena which spill over the entire track system over a large area and the associated movement of large quantities of bulk material.

On the other hand, snow masses or snowdrifts, which also severely impair or paralyze public rail traffic beyond a critical mass, can hardly be removed by means of extraction techniques. For such cases, however, snow plows have already proven, with which the surfaces of the rails can be exposed with relatively little effort. In contrast to sand or gravel, the snow remaining in the track bed between the rails affects it there inland wreath basically not. Rather, the snow can be easily compressed or displaced there.

The situation is different with contamination by sand, gravel, dust and other pourable or pourable substances, such as those found in industrial plants, such as gravel pits, or in sandy areas, such as deserts, beach or dune landscapes. For example, sand dreads dreaded in the desert can quickly accumulate large amounts of sand that completely cover the track bed and rails.

Even with such obstacles attempts have already been made to eliminate the sand by means of a snowplow modeled slider, so as to clear the rail surface in a conventional manner. However, it has been shown that the sand in the space between the rails must be removed because otherwise the flange must penetrate into the incompressible sand and displace it. This creates considerable problems because the necessary lateral displacement succeeds only at low speeds and also leads to considerable resistance, which in extreme cases can lead to a lifting of the wheel and thus a derailment.

Furthermore, the wear of the tires increases because at least small amounts of sand are transported to the rail surface by the displacement, which then develop a considerable abrasive effect between the rail surface and the wheel tire. This also causes damage to the rail and the wheel tire.

From the DE 82 36 650 U1 Furthermore, a device for extracting the ballast of a track with resting on a ballast bed, formed of sleepers and rails track grate is known. This has a suction tube with a rectangular or round suction nozzle, which is connected to a rubber apron having an inlet opening and a side open in the working direction suction opening laterally. The suction nozzle moving over the track threshold upper side in the longitudinal direction of the device is intended to receive dust or gravel stones in or next to the track grate through this lateral suction opening. The suction nozzle also has an adjustment across the track and in the vertical direction.

The DE 35 43 040 C2 relates to a track-traveling device for extracting the ballast from a ballast bed located below a track grid formed of track sleepers and rails, whose machine frame is connected to a via a suction pipe to a Compressor connected suction arrangement is provided which has at least one adjustable suction device with a suction opening for the ballast to be absorbed.

The DE 296 14 051 U1 relates to a cleaning device for rail surfaces of rail tracks for rail vehicles with a compressed air supply having compressed air application device and with a suction device. The dissolved deposits are thereby fluidized by the air flow. Above the track, a suction cup of the suction device is arranged. The fluidized residues are sucked by the suction, enter from below into the suction cup and are fed to a restraint.

The WO 99/20843 A1 relates to a device for cleaning rail grooves with a mounted on a rail-mounted carrier vehicle cleaning unit, through which a high-pressure liquid jet is directed to the rail groove to be cleaned. The dirt removed by the high-pressure liquid jet is taken along by the reflected liquid jets flowing out at a shallower angle to the rail surface and thrown against the lower, just-formed screen wall. An outlet opening is delimited by a lower screen wall, side walls and an upper screen wall through which the liquid jets or the dirty liquid mixture passes into a drip pan.

A proposed solution by prior public use refers to a sanding machine for track bed maintenance, which is based on the principle of an inclined conveyor line. A front conveyor belt end is lowered between the rails and is introduced piercing into the sand fill. The sand between the rails is thus removed and disposed of by means of a lateral ejection. The disadvantage here proves the low operating speed.

The present invention has for its object to provide a way to provide a cleaning device for cleaning a track system of pourable or free-flowing goods, especially sand, which can be operated quickly and effectively and without increased risk of wear. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to provide a rail vehicle with such a cleaning device.

The first object is achieved with a cleaning device according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, therefore, the cleaning device has a particular designed as a nozzle supply for compressed air as the driving medium and a direction of action with a main direction component in a plane parallel to the rails in a respective direction of travel, being spaced in the direction of travel before the supply to this an impact body, in particular of sheet metal , is arranged movably, wherein the impact body has a supply facing, at least partially concave baffle comprising at least two shell-shaped mold parts, which are connected to each other for setting different, limited by these moldings cross-sectional areas in the region of a lateral outlet opening with each other, in particular pivotally, so by the compressed air in the direction of travel against the impact surface impinging impurities either to one of the two sides of the rail vehicle or the track system distractable and through the Austrittsöffnu ng are dischargeable into the environment.

The invention is based on the recognition that a mechanical removal of the discharged medium in the case of bulk or grit, in particular sand, leads to an undesirable abrasive effect in the rail-wheel system, but also within the cleaning device itself. In contrast, a cleaning of the track bed between the rails at a comparatively high capacity without moving elements within the cleaning device is realized according to the invention, wherein at the same time the surface of the rails can be cleaned almost without residue from the bulk or spreading material. Due to the pneumatic conveying by the compressed air as a propellant medium, the achievable degree of cleaning can be adapted to the particular circumstances of contamination or the required removal rate, so as for example a quick adaptation to dry or moist bulk or spreading material and thus to the strength of the adhesion to ensure the rail.

Particularly practical in this case proves an embodiment of the invention, in which the impact body for height adjustment of the outlet opening in different vertical positions is movable, in particular pivotable. In this way, the impact body can be lowered, in particular to a height with a small distance to the contamination, in particular so the surface of the sand layer, so as to realize a particularly efficient removal of contamination from the track bed. This also ensures that the particles are not whirled up in an undesirable manner, but instead the directed jet of the propellant and the particles entrained thereby reliably collected and discharged laterally. At the same time a space-saving structural design of the cleaning device is realized, which also can be easily moved or pivoted in different positions, so as to concentrate the cleaning performance, for example, on an area adjacent to the rails. It has also been shown that the impulse transmission of the compressed air to the impurity takes place faster and without loss than in a comparable cleaning device with a transversely supplied drive medium.

The impurities can be discharged by means of the impact body on both sides next to the track bed. By according to a further advantageous modification of the invention, the impact body for deriving the rebounding objects on this, in particular bulk materials, to either one or the other side of the track system is pivotable about a substantially vertical axis, the bulk material, if necessary, to one of the operator of Cleaning device freely selectable side of the track system be discharged. In particular, this is the impact body with respect to its transverse to the rails arranged rest position in a with this an angle between 25 ° and 80 °, in particular between 40 ° and 60 ° enclosing use position pivotally.

In this case, a variant of the cleaning device is not excluded, in which the effective for the derivation of the contaminant size of the baffle is adjustable by a different relative position of the cup-shaped moldings. In this way, the baffle can be adapted to the particular nature of the particular free-flowing impurities, in particular their density in a simple manner. For this purpose, the surface portion of the overlap of the two mold parts is increased or decreased accordingly, so that the minimum area is not or only slightly larger than a single molded part and the maximum area corresponds approximately to the sum of all moldings.

Preferably, the baffle is not designed as a closed in the region of the outlet opening piece of pipe, but procured in the manner of an open channel. In particular, therefore, the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening is limited only in the circumferential section of the concave baffle and otherwise performed open. The lateral discharge of the contaminants can thus be performed reliably without the risk of possible blockage of the outlet opening due to unexpectedly large objects.

For this purpose, according to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the enclosed by the cup-shaped moldings peripheral portion of the outlet opening be adjusted by a different relative position of the moldings. As a result, the discharged into the environment beam of contamination can be formed in the desired manner, for example, to concentrate the discharge power to a small area or to distribute over a large area. In this case, a small outlet opening is accompanied by a nozzle effect, through which impurities receive a considerable acceleration. The outlet opening can be designed to be slidable or pivotable and extendable for this purpose. In addition, it may be useful to arrange the outlet opening with a small distance to the ground and equip it with a comparatively large outlet cross-section in order to avoid unnecessary turbulence.

Preferably, for this purpose, the cup-shaped mold parts in the manner of a slotted guide are pivotally and / or slidingly interconnected and can thereby in particular be moved relative to each other so that the trapped cross-sectional area between the two sides of the rail vehicle steadily increasing or decreasing and in the region of the outlet opening its minimum or has your maximum.

Although the moldings may be designed for this purpose as elastically deformable plastic parts, it has already proven to be particularly useful when the cup-shaped moldings are designed as curved sheet metal moldings.

In one variant, the feed for the driving medium may have a plurality of annular openings on the circumference of the feed, in particular evenly distributed nozzle openings and / or driving nozzles. By the drive nozzles are each connected to its own pressure supply, the suction power can be optimally adapted to the circumstances of the particular application, in particular to the speed of the rail vehicle. In this way, even a suction is ensured, which corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the suction when additional external flow influences are inevitable.

Furthermore, it has already proven to be particularly useful if the cleaning device has a plurality of independently controllable, for example, separately acted upon with compressed air inlet openings for the propellant.

Preferably, also the supply for the compressed air or the driving medium relative to the track bed in different vertical distances can be fixed so as to be able to adjust an optimal distance of the feed or a suitable orientation relative to the surface of the bulk material or grit in a simple manner.

Of course, the cleaning device may comprise a plurality of longitudinally arranged in different longitudinal planes in different levels inlet openings, which preferably open into the same outlet, so that a layered removal of the suction medium is gradually enabled until complete removal by a plurality of inlet openings in succession.

The second object, to provide a equipped with such a suction rail vehicle, can be removed quickly and efficiently with the grit from the track bed and the rail surface, according to the invention realized in that the rail vehicle is equipped with a cleaning device, a particular as a Nozzle executed supply for compressed air as the driving medium and a direction of action with a main direction component in a plane parallel to the rails in a respective direction of travel of the rail vehicle, wherein in the direction of travel before the supply to this spaced an impact body, in particular made of sheet metal, is movably arranged, wherein the Impact body having a feed facing, at least partially concave baffle surface, comprising at least two shell-shaped moldings, the setting of different, limited by these moldings cross-sectional areas in the region of a lat Eralen outlet opening are mutually movable, in particular pivotally connected, so that by the compressed air in the direction of travel against the baffle impingement impinges either to one of the two sides of the rail vehicle or the track system distractable and can be discharged through the outlet opening into the environment.

It proves to be expedient if, in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle in front of the cleaning device, a slider is provided so as to be able to laterally push off a considerable amount of dirt from the track system. As a result, the cleaning can be essentially limited to the areas lying between the rails below the level of the rail surface, so that the cleaning performance can be increased overall in relation to the distance cleared in a predetermined time.

For this purpose, the slider can be adjusted, so that the bulk material is displaced either to one of the two sides. As a result, the cleaning device can be optimally adapted to the respective conditions of use. In addition, it is also possible to provide flexible guide elements, for example brushes, in order to be able to supply the spreading material to the at least one inlet opening in a targeted manner.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht auf ein mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung ausgestattetes Schienenfahrzeug;

Fig. 2a

eine Draufsicht auf das Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Austragsrichtung auf der linken Fahrzeugseite;

Fig. 2b

eine Draufsicht auf das Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Austragsrichtung auf der rechten Fahrzeugseite;

Fig. 3

einen Prallkörper der Reinigungsvorrichtung mit zwei Prallflächen in einer Neutralstellung in einer Vorderansicht;

Fig. 4

den in Figur 3 gezeigten Prallkörper in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5

den in Figur 3 gezeigten Prallkörper in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 6

den in Figur 3 gezeigten Prallkörper in einer Arbeitsposition mit einer verkleinerten Austrittsöffnung auf der linken Seite;

Fig. 7

den in Figur 6 gezeigten Prallkörper mit einer verkleinerten Austrittsöffnung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 8

den in Figur 3 gezeigten Prallkörper in einer Arbeitsposition mit einer verkleinerten Austrittsöffnung auf der rechten Seite;

Fig. 9

den in Figur 8 gezeigten Prallkörper mit einer verkleinerten Austrittsöffnung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 10

zwei einander gegenüberliegend angeordnete Prallköper mit einer jeweiligen Zuführung für Druckluft in einer Detaildarstellung;

Fig. 11

die in Figur 10 gezeigte Zuführung mit einer Düse in unterschiedlichen Schwenkpositionen;

Fig. 12

die in Figur 10 gezeigte Zuführung mit unterschiedlichem Abstand zum Untergrund.

The invention allows for various embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in

Fig. 1

a side view of a equipped with a cleaning device rail vehicle;

Fig. 2a

a plan view of the rail vehicle with a discharge direction on the left side of the vehicle;

Fig. 2b

a plan view of the rail vehicle with a discharge direction on the right side of the vehicle;

Fig. 3

an impact body of the cleaning device with two baffles in a neutral position in a front view;

Fig. 4

the in FIG. 3 shown impact body in a side view;

Fig. 5

the in FIG. 3 shown impact body in a perspective view;

Fig. 6

the in FIG. 3 shown impact body in a working position with a reduced outlet opening on the left side;

Fig. 7

the in FIG. 6 shown impact body with a reduced outlet opening in a perspective view;

Fig. 8

the in FIG. 3 shown impact body in a working position with a reduced outlet opening on the right side;

Fig. 9

the in FIG. 8 shown impact body with a reduced outlet opening in a perspective view;

Fig. 10

two oppositely arranged baffles with a respective supply for compressed air in a detailed view;

Fig. 11

in the FIG. 10 shown feed with a nozzle in different pivot positions;

Fig. 12

in the FIG. 10 shown feeder with different distance to the ground.

The cleaning device 1 according to the invention for cleaning a track system 2 with a rail 3 and track sleepers 4 having track bed is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 shown in more detail. The cleaning device 1 is integrated in a rail vehicle 5 and preferably serves to remove non-pouring or free-flowing impurities, in particular sand, from the track bed. For this purpose, the cleaning device 1 has a feed 6 for compressed air as the driving medium, which emerges in the direction of travel 7 of the rail vehicle 5 obliquely directed from above onto the surface of the contaminated track system 2. In this case, the cleaning device 1 is configured redundantly such that one of two feeders 6 is activated in both possible directions of travel 7.

As in particular in the FIGS. 2a and 2b recognizable, is in the direction of travel 7 before the feeder 6 with a distance a to this one in the FIGS. 3 to 9 enlarged illustrated impact body 8 pivotally mounted about a vertical axis 9. Corresponding to a selected side angle α of the swivel position, the ejection of the free-flowing impurities deflected on the impact body 8 takes place as an exit jet 10, optionally to one or the other vehicle side l, r. The structural design of the impact body 8 will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 3 to 9 further clarified. As can be seen, the impact body 8 has an impact surface 11, which is concave, at least sectionally, facing the supply 6 and consists of two shell-shaped moldings 12, 13. For setting a desired cross-sectional area 15 bounded by these moldings 12, 13 in the region of a lateral outlet opening 14, these moldings 12 are , 13 pivotally connected about an axis 16 relative to each other. Thus, by allowing the outlet opening 14 to be enlarged or reduced, the outlet jet 10 can be shaped in the desired manner. For example, such a thin sand blast of high speed can be generated to achieve a wide ejection. Likewise, a cloud-shaped discharge jet 10 can be generated. In addition, the setting of the outlet opening 14 is independent of the side angle α of the impact body 8. Rather, the effective for the derivation of contamination size of the baffle 11 is determined by a different relative position of the cup-shaped mold parts 12, 13.

In the FIG. 1 shown supply 6 for compressed air will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 10 to 12 explained in more detail, each showing the feed 6 and the oppositely arranged impact body 8. As can be seen, the feeder 6 has a plurality of conduits 17 each opening into a nozzle 18. Each of these nozzles 18, depending on the respective distance to the baffle body 8 and the formation of the mold parts 12, 13 in different vertical distances relative to the baffle 8 can be fixed. For this purpose, each nozzle 18 is connected to a pivot arm 19, which is deflectable by a drive, not shown in the direction of arrow 20. Regardless, the nozzle 18 is pivotable about an axis 21 in the direction of arrow 22 to adjust a desired direction of the exiting air flow against the baffle body 8 can.

Claims (12)

1. Cleaning device (1) for cleaning a track system (2) intended for rail vehicles (5) to remove loose or free-flowing contaminants, wherein the cleaning device (1) is configured as a mobile unit which can be arranged on a rail vehicle (5), and has a feed (6) for compressed air as driving medium and an effective direction with a main direction component in a respective direction of travel (7), wherein an impact body (8) is movably arranged ahead of the feed (6) in the direction of travel (7) so as to be spaced by a distance (a) therefrom, which impact body (8) has an at least partially concave impact surface (11) which faces the feed (6), characterized by at least two bowl-like shaped parts (12, 13) which, in order to set different cross-sectional areas (15) delimited by these shaped parts (12, 13), are movably connected to one another in the region of a lateral outlet opening (14), with the result that contaminants which strike against the impact surface (11) in the direction of travel (7) by means of the compressed air can be selectively deflected to one of the two vehicle sides (1, r) of the rail vehicle (5) or of the track system (2) and can be discharged through the outlet opening (14) into the surroundings.
2. Cleaning device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in order to set the height of the outlet opening (14), the impact body (8) is movable, in particular pivotably movable, into different vertical positions.
3. Cleaning device (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to guide away the objects, in particular loose material, impacting the impact body (8), the latter is pivotably movable either to the one or the other side of the track system (2) about a substantially vertical axis (9).
4. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the effective size of the impact surface (11) for guiding away the contamination can be set by a different relative position of the bowl-like shaped parts (12, 13).
5. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (15) of the outlet opening (14) is delimited by the concave impact surface (11) only in certain portions of the circumference and is otherwise configured to be open.
6. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the circumferential portion of the outlet opening (14) that is enclosed by the bowl-like shaped parts (12, 13) can be set by a different relative position of the shaped parts (12, 13).
7. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bowl-like shaped parts (12, 13) are pivotably movably and/or slideably movably connected to one another in the manner of a slotted-link guide.
8. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bowl-like shaped parts (12, 13) are configured as curved sheet-metal shaped parts.
9. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed (6) for compressed air has a nozzle (18) which, in dependence on the relative distance from the impact body (8), can be fixed at different vertical and/or horizontal distances.
10. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed (6) for compressed air has a nozzle (18) which is arranged so as to be pivotably movable about an axis (21) in order to set a different relative orientation with respect to the impact body (8).
11. Rail vehicle (5) which is provided with a cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims.
12. Rail vehicle (5) according to Claim 11, characterized in that a pusher is provided ahead of the cleaning device (1) in the direction of travel (7) of the rail vehicle (5), by means of which the loose material can be selectively pushed off to one of the two vehicle sides (1, r).

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