ES2662874T3 - Cleaning device for a railway and rail vehicle installation equipped with this cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

Cleaning device (1) to clean a railway track installation (2) intended for railway vehicles (5) in order to strip it of disaggregated or flowing dirt, whose cleaning device (1) is built as a mobile unit that can be arranged in a railway vehicle (5) and has a supply (6) for compressed air acting as propellant and a direction of action with a main directional component in a respective direction of travel (7), being movably arranged at a distance (a ) in front of the supply (6), considered in the direction of travel (7), a deflector body (8) having a deflector surface (11) at least sectionally concave that is turned towards the supply (6), characterized by at least two tray-shaped profiled parts (12, 13) which, to fit different cross-sectional surfaces (15) limited by these profiled parts (12, 13) in the area of a lateral outlet opening (1 4), are movably connected to each other, so that dirt that hits the deflector surface (11) in the direction of travel (7) can be deflected by the compressed air to one of the two sides (l , r) of the railway vehicle (5) or the railway installation (2) and can be discharged into the environment through the outlet opening (14).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Cleaning device for a railway and rail vehicle installation equipped with this cleaning device.

The invention concerns a cleaning device for cleaning a railway installation intended for railway vehicles with a railroad bed provided with rails and sleepers to strip it of unbundled or flowing dirt, the cleaning device being constructed as a mobile unit that can get in a rail vehicle. Also, the invention concerns a railway vehicle equipped with a cleaning device of this class.

For cleaning a railway track superstructure, a device is already known from DE 20 2009 009 649 U1 intended to clean railway track superstructures and tunnel walls. Such systems are frequently used to clean the surface on commuter railways as an essential integral part of maintenance measures. This concerns, above all, the increasing fouling of railway installations due to the effect of waste, especially the remains of cigarettes, waste paper, containers and the like, but also due to braking sand, dust and metal abrasion of the rails. To ensure the highest possible working speed and suction capacity in the tunnel area, only air is used as a means of cleaning and this, due to the oblique position of the air nozzles, produces immense turbulence in the area of cleaning that ensures the functionally necessary overpressure curtain and encourages the release of the fouling components from the surface to be cleaned. In an advantageous embodiment of this known solution, the suction capacity within the blowing and suction system is varied, the portions of dirt disintegrated or detached into the suction body being sucked especially by the effect of the oblique position of the air nozzles.

Although the aforementioned device for cleaning a railway track superstructure and stripping it of dirt, such as packaging waste, provides excellent results, this principle can only be used conditionally in the case of natural phenomena that cover large areas of the entire railway installation. iron, as well as in the presence of the inherent movement of large amounts of disaggregated material.

Faced with this, it is true that snow masses or swirls of snow, which, from a critical mass, also severely damage or paralyze public rail traffic, can hardly be eliminated by means of suction techniques. However, for such cases the snowplow keels have already been successful with which the surfaces of the rails can be discovered with a relatively small cost. In contrast to sand or gravel, the snow left on the railroad bed between the rails does not harm the wheel flange that penetrates it. On the contrary, snow can be easily compressed or dislodged at that site.

Different is the behavior of fouling caused by sand, gravel, dust or other disaggregated or flowing substances, such as those produced in industrial facilities, for example gravel areas, or in sandy territories, for example deserts, beach areas or dune areas . For example, the dreaded sandstorms in the desert can quickly pile up large amounts of sand that completely cover the railway track and rails.

Faced with such obstacles, attempts have also been made to remove the sand by means of a pusher similar to a snowplow keel so as to clear the surface of the rails in a manner known per se. However, it has been seen that the sand must also be removed in the intermediate space between the rails, since, otherwise, the wheel flange penetrates the incompressible sand and has to be evicted. Considerable problems thus arise because the necessary lateral displacement is only achieved at small speeds and, in addition, leads to considerable resistance that, in an extreme case, can lead to a lifting of the wheel and, therefore, to a derailment.

Likewise, the wear of the wheel rims is increased, since, due to the evacuation, at least a small amount of sand is transported to the surface of the rails that then display a considerable abrasive action between the surface of the rails and the wheel rim There is also a deterioration of the rail and the wheel rim.

Document DE 82 36 650 U1 is also known as a device for suctioning the ballast from a railway track with a railroad track that rests on a bed of ballast and is formed by sleepers and rails. This device has a suction tube with a rectangular or round suction nozzle that is connected with a rubber skirt that has an intake opening or a suction opening open towards the working direction. The suction nozzle that moves along the upper side of the sleepers of the railroad in the longitudinal direction of the device must collect through this lateral aspiration opening the powder or ballast stones that are in the grill of the railway or next to it. In addition, the suction nozzle presents a possibility of regulation transversely to the railway and in the vertical direction.

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Document DE 35 43 040 C2 concerns a device movable by a railroad to suction ballast from a bed of ballast located below a railroad track formed by sleepers and rails, whose machine frame is provided with a suction arrangement connected to a compressor through a suction tube, which has at least one adjustable suction device with a suction opening for the ballast to be collected.

Document DE 296 14 051 U1 concerns a cleaning device for rail surfaces of railroad bodies for railway vehicles with a compressed air solicitation equipment having a compressed air supply and with a suction equipment. The detached dirt deposits swirl here through the air current. A suction hood of the suction equipment is arranged above the railroad. The swirling waste is sucked by the suction equipment, enters from below in the suction hood and is fed to a retention device.

WO 99/20843 A1 refers to a device for cleaning rail striations with a cleaning unit mounted on a railway carrier vehicle, by means of which a high pressure liquid jet is directed towards the rail groove to be cleaned. . The dirt torn off by the high pressure liquid jet is carried away by the reflected liquid jets that come out at a fairly flat angle with the rail surface and is projected against the bottom screen wall of flat configuration. A lower screen wall, side walls and an upper screen wall delimit an outlet opening through which the liquid jets or the dirt-liquid mixture reach a collection tray.

A solution proposal known for a notorious prior use refers to a sand evacuation machine for the conservation of railway tracks that is based on the principle of an inclined transport path. A leading end of a conveyor belt is embedded here between the rails and is introduced as a skewer in the sand pile. The sand between the rails is thus evacuated and it is discarded by means of a side discharge. The small working speed is manifested here as disadvantageous.

The present invention is based on the problem of creating a possibility to provide a cleaning device for cleaning a railway installation by stripping it of disaggregated or flowing materials, especially sand, which can be operated quickly and effectively and without a high risk. of wear Also, the invention is based on the problem of providing a rail vehicle with a cleaning device of this class.

The problem cited above is solved according to the invention with a cleaning device according to the features of claim 1. The other embodiments of the invention can be deduced from the dependent claims.

Therefore, the cleaning device has, according to the invention, a feed specially designed as a nozzle for compressed air used as a propellant means and an action direction with a main directional component in a plane parallel to the rails in a respective direction of travel, being arranged in a mobile way a deflector body, especially of sheet metal, at a certain distance and in front of the feed, considered in the direction of travel, the deflector body presenting a deflector surface at least sectionally concave that is turned towards the feed and comprising the At least two profiled pieces in the form of a tray which, to adjust different cross-sectional surfaces limited by these profiled parts in the area of a side exit opening, are connected to each other in a mobile manner, especially with tilting mobility, whereby the dirt that, due to compressed air, affects the The direction of travel against the deflector surface can be diverted to one of the two sides of the rail vehicle or the railroad installation and can be discharged through the exit opening to the surroundings.

The invention is based on the knowledge that a mechanical removal of the medium to be evacuated in the case of disaggregated or dispersed material, especially sand, leads to an unwanted abrasive action in the area of the rail-wheel system, but also within the cleaning device itself . Against this, a railroad bed cleaning between the rails with a relatively high transport capacity without moving elements within the cleaning device is carried out according to the invention, while the surface of the rails can be cleaned at the same time to strip it of the disaggregated or dispersed material with almost no residue left. Due to the pneumatic transport by the compressed air acting as a propellant means the degree of cleanliness obtainable can also be adapted to the respective circumstances of the fouling or to the evacuation capacity necessary to guarantee, for example, a rapid adaptation to disaggregated or dispersed material. dry or wet and, therefore, to the strength of the adhesion to the rail.

An embodiment of the invention in which the deflector body is movable, especially tiltable, to different vertical positions to adjust the outlet opening in height is manifested here as especially close to practice. In this way, the deflector body can be lowered especially to a height at a short distance from the dirt, that is, especially from the surface of the sand layer, to thus materialize an especially efficient evacuation of the dirt from the bed of the track railroad In addition, it is thus ensured that the particles do not swirl in an undesired manner, but that the directed jet of the propellant means and the

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particles carried by it are reliably captured and laterally diverted. At the same time, a space-saving constructive embodiment of the cleaning device materializes which, in addition, can be moved or tilted without problems to different positions to thus concentrate the cleaning capacity, for example, on an area adjacent to the rails. In addition, it has been seen that the transmission of pulses from compressed air to dirt is carried out more quickly and with less losses than in the case of a comparable cleaning device provided with a transversely fed propellant means.

The dirt can be discharged by means of the deflector body on both sides next to the railroad bed. Since, according to another advantageous variant of the invention, the deflector body for deflecting bouncing objects therein, especially disaggregated materials, is discretionary tiltable towards one or the other side of the railway installation around a substantially vertical axis, the disaggregated material can be discharged, if necessary, to a side of the railroad installation freely selectable by the user of the cleaning device. In particular, the deflector body is tiltable for this with respect to its resting position arranged transversely to the rails to a position of use that forms an angle between 25 ° and 80 °, especially between 40 ° and 60 °.

A variant of the cleaning device is not excluded here in which the size of the deflector surface effective for the deviation of the dirt is adjustable by a different relative position of the tray-shaped profiled parts. The deflector surface can thus be adapted in a simple manner to the respective constitution of especially flowing soils, in particular to their density. To this end, the proportion of the coverage area of the two profiled parts is enlarged or correspondingly reduced, whereby the minimum area is not larger or is only slightly larger than an individual profiled part and the maximum surface corresponds approximately to the sum of all profiled pieces.

Preferably, the baffle surface is not constructed as a closed tubular part in the area of the outlet opening, but is constituted in the manner of an open channel. In particular, the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening is thus limited only in sections of the perimeter by the concave baffle surface and, otherwise, is open. Therefore, the lateral discharge of the dirt can be done reliably without the risk of a possible obstruction of the outlet opening as a result of unexpectedly large objects.

To this end, according to another particularly advantageous embodiment, the peripheral section of the outlet opening confined by the shaped tray-shaped pieces can be adjusted by means of a different relative position of the profiled parts. Therefore, the stream of dirt diverted towards the environment can be shaped in a desired way to concentrate, for example, the discharge capacity in a small area or distribute it over a large surface. A small outlet opening is accompanied by a nozzle action whereby the dirt acquires considerable acceleration. The outlet opening may be constructed for this purpose in a displaceable or tiltable and extensible manner. In addition, it may be pertinent to arrange the outlet opening a short distance from the ground and equip it with a relatively large discharge cross-section to avoid unnecessary swirling.

Preferably, the profiled pieces in the form of a tray are connected to one another in a tiltable and / or sliding manner in the manner of a sliding guide and can thus be moved relative to each other especially in such a way that the confined surface of the cross section between the two sides of the railway vehicle increases or decreases continuously and has its minimum or maximum in the area of the exit opening.

Although the profiled parts may be constructed for this purpose as elastically deformable plastic parts, it has already been shown as especially convenient that the tray-shaped profiled parts are constructed as profiled parts pumped from sheet metal.

In a variant, the feed for the propellant means can have several nozzle openings and / or several propulsion nozzles arranged in the form of a ring on the perimeter of the feed, especially with the same distribution. Since the propulsion nozzles are each connected to their own pressure supply, the suction capacity can be optimally adapted to the circumstances of the respective use, especially the speed of the railway vehicle. In this way, a suction direction corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the suction pipe is ensured even when additional external flow influences are inevitable.

Likewise, it has already become especially relevant that the cleaning device has several intake openings for the propellant means independently controllable from one another and, for example, can be applied separately with compressed air.

Preferably, the feed for compressed air or the propellant means can also be immobilized at different vertical distances with respect to the railroad bed so as to be able to easily adjust an optimum feed distance or a suitable orientation with respect to to the surface of the disaggregated or dispersed material.

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Of course, the cleaning device may comprise several intake openings arranged one after the other in different planes on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, which preferably flow into the same discharge pipe, which makes possible a gradual evacuation and successive layer a layer of the suction medium until its complete elimination through several intake openings.

The second problem cited consists in creating a railway vehicle equipped with a suction arrangement of this kind, with which dispersed material can be quickly and efficiently removed from the bed of the railway track and the surface of the rails, it is solved according to the invention by the fact that the railway vehicle is equipped with a cleaning device having a feed specially constructed as a nozzle for compressed air acting as a propellant means and an action direction with a main directional component in a plane parallel to the rails in a respective direction of travel of the railway vehicle, a deflector body, especially sheet metal, being arranged in a mobile way, at a certain distance from the feed and in front of it, considered in the direction of travel, the deflector body having a deflector surface at least sectionally concave that is turned towards the feed and comprising at least two profiled pieces in the form of a tray that are joined together with one another in movable, especially tiltable form, to adjust different cross-sectional surfaces limited by these profiled parts in the area of a side outlet opening, whereby the dirt that strikes the deflector surface in the direction of travel can be discretionary deflected by the compressed air to one of the two sides of the rail vehicle or the railroad installation and can be discharged into the environment through the opening output

It is here indicated that it is convenient that a pusher is provided in front of the cleaning device, considered in the direction of the rail vehicle, so that a considerable proportion of the dirt can be removed from the railroad installation. The cleaning can thus be substantially limited to the areas between the rails below the plane of the surface thereof, whereby the cleaning capacity can be increased as a whole, referring to the cleared path in a predetermined time.

To this end, the pusher may be adjustable so that the disaggregated material is discretely dislodged to one of the two sides. The cleaning device can thus be optimally adapted to the respective conditions of use. In addition, flexible guide elements, for example brushes, can also be provided to be able to deliberately feed the dispersed material to the at least one intake opening.

The invention admits different embodiments. To further clarify its fundamental principle, one of them is represented in the drawing and described below. This drawing shows in:

Figure 1, a side view of a railway vehicle equipped with a cleaning device;

Figure 2a, a plan view of the railway vehicle with a discharge direction on the left side of the vehicle;

Figure 2b, a plan view of the railway vehicle with a discharge direction on the right side of the vehicle;

Figure 3, a baffle body of the cleaning device with two baffle surfaces in a neutral position, in a front view;

Figure 4, the deflector body shown in Figure 3, in a side view;

Figure 5, the deflector body shown in Figure 3, in a perspective view;

Figure 6, the baffle body shown in Figure 3 in a working position with a reduced outlet opening of size on the left side;

Fig. 7, the deflector body shown in Fig. 6 with an outlet opening reduced in size, in a perspective view;

Figure 8, the deflector body shown in Figure 3 in a working position with a reduced outlet opening of size on the right side;

Fig. 9, the deflector body shown in Fig. 8 with an outlet opening reduced in size, in a perspective view;

Figure 10, two deflector bodies arranged opposite each other with a respective compressed air supply, in a detailed representation;

Figure 11, the feed shown in Figure 10 with a nozzle in different tilting positions; Y

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Figure 12, the feed shown in Figure 10 with a different distance to the ground.

In the following, the cleaning device 1 according to the invention is presented in more detail with the help of Figures 1 to 9 for cleaning a railroad installation 2 with a railroad bed provided with rails 3 and sleepers 4. The device for cleaning 1 is integrated in a rail vehicle 5 and preferably serves to remove ungrouped dirt or flowrs not shown from the rail, especially sand. To this end, the cleaning device 1 has a supply 6 for compressed air acting as a propellant means that leaves obliquely from above in the direction of travel 7 of the rail vehicle 5 and is directed towards the surface of the dirty track installation 2. In this case, the cleaning device 1 is redundantly constructed so that at least one of two feeds 6 is activated in both possible directions of travel 7.

As can be seen especially in Figures 2a and 2b, in front of the feed 6, considered in the direction of travel 7, at a distance from it, a deflector body 8 shown enlarged in Figures 3 to 9 is arranged that can swing around of a vertical axis 9. According to a lateral angle selected a from the tilting position, the discharge of the deflected flowing dirt in the deflector body 8 occurs as an outlet jet 10 directed discretely towards one or the other side l, r of the vehicle . The constructive embodiment of the deflector body 8 is then further clarified with the aid of Figures 3 to 9. As can be seen, the deflector body 8 has a deflector surface 11 at least sectionally concave that is turned towards the feed 6 and constituted by two profiled parts 12, 13 in the form of a tray. To adjust a desired cross-sectional surface 15 limited by these profiled parts 12, 13 in the area of a side outlet opening 14, these profiled parts 12, 13 are joined so that they can swing relative to each other about an axis 16. Therefore, since the outlet opening 14 can be enlarged or reduced in size, the outlet jet 10 can be shaped in the desired manner. For example, a thin stream of sand with high speed can be generated to achieve a distant discharge. Also, an outflow jet 10 can be generated in the form of a cloud. In addition, the adjustment of the outlet opening 14 is independent of the lateral angle a of the deflector body 8. On the contrary, the size of the deflector surface 11 effective for deflection of the dirt is determined by a different relative position of the profiled parts. 12, 13 tray shape.

The supply 6 for compressed air shown in figure 1 is explained in more detail in the following with the help of figures 10 to 12, which each show the feed 6 and the deflector body 8 arranged in front of it. As can be seen, the feed 6 has a plurality of pipes 17 that each flow into a nozzle 18. Each of these nozzles 18 can be immobilized at different vertical distances from the deflector body 8 depending on the respective distance to the body. baffle 8 and of the conformation of the profiled parts 12, 13. To this end, each nozzle 18 is connected with a tilting arm 19 that can be deflected by a drive not shown in the direction of arrow 20. Regardless, the nozzle 18 is tiltable around an axis 21 in the direction of the arrow 22 in order to be able to adjust a desired direction of the outgoing air flow with respect to the deflector body 8.

Claims (12)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five 1. Cleaning device (1) for cleaning a railway installation (2) for railway vehicles (5) in order to strip it of disaggregated or flowing dirt, whose cleaning device (1) is constructed as a mobile unit that can be arranged in a railway vehicle (5) and have a supply (6) for compressed air acting as a propellant means and an action direction with a main directional component in a respective direction of travel (7), being arranged in a mobile way at a distance (a) in front of the feed (6), considered in the direction of travel (7), a deflector body (8) having a baffle surface (11) at least sectionally concave that is turned towards the feed (6), characterized by at least two profiled parts (12, 13) in the form of a tray which, to adjust different cross-sectional surfaces (15) limited by these profiled parts (12, 13) in the area of an opening side outlet (14), are connected to each other in a mobile way, so that the dirt that falls against the deflector surface (11) in the direction of travel (7) can be discretionally diverted by the compressed air towards one of the two sides (l, r) of the railway vehicle (5) or of the railway installation (2) and can be discharged into the environment through the exit opening (14). 2. Cleaning device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector body (8) is movable, preferably tiltable, to different vertical positions to adjust the outlet opening (14) in height. 3. Cleaning device (1) according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflector body (8) is tiltable around a substantially vertical axis (9) to discretely deflect objects bouncing therein, especially disaggregated materials, towards one or the other side of the railway installation (2). 4. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the deflector surface (11) effective for the deviation of the dirt is adjustable by effect of a different relative position of the profiled parts ( 12, 13) tray shape. 5. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface (15) of the cross-section of the outlet opening (14) is limited only in sections of its periphery by the concave baffle surface ( 11) and, otherwise, it is open construction. 6. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the peripheral section of the outlet opening (14) confined by the profiled parts (12, 13) in the form of a tray is adjustable by effect of a different relative position of the profiled parts (12, 13). 7. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tray-shaped profiled parts (12, 13) are joined to one another in a tiltable and / or sliding manner in the manner of a guide Sliding 8. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiled parts (12, 13) in the form of a tray are constructed as profiled parts pumped from sheet metal. 9. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply (6) for compressed air has a nozzle (18) that can be immobilized at different vertical and / or horizontal distances depending on the distance relative to the deflector body (8). 10. Cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply (6) for compressed air has a nozzle (18) which is arranged in a tiltable manner around an axis (21) to adjust a different relative orientation with respect to the deflector body (8). 11. Rail vehicle (5) which is provided with a cleaning device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims. 12. Rail vehicle (5) according to claim 11, characterized in that it is provided in front of the cleaning device (1), considered in the direction of travel (7) of the rail vehicle (5), a pusher by which it can be removed discretionally disaggregated material to one of the two sides (l, r) of the vehicle.