EP2646622A1 - Method for constructing a railway track - Google Patents

Method for constructing a railway track

Info

Publication number
EP2646622A1
EP2646622A1 EP11802509.7A EP11802509A EP2646622A1 EP 2646622 A1 EP2646622 A1 EP 2646622A1 EP 11802509 A EP11802509 A EP 11802509A EP 2646622 A1 EP2646622 A1 EP 2646622A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
train
sleepers
track
laying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11802509.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emmanuel Mange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Europeenne de Travaux Ferroviaires ETF SA
Original Assignee
Europeenne de Travaux Ferroviaires ETF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Europeenne de Travaux Ferroviaires ETF SA filed Critical Europeenne de Travaux Ferroviaires ETF SA
Publication of EP2646622A1 publication Critical patent/EP2646622A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/06—Transporting, laying, removing or renewing sleepers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/05—Transporting, laying, removing, or renewing both rails and sleepers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/16—Transporting, laying, removing, or replacing rails; Moving rails placed on sleepers in the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/16—Transporting, laying, removing, or replacing rails; Moving rails placed on sleepers in the track
    • E01B29/17—Lengths of rails assembled into strings, e.g. welded together
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway construction method and a train specially adapted for the implementation of this method. It applies to the construction of a single lane line or a two lane line.
  • TGV is a very big site implementing specific equipment and a heavy and expensive infrastructure which represent a very high cost. It is important to optimize the use of these means to reduce costs.
  • provisional panels are manufactured in a rear base and are brought on site by a train that advances on the track as it is built; they consist of rails about 18 m long mounted on wooden sleepers or concrete and deposited on the platform with gantries mounted on tires or rail beams;
  • the invention proposes to optimize the method of construction of a railway. For this purpose, it proposes a method of constructing a railroad track on a platform, comprising the steps of:
  • the rail storage and laying train progresses on the track under construction.
  • a first portion of the first lane has already been built and the train is parked on this first portion.
  • This stage of the process consists, from the train storage cars, in extracting the two rails in the axis of the storage cars and in front of the train, so as to place them in the extension of the rails of the first portion of the train.
  • the train is equipped with the means, which will be described later, to carry out this extraction.
  • the sleepers may have been previously deposited on the platform at their substantially final location in said road under construction.
  • the final sleepers are placed in their final location, with the adjustments, before removing the rails, which is also an important advantage of the method.
  • the step of removing the sleepers comprises the following phases:
  • these machines can for example access the platform of the track under construction by lateral road access; the spacing of these deposits and the number of sleepers deposited are adapted so that these deposits are subsequently used by the laying machines sleepers without having to replenish between two deposits;
  • the construction machine is for example a shovel mechanical equipped with an articulated arm and a rudder
  • the conveyor is for example mounted on a road trailer
  • this removal uses a laying machine associated with the conveyor, mounted on tires and adapted to respect the standardized spacing of 60 cm between the sleepers.
  • the conveyor and the laying machine are coupled to the construction machine, which ensures the progress of the installation site.
  • the advantage of this process is that it involves primarily road vehicles, ie equipped with wheels tires. It contributes to the suppression of prefabricated panels and conveyor trains of these panels.
  • the step of moving said rail on the rails of the track under construction may comprise guiding said rail by a front end.
  • each rail In the step of extracting the rails intended to form a second portion of the first track, it is advantageous to guide each rail as it is extracted from the storage cars, for example using a machine works with a swivel arm and over-spaced wheels allowing it to span the sleepers on which the rail moves.
  • this machine does not exert traction on the rail: the force exerted on the rail for its movement does not pass through the wheels of the machine, which does not degrade the platform.
  • the method may comprise the step of:
  • rollers support riders on some of the sleepers. We will fix these riders at a distance from each other which allows the rail to move freely without rubbing the sleepers. The movement of the rail on these sleepers is thus facilitated.
  • the method may comprise the subsequent step of repositioning the tracks of the track under construction to their final location on the sleepers.
  • the two rails of the first track extracted from the train and deposited on the sleepers, they are repositioned at their final location on the sleepers using known gear and a method. It remains to assemble the rails of the second portion of track, which have just been laid, to the rails of the first portion already laid. The train can then progress on this second portion of track without waiting for ballasting.
  • the invention also provides a method of constructing a first and a second railway track, said first track being constructed by the method described above, the construction of the second track comprising the step of:
  • the train can advance on this path and remove the rails of the second path parallel to it.
  • the method may comprise the step of:
  • the rails are extracted from the storage cars towards the rear of the train and at an angle, ie in the axis of the storage cars and with a lateral component. They are guided to the sleepers of the second lane, to be placed near these sleepers.
  • the method may comprise the step of depositing on the platform sleepers at their substantially final location in said second channel.
  • the final ties of the second lane are laid in their final location, with the adjustments, before removing the rails, which is also an important advantage of the process.
  • the rails of the second path may be deposited on either side of said cross members of the second path.
  • the rails are deposited on both sides of the cross members to be repositioned later on these sleepers, but they could be deposited on the same side of the sleepers.
  • the rails When they are removed from the train and slide rail, the rails can be guided laterally to the second track, because the train then travels on the first track.
  • the train is provided with guide means which will be described below. For this we play on the elasticity of the long welded rails which are being laid.
  • the method may then include the step of repositioning the rails at their final location on the second rail sleepers using known apparatus and method.
  • the invention also relates to a method of constructing a first and a second track in which a first track portion and a second track portion can be alternately constructed using the same storage train and laying of rails progressing on a portion of the first track already built.
  • a portion of a first lane and then a portion of second lane are alternately constructed using the same train for storing and laying rails which progresses on the first lane under construction, and no longer in two separate operations. This method makes it possible to install a greater length of lane per day.
  • the invention also relates to a rail storage and laying train which may comprise, at its front end, means for extracting rail storage wagons, in the axis and in front of said train, at least a first rail in view of building a portion of lane.
  • the train conventionally comprises rail storage cars and one or more locomotives. At its front end, the train comprises means for grasping and extracting a rail from the storage cars in the extension of the train. These means therefore make it possible to "push" a rail at the front of the train when the train is at a standstill.
  • the means for extracting at least one first rail may comprise at least two pressure rollers adapted to press said first rail between two opposite faces and drive it by rotation of said rollers.
  • the rail is gripped by pressure rollers which exert sufficient pressure on the rail to extract storage cars by sliding the rail on the storage racks.
  • the train may also be extended, at its front end, by a support for said first rail having an inclined plane, so as to guide said first rail of the storage cars to the upper face of the sleepers on which it is deposited.
  • the support is for example a mechanically welded structure having an inclined upper face, the upper part being at the rail storage racks and the lower part slightly above the upper face of the rails. This structure makes it possible to guide the rail towards the upper face of the sleepers while respecting rail curvature standards in a vertical plane.
  • the structure can be equipped with wheels to allow it to be pushed by the train on the track under construction.
  • the rail storage and laying train may further comprise, at its rear end, means for transversely guiding at least one second rail extracted from said rail storage wagons, so as to guide said second rail towards the location. planned for a second way.
  • the train usually includes / the locomotives for the propulsion of the train and the cars with side-rails which comprise means of guiding the rails with a view to their extraction at an angle.
  • the transverse guide means may comprise at least one bracket fixed to said train of storage and laying of rails and projecting laterally of said train.
  • At least one bracket may have a leg with wheels tires, so as to roll on the platform as the train moves forward.
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C show a cross laying project respectively in elevation, seen from above and in perspective
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show a rail laying site on a first track respectively in elevation and seen from above, and an enlarged view of part of this construction site in perspective
  • FIGS. 2C and 2D show in perspective enlarged views of the rail laying site on a first track
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show a rail laying site on a second track respectively viewed from above and in perspective
  • FIG. 3C represents in perspective an enlarged view of a portion of the laying site of a second lane
  • Figure 4 schematically illustrates the alternative laying sequence of two-way rails according to the method.
  • the method of constructing a new railway line for example a TGV line, according to the invention comprises three major steps:
  • the first phase is to build on the platform 5 and along the two channels VI and V2 deposits 10 sleepers.
  • These deposits are made by road vehicles that access the platform 5 by road access, for example a side road access 4 existing or created at the site.
  • the sleepers are assembled and stacked so that they can be easily taken over by a suitable rudder bar.
  • the second phase consists in depositing on the platform two parallel ballast layers 11 and 12 approximately 5 to 8 cm thick, in the form of strips following the future rail wire.
  • the purpose of these ballast layers is to provide single-piece reinforced concrete sleepers (TBA) with a smooth surface; they are arranged so as to form two seats for each about 1/3 of the length of the sleepers from each end.
  • TAA single-piece reinforced concrete sleepers
  • These ballast layers are made by road truck (not shown).
  • the first and second phases can be reversed or even concomitant.
  • the median axis of the future path is materialized by a color line 13 which will be a guide for the installation of sleepers.
  • Figs 1A to 1C illustrate the third phase of the step of laying sleepers. It involves a conventional mechanical excavator 20 equipped with a spreader 21 at the end of its articulated arm. This excavator is coupled to a conveyor 30 mounted on a road trailer. The excavator 20 takes up the crosspieces of the deposits 10 thanks to its rudder 21 and deposits them at one end of the conveyor 30. A cross laying machine 40, called “laying", mounted on tires 41, is coupled to the other end of the conveyor 30. This laying machine takes the sleepers of the conveyor and deposits them respecting the travelage, that is to say their spacing, and squareness, ie their orientation. An indexing device (not shown) integral with the laying machine 40 constantly controls this travelage. The excavator 20, conveyor 30 and laying machine 40 progresses along the future path by locating on the line of color 13.
  • the result of this first major step is a laying of the final ties of the two channels VI and V2 to their final location thanks to gear 20, 30, 40 which are all road, that is to say without the intervention of a train.
  • FIGS 2A to 2D illustrate the second major step of the method according to the invention. It involves a train 50 for storing and laying rail and a road guiding machine 60.
  • This train 50 comprises, from its front end:
  • the train and the laying site progress in the direction illustrated by the arrow Fl on the first track VI under construction. It rolls on rails RI 1 and R21 of a portion of already laid track.
  • the forward end of train 50 is defined as the one facing the direction of the track to be built.
  • the rails to be laid are 400 m long "welded rails” (LRS) that can not be handled by conventional equipment and which are stored on the racks of the storage cars 51.
  • LRS welded rails
  • the longitudinal extraction car 52 is at the head of the train; it is preceded by a welded structure 54 mounted on wheels, which forms a ramp 55 for the rails being extracted.
  • This wagon 52 comprises pressure rollers (not shown) which are adapted to grip a rail RI 2 which will constitute a part of the first track VI and, thanks to a sufficient pressure exerted on two opposite sides of the rail, the "push" out of the wagon 52 in the axis of the train and in front of him, therefore in the extension of the first portion of already built track.
  • the rails can be placed outside their storage area by means of a cable with a rail clamp and a winch.
  • the rail RI 2 reaches the level of the upper face of the sleepers by sliding on the ramp 55 of the structure 54.
  • a guide gear 60 grasps the front end of the rail RI 2 and the guide progressing through the direction of the way to build.
  • roller jumpers (not shown) were previously clipped on some sleepers, outside the final location of the rails, the distance between them being sufficient to allow the rail to move freely without rubbing the sleepers.
  • the guiding machine 60 has two particularities: on the one hand the arm 61 is rotatably mounted on the frame so as to be able to grip and guide each of the rails, given their spacing, on the other hand the wheels 62 are out of reach for allow him to step over the sleepers.
  • the storage and laying train 50 is immobile on the portion of the first channel VI already built.
  • the operators start by placing the roller riders on the sleepers, the RI 2 rail is pushed out of the train 50, slides on the ramp 55 and rolls on the riders equipped with rollers installed on the sleepers, at the same time it is guided by the guide gear 60; the second rail R22 is in turn pushed out of the train and guided.
  • a conventional repositioning device (not shown) intervenes to put the rails at their final location on the sleepers (repositioning operation).
  • the extraction wagon 52 has two sets of pressure rollers enabling it to extract the two rails R12 and R22 simultaneously, and the arm 61 of the guiding machine 60 comprises a rudder allowing it to guide the two rails RI 2 and R22 simultaneously.
  • Figures 3A to 3C illustrate the third major step of the method according to the invention.
  • the rails R31 and R41 of this second path are already laid, and in this step, the train 50 simultaneously deposits the rails R32 and R42 of the second path V2 while progressing on the first path VI.
  • the train 50 comprises four flat cars 53 provided with brackets 56 and 57 overflow towards the future track V2.
  • the rails R32 and R42 are extracted from the train 50 at an angle towards the rear of the train; these gallows have the function of guiding them laterally off the train 50 to the platform 5 by acting on their elasticity.
  • they comprise roller openings 59 inside which the rails slide.
  • the gallows 56 are cantilevered on the wagons 53, the gallows 57, called “bicycles", are provided with tires wheels 58 to roll on the platform 5.
  • a sling is passed through the roller openings, and then the train moves backward enough to cover the previous discharge area.
  • the sling is held on the rails by means of rail clamps. Between two rails unloaded end to end, a short sling provided with two rail clamps can be used to secure them.
  • R32 and R42 rails are deposited on both sides of the second channel V2, but they could be deposited on the same side.
  • a conventional machine intervenes to reposition them at their final location on the sleepers. They are then attached to the sleepers and assembled to the rails R31 and R41 already laid. This phase of repositioning and assembly can take place later because the work train does not have an immediate need for this second channel V2. It may for example intervene in masked time, while the train 50 is returned to the rear base to replenish rails.
  • the placement of the rails of the second track directly on the sleepers at their final location can also be considered.
  • the method is repeated for laying the following rails R13 and R23 of the first track VI, then the rails R33 and R43 of the second way V2.
  • the rails of the first channel VI and the second channel V2 are placed offset longitudinally of the length of the storage and laying train.
  • the method is of course applicable to the construction of a first single path.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for constructing at least one railway track (V1, V2) on a platform (5), wherein the permanent crosspieces are placed at the substantially permanent site thereof essentially through the use of railway vehicles (20, 30, 40). Crosspiece deposits are pre-formed on the platform (5) and along at least one track to be constructed (V1, V2) by means of railway vehicles. The method also comprises the placement of rails on said crosspieces. The rails are pushed in front of a placement car for the first track (V1) and are deposited by sliding same out of a rail storage and placement train in a direction to the rear of the train and skewed in relation to the axis of the train for the second track (V2).

Description

PROCEDE DE CONSTRUCTION DE VOIE FERREE.  PROCESS FOR CONSTRUCTING RAILWAY.
L'invention concerne un procédé de construction de voie ferrée et un train spécialement adapté pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé. Elle s'applique à la construction d'une ligne à voie unique ou d'une ligne à deux voies. La construction d'une nouvelle voie ferrée, par exemple une ligne deThe invention relates to a railway construction method and a train specially adapted for the implementation of this method. It applies to the construction of a single lane line or a two lane line. The construction of a new railway line, for example a line of
TGV, est un très gros chantier mettant en oeuvre des équipements spécifiques et une infrastructure lourds et onéreux qui représentent un coût très élevé. Il est important d'optimiser l'emploi de ces moyens pour réduire les coûts. TGV, is a very big site implementing specific equipment and a heavy and expensive infrastructure which represent a very high cost. It is important to optimize the use of these means to reduce costs.
Après construction de la plateforme en granulat compacté sur laquelle reposeront les voies de la ligne à construire, l'état de l'art en la matière consiste à :  After construction of the compacted aggregate platform on which the tracks of the line to be built will rest, the state of the art in the field consists of:
- poser une première voie provisoire constituée de panneaux provisoires. Ces panneaux sont fabriqués dans une base arrière et sont apportés sur place par un train qui avance sur la voie au fur et à mesure de sa construction ; ils sont constitués de rails d'environ 18 m de long montés sur des traverses en bois ou en béton et déposés sur la plateforme grâce à des portiques montés sur pneus ou des poutres ferroviaires ;  - to lay a first temporary way constituted of provisional panels. These panels are manufactured in a rear base and are brought on site by a train that advances on the track as it is built; they consist of rails about 18 m long mounted on wooden sleepers or concrete and deposited on the platform with gantries mounted on tires or rail beams;
- déposer le long de cette première voie provisoire des longs rails soudés (LRS) définitifs ; - mettre en place un chantier de substitution des rails et/ou des panneaux provisoires, de façon à remplacer les rails et/ou les panneaux provisoires par le matériel définitif ; - deposit along this first temporary track permanent welded rails (LRS); - set up a replacement site for the rails and / or temporary panels, so as to replace the rails and / or temporary panels with the final material;
- à partir de la première voie ainsi construite, poser les traverses de la seconde voie ;  - from the first lane thus constructed, lay the sleepers of the second lane;
- toujours à partir de la première voie, poser les rails définitifs de la seconde voie sur les traverses ;  - always from the first lane, put the final rails of the second lane on the sleepers;
- ballaster.  - ballaster.
La construction d'une ligne à deux voies suivant cet état de l'art s'effectue donc en deux étapes différentes et décalées dans le temps. Elle nécessite la fabrication de panneaux provisoires en base arrière qui doivent être apportés sur le chantier à l'aide d'un train spécial.  The construction of a two-way line according to this state of the art is therefore carried out in two different stages and offset in time. It requires the manufacture of temporary panels in rear base that must be brought to the site using a special train.
La logistique d'un tel chantier est très lourde car quatre types de trains doivent circuler sur la voie en construction :  The logistics of such a site is very heavy because four types of trains must travel on the track under construction:
- les trains qui apportent les panneaux,  - the trains that bring the signs,
- les trains qui apportent les traverses définitives,  - the trains that bring the final sleepers,
- les trains de longs rails soudés,  - trains of welded long rails,
- les trains de ballast.  - ballast trains.
L'invention se propose d'optimiser le procédé de construction d'une voie ferrée. A cet effet, elle propose un procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer sur une plateforme, comportant les étapes consistant à :  The invention proposes to optimize the method of construction of a railway. For this purpose, it proposes a method of constructing a railroad track on a platform, comprising the steps of:
- extraire au moins un rail dans l'axe d'un train de stockage et de pose de rails et en avant de celui-ci, ledit train étant à l'arrêt sur une première portion déjà construite de ladite voie en construction, en utilisant des moyens d'extraction solidaires dudit train,  extracting at least one rail in the axis of a rail storage and laying train and in front of it, said train being stationary on a first portion already constructed of said track under construction, using extraction means integral with said train,
- déplacer longitudinal ement l'au moins un rail au moins indirectement sur des traverses de ladite voie en construction, de façon à construire une deuxième portion de ladite voie dans le prolongement de la première portion.  longitudinally displacing the at least one rail at least indirectly on crosspieces of said track under construction, so as to construct a second portion of said track in the extension of the first portion.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, le train de stockage et de pose de rails progresse sur la voie en cours de construction. Une première portion de la première voie a déjà été construite et le train stationne sur cette première portion. Cette étape du procédé consiste, à partir des wagons de stockage du train, à extraire les deux rails dans l'axe des wagons de stockage et en avant du train, de façon à les poser dans le prolongement des rails de la première portion de la première voie et à constituer la portion suivante, ou deuxième portion, de la première voie. Le train est doté des moyens, qui seront décrits plus loin, pour procéder à cette extraction. In the method according to the invention, the rail storage and laying train progresses on the track under construction. A first portion of the first lane has already been built and the train is parked on this first portion. This stage of the process consists, from the train storage cars, in extracting the two rails in the axis of the storage cars and in front of the train, so as to place them in the extension of the rails of the first portion of the train. first track and to constitute the next portion, or second portion, of the first track. The train is equipped with the means, which will be described later, to carry out this extraction.
Un avantage provient du fait que l'on n'utilise plus de panneaux préfabriqués en base arrière, les rails qui sont posés pour construire cette première voie sont les rails définitifs. Ceci procure des économies importantes de main d'oeuvre, car il n'est plus nécessaire de construire ces panneaux, en terme de logistique car cela supprime le train d'approvisionnement des panneaux, et en terme d'emprise car la base arrière sera plus petite.  One advantage comes from the fact that we no longer use prefabricated panels in rear base, the rails that are laid to build this first path are the final rails. This provides significant labor savings, because it is no longer necessary to build these panels, in terms of logistics because it removes the supply train panels, and in terms of footprint because the rear base will be more small.
Avantageusement, les traverses peuvent avoir été préalablement déposées sur la plateforme à leur emplacement sensiblement définitif dans ladite voie en construction.  Advantageously, the sleepers may have been previously deposited on the platform at their substantially final location in said road under construction.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, les traverses définitives sont posées à leur emplacement définitif, aux ajustements près, avant la dépose des rails, ce qui constitue également un avantage important du procédé. L'étape de dépose des traverses comporte les phases suivantes :  In the method according to the invention, the final sleepers are placed in their final location, with the adjustments, before removing the rails, which is also an important advantage of the method. The step of removing the sleepers comprises the following phases:
- constituer des dépôts de traverses sur la plateforme grâce à des engins routiers ; ces engins peuvent par exemple accéder à la plateforme de la voie en construction par des accès routiers latéraux ; l'écartement de ces dépôts et le nombre de traverses déposées sont adaptés pour que ces dépôts soient utilisés ultérieurement par les engins de pose de traverses sans avoir à réapprovisionner entre deux dépôts ;  - build sleepers on the platform using road equipment; these machines can for example access the platform of the track under construction by lateral road access; the spacing of these deposits and the number of sleepers deposited are adapted so that these deposits are subsequently used by the laying machines sleepers without having to replenish between two deposits;
- déposer sur la plateforme deux couches de ballast longitudinales par camion routier ;  - deposit on the platform two longitudinal ballast layers per road truck;
- reprise d'un stock de traverses par un engin de travaux routier et dépose de ce stock sur un convoyeur ; l'engin de travaux est par exemple une pelle mécanique munie d'un bras articulé et d'un palonnier ; le convoyeur est par exemple monté sur une remorque routière ; - recovery of a stock of sleepers by a road construction machine and deposit of this stock on a conveyor; the construction machine is for example a shovel mechanical equipped with an articulated arm and a rudder; the conveyor is for example mounted on a road trailer;
- dépose des traverses à leur emplacement définitif ; cette dépose utilise un engin de pose associé au convoyeur, monté sur pneus et adapté pour respecter l'écartement normalisé de 60 cm entre les traverses.  - removal of sleepers at their final location; this removal uses a laying machine associated with the conveyor, mounted on tires and adapted to respect the standardized spacing of 60 cm between the sleepers.
Le convoyeur et l'engin de pose sont attelés à l'engin de travaux, qui assure donc la progression du chantier de pose.  The conveyor and the laying machine are coupled to the construction machine, which ensures the progress of the installation site.
L'avantage de ce procédé est qu'il ne fait intervenir à titre principal que des engins routiers, c'est à dire munis de roues à pneus. Il contribue à la suppression des panneaux préfabriqués et des trains de convoyage de ces panneaux.  The advantage of this process is that it involves primarily road vehicles, ie equipped with wheels tires. It contributes to the suppression of prefabricated panels and conveyor trains of these panels.
Avantageusement, l'étape consistant à déplacer ledit rail sur les traverses de la voie en construction peut comporter le fait de guider ledit rail par une extrémité avant. Advantageously, the step of moving said rail on the rails of the track under construction may comprise guiding said rail by a front end.
Dans l'étape d'extraction des rails destinés à constituer une deuxième portion de la première voie, il est avantageux de guider chaque rail au fur et à mesure de son extraction des wagons de stockage, par exemple à l'aide d'un engin de travaux doté d'un bras pivotant et de roues sur-écartées lui permettant d'enjamber les traverses sur lesquelles le rail se déplace.  In the step of extracting the rails intended to form a second portion of the first track, it is advantageous to guide each rail as it is extracted from the storage cars, for example using a machine works with a swivel arm and over-spaced wheels allowing it to span the sleepers on which the rail moves.
Il est à noter que cet engin n'exerce pas d'effort de traction sur le rail : l'effort exercé sur le rail pour son déplacement ne passe pas par les roues de l'engin, qui ainsi ne dégrade pas la plateforme.  It should be noted that this machine does not exert traction on the rail: the force exerted on the rail for its movement does not pass through the wheels of the machine, which does not degrade the platform.
Avantageusement, le procédé peut comporter l'étape consistant à :  Advantageously, the method may comprise the step of:
- fixer des moyens de roulement sur des traverses de la voie en construction, - déplacer ledit rail sur lesdits moyens de roulement. fixing bearing means on sleepers of the track under construction, moving said rail on said rolling means.
Il est avantageux de réduire le frottement du rail sur les traverses sur lesquelles il est déplacé. A cet effet, on aura fixé au préalable des moyens de roulement, par exemple des cavaliers support de rouleaux, sur certaines des traverses. On fixera ces cavaliers à une distance l'un de l'autre qui permette au rail de se déplacer librement sans frotter les traverses. Le déplacement du rail sur ces traverses est ainsi facilité. It is advantageous to reduce the friction of the rail on the sleepers on which it is moved. To this end, it has previously fixed rolling means, for example rollers support riders on some of the sleepers. We will fix these riders at a distance from each other which allows the rail to move freely without rubbing the sleepers. The movement of the rail on these sleepers is thus facilitated.
Avantageusement, le procédé peut comporter l'étape ultérieure consistant à repositionner les rails de la voie en construction à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses.  Advantageously, the method may comprise the subsequent step of repositioning the tracks of the track under construction to their final location on the sleepers.
Une fois les deux rails de la première voie extraits du train et déposés sur les traverses, ceux-ci sont repositionnés à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses en utilisant des engins et un procédé connus. Il reste à assembler les rails de la deuxième portion de voie, qui viennent d'être posés, aux rails de la première portion déjà posée. Le train peut alors progresser sur cette deuxième portion de voie sans attendre le ballastage.  Once the two rails of the first track extracted from the train and deposited on the sleepers, they are repositioned at their final location on the sleepers using known gear and a method. It remains to assemble the rails of the second portion of track, which have just been laid, to the rails of the first portion already laid. The train can then progress on this second portion of track without waiting for ballasting.
L'invention propose également un procédé de construction d'une première et d'une seconde voie de chemin de fer, ladite première voie étant construite par le procédé décrit plus haut, la construction de la seconde voie comportant l'étape consistant à : The invention also provides a method of constructing a first and a second railway track, said first track being constructed by the method described above, the construction of the second track comprising the step of:
- déposer sur une plateforme de ladite seconde voie au moins un rail sensiblement parallèle à la direction de ladite première voie de façon à construire une portion de seconde voie parallèle à la première voie, l'au moins un rail étant déposé à partir d'un train de stockage et de pose de rails progressant sur ladite première voie.  depositing on a platform of said second track at least one rail substantially parallel to the direction of said first track so as to construct a portion of second track parallel to the first track, the at least one rail being deposited from a train of storage and laying of rails progressing on said first track.
Une fois construite la première voie grâce au procédé précédent, le train peut avancer sur cette voie et déposer les rails de la seconde voie qui lui est parallèle.  Once built the first way through the previous process, the train can advance on this path and remove the rails of the second path parallel to it.
Avantageusement, le procédé peut comporter l'étape consistant à :  Advantageously, the method may comprise the step of:
- faire avancer le train de stockage et de pose de rails sur ladite première voie, et  advancing the train storage and laying train on said first track, and
- déposer sur la plateforme de la seconde voie au moins un rail à proximité de l'emplacement prévu pour la seconde voie par glissement dudit rail hors du train de stockage et de pose de rails selon une direction vers l'arrière du train et en biais par rapport à l'axe du train. Lors de l'avancée du train sur la première voie, les rails sont extraits des wagons de stockage vers l'arrière du train et en biais, c'est à dire dans l'axe des wagons de stockage et avec une composante latérale. Ils sont guidés vers les traverses de la seconde voie, pour être déposés à proximité de ces traverses. - depositing on the platform of the second lane at least one rail near the location provided for the second lane by sliding said rail out of the storage train and laying rails in a direction towards the rear of the train and at an angle relative to the axis of the train. During the advance of the train on the first track, the rails are extracted from the storage cars towards the rear of the train and at an angle, ie in the axis of the storage cars and with a lateral component. They are guided to the sleepers of the second lane, to be placed near these sleepers.
Avantageusement, le procédé peut comporter l'étape consistant à déposer sur la plateforme des traverses à leur emplacement sensiblement définitif dans ladite seconde voie.  Advantageously, the method may comprise the step of depositing on the platform sleepers at their substantially final location in said second channel.
Comme pour la construction de la première voie, les traverses définitives de la seconde voie sont posées à leur emplacement définitif, aux ajustements près, avant la dépose des rails, ce qui constitue également un avantage important du procédé.  As for the construction of the first lane, the final ties of the second lane are laid in their final location, with the adjustments, before removing the rails, which is also an important advantage of the process.
Avantageusement, les rails de la seconde voie peuvent être déposés de part et d'autres desdites traverses de la seconde voie.  Advantageously, the rails of the second path may be deposited on either side of said cross members of the second path.
Les rails sont déposés de part et d'autre des traverses pour pouvoir être repositionnés ultérieurement sur ces traverses, mais ils pourraient être déposés du même côté des traverses.  The rails are deposited on both sides of the cross members to be repositioned later on these sleepers, but they could be deposited on the same side of the sleepers.
Lors de leur extraction hors du train de stockage et de pose de rails par glissement, les rails peuvent être guidés latéralement pour les déporter vers la seconde voie, car le train circule alors sur la première voie. Le train est doté à cet effet de moyens de guidage qui seront décrits plus bas. On joue pour cela sur l'élasticité des longs rails soudés qui sont en cours de pose.  When they are removed from the train and slide rail, the rails can be guided laterally to the second track, because the train then travels on the first track. For this purpose, the train is provided with guide means which will be described below. For this we play on the elasticity of the long welded rails which are being laid.
Le procédé peut ensuite comporter l'étape consistant à repositionner les rails à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses de la seconde voie en utilisant des engins et un procédé connus.  The method may then include the step of repositioning the rails at their final location on the second rail sleepers using known apparatus and method.
L'invention porte également sur un procédé de construction d'une première et d'une seconde voie ferrée dans lequel on peut construire alternativement une portion de première voie, puis une portion de seconde voie, à l'aide du même train de stockage et de pose de rails progressant sur une portion de première voie déjà construite. Dans le procédé selon l'invention, on construit alternativement une portion de première voie puis une portion de seconde voie, à l'aide du même train de stockage et de pose de rails qui progresse sur la première voie en construction, et non plus en deux opérations distinctes. Ce procédé permet de poser une plus grande longueur de voie par jour. The invention also relates to a method of constructing a first and a second track in which a first track portion and a second track portion can be alternately constructed using the same storage train and laying of rails progressing on a portion of the first track already built. In the method according to the invention, a portion of a first lane and then a portion of second lane are alternately constructed using the same train for storing and laying rails which progresses on the first lane under construction, and no longer in two separate operations. This method makes it possible to install a greater length of lane per day.
L'invention porte également sur un train de stockage et de pose de rails pouvant comporter, à son extrémité avant, des moyens pour extraire des wagons de stockage de rails, dans l'axe et en avant dudit train, au moins un premier rail en vue de construire une portion de voie. The invention also relates to a rail storage and laying train which may comprise, at its front end, means for extracting rail storage wagons, in the axis and in front of said train, at least a first rail in view of building a portion of lane.
Le train comporte classiquement des wagons de stockage de rails et une ou plusieurs locomotives. A son extrémité avant, le train comporte des moyens pour saisir et extraire un rail des wagons de stockage dans le prolongement du train. Ces moyens permettent donc de « pousser » un rail à l'avant du train quand le train est à 1 ' arrêt.  The train conventionally comprises rail storage cars and one or more locomotives. At its front end, the train comprises means for grasping and extracting a rail from the storage cars in the extension of the train. These means therefore make it possible to "push" a rail at the front of the train when the train is at a standstill.
Avantageusement, les moyens pour extraire au moins un premier rail peuvent comporter au moins deux rouleaux presseurs adaptés pour presser ledit premier rail entre deux faces opposées et l'entraîner par rotation desdits rouleaux.  Advantageously, the means for extracting at least one first rail may comprise at least two pressure rollers adapted to press said first rail between two opposite faces and drive it by rotation of said rollers.
A l'extrémité avant du train, le rail est saisi par des rouleaux presseurs qui exercent une pression suffisante sur le rail pour l'extraire des wagons de stockage par glissement du rail sur les racks de stockage.  At the front end of the train, the rail is gripped by pressure rollers which exert sufficient pressure on the rail to extract storage cars by sliding the rail on the storage racks.
Avantageusement, le train peut en outre être prolongé, à son extrémité avant, par un support pour ledit premier rail comportant un plan incliné, de façon à guider ledit premier rail des wagons de stockage vers la face supérieure des traverses sur lesquelles il est déposé.  Advantageously, the train may also be extended, at its front end, by a support for said first rail having an inclined plane, so as to guide said first rail of the storage cars to the upper face of the sleepers on which it is deposited.
Le support est par exemple une structure mécano soudée comportant une face supérieure inclinée, la partie haute étant au niveau des racks de stockage des rails et la partie basse légèrement au dessus de la face supérieure des traverses. Cette structure permet de guider le rail vers la face supérieure des traverses tout en respectant les normes en matière de courbure de rail dans un plan vertical. The support is for example a mechanically welded structure having an inclined upper face, the upper part being at the rail storage racks and the lower part slightly above the upper face of the rails. This structure makes it possible to guide the rail towards the upper face of the sleepers while respecting rail curvature standards in a vertical plane.
La structure peut être dotée de roues pour lui permettre d'être poussée par le train sur la voie en construction.  The structure can be equipped with wheels to allow it to be pushed by the train on the track under construction.
Avantageusement, le train de stockage et de pose de rails peut comporter en outre, à son extrémité arrière, des moyens pour guider transversalement au moins un deuxième rail extrait desdits wagons de stockage de rails, de façon à guider ledit deuxième rail vers l'emplacement prévu pour une seconde voie.  Advantageously, the rail storage and laying train may further comprise, at its rear end, means for transversely guiding at least one second rail extracted from said rail storage wagons, so as to guide said second rail towards the location. planned for a second way.
A son extrémité arrière, le train comporte habituellement la/les locomotives pour la propulsion du train et des wagons à ridelles qui comportent des moyens de guidage des rails en vue de leur extraction en biais.  At its rear end, the train usually includes / the locomotives for the propulsion of the train and the cars with side-rails which comprise means of guiding the rails with a view to their extraction at an angle.
Avantageusement, les moyens de guidage transversal peuvent comporter au moins une potence fixé audit train de stockage et de pose de rails et débordant latéralement dudit train.  Advantageously, the transverse guide means may comprise at least one bracket fixed to said train of storage and laying of rails and projecting laterally of said train.
Ces potences ont pour fonction de guider transversalement et vers le sol les rails qui sont extraits du train en biais. Ils permettent de respecter les normes en matière de courbure de rail dans les plans vertical et horizontal.  These gallows have the function of guiding transversely and to the ground rails that are extracted from the train at an angle. They make it possible to comply with the standards for rail curvature in the vertical and horizontal planes.
Avantageusement, au moins une potence peut comporter une jambe dotée de roues à pneus, de façon à rouler sur la plateforme au fur et à mesure que le train avance.  Advantageously, at least one bracket may have a leg with wheels tires, so as to roll on the platform as the train moves forward.
Des modes de réalisation et des variantes seront décrits ci-après, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, avec référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : Les figures 1A, 1B et 1C représentent un chantier de pose de traverses respectivement en élévation, vu de dessus et en perspective, Embodiments and variants will be described hereinafter, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C show a cross laying project respectively in elevation, seen from above and in perspective,
Les figures 2A et 2B représentent un chantier de pose de rails sur une première voie respectivement en élévation et vu de dessus, et une vue élargie d'une partie de ce chantier en perspective, Les figures 2C et 2D représentent en perspective des vues élargies du chantier de pose de rails sur une première voie, Les figures 3A et 3B représentent un chantier de pose de rails sur une seconde voie respectivement vu de dessus et en perspective, FIGS. 2A and 2B show a rail laying site on a first track respectively in elevation and seen from above, and an enlarged view of part of this construction site in perspective, FIGS. 2C and 2D show in perspective enlarged views of the rail laying site on a first track. FIGS. 3A and 3B show a rail laying site on a second track respectively viewed from above and in perspective,
La figure 3C représente en perspective une vue élargie d'une portion du chantier de pose d'une seconde voie, FIG. 3C represents in perspective an enlarged view of a portion of the laying site of a second lane,
La figure 4 illustre schématiquement la séquence de pose alternative des rails de deux voies selon le procédé. Figure 4 schematically illustrates the alternative laying sequence of two-way rails according to the method.
Le procédé de construction d'une nouvelle ligne ferrée, par exemple une ligne de TGV, selon l'invention comporte trois grandes étapes : The method of constructing a new railway line, for example a TGV line, according to the invention comprises three major steps:
- pose des traverses des deux voies, à l'aide d'engins routiers,  - laying crossties of both tracks, using road vehicles,
- pose des rails de la première voie, à l'aide d'un train qui progresse sur cette première voie,  - laying rails of the first lane, using a train that progresses on this first lane,
- pose des rails de la seconde voie, à l'aide du même train progressant sur la première voie.  - laying rails of the second track, using the same train progressing on the first track.
Dans la première grande étape, la première phase consiste à constituer sur la plateforme 5 et le long des deux voies VI et V2 des dépôts 10 de traverses. Ces dépôts sont effectués par des engins routiers qui accèdent à la plateforme 5 par des accès routiers, par exemple un accès routier latéral 4 existant ou créé à l'occasion du chantier. Ces dépôts 10 sont caractérisés par leur écartement D le long des voies et la quantité de traverses qu'ils contiennent. Sachant que les traverses une fois posées sont distantes de 60 cm, un dépôt prévu pour construire une longueur D de voie doit comporter N = D/0,6 traverses. De cette façon, l'engin qui pose ensuite les traverses n'a pas besoin de se réapprovisionner entre deux dépôts. Dans les dépôts 10, les traverses sont assemblées et gerbées de façon à pouvoir être reprises facilement pas un palonnier adapté. In the first major step, the first phase is to build on the platform 5 and along the two channels VI and V2 deposits 10 sleepers. These deposits are made by road vehicles that access the platform 5 by road access, for example a side road access 4 existing or created at the site. These deposits 10 are characterized by their spacing D along the tracks and the amount of sleepers they contain. Knowing that the sleepers once laid are 60 cm apart, a deposit designed to build a length D of track must have N = D / 0.6 sleepers. In this way, the machine that poses the sleepers does not need to restock between two deposits. In the deposits 10, the sleepers are assembled and stacked so that they can be easily taken over by a suitable rudder bar.
La deuxième phase consiste à déposer sur la plateforme deux couches de ballast parallèles 11 et 12 d'environ 5 à 8 cm d'épaisseur, sous la forme de bandes suivant le futur fil de rail. Ces couches de ballast ont pour objet de procurer aux traverses en béton armé monobloc (TBA) une assise sans aspérité ; elles sont disposées de façon à constituer deux assises pour environ chacune 1/3 de la longueur des traverses en partant de chaque extrémité. Ces couches de ballast sont réalisées par camion routier (non représenté).  The second phase consists in depositing on the platform two parallel ballast layers 11 and 12 approximately 5 to 8 cm thick, in the form of strips following the future rail wire. The purpose of these ballast layers is to provide single-piece reinforced concrete sleepers (TBA) with a smooth surface; they are arranged so as to form two seats for each about 1/3 of the length of the sleepers from each end. These ballast layers are made by road truck (not shown).
Les première et deuxième phases peuvent être interverties ou même concomitantes.  The first and second phases can be reversed or even concomitant.
A l'occasion de la première ou deuxième phase, l'axe médian de la future voie est matérialisé par une ligne de couleur 13 qui constituera un guide pour la mise en place des traverses.  On the occasion of the first or second phase, the median axis of the future path is materialized by a color line 13 which will be a guide for the installation of sleepers.
Les figues 1A à 1C illustrent la troisième phase de l'étape de pose des traverses. Elle fait intervenir une pelle mécanique classique 20 équipée d'un palonnier 21 au bout de son bras articulé. Cette pelle mécanique est attelée à un convoyeur 30 monté sur une remorque routière. La pelle mécanique 20 reprend les traverses des dépôts 10 grâce à son palonnier 21 et les dépose à une extrémité du convoyeur 30. Un engin de pose de traverses 40, appelé « pondeuse », monté sur pneus 41, est attelé à l'autre extrémité du convoyeur 30. Cet engin de pose reprend les traverses du convoyeur et les dépose en respectant le travelage, c'est à dire leur écartement, et l'équerrage, c'est à dire leur orientation. Un dispositif d'indexage (non représenté) solidaire de l'engin de pose 40 contrôle en permanence ce travelage. L'ensemble pelle mécanique 20, convoyeur 30 et engin de pose 40 progresse le long de la future voie en se repérant sur la ligne de couleur 13.  Figs 1A to 1C illustrate the third phase of the step of laying sleepers. It involves a conventional mechanical excavator 20 equipped with a spreader 21 at the end of its articulated arm. This excavator is coupled to a conveyor 30 mounted on a road trailer. The excavator 20 takes up the crosspieces of the deposits 10 thanks to its rudder 21 and deposits them at one end of the conveyor 30. A cross laying machine 40, called "laying", mounted on tires 41, is coupled to the other end of the conveyor 30. This laying machine takes the sleepers of the conveyor and deposits them respecting the travelage, that is to say their spacing, and squareness, ie their orientation. An indexing device (not shown) integral with the laying machine 40 constantly controls this travelage. The excavator 20, conveyor 30 and laying machine 40 progresses along the future path by locating on the line of color 13.
Le résultat de cette première grande étape est une pose des traverses définitives des deux voies VI et V2 à leur emplacement définitif grâce à des engins 20, 30, 40 qui sont tous routiers, c'est à dire sans l'intervention d'un train. The result of this first major step is a laying of the final ties of the two channels VI and V2 to their final location thanks to gear 20, 30, 40 which are all road, that is to say without the intervention of a train.
Les figures 2A à 2D illustrent la deuxième grande étape du procédé selon l'invention. Elle fait intervenir un train 50 de stockage et de pose de rail et un engin routier de guidage 60. Ce train 50 comporte, à partir de son extrémité avant : Figures 2A to 2D illustrate the second major step of the method according to the invention. It involves a train 50 for storing and laying rail and a road guiding machine 60. This train 50 comprises, from its front end:
- un wagon d'extraction longitudinale 52,  a longitudinal extraction car 52,
- des wagons de stockage de rails 51,  rail storage wagons 51,
- des wagons d'extraction des rails en biais 53,  - wagons for extracting rails at an angle 53,
- un ou deux locomotives Ll, L2.  one or two locomotives L1, L2.
Le train et le chantier de pose progressent dans la direction illustrée par la flèche Fl sur la première voie VI en construction. Il roule sur les rails RI 1 et R21 d'une portion de voie déjà posée. L'extrémité avant de train 50 est définie comme celle qui fait face à la direction de la voie à construire.  The train and the laying site progress in the direction illustrated by the arrow Fl on the first track VI under construction. It rolls on rails RI 1 and R21 of a portion of already laid track. The forward end of train 50 is defined as the one facing the direction of the track to be built.
Les rails à poser sont des « longs rails soudés » (LRS) de 400 m qui ne sont pas manipulables par des engins classiques et qui sont stockés sur les racks des wagons de stockage 51.  The rails to be laid are 400 m long "welded rails" (LRS) that can not be handled by conventional equipment and which are stored on the racks of the storage cars 51.
Le wagon d'extraction longitudinale 52 se trouve en tête du train ; il est précédé par une structure mécano soudée 54 montée sur roues ferrées, qui forme une rampe 55 pour les rails en cours d'extraction. Ce wagon 52 comporte des rouleaux presseurs (non représentés) qui sont adaptés pour saisir un rail RI 2 qui constituera une partie de la première voie VI et, grâce à une pression suffisante exercée sur deux faces opposées du rail, le « pousser » hors du wagon 52 dans l'axe du train et devant lui, par conséquent dans le prolongement de la première portion de voie déjà construite. La mise en place des rails hors de leur zone de stockage peut s'effectuer à l'aide d'un câble muni d'une pince à rail et d'un treuil.  The longitudinal extraction car 52 is at the head of the train; it is preceded by a welded structure 54 mounted on wheels, which forms a ramp 55 for the rails being extracted. This wagon 52 comprises pressure rollers (not shown) which are adapted to grip a rail RI 2 which will constitute a part of the first track VI and, thanks to a sufficient pressure exerted on two opposite sides of the rail, the "push" out of the wagon 52 in the axis of the train and in front of him, therefore in the extension of the first portion of already built track. The rails can be placed outside their storage area by means of a cable with a rail clamp and a winch.
Grâce à son élasticité, le rail RI 2 rejoint le niveau de la face supérieure des traverses en glissant sur la rampe 55 de la structure 54. Un engin de guidage 60 saisit l'extrémité avant du rail RI 2 et le guide en progressant dans la direction de la voie à construire. Pour réduire le frottement des rails sur les traverses, des cavaliers à rouleaux (non représentés) ont été au préalable clipsés sur certaines traverses, en dehors de l'emplacement définitif des rails, la distance les séparant étant suffisante pour permettre au rail de se déplacer librement sans frotter les traverses. Thanks to its elasticity, the rail RI 2 reaches the level of the upper face of the sleepers by sliding on the ramp 55 of the structure 54. A guide gear 60 grasps the front end of the rail RI 2 and the guide progressing through the direction of the way to build. To reduce the friction of the rails on the sleepers, roller jumpers (not shown) were previously clipped on some sleepers, outside the final location of the rails, the distance between them being sufficient to allow the rail to move freely without rubbing the sleepers.
L'engin de guidage 60 présente deux particularités : d'une part le bras 61 est monté rotatif sur le châssis de façon à pouvoir saisir et guider chacun des rails, compte tenu de leur écartement, d'autre part les roues 62 sont surécartées pour lui permettre d'enjamber les traverses.  The guiding machine 60 has two particularities: on the one hand the arm 61 is rotatably mounted on the frame so as to be able to grip and guide each of the rails, given their spacing, on the other hand the wheels 62 are out of reach for allow him to step over the sleepers.
Dans cette deuxième grande étape, le train de stockage et de pose 50 est immobile sur la portion de première voie VI déjà construite. Les opérateurs commencent par poser les cavaliers à rouleaux sur les traverses, le rail RI 2 est poussé hors du train 50, glisse sur la rampe 55 puis roule sur les cavaliers munis de rouleaux installés sur les traverses, en même temps qu'il est guidé par l'engin de guidage 60 ; le second rail R22 est à son tour poussé hors du train et guidé. Lorsque les deux rails R12, R22 sont totalement extraits du train 50 et posés sur les traverses, un engin de repositionnement classique (non représenté) intervient pour poser les rails à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses (opération de repositionnement). Une fois les rails à leur emplacement définitif, les opérateurs récupèrent les cavaliers à rouleaux et les stockent dans des caisses 63 prévues à cet effet sur l'engin de guidage 60. Les rails R12, R22 sont ensuite fixés aux traverses et assemblés aux rails correspondants de la portion de voie VI déjà construite. On a ainsi construit une longueur supplémentaire de la première voie VI correspondant à la longueur d'un LRS, sur laquelle le train 50 peut progresser.  In this second major step, the storage and laying train 50 is immobile on the portion of the first channel VI already built. The operators start by placing the roller riders on the sleepers, the RI 2 rail is pushed out of the train 50, slides on the ramp 55 and rolls on the riders equipped with rollers installed on the sleepers, at the same time it is guided by the guide gear 60; the second rail R22 is in turn pushed out of the train and guided. When the two rails R12, R22 are completely extracted from the train 50 and placed on the sleepers, a conventional repositioning device (not shown) intervenes to put the rails at their final location on the sleepers (repositioning operation). Once the rails at their final location, the operators recover the roller riders and store them in boxes 63 provided for this purpose on the guide gear 60. The rails R12, R22 are then attached to the rails and assembled to the corresponding rails. of the portion of track VI already built. Thus, an additional length of the first channel VI corresponding to the length of an LRS has been constructed, on which the train 50 can progress.
Dans une variante améliorée, le wagon d'extraction 52 dispose de deux jeux de rouleaux presseurs lui permettant d'extraire les deux rails R12 et R22 simultanément, et le bras 61 de l'engin de guidage 60 comporte un palonnier lui permettant de guider les deux rails RI 2 et R22 simultanément. Les figures 3 A à 3C illustrent la troisième grande étape du procédé selon l'invention. Les rails R31 et R41 de cette seconde voie sont déjà posés, et dans cette étape, le train 50 dépose simultanément les rails R32 et R42 de la seconde voie V2 en progressant sur la première voie VI. In an improved variant, the extraction wagon 52 has two sets of pressure rollers enabling it to extract the two rails R12 and R22 simultaneously, and the arm 61 of the guiding machine 60 comprises a rudder allowing it to guide the two rails RI 2 and R22 simultaneously. Figures 3A to 3C illustrate the third major step of the method according to the invention. The rails R31 and R41 of this second path are already laid, and in this step, the train 50 simultaneously deposits the rails R32 and R42 of the second path V2 while progressing on the first path VI.
A son extrémité arrière, le train 50 comporte quatre wagons plats 53 munis de potences 56 et 57 en débord en direction de la future voie V2. Les rails R32 et R42 sont extraits du train 50 en biais en direction de l'arrière du train ; ces potences ont pour fonction de les guider latéralement hors du train 50 vers la plateforme 5 en jouant sur leur élasticité. A cet effet, elles comportent des ouvertures à galets 59 à l'intérieur desquels les rails coulissent. Les potences 56 sont en porte à faux sur les wagons 53, les potences 57, appelées « bicyclettes », sont munies de roues à pneus 58 pour rouler sur la plateforme 5.  At its rear end, the train 50 comprises four flat cars 53 provided with brackets 56 and 57 overflow towards the future track V2. The rails R32 and R42 are extracted from the train 50 at an angle towards the rear of the train; these gallows have the function of guiding them laterally off the train 50 to the platform 5 by acting on their elasticity. For this purpose, they comprise roller openings 59 inside which the rails slide. The gallows 56 are cantilevered on the wagons 53, the gallows 57, called "bicycles", are provided with tires wheels 58 to roll on the platform 5.
Pour extraire les rails de leur stockage, on fait passer une élingue dans les ouvertures à galets, puis le train recule suffisamment afin de recouvrir la zone de décharge précédente. L' élingue est maintenue sur les rails au moyen de pinces à rail. Entre deux rails déchargés bout à bout, une élingue courte munie de deux pinces à rail peut permettre de les solidariser.  To extract the rails from their storage, a sling is passed through the roller openings, and then the train moves backward enough to cover the previous discharge area. The sling is held on the rails by means of rail clamps. Between two rails unloaded end to end, a short sling provided with two rail clamps can be used to secure them.
Les rails R32 et R42 sont déposés de part et d'autre des traverses de la seconde voie V2, mais ils pourraient être déposés du même côté. Une fois leur dépose terminée, un engin classique intervient pour les repositionner à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses. Ils sont ensuite fixés aux traverses et assemblés aux rails R31 et R41 déjà posés. Cette phase de repositionnement et d'assemblage peut intervenir ultérieurement car le train de travaux n'a pas un besoin immédiat de cette seconde voie V2. Elle peut par exemple intervenir en temps masqué, alors que le train 50 est retourné en base arrière pour se réapprovisionner en rails. La mise en place des rails de la seconde voie directement sur les traverses à leur emplacement définitif peut être également envisagée.  R32 and R42 rails are deposited on both sides of the second channel V2, but they could be deposited on the same side. Once their removal is complete, a conventional machine intervenes to reposition them at their final location on the sleepers. They are then attached to the sleepers and assembled to the rails R31 and R41 already laid. This phase of repositioning and assembly can take place later because the work train does not have an immediate need for this second channel V2. It may for example intervene in masked time, while the train 50 is returned to the rear base to replenish rails. The placement of the rails of the second track directly on the sleepers at their final location can also be considered.
Comme illustré en figure 4, le procédé est répété pour poser les rails suivants R13 et R23 de la première voie VI, puis les rails R33 et R43 de la seconde voie V2. Les rails de la première voie VI et de la seconde voie V2 sont posés décalés longitudinalement de la longueur de train de stockage et de pose. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the method is repeated for laying the following rails R13 and R23 of the first track VI, then the rails R33 and R43 of the second way V2. The rails of the first channel VI and the second channel V2 are placed offset longitudinally of the length of the storage and laying train.
Le procédé est bien sûr applicable à la construction d'une première voie unique.  The method is of course applicable to the construction of a first single path.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de construction d'au moins une voie de chemin de fer (VI, V2) sur une plateforme (5), A method of constructing at least one railway track (VI, V2) on a platform (5),
caractérisé en ce que les traverses définitives sont posées à leur emplacement sensiblement définitif et essentiellement par des engins routiers (20, 30, 40). characterized in that the final sleepers are set at their substantially final location and essentially by road vehicles (20, 30, 40).
2. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 1, 2. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 1,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte l'étape suivante : characterized in that it comprises the following step:
- matérialiser l'axe médian de la future voie par une ligne de couleur (13) de façon à constituer un guide pour la mise en place des traverses.  - Materialize the median axis of the future path by a line of color (13) so as to be a guide for the establishment of sleepers.
3. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 1 ou 2, 3. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 1 or 2,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre l'étape suivante : characterized in that it further comprises the following step:
- constituer des dépôts (10) de traverses sur la plateforme (5) et le long de l'au moins une voie à construire (VI, V2) grâce à des engins routiers.  - Deposits (10) sleepers on the platform (5) and along the at least one way to build (VI, V2) with road vehicles.
4. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, 4. A method of constructing a railway track according to one of claims 1 to 3,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre l'étape suivante : characterized in that it further comprises the following step:
- déposer sur la plateforme (5), par camion routier, deux couches de ballast longitudinales (11, 12), sous la forme de bandes parallèles suivant le futur fil de rail. - Deposit on the platform (5), by road truck, two layers of longitudinal ballast (11, 12), in the form of parallel strips following the future rail wire.
5. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 3 ou 4, 5. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 3 or 4,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre l'étape suivante : - reprise des traverses desdits dépôts (10) par un engin de travaux routier (20) et dépose de ces traverses à une extrémité d'un convoyeur (30) monté sur une remorque routière. characterized in that it further comprises the following step: - Resuming the sleepers of said deposits (10) by a road construction machine (20) and removing these sleepers at one end of a conveyor (30) mounted on a road trailer.
6. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 5, 6. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 5,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre l'étape suivante : characterized in that it further comprises the following step:
- reprise et dépose desdites traverses à leur emplacement sensiblement définitif en respectant le travelage et l'équerrage en utilisant un engin de pose de traverses (40) monté sur pneus attelé à l'autre extrémité dudit convoyeur (30).  - Resumption and removal of said sleepers at their substantially final location respecting the travelage and squaring using a tire laying machine (40) mounted on tires coupled to the other end of said conveyor (30).
7. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 6, 7. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 6,
caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif d'indexage solidaire dudit engin de pose de traverses (40) contrôle en permanence ledit travelage. characterized in that an indexing device integral with said laying machine sleepers (40) continuously controls said travel.
8. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon l'une des revendications précédentes, 8. A method of constructing a railway track according to one of the preceding claims,
caractérisé en ce que lesdits engins routiers (20, 30, 40) accèdent à la plateforme de la voie en construction par des accès routiers latéraux (4) existants ou créés à l'occasion du chantier. characterized in that said road vehicles (20, 30, 40) access the platform of the track under construction by side road accesses (4) existing or created at the site.
9. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon la revendication 6 à 8, 9. A method of constructing a railway track according to claim 6 to 8,
caractérisé en ce que ledit convoyeur (30) et ledit engin de pose de traverses (40) sont attelés audit engin de travaux (20), qui assure la progression du chantier de pose. characterized in that said conveyor (30) and said laying machine sleepers (40) are coupled to said work machine (20), which ensures the progress of the laying site.
10. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit engin de travaux est une pelle mécanique (20) munie d'un bras articulé et d'un palonnier (21). 10. A method of constructing a railway track according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that said work machine is a mechanical shovel (20) provided with an articulated arm and a spreader (21).
11. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon l'une des revendications 3 à 10, 11. A method of constructing a railway track according to one of claims 3 to 10,
caractérisé en ce que dans les dépôts (10), les traverses sont assemblées et gerbées de façon à pouvoir être reprises facilement par un palonnier (21) adapté. characterized in that in the deposits (10), the sleepers are assembled and stacked so that they can be easily taken up by a suitable rudder (21).
12. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer selon l'une des revendications 3 à 11, 12. A method of constructing a railway track according to one of claims 3 to 11,
caractérisé en ce qu'un dépôt prévu pour construire une longueur D de voie comporte N = D/0,6 traverses, de façon que l'engin de pose de traverses (40) n'ait pas besoin de se réapprovisionner entre deux dépôts. characterized in that a deposit provided for constructing a track length D has N = D / 0.6 cross members, so that the cross laying machine (40) does not need to replenish between two deposits.
13. Procédé de construction d'une voie de chemin de fer (VI) sur une plateforme (5), les traverses ayant été posées par un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, 13. A method of constructing a railway track (VI) on a platform (5), the crosspieces having been laid by a method according to one of claims 1 to 12,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à : characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- extraire au moins un rail (R12) dans l'axe d'un train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) et en avant de celui-ci, ledit train (50) étant à l'arrêt sur une première portion déjà construite de ladite voie en construction (VI), en utilisant des moyens d'extraction solidaires dudit train, - Extracting at least one rail (R12) in the axis of a rail storage and laying train (50) and in front thereof, said train (50) being stopped on a first portion already constructed of said track under construction (VI), using integral extraction means of said train,
- déplacer longitudinalement l'au moins un rail (RI 2) au moins indirectement sur lesdites traverses de ladite voie en construction,  moving longitudinally the at least one rail (RI 2) at least indirectly on said sleepers of said track under construction,
de façon à construire une deuxième portion de ladite voie (VI) dans le prolongement de la première portion. so as to construct a second portion of said path (VI) in the extension of the first portion.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, 14. The method of claim 13,
caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à déplacer ledit rail (R12) sur lesdites traverses de la voie en construction comporte : - guider ledit rail par une extrémité avant. characterized in that the step of moving said rail (R12) on said sleepers of the construction track comprises: guiding said rail by a front end.
15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, 15. The method of claim 13 or 14,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à : characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- fixer des moyens de roulement sur lesdites traverses de la voie en construction (VI), - Fix rolling means on said sleepers of the track under construction (VI),
- déplacer ledit rail (RI 2) sur lesdits moyens de roulement.  - Move said rail (RI 2) on said rolling means.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, 16. The method of claim 15,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte l'étape ultérieure consistant à : characterized in that it comprises the subsequent step of:
- repositionner les rails (R12) de la voie en construction (VI) à leur emplacement définitif sur lesdites traverses.  - Reposition the rails (R12) of the track under construction (VI) at their final location on said sleepers.
17. Procédé de construction d'une seconde (V2) voie de chemin de fer sur une plateforme (5), ladite première voie (VI) étant déjà construite et les traverses de la seconde voie ayant été posées par un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, 17. A method of constructing a second (V2) railway track on a platform (5), said first track (VI) being already constructed and the crosspieces of the second track having been laid by a method according to one Claims 1 to 12,
caractérisé en ce que la construction de la seconde voie (V2) comporte l'étape consistant à : characterized in that the construction of the second path (V2) comprises the step of:
- déposer sur la plateforme de ladite seconde voie au moins un rail (R32, R42) sensiblement parallèle à la direction de ladite première voie (VI) de façon à construire une portion de seconde voie (V2) parallèle à la première voie, l'au moins un rail (R32, R42) étant déposé à partir d'un train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) progressant sur ladite première voie (VI). depositing on the platform of said second channel at least one rail (R32, R42) substantially parallel to the direction of said first channel (VI) so as to construct a second channel portion (V2) parallel to the first channel; at least one rail (R32, R42) being deposited from a rail storage and laying train (50) advancing on said first track (VI).
18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, 18. The method of claim 17,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte l'étape consistant à : characterized in that it comprises the step of:
- faire avancer le train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) sur ladite première voie (VI), et  - Advancing the rail storage and laying train (50) on said first track (VI), and
- déposer sur la plateforme de la seconde voie au moins un rail (R32, R42) à proximité de l'emplacement prévu pour la seconde voie (V2) par glissement dudit rail hors du train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) selon une direction vers l'arrière du train et en biais par rapport à l'axe du train (50). - deposit on the platform of the second channel at least one rail (R32, R42) near the location provided for the second channel (V2) by sliding said rail out of the storage train and laying rails (50) in a direction towards the rear of the train and at an angle to the axis of the train (50).
19. Procédé selon la revendication 18, 19. The method of claim 18,
caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à faire glisser ledit rail hors du train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) comporte l'étape consistant à : characterized in that the step of sliding said rail out of the rail storage and laying train (50) includes the step of:
- guider latéralement ledit rail pour le déporter vers l'emplacement prévu pour la seconde voie (V2).  - Laterally guide said rail to move it to the location provided for the second path (V2).
20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 17 à 19, 20. Method according to one of claims 17 to 19,
caractérisé en ce que les rails (R32, R42) de la seconde voie (V2) sont déposés de part et d'autres desdites traverses de la seconde voie. characterized in that the rails (R32, R42) of the second path (V2) are deposited on either side of said cross members of the second path.
21. Procédé selon la revendication 20, 21. The method of claim 20,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte l'étape ultérieure consistant à : characterized in that it comprises the subsequent step of:
- repositionner les rails (R32, R42) de la seconde voie à leur emplacement définitif sur les traverses.  - Reposition the rails (R32, R42) of the second track at their final location on the sleepers.
22. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 17 à 19, 22. Method according to one of claims 17 to 19,
caractérisé en ce que les rails (R32, R42) de la seconde voie (V2) sont déposés sur les traverses à leur emplacement définitif. characterized in that the rails (R32, R42) of the second track (V2) are deposited on the sleepers at their final location.
23. Procédé de construction d'une première (VI) et d'une seconde (V2) voie de chemin de fer, caractérisé en ce que l'on construit alternativement une portion de première voie (VI) selon le procédé de l'une des revendications 13 à 16, puis une portion de seconde voie (V2) selon le procédé de l'une des revendications 17 à 22, à l'aide du même train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) progressant sur une portion de première voie (VI) déjà construite. 23. A method of constructing a first (VI) and a second (V2) railway track, characterized in that a first track portion (VI) is alternately constructed according to the method of the first of claims 13 to 16, then a second path portion (V2) according to the method of one of claims 17 to 22, using the same train of storage and laying of rails (50) progressing on a portion of first lane (VI) already built.
24. Train de stockage et de pose de rails (50), 24. Train for storing and laying rails (50),
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, à son extrémité avant, des moyens pour extraire au moins un premier rail (R12) dans l'axe et en avant dudit train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) lorsqu'il est à l'arrêt, en vue de construire une portion d'une voie (VI). characterized in that it comprises, at its front end, means for extracting at least one first rail (R12) in the axis and in front of said rail storage and laying train (50) when it is at stop, to construct a portion of a lane (VI).
25. Train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour extraire au moins un premier rail (RI 2) comportent au moins deux rouleaux presseurs adaptés pour presser ledit premier rail entre deux faces opposées et l'entraîner par rotation desdits rouleaux. Rail storage and laying train (50) according to claim 24, characterized in that the means for extracting at least one first rail (RI 2) comprise at least two pressure rollers adapted to press said first rail between two faces. opposite and rotate it by rotation of said rollers.
26. Train de stockage et de pose de rails selon la revendication 24 ou 25, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en outre prolongé, à son extrémité avant, par un support (54) pour ledit premier rail comportant un plan incliné (55), de façon à guider ledit premier rail (R12) des wagons de stockage vers la face supérieure des traverses sur lesquelles il est déposé. Rail storage and laying train according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that it is further extended, at its front end, by a support (54) for said first rail having an inclined plane (55). , so as to guide said first rail (R12) storage cars to the upper face of the sleepers on which it is deposited.
27. Train de stockage et de pose de rails selon l'une des revendications 24 à 26, Rail storage and laying train according to one of claims 24 to 26,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre, à son extrémité arrière, des moyens pour guider transversalement au moins un deuxième rail (R32, R42) extrait desdits wagons de stockage de rails (51), de façon à guider ledit deuxième rail vers l'emplacement prévu pour une seconde voie (V2). characterized in that it further comprises, at its rear end, means for transversely guiding at least one second rail (R32, R42) extracted from said rail storage cars (51), so as to guide said second rail to the rail. location for a second lane (V2).
28. Train de stockage et de pose de rails selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de guidage transversal comportent au moins une potence (56, 57) fixé audit train de stockage et de pose de rails (50) et débordant latéralement dudit train. 28. Rail storage and laying train according to claim 27, characterized in that the transverse guide means comprise at least one bracket (56, 57) fixed to said rail storage and laying train (50) and projecting laterally. said train.
29. Train de stockage et de pose de rails selon la revendication 28, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une potence (57) comporte une jambe dotée de roues à pneus (58), de façon à rouler sur la plateforme au fur et à mesure que le train avance. 29. Rail storage and laying train according to claim 28, characterized in that at least one bracket (57) has a leg with tire wheels (58), so as to roll on the platform as and when as the train moves forward.
EP11802509.7A 2010-11-29 2011-11-25 Method for constructing a railway track Withdrawn EP2646622A1 (en)

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FR1059828A FR2968018B1 (en) 2010-11-29 2010-11-29 PROCESS FOR CONSTRUCTING RAILWAY.
FR1160621A FR2968017B1 (en) 2010-11-29 2011-11-22 PROCESS FOR CONSTRUCTING RAILWAY.
PCT/FR2011/052760 WO2012072921A1 (en) 2010-11-29 2011-11-25 Method for constructing a railway track

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MA33634B1 (en) 2012-10-01
CA2816444A1 (en) 2012-06-07
FR2968017B1 (en) 2013-08-16
US20130213253A1 (en) 2013-08-22
FR2968018B1 (en) 2013-08-16
FR2968017A1 (en) 2012-06-01
US20130206031A1 (en) 2013-08-15
CA2816557A1 (en) 2012-06-07
MA34562B1 (en) 2013-10-02
WO2012072921A1 (en) 2012-06-07
EP2646621A1 (en) 2013-10-09
FR2968018A1 (en) 2012-06-01
WO2012072901A1 (en) 2012-06-07

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