RU2671793C1 - Device for mechanized laying of sleepers for ballast prism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for mechanically laying railway sleepers. Device for mechanized laying of sleepers contains a three-wheeled cart on a pneumatic wheel drive, a rigid trailing device, horizontal and vertical transport mechanisms and a template for laying out sleepers. Trolley is connected to the vehicle, in the body of which the sleepers are stored. Sleepers are laid out on the ballast prism according to the template with the help of horizontal and vertical transportation mechanisms.EFFECT: increase in labor productivity is achieved, trauma is reduced, and the quality of the work performed is improved.1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the construction and repair of railway tracks. The invention relates to track machines, in particular to devices for laying out sleepers with an element-wise (separate) method of mounting a rail-sleeper lattice, and is intended for mechanized pattern-wise (according to the diagram) layout of wooden or reinforced concrete sleepers from a vehicle platform onto a ballast prism of the railroad structure.

Currently, in the construction or repair of a railway track, mainly two methods of mounting a rail-sleeper lattice are used: link and element-wise (separate).

With the link method, the installation of links of the rail-sleeper lattice having a rail length is carried out at special link assembly bases. To the place of construction of the railway track, packages of links of the sleeper and sleeper are transported on special railway platforms. The link method is effective in linear construction, when access to each subsequent section of the railway track under construction is carried out along the already constructed section of the railway track.

With the parallel (simultaneous) construction of the track’s upper structure on several consecutive sections of the railway track, transportation of links of the sleeper-rail lattice along the rail track is not possible due to its unavailability. In this case, it is advisable to assemble the rail-sleeper lattice at the site of the construction of the upper track structure element-wise (in a separate way), individually delivering sleepers, rails, butt and intermediate fasteners and other elements of the rail-sleeper lattice by road.

Known devices for the layout of sleepers with an element-wise (separate) method of mounting a rail-sleeper grid using a crane [1]. In this case, the sleepers on the vehicle platform are fixed (one or several) to the crane lifting mechanism, then they are lifted, transported and lowered onto the ballast to the layout. The final layout is done manually.

These devices have the following disadvantages: when mounting a rail-sleeper grid on the embankment or in the recesses, as well as in tunnels and under trestles, it is not possible to place a crane on a motor vehicle on a ballast or near a subgrade; the processes of fastening the sleepers to the lifting mechanism of the crane's boom, lifting, carrying, lowering to the ballast prism take quite a long time, therefore the productivity of such technical equipment is insufficient, and the risk of their use is high.

The closest in technical solution is a device for laying out sleepers [2], which contains an inclined frame consisting of an upper and inclined belts, the lower of which is made with a supporting surface for sleepers intended for layout, pivotally connected to the base machine and mounted on a support, a mechanism for cutting off a number of sleepers with a drive mounted on the upper belt of the frame, sleepers with power cylinders and a mechanism for lowering the sleepers, made in the form of a ramp mounted with the possibility of rotation in vertical plane with respect to an axis pivotally connecting the ramp to the lower belt chassis. The frame is mounted on a support with the ability to change its angle. The frame support is made in the form of a support platform on which an inclined rack and a power cylinder are pivotally mounted, articulating them with the lower frame belt.

In addition, the mechanism for cutting off sleepers comprises two-arm levers movable from the power cylinders, fixed by means of fasteners on the upper belt of the frame, while stops are attached to the lower shoulders of the two-arm levers to interact with the ends of the sleepers, and the upper shoulders of these levers are pivotally connected to the rods of the power cylinders, hydraulically interconnected.

The main disadvantages of this technical solution is that it is designed to lay out only wooden sleepers on the ballast, since reinforced concrete sleepers due to a narrower and higher cross section on the inclined frame and ramps will be unstable, which will lead to their displacement, tilting and the impossibility of layout according to the diagram (after a certain distance from each other). The supporting platform of the frame support, when moving along the ballast, will deform it.

The disadvantage is that the device lacks a mechanism for removing sleepers from the base machine and moving them to an inclined frame. To actuate the power cylinders requires an external hydraulic system with a hydraulic pump installed on the base machine, which will determine the significant time spent on switching the connecting hydraulic lines for each change of the base machine that has consumed the sleepers.

The objective of the invention is to increase labor productivity and quality of work by eliminating manual operations with sleepers, as well as reducing the risk of injury through the use of a device that provides mechanized removal from the vehicle’s platform and pattern-based (on the plot) layout of wooden or reinforced concrete sleepers on a ballast prism with element-wise ( separate) method of mounting the rail-sleeper grid.

The problem is solved in that with the element-wise (separate) method of mounting the rail-sleeper lattice, the delivery of wooden or reinforced concrete sleepers to the ballast prism is carried out on the platforms (in bodies) of any vehicles on a wheeled or tracked track, between the platform (body) and the place for laying the sleepers, and with the help of a coupling device, a device for mechanically folding sleepers onto a ballast prism is connected to the vehicle, which in turn removes sleepers from the platform (from the body) means, moves along horizontal guides to the sleepers lowering mechanism, the movable shelves of which remove the sleepers from horizontal guides, lower them onto the ballast prism, and lay them out according to the pattern (according to the diagram), that is, maintaining the normalized distance between the sleepers, and also observing the given longitudinal layout profile. The electric motors of the electric drives of the device for the mechanized layout of the sleepers on the ballast prism are powered from an autonomous small-sized gas generator or from the vehicle’s onboard network, the electric drives are controlled by control panel switches.

The device for the mechanized layout of sleepers on a ballast prism includes a 3-wheel pneumatic trolley, a front wheel strut, a tow hitch, two horizontal guides, two front unregulated racks, a lifting mechanism handle, a lifting mechanism, two height-adjustable rear racks, four rollers - runner, carriage, two cables, two front rollers, two rear rollers, horizontal electric reversible motor, direct current reversible electric motor, reduction gear, ratchet mechanism with limit switch, two drive rollers, two recessed stops (latches), two hard stops, control panel, two rear stops of horizontal guides, two movable shelves, two horizontal rack drives, two vertical rack drives, two rear vertical racks, template (ruler) , small gas generator, connecting rollers, carriage direction switch, horizontal rack and pinion directional switch, vertical direction switch ikalnyh rack actuators, limit switches five drives.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a device for mechanized layout of sleepers on a ballast prism, side view.

In FIG. 2 shows a device for mechanically arranging sleepers on a ballast prism, top view.

FIG. 3 - section AA (carriage, guides, rollers and cables in section).

FIG. 4 - view B (shows the lifting mechanism height-adjustable rear racks).

FIG. 5 is a view B (a rack drive of horizontal movement of shelves is shown).

FIG. 6 - view G (shown rack drive vertical movement of shelves).

In FIG. 7 shows an electrical diagram of a device.

The device for the mechanized layout of sleepers on a ballast prism includes a 3-wheeled trolley on a pneumatic wheel 1, a front wheel strut 2, a tow hitch 3, two horizontal guides 4, two front unregulated racks 5, a lifting mechanism handle 6, a lifting mechanism 7, two adjustable height rear racks 8, four runner rollers 9, carriage 10, two cables 11, two front rollers 12, two rear rollers 13, horizontal electric reversible 14, reversible DC electric motor 15, reduction gear 1 6, ratchet mechanism with limit switch 17, two drive rollers 18, two recessed stops (latches) 19, two hard stops 20, control panel 21, two rear stops of horizontal guides 22, two movable shelves 23, two horizontal rack and pinion electric drives with ratchet mechanism and a limit switch 24, two vertical rack-and-pinion electric drives with a ratchet mechanism and a limit switch 25, two rear vertical racks 26, a template (ruler) 27, a small gas generator 28, connecting rollers 29 and 30, the switch to the right tions of the carriage 31, the travel direction switch actuators horizontal rack 32, the travel direction switch actuators vertical rack 33, the drive end 34 of the horizontal reversing switch, limit switches horizontal slatted actuators 35 and 36, limit switches vertical slatted actuators 37 and 38, the tie 39.

For mechanized removal from the platform (from the body) of the vehicle and the layout on the ballast of wooden or reinforced concrete sleepers 39 between the platform (body) of the vehicle and the layout of the sleepers, a 3-wheel (one wheel in front, two in the back) trolley is installed on the pneumatic wheel 1 , the front wheel strut 2 of which is connected to the vehicle by means of a towing device 3 (not shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). Two horizontal guides 4 are introduced into the gap formed by wooden blocks-gaskets between the upper and previous rows of sleepers located in the back of the vehicle. The front parts of the horizontal rails 4 in the transport mode are supported by the front unregulated racks 5. In the operating mode, the horizontal rails 4 move freely in the vertical plane to allow entry into the gap between the rows of the package of sleepers. At the same time, with the help of the handle 6 of the lifting mechanisms 7 of the height-adjustable rear struts 8, their height is changed in order to ensure the parallelism of the guides to the inter-sleep gap on the platform (in the body) of the vehicle for the smooth entry of horizontal guides 4 into this gap. After completing the introduction of horizontal guides 4 into the inter-sleeper gap, the trolley 1 is connected to the vehicle using a rigid hitch 3.

On the horizontal guides 4 on 4 runner rollers 9 there is a carriage 10, which, using the cables 11, the front 12 and the rear 13 rollers, is moved along the horizontal guides 4 by a horizontal reversible electric drive 14, consisting of a reversible direct current motor 15, a reduction gear 16 ratchet mechanism with a limit switch 17 and two drive rollers 18. On the front of the carriage 10 there are two recessed stops (latches) 19, on the back of the carriage two hard stops 20. The control panel 21 includes an electric tracking of the electric reversible horizontal 14 for the movement of the carriage 10 in the required direction. When setting the direction of movement in the direction of the package of sleepers located on the platform (in the body) of the vehicle, the carriage 10 moves to the package of sleepers, two sunken stops 19 of the carriage 10 abut against the extreme sleepers from the package, are sunk, passing the carriage 10 under the sleepers from the package, then two hard stops 20 rest against the sleeper from the bag, due to the increased torque, the ratchet mechanism 17 is activated, the limit switch of which turns off the power supply to the horizontal horizontal electric drive 14. Two recessed stops 19 of the carriages 10, after advancing by the tie out of the package, rise in the gap between the sleepers of the package, fixing extreme sleeper out of the package. When turning on the reversible horizontal 14 power supply of opposite polarity from the control panel 21 to the electric drive, the carriage 10 moves the sleeper from the bag to the rear stops of the horizontal guides 22, and the sleeper from the bag rests on them. Due to the increased torque, the ratchet mechanism 17 is triggered, the limit switch of which turns off the power supply to the horizontal reversible electric drive 14, the carriage 10 with the sleeper from the package stops.

The lowering of the sleepers 39 from the horizontal rails 4 to the ballast prism is carried out by two movable shelves 23, which are moved by two horizontal rack drives 24 to the extreme forward or extreme rear position, and two vertical rack drives 25 installed in the rear vertical racks 26 are moved from the extreme upper position to extreme lower position. Upon completion of the movement of the sleepers 39 removed from the platform (body) to the rear stops of the horizontal guides 22, the shelves 23 of the horizontal rack drives 24 are moved to the extreme forward position, and the vertical rack drives 25 are moved to the extreme upper position. In this case, the shelves 23 remove (lift) the sleeper 39 from the carriage 10. In the extreme upper position, the shelves 23 are moved to the extreme rear position by horizontal rack drives 24, then the vertical rack drives 25 are lowered to the lowest position, while the sleeper 39 is laid out on a ballast prism.

In the lower part of the rear vertical struts 26 a folding template (ruler) 27 is attached, orienting on which the vehicle moves forward to the place of layout along the diagram of the next sleepers 39.

Upon completion of removal from the vehicle of the upper row of sleepers from the package, the 3-wheeled trolley on pneumatic wheel 1 is disconnected from the vehicle, which is moving forward, making it possible to introduce guides into the inter-sleeper gap under the row of sleepers in the package, which has become upper, and 3 pneumatic wheeled trolley 1 is again connected to the vehicle.

The process is then repeated.

Power supply of electric drives 14, 24 and 25 is produced from a small-sized gas generator 28 or from an external source (vehicle).

The lifting mechanisms 7 of the height-adjustable rear struts 8 and the drive rollers 9 of the cables 11 in the horizontal guides 4 are interconnected by connecting rollers 29 and 30.

The movement of the carriage 10, the horizontal rack-and-pinion electric drives of the movable shelves 23, the vertical rack-and-pinion electric drives 25 of the movable shelves are controlled respectively by the direction switches of the carriage 31, the direction of movement of the horizontal rack-and-pinion electric drives 32, the direction of travel of the vertical rack-and-pinion electric motors 33. In the extreme positions of the carriage 10 the ratchet with limit switch 34, in the leftmost or rightmost positions of the movable shelves 23 ratchet mechanisms with limit switches 35 and 36 are activated; in the extreme upper or lower positions of the movable shelves 23, ratchet mechanisms with limit switches 37 and 38 are activated, which turn off the corresponding electric drives 14, 24 and 25.

Information sources

1. Instructions for labor protection during installation and dismantling of the rail-sleeper grid with elastic types of fastenings IOT RZD-4100612-ЦЦРП-054-2015, approved by order of the Russian Railways dated August 13, 2015 No. 2042 p.

2. RF patent for the invention No. 2146473 dated 12/29/97 "Device for laying out sleepers", authors: Lebedev N.I., Nasypov I.I., Poplavsky V.G., Pochechuev A.P., ЕВВ 29/06. Published: bull. No.5 on 02.20.99.

Claims (1)

A device for mechanically arranging railway sleepers on a ballast prism, characterized in that it comprises a 3-wheel trolley with pneumatic wheel travel, the front wheel strut of which is connected to the vehicle using a towing device, as well as two horizontal guides, two front unregulated racks, a lifting handle , lifting mechanism, two height-adjustable rear racks, four runner rollers, carriage, two cables, two front rollers, two rear rollers, reverse electric drive horizontal, direct-current reversible electric motor, reduction gear, ratchet gear with limit switch, two drive rollers, two recessed stops (latches), two hard stops, control panel, two rear horizontal guides for removal from the vehicle and horizontal movement of sleepers, two shelves for removing sleepers from horizontal rails and laying them on a ballast prism, two horizontal rack and pinion electric drives, two vertical rack and pinion electric drives, two rear vertical racks, template (ruler), small gasoline generator, connecting rollers, carriage direction switch, horizontal rack and pinion directional switch, vertical rack and pinion directional switch, horizontal reversing electric limit switch, two horizontal rack and pinion end switches, two vertical limit switches rack electric drives.

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