WO2019170389A1

WO2019170389A1 - Cleaning machine that can be moved on a tracks

Info

Publication number: WO2019170389A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/053756
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Pfingstl; Martin Knott
Original assignee: Robel Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh
Priority date: 2018-03-06
Filing date: 2019-02-15
Publication date: 2019-09-12
Also published as: DE102018001793A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning machine (2) that can be moved on tracks, in particular for cleaning a ballast bed (3) of a track (4), comprising a machine frame (6), which can be moved on rail-mounted travel units (5), and a suction device (10) having a filter system (8), the suction device comprising a suction funnel (11, 12) and at least one compressed air nozzle (18). According to the invention, in a working direction (14), at least two suction funnels (11, 12) arranged one behind the other are provided, to which negative pressures (p₁, p₂) of different magnitude can be applied. The invention further relates to a method for a cleaning machine (1) that can be moved on tracks.

Description

Track-operated cleaning machine

Field of engineering

The invention relates to a track-movable cleaning machine, in particular for cleaning a ballast bed of a track, with a on

Rail bogies movable machine frame and one, one

Filter unit having suction device comprising a suction funnel and at least one compressed air nozzle. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for a track-traveling cleaning machine.

State of the art

[02] Cleaning machines for cleaning a ballast bed are already known several times. For example, EP 0 337 048 A1 or DE 41 08 673 A1 disclose solutions with a suction funnel arranged on a rail vehicle, which is positioned above a ballast bed. To the

Suction funnel is connected via a filter system a fan to absorb dirt and filter. Here are within the suction funnel

Compressed air nozzles arranged to stir up dirt particles from the ballast bedding. Due to the design, no deep cleaning of the ballast bedding is possible with such solutions.

Due to weather conditions such as rain and meltwater, as well as vibrations in the ballast dirt particles can penetrate into the depth of the ballast bedding. By rubbing the ballast stones against each other also arise fine in the ballast bed

Dirt particles.

[04] The functions of the ballast in the superstructure are manifold. In addition to distributing and cushioning the loads of rail vehicles, the drainage of rainwater is an important task. Impurities in the ballast adversely affect these functions of the ballast.

[05] Due to poor drainage ability of the ballast, it can cause

Water accumulations come, these accumulations of water in the ballast bed change the carrying behavior of the ballast. In addition, it can be softened by the soil layers below the gravel

Get muddy from tracks. Especially with ongoing

Freezing temperatures cause freezing

Water accumulation in the track bed, which can lead to changes in the track position (track elevation).

In order to ensure the proper functioning of the ballast, it is state of the art to regularly replace the ballast in track systems. The

Replacement gravel may be new gravel or processed old gravel. The treatment usually takes place directly on the machine. Such maintenance operations are associated with high costs and high costs. Track sections must be blocked for use for up to several weeks. After inserting the replacement ballast, the track must be realigned and the ballast repeatedly stuffed.

[07] In addition to influencing the damping and drainage properties of the ballast, contamination in the track has further disadvantages. Dust that is superficial on the gravel or shallow between the

Gravel stones, can pass by the suction effect of

Tracked vehicles are whirled up. The dust, which subsequently sinks to the ground, settles on the upper edge of the rail, among other things, and causes increased wear on the rail and wheel when the track is next covered.

[08] In addition, swirling fine dust, such as gravel dust, can be hazardous to health if in the vicinity of people

Environment of the track is inhaled.

[09] This superficial dust occurs especially in new lines and freshly replaced gravel.

Summary of the invention

[10] The invention is based on the objects to provide an improvement over the prior art for a cleaning machine and a method of the type mentioned. According to the invention, these objects are achieved by a

Cleaning machine according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 16. Dependent claims indicate advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The invention provides that the cleaning machine comprises at least two in a working direction of the machine successively arranged suction funnels, which are acted upon by different sized negative pressures.

The two different negative pressures form two different volume flows. Both suction funnels are connected to vacuum generating devices. Preferably, filter systems for cleaning the air are arranged between the suction funnel and the vacuum generator.

By the present invention, impurities from the

Ballast bed to be removed without having to remove the gravel from the track. Thus, it is ensured that elaborate

Maintenance interventions to swap the track ballast less frequently

must be performed. The invention makes it possible to remove dust from the depth of the ballast, which can not be removed by pure superficial suction.

It makes sense if the suction funnels are designed to be height adjustable.

Thus, a distance between ballast bed and suction funnel can be optimally adjusted to the suction result and thus the

To optimize cleaning performance.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that in

Working direction a surface suction funnel for a pre-cleaning, in particular for the removal of bulky objects, is acted upon by a first suppression and that in the working direction behind the

Surface suction funnel arranged deep suction funnel for

Deep cleaning of the ballast bed is subjected to a higher with respect to the first suppression second negative pressure.

[16] The surface suction funnel is suitable for cleaning

Superficially clean gravel bedding. The surface suction funnel is particularly suitable for large-volume objects such as leaves, PET bottles and paper and cigarette butts, for example, Remove packaging material or the like from the track. Thus, a superficial pre-cleaning by means of the surface suction funnel with a low volume flow takes place first. The possibly large-volume items of dirt are thus removed and do not hinder the subsequent deep cleaning.

[17] The deep suction funnel, which is located behind the surface suction funnel in the working direction of the machine, is suitable for absorbing dust particles from the largest possible depth in the ballast. For this purpose, a correspondingly high negative pressure is generated in the deep suction funnel. This higher negative pressure causes a correspondingly high volume flow.

It is advantageous if a surface suction funnel is arranged in a rail longitudinal direction on both sides of the deep suction funnel. In this way, the working direction of the cleaning machine is reversible at any time. This is a more flexible work of the

Cleaning machine guaranteed.

[19] In an alternative arrangement, the surface suction funnel and the deep suction funnel are in particular arranged so that they can be exchanged automatically. In this way, with only two suction funnels, the working direction is reversible by the direction of travel of the machine is changed.

Another alternative to simple working direction reversal provides that each suction funnel via switching either as a surface suction funnel for a pre-cleaning, especially for removal

large-volume objects by means of a first suppression or as a deep suction funnel for deep cleaning of the ballast bed by means of a relation to the first suppression higher second suppression is adjustable. Each suction funnel is designed so that it can be used for both surface and deep cleaning. In this case, functional elements such as retaining device and compressed-air nozzles can either be present at both funnels or can be moved between the two funnels, preferably automatically.

[21] Furthermore, it makes sense if the depth-suction funnel is arranged to be movable at least in the working direction of the machine. This makes it possible to leave the deep suction funnel above a sleeper compartment without to interrupt a priority of the cleaning machine. By keeping the depth suction funnel over a threshold compartment for an exposure period, an improvement in the depth suction effect can be achieved.

In particular, it makes sense if the deep-suction funnel on a in

Rail longitudinal direction sliding support frame is mounted on the machine frame.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the deep-suction funnel has at a downwardly facing Saugtrichteröffnung a circumferential skirt to minimize the gap between the depth-suction funnel and track surface in a lowered state of the depth-suction funnel. This circumferential skirt is preferably made flexible and adapted to adapt to the irregular track surface. Here, the skirt has sufficient rigidity to withstand the vacuum acting in the suction funnel.

[24] Advantageously, several compressed air nozzles are arranged outside and / or inside the depth suction funnel. These compressed air nozzles are arranged in particular laterally and support the suction process. By means of these nozzles, compressed air is injected into a gravel area outside the area covered by the hopper. By injecting compressed air, the differential pressure between the pressure of the air between the

Ballast stones and the pressure in the deep suction funnel are further increased. Thus, the depth of penetration of the suction of the deep suction funnel is increased in the ballast and it can be sucked out of greater depths of the ballast impurities.

[25] It is expedient for a swivel arm, which comprises compressed-air nozzles, to be arranged in the working direction on a front side and / or on a rear side of the depth-suction funnel. By means of the pivot arms are the

Compressed air nozzles for a cleaning process in an optimal working position.

[26] In a further expansion stage of the invention, the compressed-air nozzles are so

stated that the tips of the nozzles can be moved into the gravel. Thus, the compressed air can be injected even deeper into the ballast and thus the depth of suction can be further increased. [27] A further embodiment of the invention provides that the deep suction funnel has a retention device arranged on a mammalian opening. By the restraint device ensures that through the

Cleaning process the gravel layer is not changed inadmissible. Due to the high negative pressure in the deep suction funnel, otherwise ballast stones may be sucked in. By the upstream

Surface suction funnels are removed in a first process step objects from the ballast bed, which can lead to clogging of the restraint.

[28] Advantageously, the restraint device is designed as a grid. This is a structurally simple, but cheap and reliable solution. In addition, a mesh size of the grid is optimally adapted to a gravel grain size, so that only whole grains of gravel retained and

Schotter fragment can be sucked up. In addition, it makes sense to flexibly perform the restraint to the present

Optimally adapt surface structure.

In a further improvement of the invention it is provided that the

Surface suction funnels and / or the deep suction funnel are divided into a plurality of successively and / or juxtaposed Saugtrichtersegmente. Thus, the cleaning device during operation can be easily adapted to the changing topology of the track.

It is advantageous if at least one Saugtrichtersegment is designed to be adjustable in height separately from other Saugtrichtersegmenten. As a result, for example, between the two rails of a track

arranged Saugtrichtersegmente be lowered down to the ballast, while outer Saugtrichtersegmente be lowered only over the rail. Due to this structure, the system is also adaptable to installations in the track, or can avoid this. Installations are in the track

for example, road handlebars and installations associated with train control, e.g. Balises and axle counters.

[31] To prevent damage to the vacuum generator, pipes and filters due to excessive pressure, the device includes Advantageously, safety valves which, in the event of an inadmissibly high negative pressure in the intake tract, introduce ambient air from outside into the intake tract.

[32] The inventive method provides that during a

Machine precedence by means of the suction funnel superficial

Impurities are sucked in and that by means of the other

Saugtrichters during temporary positioning over a sleeper compartment deep cleaning of the ballast bed is performed. In this way, a combined cleaning takes place in one operation, wherein the suction funnels are adapted to different degrees of protection or different suction processes.

[33] In an advantageous development of the method opens on

Rail chassis supported machine frame together with a surface suction funnel continuously forward, with a in

Rail longitudinally displaceable deep suction funnel is cyclically moved forward and backward relative to the machine frame to remain positioned during a backward movement for a depth cleaning operation on a threshold compartment. As a result, the cleaning machine does not have to constantly decelerate or start again during the suction process. This optimizes the working speed of the cleaning machine and minimizes wear and costs.

[34] It is advantageous if compressed air nozzles are activated during positioning of the deep suction funnel above a sleeper compartment on the deep suction funnel.

Brief description of the drawings

[35] The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In a schematic representation:

Fig. Ί cleaning machine with suction device

Fig. 2 Detail view of the suction device

Fig. 3 surface suction funnel in a front view

Fig. 4 surface suction funnel in a side view Fig. 5 deep suction funnel in a front view

Fig. 6 deep suction funnel in a side view

Fig. 7-ΊΊ steps

Description of the embodiments

[36] FIG. 1 shows a cleaning machine 2 movable on rails,,

in particular for cleaning a ballast bed 3 of a track 4, with a movable on rail chassis 5 machine frame 6. Above the machine frame 6, a vehicle body 7 is arranged, in which a filter unit 8 and fan 9 are. Below the machine frame 6, a suction device Ί0 is arranged, which is composed of two surface suction funnels ΊΊ and a deep suction funnel Ί2. The deep suction funnel Ί2 is arranged below the machine frame 6, the two surface suction funnels ΊΊ are positioned in the rail longitudinal direction Ί3 on both sides next to the deep suction funnel Ί2, wherein preferably only in a working direction Ί4 arranged in front of the deep suction funnel surface suction funnel ΊΊ is active for a superficial pre-cleaning. The suction funnels ΊΊ, Ί2 are connected via suction channels Ί5 and the filter unit 8 to the fans 9. Furthermore, within the vehicle box 7, a compressed air generator Ί6, which are connected via pressure lines Ί7 with compressed air nozzles 18 arranged on the suction funnels 11, 12.

[37] FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the suction device 10. The

Machine frame 6 is formed between the rail bogies 5 cranked upwards. The two outer surface suction funnels 11 are arranged adjustable in height relative to a holding device 20 connected to the machine frame 6 via actuators 19. The between the

Surface suction funnels 11 positioned deep suction funnel 12 is disposed on a support frame 21, which in the rail longitudinal direction thirteenth

is formed longitudinally displaceable relative to the machine frame 6.

In addition, the depth-suction funnel 12 is formed height-adjustable via actuators 19 relative to the support frame 21. [38] Fig. 3 shows a detail view of the surface suction funnel ΊΊ in a front view. For a tracking of the surface suction funnel ΊΊ during cornering is advantageously a transverse displacement drive for a displacement in the transverse direction 22 rail provided. The

Machine frame 6 is shown in section. The surface suction funnel ΊΊ is subdivided into three juxtaposed Saugtrichtersegmente 23, which have at a lower end a common horizontally disposed pressure line with compressed air nozzles Ί8. The number of juxtaposed Saugtrichtersegmente 23 can be adapted to the particular requirements. In the rail transverse direction 22 are each two actuators Ί9 provided for the height adjustment end, which are supported on the holding device 20 of the machine frame 6. About flexible

Connections 25 open the Saugtrichtersegmente 23 each in one

Suction channel Ί5.

[39] In Fig. 4 is a side detail view of the surface suction funnel ΊΊ

shown. In the rail longitudinal direction Ί3 are on both sides of the

Saugtrichtersegmenten 23 compressed air nozzles Ί8 arranged. These dissolve superficial contamination of the ballast bed 3 and whirl it up, over the surface suction funnel ΊΊ the dissolved impurities are sucked off. A lower flow 26 for this superficial

Pre-cleaning is adjusted so that no gravel is sucked. The

Actuators Ί9 and an associated guide device 27 provide height adjustment.

[40] In Fig. 5 is a detail view of the depth suction funnel Ί2 in one

Front view shown. On the machine frame 6, the holding device 20 is arranged. The deep suction funnel Ί2 is subdivided in the transverse direction of the rail 22 into four individual suction funnel segments 23 arranged side by side. Again, the number of Saugtrichtersegmente 23 can be adapted to the present requirements. The Saugtrichtersegmente 23 are connected via actuators Ί9 with the support frame 2Ί, which is arranged longitudinally displaceable relative to the holding device 20 in the rail longitudinal direction Ί3. In the illustrated variant, the support frame 2Ί comprises a longitudinal guides 29, which are guided in the holding device 20. In a Alternatively variant, the holding device 20 longitudinal guides, on which the support frame 2Ί with the depth-suction funnel Ί2

is guided longitudinally displaceable. It is, for example, between

Holding device 20 and support frame 2Ί as a hydraulic or

Pneumatic cylinder trained displacement drive arranged.

[41] The outer Saugtrichtersegmente 23 can each lowered individually

be, the two inner Saugtrichtersegmente 23 can be lowered together. In this way, the deep suction funnel 12 is optimally adaptable to a track geometry. For example, the two middle Saugtrichtersegmente 23 are lowered between the rails 1 on a threshold compartment 28, wherein the two outer Saugtrichtersegmente 23 are lowered only briefly to the rail 1. The compressed air nozzles 18 are also executed with the Saugtrichtersegmenten 23 individually lowered.

[42] At the edge of the Saugtrichtersegmente 23 forms a respective elastic skirt 31 a curtain. This apron 31 is made flexible and adapts optimally to the surface contour of the track 4 in the lowered state. Optionally, the skirt 31 in the region of the rails 1 recesses 34 in the form of the present cross section of the rails 1 together with iron. It is useful if the skirt 31 is adjustable or easily replaceable attached to the edge of the Saugtrichtersegmente 23.

[43] Fig. 6 shows the deep suction funnel 12 in detail in a side view. The support frame 21 is slidably mounted in the rail longitudinal direction 13.

The side compressed air nozzles 18 are arranged, these can be fixedly attached to the hopper or arranged to be movable via pivot drives 24 on a pivot arm 30. By means of these pressure nozzles 18 is during a

Suction process into the threshold compartments compressed air injected. Injection may be into the threshold compartments 28 adjacent the depth suction funnel 12, or into the threshold compartment 28 below the depth suction funnel. This deeper impurities are whirled up or loosened, to then be sucked by the depth-suction funnel 12. To enhance this effect 12 pressure nozzles 18 are arranged in an improved design and within the depth-suction funnel. These blow compressed air into the ballast or onto the surface of the ballast bed 3. An extension of the invention provides that the compressed air nozzles Ί8 can dive into the ballast bed to further increase the cleaning performance.

[45] At the edge of the lower opening of the deep suction funnel Ί2 the elastic skirt 3Ί is arranged. By means of this apron 3Ί is between

Ballast bed 3 and deep suction funnel Ί2 a laterally sealed space formed so that the suction effect is directed into the depth of the ballast bed 3. An intended for this deep cleaning oppression p2 is designed much larger than the suppression for surface cleaning pi. The suction of ballast is prevented by a designed as a grid retention device 33. This restraint device 33 is expediently designed to be elastic in order to flexibly adapt to the present surface of the track Ί in the lowered state.

Alternatively, the deep suction funnel Ί2 can also be arranged to be displaceable directly on the machine frame 6 in the rail longitudinal direction Ί3. Also, a combined displacement of the support frame 2Ί on the machine frame 6 and the depth suction funnel Ί2 on the support frame 2Ί can be a useful variant for extending the displacement. Thus, if necessary, a faster positioning of the depth-suction Ί2 is possible.

[47] Figures 7-ΊΊ show the different steps in one

continuous machine feed with a feed speed vi. In Fig. 7, the depth suction funnel Ί2 is lowered into a threshold compartment 28. In this case, the elastic skirt 3Ί adapts to the surface of the ballast bed 3 or the threshold surfaces. The compressed air nozzles Ί8 are pivoted via the respective pivot arm 30 into the respectively adjacent sleeper compartment 28 in order to inject compressed air into the ballast bed 3 from the front and the rear. Optionally, Druckluft2 compressed air nozzles Ί8 are activated within the deep suction funnel .2. The surface suction funnels ΊΊ are lowered to above the rails Ί, wherein the front in the working direction Ί4 surface suction funnel beauf with a lower volume flow 26 is applied. So be with

continuous feed sucked off superficial impurities. For deep cleaning, the deep suction funnel Ί2 temporarily lingers above the current threshold compartment 28, the support frame 2Ί counteracting Working direction Ί4 relative to the machine frame 6 is moved. This shift speed V2 has the same amount as the

Feed rate vi, but in the opposite direction.

[48] In Fig. 8, the deep suction funnel Ί2 is at a rear

Turning point, wherein the Tiefensaugvorgang for the current threshold compartment 28 is terminated. Without interrupting the machine approach, the swivel arms 30 are swung up with the compressed air nozzles Ί8 and the deep suction funnel Ί2 raised. Also the surface cleaning by means of

Surface suction funnel ΊΊ is continuously continued.

[49] In the raised position, the deep suction funnel Ί2 with a

Reset speed v ₃ shifted in working direction Ί4. These

Reset speed v ₃ is significantly higher than that

Feed speed vi of the cleaning machine 2 (FIG. 9). The

Speeds v1, v3 and the displacement of the deep suction funnel Ί2 relative to the machine frame 6 are matched to the threshold division of the track 4 to be cleaned. In this way, the depth suction funnel Ί2 is positioned and lowered over the next threshold pocket 28. In Fig. Ί0 is the deep suction funnel Ί2 at the front reversal point.

In FIG. 11, for the new current sleeper compartment 28, a depth suction cycle with lowered deep suction funnel Ί 2 and compressed air nozzles Ί 8 pressurized with compressed air begins on swivel arms 30 swung down.

Claims

claims

Ί. Track-operated cleaning machine (2), in particular for cleaning a ballast bed (3) of a track (4), with a rail carriage (5)

movable machine frame (6) and a, a filter unit (8) having suction device (10) having a suction funnel (11, 12) and at least one

Compressed-air nozzle (18), dadu rch characterized in that in a working direction (14) at least two successively arranged suction funnels (11, 12) are provided which are acted upon with different sized negative pressures (pi, p ₂ ).

2. cleaning machine (2) according to claim 1, dadu rch in that the suction funnels (11, 12) are designed adjustable in height.

3. cleaning machine (2) according to claim 1 or 2, dadu rch in that in the working direction (14) a surface suction funnel (11) for a pre-cleaning, in particular for the removal of bulky objects, with a first suppression (pO is acted upon and that in the working direction (14) behind the surface suction funnel (11) arranged deep suction funnel (12) for deep cleaning of

Ballast bed (3) with a relation to the first suppression (pO higher second negative pressure (p ₂ ) is applied.

4. cleaning machine (2) according to claim 3, dadu rch in that in a rail longitudinal direction (13) on both sides of the deep suction funnel (12) a surface suction funnel (11) is arranged.

5. cleaning machine (2) according to claim 3, dadu rch in that the surface suction funnel (11) and the deep-suction funnel (12) in particular

are arranged automatically interchangeable.

6. Cleaning machine (2) according to claim 1 or 2, dadu rch in that each suction funnel (11, 12) via switching either as a surface suction funnel (11) for a pre-cleaning, especially for the removal of bulky objects by means of a first suppression (pO or as a deep suction funnel (12) for Deep cleaning of the ballast bed (3) by means of one opposite the first

Suppressor (pi) higher second negative pressure (p ₂ ) is adjustable.

7. cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims claim 3 to 6, dadu rch in that the depth-suction funnel (Ί2) at least in the working direction (Ί4) of the machine (2) is arranged to be movable.

8. cleaning machine (2) according to claim 7, dadu rch in that the depth-suction funnel (Ί2) on a rail in the longitudinal direction (Ί3) movable support frame (2Ί) is mounted on the machine frame (6).

9. cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims 3 to 8, dadu rch

that the deep suction funnel (Ί2) at a lower end (24) has a circumferential skirt (3Ί) to minimize a gap between the depth suction funnel (Ί2) and the ballast bed (3) in a lowered state.

10. Cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims 3 to 9, dadu rch

in that a plurality of compressed-air nozzles (18) are arranged outside and / or inside the depth-suction funnel (12).

11. Cleaning machine (2) according to claim 10, dadu rch in that in the working direction (14) on a front side and / or on a back of the depth suction funnel (12) a pivot arm (30) is arranged, the compressed air nozzles (18) ,

12. cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims 3 to 11, dadu rch

in that the deep suction funnel (12) has a retention device (33) arranged on a mammal opening, which is designed in particular as a grid.

13. cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims 3 to 12, dadu rch

characterized in that the surface suction funnel (11) and / or the depth Suction funnels (Ί2) in several successively and / or juxtaposed Saugtrichtersegmente (23) are divided.

Ί4. Cleaning machine (2) according to claim 13, dadu rch in that at least one Saugtrichtersegment (23) is formed separately from other Saugtrichtersegmenten (23) adjustable in height.

Ί5. Cleaning machine (2) according to any one of claims Ί to 14, dadu rch

Characterized in that safety valves are arranged, which in the case of an inadmissibly high negative pressure in the suction ambient air from the outside in the

Initiate the intake tract.

16. A method for a track-traveling cleaning machine (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15, dadu rch characterized in that during a

Machine precedence by means of a suction funnel (11) superficial

Impurities are sucked in and that by means of the other Saugtrichters (12) during a temporary positioning over a threshold compartment (28), a deep cleaning of the ballast bed (3) is performed.

17. The method according to claim 16, dadu rch characterized in that on

Rail chassis (5) supported machine frame (6) together with a surface suction funnel (11) moves forward continuously and that in

Rail longitudinal direction (13) sliding depth suction funnel (12) cyclically with respect to the machine frame (6) is moved forward and backward.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, dadu rch characterized in that during a positioning of the depth-suction funnel (12) above a threshold compartment (28) on the depth-suction funnel (12) arranged compressed air nozzles (18) are activated.