EP2596186A1 - Structure for attaching wall cladding and associated wall assembly - Google Patents

Structure for attaching wall cladding and associated wall assembly

Info

Publication number
EP2596186A1
EP2596186A1 EP11752272.2A EP11752272A EP2596186A1 EP 2596186 A1 EP2596186 A1 EP 2596186A1 EP 11752272 A EP11752272 A EP 11752272A EP 2596186 A1 EP2596186 A1 EP 2596186A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
wall
structure according
pads
facing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11752272.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2596186B1 (en
Inventor
Yves Benkemoun
Thierry Surville
Julien Bauer
Yves Hamelin
Pascal Ozouf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Placoplatre SA
Original Assignee
Placoplatre SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Placoplatre SA filed Critical Placoplatre SA
Publication of EP2596186A1 publication Critical patent/EP2596186A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2596186B1 publication Critical patent/EP2596186B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the doubling of wall walls or ceilings by means of facing plates or panels, in particular for the purpose of performing a thermo-acoustic doubling.
  • the invention also relates to a wall structure with high mechanical performance and thermo-acoustic insulation made from prefabricated elements.
  • the metal frame generally comprises two rails, one upper, fixed to the ceiling, and the other, lower, fixed to the ground.
  • the lower and upper rails are fixed at regular intervals vertical uprights (which are usually metal profiles also called furs), on which we then fix the facing plates.
  • the spacing between the vertical uprights corresponds to the width of the facing plates, so that each upright is disposed at the junction between two adjacent plates.
  • the metal frame determines a gap between the wall and the facing plates, which is usually filled with thermal insulation such as glass wool, which is also a good sound insulation.
  • intermediate spacers may be used to form an additional socket, these intermediate spacers, optionally adjustable length, being fixed to the support wall on the one hand, and the vertical uprights on the other.
  • the invention aims to improve the facing structures as they are made today by simplifying their assembly, in particular in order to reduce the exposure time, but also by allowing a double saving by decreasing the quantity and cost of necessary materials.
  • the invention relates to a fastening structure of a wall facing, the wall facing being intended to cover a support wall and comprising facing plates, the fastening structure comprising two horizontal rails, one, lower, adapted to be fixed to the floor or to the support wall, and the other, upper, adapted to be fixed to the ceiling or the support wall, the structure being characterized in that support pads are able to be fixed to the support wall, said support pads being intended for fastening facing plates, at least one bearing pad being disposed in line with the location of each junction of two adjacent facing plates.
  • the support pads are individualized.
  • a portion of the support pads form groups of two to four support pads.
  • the support pads comprise two detachable parts, a first part adapted either to be fixed to the support wall or to the fixing of at least one gypsum board, a second part adapted in correspondence or to the attachment of at least one facing plate is to be fixed to the support wall.
  • the first part of the support pads is a male part and comprises a support surface integral with a threaded rod which cooperates with a threaded hole made in the second part or corresponding female part, the spacing between the support surface (82) of the male part of a bearing pad and the bearing head of the female part is adjustable.
  • the first and second parts are in the form of a profile and comprise means for adjusting the spacing between the support surface of the first part of the bearing pads and the bearing head of the second part is adjustable, and a means for fixing the first and second parts together when or after their adjustment.
  • the first and second legs of the first portion and the second portion of a bearing pad are substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • At least one of the portions of the support pads may be in the form of a square and in practice the first and second parts are in the form of a square.
  • the length of the legs of the first and / or second parts may be the same but preferably the length of the first leg which includes the support surface or the support head is less than the length of the second leg.
  • the respective contacting surfaces of the first part with the second part may comprise parallel teeth which cooperate and facilitate the adjustment of the position of the support surface relative to the bearing head and consequently the spacing of the facing plate from the support wall.
  • the fixing means may comprise a bolt, screw, rivet or other capable of clamping the second legs against each other and to ensure the relative positioning of the second legs relative to each other and consequently the position of the support surface relative to the support head.
  • one and / or the other of the second legs are provided with openings or buttonholes extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of any teeth.
  • openings for receiving the fastening means may be made in the section sections, either during their manufacture or at the time of assembly.
  • the opposite surfaces of the second legs may be provided with a plurality of teeth substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the general plane of the first and second legs of the part.
  • a plurality of teeth may also be provided on the first leg of one and / or the other of the portions of the support pads.
  • a plurality of teeth may be provided on one and / or the other surface of the first leg of one and / or other of the parts of the support pads and preferably on one and the other opposite surfaces of the first leg.
  • first and / or second portions of the support pads may consist of section sections in the form of a square.
  • the lower and upper horizontal rails may consist of a profile in the form of a square.
  • the upper and lower horizontal rails can be made of the same profile in the form of a square that the profile sections of the first and second parts of the support pads.
  • the profiles of the upper and lower rails on the one hand and section sections can be made from the same profile including polymeric material.
  • the facing plates can be fixed to the support pads by screwing or gluing.
  • the support pads may be made of synthetic materials, such as polymeric materials.
  • the support pads may comprise a sound insulation layer, in particular a layer of an acoustic resilient material on the contact surface intended to be in contact with the support wall.
  • shims may be interposed between the support pads, and more particularly their contact surface and the support wall.
  • the support pads can be fixed on a bracing system, on the inside of the support wall.
  • the structure may further comprise two vertical profiles attached to the bracing system inside the support wall, one of the vertical sections being disposed at each lateral end of the support wall.
  • the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 12.5 millimeters and their width is preferably equal to 600 millimeters.
  • the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 25 millimeters and their width may preferably be equal to 900 millimeters.
  • the invention also relates to a wall assembly, comprising an inner portion and an outer portion, the inner portion may comprise a bracing system on which is fixed a wall facing attachment structure as defined above, the outer portion may comprise an assembly of block-type elements of a thermal insulating material, the elements being encaged in a metal frame.
  • the bracing system may include a bracing plate integral with the metal frame of the outer portion.
  • the metal frame of the outer portion of the wall assembly may comprise an assembly of metal sections.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a first embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are two exploded perspective views of a support stud used to make the structure of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly and the attachment of a support pad, according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a second embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly
  • FIG. 9 is a detail view of the attachment of a bearing pad, according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a bearing pad according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a support pad according to a variant of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 similar to Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention.
  • the structure is intended to cover a support wall 1, which may be any type of wall wall: blocks, bricks, tiles, or, preferably, as will be described below, the inner surface a bracing system for a high thermal performance wall made of prefabricated insulation blocks.
  • the visible portion (of the interior of the room) of the doubling is constituted by the facing, which is made by facing juxtaposition facing plates 2, typically plasterboard.
  • These facing plates are fixed to the fastening structure which comprises, according to the invention, two horizontal profiles 3, 4, 3A, 4A or rails, one, lower 3, 3A fixed to the ground 5 or to the support wall, and the other, upper 4, fixed to the ceiling to the support wall, in a manner known per se at regular intervals by screws (not shown).
  • the rails or profiles 3,4, 3A, 4A can be attached to the support wall.
  • the fixing structure is completed by a plurality of support pads 8, 8A, such as for example that shown in Figures 2 and 3 or that shown in Figure 10
  • the facing plates are fixed to the support wall 1 directly on the support pads 8, 8A (without interposing uprights).
  • Support pads 8, 8A are arranged at regular intervals, at the right of each junction between two adjacent plates. Intermediate studs may also be arranged between the vertical edges of the same facing plate as illustrated.
  • each support pad 8, 8A is fixed to the support wall 1 on the one hand, and to a facing plate, or to two or more plates together, on the other hand.
  • a layer of an insulating material 7, for example made of glass wool or rockwool, is disposed between the support wall 1 and the facing plates 2.
  • the support pads are of fixed length and may be monoblock or made in two or more pieces.
  • the support pads 8, 8A are of adjustable length, which has the advantage of being able to ensure a constant spacing between the facing and the support wall, but also to compensate for irregularities the wall support if necessary.
  • the support pads are advantageously made in two or more parts.
  • support pads 8, 8A are made in two detachable parts as shown in Figures 2 and 3 on the one hand and in Figure 10 on the other hand.
  • such a bearing pad 8, 8A comprises a first portion 80, 80A intended to be fixed either to the support wall 1 or to the facing plates 2, and a second portion 81, 81 A intended to be fixed in correspondence either with the
  • the first portion 80, 80A comprises a support surface 82, 82A preferably flat, intended to be in contact with the support wall.
  • the fixing of the support surface 82, 82A to the support wall 1 may be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes 83, which can be provided in the latter case.
  • the second part comprises a bearing head 86, 86A preferably flat and intended to be fixed to one, and normally two or more facing plates.
  • the first part of the bearing pad is a male part 80 and the second part is a female part 81.
  • the support surface 82 is integral with a threaded rod 84 of the male part to cooperate with a threaded hole 85 present on the female portion 81 of the stud.
  • the threaded hole is made in the bearing head 86.
  • the cooperation by screwing between the male 80 and female 81 of a stud 8 has several advantages: this makes the installation very simple and makes it possible to make the spacing between the support surface of the male part and the bearing head of the female part easily adjustable (in the case where the support pad is not fixed length), simply by screwing more or less the latter. Alternatively, it will be possible to use any type of mechanical connection between the male part and the female part, preferably those allowing adjustment of the spacing (for example: a ring integral with the female part sliding on a notched pin secured to the male part ).
  • the bearing head 86 of the female part of the support pads have a flat free surface, to allow the attachment of plates, in particular by screwing or gluing.
  • FIGS. 6 to 10 A second embodiment of the dissociable and adjustable bearing pad is illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10.
  • the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pads 8A consist of sections of profile.
  • Such section sections of a support pad are in practice of the same width (corresponding to the direction of the width of the facing plates) or horizontally as illustrated.
  • the profile used to make the first part 80A of a support pad may advantageously be used to make the second part 81A.
  • the section section 80A, 81A comprises at least one first leg 82A, 86A substantially perpendicular to a second leg 85A, 87A.
  • These legs 82A, 86A, 85A, 87A are in practice of the same width although alternatively, they may be of different widths.
  • These legs 82A, 85A of the first part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated.
  • legs 86A, 87A of the second part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated.
  • first leg 82A, 86A of the profile section which defines either the support surface of the first part 80A, or the bearing head of the second part 81A, intended to be fixed to normally two facing plates for contact with the support wall is shorter than the second legs 85A, 87A which are intended to be clamped against each other by a fastening means 84A.
  • the length of the first leg 82A, 86A is about half the length of the second leg 85A, 87A.
  • the fixing of the support surface 82A to the support wall 1 can be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes (not shown) can be provided in the first leg 82A in the latter case .
  • the second part 81A comprises a bearing head 86A for the support and fixing by screwing or the facing plates.
  • a plurality of substantially rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the width direction of the second legs and are present on at least one transverse area of the contact surface of the second legs of the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the support pad.
  • These teeth 89A can extend over the entire width of the second leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, on only part of the width of one and / or the other of the second leg 85A, 87A.
  • these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of the first and second parts of the support pad as illustrated in FIG. 10.
  • the profile from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same.
  • the sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A extending perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth. It will be understood that the dimension of the zone of teeth perpendicular to them determines the degree of possible adjustment of the distance between the contact surface 82A and the contact head 86A and thus the spacing of the facing plates from the support wall and therefore the empty space intended to receive the layer of insulating material 7.
  • a plurality of practically rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the direction of the width of the second and first legs and are present on at least one zone. transverse of the contact surface of the legs of the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pad.
  • These teeth 89A may extend over the entire width of the second and / or the first leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, or only a part of the width of one and / or the other of the second or the first leg 85A, 87A.
  • these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of one and / or the other of the second and / or the first leg of the first and second parts of the stud. 'support.
  • the section from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same.
  • the sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A which extend perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A in one and / or other of the legs of the parts and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth and which are adapted to receive fastening means for fixing the desired relative position of the parts of the bearing pad.
  • This variant of the second embodiment increases the possibilities of assembling the first and second parts of the support pad when one of the legs, for example the first leg is shorter than the second leg, or vice versa.
  • the contact surface of the first part may be on a shorter or longer leg and on the "inner” surface of the leg “opposite” the other leg or on the “outer” surface of the leg “The opposite of” the other leg.
  • the same goes for the other part of the support pad.
  • An example is shown in Figure 11 where the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A is in contact and attached to the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A in favor of the teeth 89A of the inner surface of the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A and the inner surface of the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A.
  • the contact surfaces of the second leg of the first and second parts in the second embodiment of Figure 10 or the contact surfaces of the second or first leg of the first and second parts of the variant of FIG. 11, with the aid of the teeth 89A are tightened against each other by a fixing means 84A and in particular a bolt passing through the opening or 90A buttonhole associated with a nut.
  • a fixing means 84A and in particular a bolt passing through the opening or 90A buttonhole associated with a nut.
  • other fixing means may be adopted such as rigid or elastic rivets, or screws and therefore the fastening means do not imply the presence of openings or buttonholes at the time of manufacture of profiles or sections of profiles, perforation second legs through their respective contact surface that can be made at the time of assembly.
  • one and in practice the two section sections can advantageously be in the form of a square as illustrated.
  • This second embodiment has the advantages of simple assembly and adjustment of the first embodiment. But the second embodiment allows the realization of the two parts of the support pad from profiles and preferably from the same profile which can be in the form of a square. In addition the same profile can be used to form the upper and / or lower rails 4A, 3A. The possible presence of teeth 89A and / or openings or buttonholes 90A for the adjustment and attachment of sections of profile intended to form the support pads does not prevent their operation to form upper and / or lower rails. Furthermore, the profile sections can be pre-cut and delivered to the site or cut from profiles delivered to form the profiles or upper and / or lower rails.
  • the support pads will advantageously be made of synthetic materials having a good quality of acoustic insulation, including polymeric or polymeric materials.
  • the materials used may be different for the first and second parts to further limit the propagation of acoustic waves.
  • the number of support pads at the junctions between two adjacent facing plates will in particular be a function of the size of the facing plates used and / or the height required for the doubling structure, for example from one to three studs. support on the same vertical line.
  • additional support pads may be arranged between the vertical lines formed by the plate junctions, in order to obtain the necessary mechanical strength and avoid any undesirable deformation of the doubling structure. For example, for a height of conventional facing of a living room (between 2.20 and 2.80 meters), very satisfactory results are obtained in the following configurations:
  • the fastening structure providing a satisfactory resistance will be composed of the lower and upper rails, completed with support pads arranged at regular intervals of 600 millimeters, and at a substantially median height (for example at about 1.30 meters from the ground).
  • a substantially median height for example at about 1.30 meters from the ground.
  • the fastening structure of the facing may in certain cases be completed by two vertical sections, each arranged at a lateral end of the support wall, and fixed for example to the internal bracing system, in particular when the latter consists of a bracing plate .
  • the doubling structure according to the invention also has the advantage of improving the acoustic and thermal performance compared to known embodiments, in particular through the removal of the vertical wire frame, which is here replaced by discrete supports.
  • the use of polymeric materials to make the support pads further improves the insulation qualities with respect to the use of metal, which is a very poor thermal and acoustic insulation.
  • the deletion, according to the invention, of the vertical metal uprights also facilitates the laying of the layer of insulating material and the passage of different types of ducts or ducts (electrical cables, water pipes, heating, etc.)
  • the reduction of the number of supports and their discretization also makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary fixing points and thus the time necessary for the fixing of the facing.
  • this result is directly quantifiable by the number of screws used for fixing a plate: thus, thanks to a fastening structure according to the invention, it is possible to use only 8 to 10 screws per plate, while conventional systems require 20 to 30 screws per plate.
  • the support wall 1 takes the form of a structure comprising elementary blocks 103, or bricks, of a thermal insulating material (including expanded polystyrene) caged in a metal frame of profiles 102 (for example "H" shaped construction profiles, which can advantageously substitute "U” sections assembled and bolted two by two).
  • a thermal insulating material including expanded polystyrene
  • a metal frame of profiles 102 for example "H" shaped construction profiles, which can advantageously substitute "U” sections assembled and bolted two by two.
  • ITE external thermal insulation
  • bracing system such as a bracing plate 104.
  • the cladding fastening structure according to the invention is thus reported directly on the bracing plate 104.
  • a wall will also consist of a large number of standard elements (therefore interchangeable), almost all being used as is.
  • the standard elements require an adaptation of their dimensions, for example when it comes to end elements, or elements arranged around the frames, then the prefabricated elements, in particular the blocks of insulation, will be easily resized to the required dimensions on site.
  • it may also implement a fixing structure of a wall covering comprising both support pads according to the invention, and both conventional vertical uprights. These may be fixed on support pads, in particular by screwing or clipping.

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure for attaching wall cladding, the wall cladding being intended to clad a supporting wall (1) and comprising sheets (2) of cladding, the attaching structure comprising two horizontal section pieces (3, 4), one of them, a lower one (3), fixed to the ground (5) and the other, an upper one (4), fixed to the ceiling, the structure being characterized in that support blocks (8A) are attached to the supporting wall (1), said support blocks (8A) being intended for the attachment of sheets (2) of cladding, at least one support block (8A) being positioned in line with the site of each join between two adjacent sheets (2) of cladding.

Description

Structure de fixation d'un parement mural et ensemble mural associé  Fixing structure of a wall cladding and associated wall assembly
La présente invention est relative au doublage de parois murales ou de plafonds au moyen de plaques de parement ou de panneaux, en particulier dans le but de réaliser un doublage thermo-acoustique. L'invention concerne également une structure murale à hautes performances mécaniques et d'isolation thermo-acoustique réalisée à partir d'éléments préfabriqués. The present invention relates to the doubling of wall walls or ceilings by means of facing plates or panels, in particular for the purpose of performing a thermo-acoustic doubling. The invention also relates to a wall structure with high mechanical performance and thermo-acoustic insulation made from prefabricated elements.
Dans le but de réaliser le doublage d'une paroi murale, il est connu de fixer des plaques de parement, typiquement des plaques de plâtre, sur une ossature métallique elle-même rapportée sur le mur support. L'ossature métallique comprend en général deux rails, l'un, supérieur, fixé au plafond, et l'autre, inférieur, fixé au sol. Sur les rails inférieur et supérieur sont fixés à intervalles réguliers des montants verticaux (qui sont en général des profilés métalliques également appelés fourrures), sur lesquels on vient ensuite fixer les plaques de parement. L'espacement entre les montants verticaux correspond à la largeur des plaques de parement, de sorte que chaque montant est disposé au droit de la jonction entre deux plaques adjacentes. L'ossature métallique détermine un espace vide entre la paroi murale et les plaques de parement qui est en général rempli d'un isolant thermique tel que la laine de verre, qui constitue également un bon isolant phonique. Selon la hauteur des montants verticaux, des entretoises intermédiaires peuvent être utilisées pour constituer un prise supplémentaire, ces entretoises intermédiaires, de longueur éventuellement réglable, étant fixées à la paroi support d'une part, et aux montants verticaux d'autre part.  In order to effect the doubling of a wall, it is known to fix facing plates, typically plasterboard, on a metal frame itself attached to the support wall. The metal frame generally comprises two rails, one upper, fixed to the ceiling, and the other, lower, fixed to the ground. On the lower and upper rails are fixed at regular intervals vertical uprights (which are usually metal profiles also called furs), on which we then fix the facing plates. The spacing between the vertical uprights corresponds to the width of the facing plates, so that each upright is disposed at the junction between two adjacent plates. The metal frame determines a gap between the wall and the facing plates, which is usually filled with thermal insulation such as glass wool, which is also a good sound insulation. Depending on the height of the vertical uprights, intermediate spacers may be used to form an additional socket, these intermediate spacers, optionally adjustable length, being fixed to the support wall on the one hand, and the vertical uprights on the other.
Dans tous les configurations connues, la pose de montants verticaux est indispensable, typiquement tous les 40 ou 60 centimètres, ce qui représente un nombre de montants important lorsqu'on réalise le doublage d'une pièce d'habitation. Ainsi, une pièce rectangulaire de 20 mètres carrés dans laquelle on double les quatre murs nécessite plus d'une quarantaine de montants verticaux. Le nombre de points de fixation des plaques sur chacun de ces montants verticaux (fixation réalisée dans la plupart des cas par vissage) représente également un temps de travail important. Outre le coût des matériaux, la quantité importante de montants verticaux augmente notablement le temps et les compétences requis pour leur pose, ce qui induit mécaniquement des coûts lorsque ce travail est assuré par un plaquiste. In all known configurations, the installation of vertical uprights is essential, typically every 40 or 60 centimeters, which represents a significant number of amounts when performing the doubling of a living room. Thus, a rectangular room of 20 square meters in which we double the four walls requires more than forty vertical uprights. The number of plate attachment points on each of these uprights (fastening made in most cases by screwing) also represents a significant working time. In addition to the cost of materials, the large amount of uprights significantly increases the time and skills required for their installation, which automatically induces costs when this work is provided by a plasterer.
Un tel montage s'avère donc fastidieux, étant donné les surfaces en jeu dans une habitation et, de plus, est coûteux du fait de la quantité de matériaux et d'accessoires nécessaires.  Such an assembly is therefore tedious, given the surfaces involved in a home and, moreover, is expensive because of the amount of materials and accessories required.
En outre, la présence des montants verticaux est gênante pour le passage de tous types de conduites (câbles électriques, conduites d'eau, de chauffage, etc.)  In addition, the presence of uprights is troublesome for the passage of all types of pipes (electrical cables, water pipes, heating, etc.).
L'invention vise à améliorer les structures de parement telles qu'elles sont réalisées aujourd'hui en simplifiant leur montage, notamment afin d'en réduire le temps de pose, mais également en permettant une économie double en diminuant la quantité et le coût des matériaux nécessaires.  The invention aims to improve the facing structures as they are made today by simplifying their assembly, in particular in order to reduce the exposure time, but also by allowing a double saving by decreasing the quantity and cost of necessary materials.
Ainsi, l'invention est relative à une structure de fixation d'un parement mural, le parement mural étant destiné à recouvrir un mur support et comprenant des plaques de parement, la structure de fixation comprenant deux rails horizontaux, l'un, inférieur, apte à être fixé au sol ou au mur support, et l'autre, supérieur, apte à être fixé au plafond ou au mur support, la structure étant caractérisée en ce que des plots d'appui sont aptes à être fixés au mur support, lesdits plots d'appui étant destinés à la fixation de plaques de parement, au moins un plot d'appui étant disposé au droit de l'emplacement de chaque jonction de deux plaques de parement adjacentes.  Thus, the invention relates to a fastening structure of a wall facing, the wall facing being intended to cover a support wall and comprising facing plates, the fastening structure comprising two horizontal rails, one, lower, adapted to be fixed to the floor or to the support wall, and the other, upper, adapted to be fixed to the ceiling or the support wall, the structure being characterized in that support pads are able to be fixed to the support wall, said support pads being intended for fastening facing plates, at least one bearing pad being disposed in line with the location of each junction of two adjacent facing plates.
Dans une réalisation, les plots d'appui sont individualisés. In one embodiment, the support pads are individualized.
Dans une réalisation, une partie des plots d'appui forme des groupes de deux à quatre plots d'appuis. In one embodiment, a portion of the support pads form groups of two to four support pads.
Dans une réalisation, les plots d'appui comprennent deux parties détachables, une première partie apte soit à être fixée au mur support soit à la fixation d'au moins une plaque de plâtre, une seconde partie apte en correspondance soit à la fixation d'au moins une plaque de parement soit à être fixée au mur support. Dans une première forme de réalisation, la première partie des plots d'appui est une partie mâle et comprend une surface de support solidaire d'une tige filetée qui coopère avec un trou taraudé pratiqué dans la seconde partie ou partie femelle correspondante, l'écartement entre la surface de support (82) de la partie mâle d'un plot d'appui et la tête d'appui de la partie femelle est réglable. In one embodiment, the support pads comprise two detachable parts, a first part adapted either to be fixed to the support wall or to the fixing of at least one gypsum board, a second part adapted in correspondence or to the attachment of at least one facing plate is to be fixed to the support wall. In a first embodiment, the first part of the support pads is a male part and comprises a support surface integral with a threaded rod which cooperates with a threaded hole made in the second part or corresponding female part, the spacing between the support surface (82) of the male part of a bearing pad and the bearing head of the female part is adjustable.
Dans une deuxième forme de réalisation, la première et la seconde parties sont sous forme de profilé et comportent des moyens de réglage de l'écartement entre la surface de support de la première partie des plots d'appui et la tête d'appui de la seconde partie est réglable, et un moyen de fixation de la première et seconde parties ensemble lors ou après leur réglage. En pratique, la première et la seconde jambes de la première partie et de la seconde partie d'un plot d'appui sont sensiblement perpendiculaires l'une à l'autre.  In a second embodiment, the first and second parts are in the form of a profile and comprise means for adjusting the spacing between the support surface of the first part of the bearing pads and the bearing head of the second part is adjustable, and a means for fixing the first and second parts together when or after their adjustment. In practice, the first and second legs of the first portion and the second portion of a bearing pad are substantially perpendicular to each other.
Dans cette deuxième réalisation, au moins une des parties des plots d'appui peut être sous forme d'une équerre et en pratique les première et seconde parties sont sous forme d'une équerre. La longueur des jambes de la première et/ou la seconde parties peut être la même mais de préférence la longueur de la première jambe qui comporte la surface de support ou la tête d'appui est inférieure à la longueur de la seconde jambe.  In this second embodiment, at least one of the portions of the support pads may be in the form of a square and in practice the first and second parts are in the form of a square. The length of the legs of the first and / or second parts may be the same but preferably the length of the first leg which includes the support surface or the support head is less than the length of the second leg.
Dans cette deuxième forme de réalisation, les surfaces respectives de contact de la première partie avec la seconde partie peuvent comporter des dents parallèles qui coopèrent et facilitent le réglage de la position de la surface de support par rapport à la tête d'appui et par conséquence l'écartement de la plaque de parement du mur support.  In this second embodiment, the respective contacting surfaces of the first part with the second part may comprise parallel teeth which cooperate and facilitate the adjustment of the position of the support surface relative to the bearing head and consequently the spacing of the facing plate from the support wall.
Dans cette autre réalisation le moyen de fixation peut comporter un boulon, vis, rivet ou autre apte à serrer les secondes jambes l'une contre l'autre et à assurer le positionnement relatif des secondes jambes l'une par rapport à l'autre et par conséquence la position de la surface de support par rapport à la tête d'appui. A cette fin, l'une et/ou l'autre des secondes jambes sont pourvues d'ouvertures ou boutonnières s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction d'éventuelles dents. En variante, des ouvertures pour recevoir les moyens de fixation peuvent être pratiquées dans les tronçons de profilé, soit lors de leur fabrication, soit au moment du montage. In this other embodiment the fixing means may comprise a bolt, screw, rivet or other capable of clamping the second legs against each other and to ensure the relative positioning of the second legs relative to each other and consequently the position of the support surface relative to the support head. For this purpose, one and / or the other of the second legs are provided with openings or buttonholes extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of any teeth. In a variant, openings for receiving the fastening means may be made in the section sections, either during their manufacture or at the time of assembly.
Dans cette deuxième forme de réalisation, les surfaces opposées des secondes jambes peuvent être pourvues d'une pluralité de dents sensiblement parallèles les unes aux autres et parallèles au plan général de la première et seconde jambes de la partie.  In this second embodiment, the opposite surfaces of the second legs may be provided with a plurality of teeth substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the general plane of the first and second legs of the part.
Selon une variante de cette deuxième forme de réalisation, une pluralité de dents peut être pourvue également sur la première jambe de l'une et/ou de l'autre des parties des plots d'appui. Ainsi une pluralité de dents peut être pourvue sur l'une et/ou l'autre surface de la première jambe de l'une et/l'autre des parties des plots d'appui et de préférence sur l'une et l'autre des surfaces opposées de la première jambe. Lorsque la longueur de la première jambe est inférieure à la longueur de la seconde jambe (ou vice versa) on augmente le nombre de combinaisons d'assemblage possible des parties des plots d'appui et partant on modifie l'écartement de la surface de support à la tête d'appui et/ou la longueur de la surface de support et/ou la tête d'appui.  According to a variant of this second embodiment, a plurality of teeth may also be provided on the first leg of one and / or the other of the portions of the support pads. Thus a plurality of teeth may be provided on one and / or the other surface of the first leg of one and / or other of the parts of the support pads and preferably on one and the other opposite surfaces of the first leg. When the length of the first leg is less than the length of the second leg (or vice versa), the number of possible assembly combinations of the parts of the support pads is increased and thus the spacing of the support surface is modified. to the support head and / or the length of the support surface and / or the support head.
Dans cette deuxième forme de réalisation, la première et/ou la seconde parties des plots d'appui peuvent être constituées de tronçons de profilé sous forme d'équerre.  In this second embodiment, the first and / or second portions of the support pads may consist of section sections in the form of a square.
Dans cette deuxième forme de réalisation, les rails horizontaux inférieur et supérieur peuvent être constitués d'un profilé sous forme d'équerre.  In this second embodiment, the lower and upper horizontal rails may consist of a profile in the form of a square.
Dans cette deuxième réalisation, les rails horizontaux supérieur et inférieur peuvent être réalisés du même profilé sous forme d'équerre que les tronçons de profilé des première et seconde parties des plots d'appui. Les profilés des rails supérieur et inférieur d'une part et des tronçons de profilé peuvent être réalisés à partir du même profilé notamment en matériau polymérique.  In this second embodiment, the upper and lower horizontal rails can be made of the same profile in the form of a square that the profile sections of the first and second parts of the support pads. The profiles of the upper and lower rails on the one hand and section sections can be made from the same profile including polymeric material.
Dans une réalisation, les plaques de parement peuvent être fixées aux plots d'appui par vissage ou collage.  In one embodiment, the facing plates can be fixed to the support pads by screwing or gluing.
Dans une réalisation, les plots d'appui peuvent être réalisés de matériaux de synthèse, tels que des matériaux polymères. Dans une réalisation, les plots d'appui peuvent comporter une couche d'isolation phonique, notamment une couche d'un matériau résilient acoustique sur la surface de contact destinée à être en contact avec le mur support. In one embodiment, the support pads may be made of synthetic materials, such as polymeric materials. In one embodiment, the support pads may comprise a sound insulation layer, in particular a layer of an acoustic resilient material on the contact surface intended to be in contact with the support wall.
Dans une réalisation, des cales d'épaisseur peuvent être interposées entre les plots d'appui, et plus particulièrement leur surface de contact et le mur support.  In one embodiment, shims may be interposed between the support pads, and more particularly their contact surface and the support wall.
Dans une réalisation, les plots d'appui peuvent être fixés sur un système de contreventement, côté intérieur du mur support.  In one embodiment, the support pads can be fixed on a bracing system, on the inside of the support wall.
Dans une réalisation, la structure peut comprendre en outre deux profilés verticaux fixés sur le système de contreventement intérieur du mur support, un des profilés verticaux étant disposé à chaque extrémité latérale du mur support.  In one embodiment, the structure may further comprise two vertical profiles attached to the bracing system inside the support wall, one of the vertical sections being disposed at each lateral end of the support wall.
Dans une réalisation, l'épaisseur des plaques de parement peuvent être sensiblement égale à 12,5 millimètres et leur largeur est de préférence égale à 600 millimètres.  In one embodiment, the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 12.5 millimeters and their width is preferably equal to 600 millimeters.
Dans une réalisation, l'épaisseur des plaques de parement peut être sensiblement égale à 25 millimètres et leur largeur peut être de préférence égale à 900 millimètres.  In one embodiment, the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 25 millimeters and their width may preferably be equal to 900 millimeters.
L'invention concerne également un ensemble mural, comprenant une partie intérieure et une partie extérieure, la partie intérieure peut comprendre un système de contreventement sur lequel est fixée une structure de fixation d'un parement mural telle que définie ci-dessus, la partie extérieure peut comprendre un assemblage d'éléments de type bloc en un matériau isolant thermique, les éléments étant encagés dans une ossature métallique.  The invention also relates to a wall assembly, comprising an inner portion and an outer portion, the inner portion may comprise a bracing system on which is fixed a wall facing attachment structure as defined above, the outer portion may comprise an assembly of block-type elements of a thermal insulating material, the elements being encaged in a metal frame.
Dans une réalisation, le système de contreventement peut comprendre une plaque de contreventement solidaire de l'ossature métallique de la partie extérieure.  In one embodiment, the bracing system may include a bracing plate integral with the metal frame of the outer portion.
Dans une réalisation, l'ossature métallique de la partie extérieure de l'ensemble mural peut comprendre un assemblage de profilés métalliques. On va maintenant poursuivre l'exposé de l'invention par la description d'un exemple de réalisation, donnée ci-après à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels : In one embodiment, the metal frame of the outer portion of the wall assembly may comprise an assembly of metal sections. We will now continue the description of the invention by the description of an exemplary embodiment, given below by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un parement mural fixé au moyen d'une structure conforme à une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, la couche de matériau isolant entre la plaque de parement et le mur support étant partiellement arrachée ;  - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a first embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
- les figures 2 et 3 sont deux vues en perspective éclatée d'un plot d'appui utilisé pour réaliser la structure de la figure 1 ;  FIGS. 2 and 3 are two exploded perspective views of a support stud used to make the structure of FIG. 1;
- les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues de détail en perspective, respectivement de la constitution d'un ensemble mural et de la fixation d'un plot d'appui, conformément à la première forme de réalisation de la présente invention ;  FIGS. 4 and 5 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly and the attachment of a support pad, according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'un parement mural fixé au moyen d'une structure conforme à une deuxième forme de réalisation de l'invention, la couche de matériau isolant entre le plaque de parement et le mur support étant partiellement arrachée ;  - Figure 6 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a second embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
- les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues de détail en perspective, respectivement de la constitution d'un ensemble mural ;  - Figures 7 and 8 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly;
- la figure 9 est une vue de détail de la fixation d'un plot d'appui, conformément à la deuxième forme de réalisation de la présente invention ;  FIG. 9 is a detail view of the attachment of a bearing pad, according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
- la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'un plot d'appui selon la deuxième forme de réalisation ; et  FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a bearing pad according to the second embodiment; and
- la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'un plot d'appui selon une variante de la deuxième forme de réalisation.  - Figure 11 is a perspective view of a support pad according to a variant of the second embodiment.
La figure 1 montre un premier mode de réalisation d'un doublage dont les plaques de parement sont fixées à une structure conforme à l'invention. La figure 6 analogue à la figure 1 montre un second mode de réalisation d'un doublage dont les plaques de parement sont fixées à une structure conforme à l'invention. La structure est destinée à couvrir un mur support 1 , qui peut-être tout type de paroi murale : parpaings, briques, carreaux, ou, de préférence, comme on le décrira plus bas, la surface intérieure d'un système de contreventement d'un mur à haute performance thermique réalisé au moyen de blocs préfabriqués d'isolant. La partie visible (de l'intérieur de la pièce) du doublage est constitué par le parement, qui est réalisé par juxtaposition bord à bord de plaques de parement 2, typiquement des plaques de plâtre. Ces plaques de parement sont fixées à la structure de fixation qui comprend, selon l'invention, deux profilés horizontaux 3, 4, 3A, 4A ou rails, l'un, inférieur 3, 3A fixé au sol 5 ou au mur support, et l'autre, supérieur 4, fixé au plafond au mur support, de manière connue en soi à intervalles en principe réguliers par des vis (non illustrées). En variante, les rails ou profilés 3,4 , 3A, 4A peuvent être fixés au mur support. La structure de fixation est complétée par une pluralité de plots d'appuis 8, 8A, tels que par exemple celui représenté sur les figures 2 et 3 ou celui représenté sur la figure 10 Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention. Figure 6 similar to Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention. The structure is intended to cover a support wall 1, which may be any type of wall wall: blocks, bricks, tiles, or, preferably, as will be described below, the inner surface a bracing system for a high thermal performance wall made of prefabricated insulation blocks. The visible portion (of the interior of the room) of the doubling is constituted by the facing, which is made by facing juxtaposition facing plates 2, typically plasterboard. These facing plates are fixed to the fastening structure which comprises, according to the invention, two horizontal profiles 3, 4, 3A, 4A or rails, one, lower 3, 3A fixed to the ground 5 or to the support wall, and the other, upper 4, fixed to the ceiling to the support wall, in a manner known per se at regular intervals by screws (not shown). Alternatively, the rails or profiles 3,4, 3A, 4A can be attached to the support wall. The fixing structure is completed by a plurality of support pads 8, 8A, such as for example that shown in Figures 2 and 3 or that shown in Figure 10
Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, les plaques de parement sont fixées au mur support 1 directement sur les plots d'appui 8, 8A (sans interposer des montants verticaux). Des plots d'appui 8, 8A sont disposés à intervalles réguliers, au droit de chaque jonction entre deux plaques adjacentes. Des plots intermédiaires peuvent également être disposés entre les bords verticaux d'une même plaque de parement tel qu'illustré. Ainsi, comme visible respectivement sur les figures 1 et 5 et figures 6 et 9 chaque plot d'appui 8, 8A est fixé au mur support 1 d'une part, et à une plaque de parement, ou à deux voire plusieurs plaques conjointement, d'autre part. Comme dans une structure de doublage classique, une couche d'un matériau isolant 7, par exemple en laine de verre ou en laine de roche, est disposée entre le mur support 1 et les plaques de parement 2.  According to a first aspect of the invention, the facing plates are fixed to the support wall 1 directly on the support pads 8, 8A (without interposing uprights). Support pads 8, 8A are arranged at regular intervals, at the right of each junction between two adjacent plates. Intermediate studs may also be arranged between the vertical edges of the same facing plate as illustrated. Thus, as can be seen respectively in FIGS. 1 and 5 and FIGS. 6 and 9, each support pad 8, 8A is fixed to the support wall 1 on the one hand, and to a facing plate, or to two or more plates together, on the other hand. As in a conventional doubling structure, a layer of an insulating material 7, for example made of glass wool or rockwool, is disposed between the support wall 1 and the facing plates 2.
Dans une première variante de réalisation (non représentée), les plots d'appui sont de longueur fixe et pourront être monoblocs ou réalisés en deux ou plusieurs pièces. Dans une deuxième variante de réalisation tel qu'illustré, les plots d'appui 8, 8A sont de longueur réglable, ce qui présente l'avantage de pouvoir assurer un écartement constant entre le parement et le mur support, mais également de compenser les irrégularités du mur support le cas échéant. Pour ce dernier cas, les plots d'appui sont avantageusement réalisés en deux ou plusieurs parties. Dans une réalisation avantageuse, des plots d'appui 8, 8A sont réalisés en deux parties détachables comme montré sur les figures 2 et 3 d'une part et sur la figure 10 d'autre part. Ainsi, un tel plot d'appui 8, 8A comprend une première partie 80, 80A destinée à être fixée soit au mur support 1 soit aux plaques de parement 2, et une seconde partie 81 , 81 A destinée à être fixée en correspondance soit aux plaques de parement 2 soit au mur support 1. La première partie 80, 80A comprend une surface de support 82, 82A de préférence plane, destinée à être en contact avec le mur support. La fixation de la surface de support 82, 82A au mur support 1 pourra se faire notamment par collage ou par vissage, des trous de fixation 83, pouvant être prévus dans ce dernier cas. La seconde partie comprend une tête d'appui 86, 86A de préférence plane et destinée à être fixée à une, et normalement deux, voire plusieurs plaques de parement,. In a first embodiment (not shown), the support pads are of fixed length and may be monoblock or made in two or more pieces. In a second alternative embodiment as illustrated, the support pads 8, 8A are of adjustable length, which has the advantage of being able to ensure a constant spacing between the facing and the support wall, but also to compensate for irregularities the wall support if necessary. For the latter case, the support pads are advantageously made in two or more parts. In an advantageous embodiment, support pads 8, 8A are made in two detachable parts as shown in Figures 2 and 3 on the one hand and in Figure 10 on the other hand. Thus, such a bearing pad 8, 8A comprises a first portion 80, 80A intended to be fixed either to the support wall 1 or to the facing plates 2, and a second portion 81, 81 A intended to be fixed in correspondence either with the The first portion 80, 80A comprises a support surface 82, 82A preferably flat, intended to be in contact with the support wall. The fixing of the support surface 82, 82A to the support wall 1 may be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes 83, which can be provided in the latter case. The second part comprises a bearing head 86, 86A preferably flat and intended to be fixed to one, and normally two or more facing plates.
Dans une première forme de réalisation la première partie du plot d'appui est une partie mâle 80 et la seconde partie est une partie femelle 81. Dans ce cas la surface de support 82 est solidaire d'une tige filetée 84 de la partie mâle destinée à coopérer avec un trou taraudé 85 présent sur la partie femelle 81 du plot. Ainsi le trou taraudé est pratiqué dans la tête d'appui 86.  In a first embodiment, the first part of the bearing pad is a male part 80 and the second part is a female part 81. In this case, the support surface 82 is integral with a threaded rod 84 of the male part to cooperate with a threaded hole 85 present on the female portion 81 of the stud. Thus the threaded hole is made in the bearing head 86.
La coopération par vissage entre les parties mâle 80 et femelle 81 d'un plot 8 présente plusieurs avantages : cela rend le montage très simple et permet de rendre l'écartement entre la surface de support de la partie mâle et la tête d'appui de la partie femelle facilement réglable (dans le cas où le plot d'appui n'est pas de longueur fixe), simplement en vissant plus ou moins cette dernière. Alternativement, on pourra utiliser tout type de liaison mécanique entre la partie mâle et la partie femelle, de préférence ceux permettant un réglage de l'écartement (par exemple : une bague solidaire de la partie femelle coulissant sur une tige crantée solidaire de la partie mâle). La tête d'appui 86 de la partie femelle des plots d'appui présentent une surface libre plane, afin de permettre la fixation de plaques, notamment par vissage ou collage.  The cooperation by screwing between the male 80 and female 81 of a stud 8 has several advantages: this makes the installation very simple and makes it possible to make the spacing between the support surface of the male part and the bearing head of the female part easily adjustable (in the case where the support pad is not fixed length), simply by screwing more or less the latter. Alternatively, it will be possible to use any type of mechanical connection between the male part and the female part, preferably those allowing adjustment of the spacing (for example: a ring integral with the female part sliding on a notched pin secured to the male part ). The bearing head 86 of the female part of the support pads have a flat free surface, to allow the attachment of plates, in particular by screwing or gluing.
Une deuxième forme de réalisation du plot d'appui dissociable et réglable est illustrée sur les figures 6 à 10. Dans cette forme de réalisation la première et la seconde parties 80A, 81A des plots d'appui 8A sont constituées de tronçons de profilé. Ainsi il est possible de réaliser la première et la seconde parties des plots d'appui à partir de profilés. Tels tronçons de profilé d'un plot d'appui sont en pratique d'une même largeur (correspondant au sens de la largeur des plaques de parement) ou horizontalement tel qu'illustré. Par ailleurs le profilé utilisé pour réaliser la première partie 80A d'un plot d'appui peut être avantageusement utilisé pour réaliser la seconde partie 81A. A second embodiment of the dissociable and adjustable bearing pad is illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10. In this embodiment, the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pads 8A consist of sections of profile. Thus it is possible to make the first and second parts of the support pads from profiles. Such section sections of a support pad are in practice of the same width (corresponding to the direction of the width of the facing plates) or horizontally as illustrated. Furthermore, the profile used to make the first part 80A of a support pad may advantageously be used to make the second part 81A.
Le tronçon de profilé 80A, 81A comporte au moins une première jambe 82A, 86A sensiblement perpendiculaire à une seconde jambe 85A, 87A. Ces jambes 82A, 86A, 85A, 87A sont en pratique d'une même largeur bien qu'en variante, elles puissent être de largeurs différentes. Ces jambes 82A, 85A de la première partie peuvent être de la même longueur ou de préférence de longueur différente tel qu'illustré. De même les jambes 86A, 87A de la seconde partie peuvent être de la même longueur ou de préférence de longueur différente tel qu'illustré. En effet, la première jambe 82A, 86A du tronçon de profilé qui définit, soit la surface de support de la première partie 80A, soit la tête d'appui de la seconde partie 81A, destinée à être fixée à normalement deux plaques de parement pour contact avec le mur support, est plus courte que les secondes jambes 85A, 87A qui sont destinées à être serrées l'une contre l'autre par un moyen de fixation 84A. Tel qu'illustré, la longueur de la première jambe 82A, 86A est d'environ la moitié de la longueur de la seconde jambe 85A, 87A.  The section section 80A, 81A comprises at least one first leg 82A, 86A substantially perpendicular to a second leg 85A, 87A. These legs 82A, 86A, 85A, 87A are in practice of the same width although alternatively, they may be of different widths. These legs 82A, 85A of the first part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated. Similarly legs 86A, 87A of the second part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated. Indeed, the first leg 82A, 86A of the profile section which defines either the support surface of the first part 80A, or the bearing head of the second part 81A, intended to be fixed to normally two facing plates for contact with the support wall, is shorter than the second legs 85A, 87A which are intended to be clamped against each other by a fastening means 84A. As illustrated, the length of the first leg 82A, 86A is about half the length of the second leg 85A, 87A.
Comme dans la première forme de réalisation, la fixation de la surface de support 82A au mur support 1 pourra se faire notamment par collage ou par vissage, des trous de fixation (non illustrés) pouvant être pourvus dans la première jambe 82A dans ce dernier cas. De même la seconde partie 81A comprend une tête d'appui 86A destinée à l'appui et à la fixation par vissage de la ou les plaques de parement.  As in the first embodiment, the fixing of the support surface 82A to the support wall 1 can be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes (not shown) can be provided in the first leg 82A in the latter case . Similarly the second part 81A comprises a bearing head 86A for the support and fixing by screwing or the facing plates.
Une pluralité de dents en pratique sensiblement rectilignes et parallèles 89A s'étendent dans le sens de la largeur des secondes jambes et sont présentes sur au moins une zone transversale de la surface de contact des secondes jambes de la première et de la seconde parties 80A, 81A du plot d'appui. Ces dents 89A peuvent s'étendre sur toute la largeur de la seconde jambe 85A, 87A tel qu'illustrées, sur une partie seulement de la largeur de l'une et/ou l'autre de la seconde jambe 85A, 87A. En outre ces dents peuvent être pourvues sur au moins une zone transversale de la surface opposée à la surface de contact de la première et seconde parties du plot d'appui tel qu'illustré en figure 10. Ainsi et avantageusement, le profilé à partir duquel la première et seconde parties 80A, 81A du plot de contact est réalisé pourrait être le même. Les tronçons peuvent également comporter des ouvertures allongées ou boutonnières 90A qui s'étendent perpendiculairement au sens des dents 89A et peuvent, tel qu'illustré, traverser et interrompre ces dents. On comprendra que la dimension de la zone de dents perpendiculairement à celles-ci détermine le degré de réglage possible de la distance entre la surface de contact 82A et la tête de contact 86A et ainsi l'écartement des plaques de parement du mur support et donc l'espace vide destiné à recevoir la couche de matériau isolant 7. A plurality of substantially rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the width direction of the second legs and are present on at least one transverse area of the contact surface of the second legs of the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the support pad. These teeth 89A can extend over the entire width of the second leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, on only part of the width of one and / or the other of the second leg 85A, 87A. In addition these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of the first and second parts of the support pad as illustrated in FIG. 10. Thus, and advantageously, the profile from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same. The sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A extending perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth. It will be understood that the dimension of the zone of teeth perpendicular to them determines the degree of possible adjustment of the distance between the contact surface 82A and the contact head 86A and thus the spacing of the facing plates from the support wall and therefore the empty space intended to receive the layer of insulating material 7.
Selon une variante de la deuxième forme de réalisation, illustrée sur la figure 11 , une pluralité de dents en pratique sensiblement rectilignes et parallèles 89A s'étendent dans le sens de la largeur des secondes et des premières jambes et sont présentes sur au moins une zone transversale de la surface de contact des jambes de la première et de la seconde parties 80A, 81A du plot d'appui. Ces dents 89A peuvent s'étendre sur toute la largeur de la seconde et/ou la première jambe 85A, 87A tel qu'illustré, ou sur une partie seulement de la largeur de l'une et/ou l'autre de la seconde ou la première jambe 85A, 87A. En outre ces dents peuvent être pourvues sur au moins une zone transversale de la surface opposée à la surface de contact de l'une et/ou de l'autre des deuxième et/ou la première jambe de la première et seconde parties du plot d'appui.  According to a variant of the second embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 11, a plurality of practically rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the direction of the width of the second and first legs and are present on at least one zone. transverse of the contact surface of the legs of the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pad. These teeth 89A may extend over the entire width of the second and / or the first leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, or only a part of the width of one and / or the other of the second or the first leg 85A, 87A. In addition these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of one and / or the other of the second and / or the first leg of the first and second parts of the stud. 'support.
Ainsi et avantageusement dans cette variante de la deuxième forme de réalisation, le profilé à partir duquel la première et seconde parties 80A, 81A du plot de contact est réalisé pourrait être le même. Les tronçons peuvent également comporter des ouvertures allongées ou boutonnières 90A qui s'étendent perpendiculairement au sens des dents 89A dans l'une et/ou l'autre des jambes des parties et peuvent, tel qu'illustré, traverser et interrompre ces dents et qui sont aptes à recevoir des moyens de fixation pour fixer la position relative souhaitée des parties du plot d'appui. Cette variante de la deuxième forme de réalisation augmente les possibilités d'assemblage des première et seconde parties du plot d'appui lorsqu'une des jambes, par exemple la première jambe est plus courte que la second jambe, ou vice versa. En effet la surface de contact de la première partie peut se trouver sur une jambe plus courte ou plus longue et sur la surface « interne » de la jambe « en regard de » l'autre jambe ou sur la surface « externe » de la jambe « à l'opposé de » l'autre jambe. Il y en va de même pour l'autre partie du plot d'appui. Un exemple est illustré à la figure 11 où la seconde jambe 85A de la première partie 80A est en contact et fixée à la première jambe 86A de la seconde partie 81A à la faveur des dents 89A de la surface interne de la seconde jambe 85A de la première partie 80A et de la surface interne de la première jambe 86A de la seconde partie 81A. Thus and advantageously in this variant of the second embodiment, the section from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same. The sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A which extend perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A in one and / or other of the legs of the parts and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth and which are adapted to receive fastening means for fixing the desired relative position of the parts of the bearing pad. This variant of the second embodiment increases the possibilities of assembling the first and second parts of the support pad when one of the legs, for example the first leg is shorter than the second leg, or vice versa. Indeed, the contact surface of the first part may be on a shorter or longer leg and on the "inner" surface of the leg "opposite" the other leg or on the "outer" surface of the leg "The opposite of" the other leg. The same goes for the other part of the support pad. An example is shown in Figure 11 where the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A is in contact and attached to the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A in favor of the teeth 89A of the inner surface of the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A and the inner surface of the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A.
Grâce à cette variante de la variante de la deuxième forme de réalisation, on obtient ainsi la possibilité de contact (et fixation) entre la surface interne ou externe de la première jambe (plus courte) ou la deuxième jambe (plus longue) de la première partie avec la surface interne ou externe de la première jambe (plus courte) ou deuxième jambe (plus longue) de la seconde partie.  With this variant of the variant of the second embodiment, the possibility of contact (and fixation) between the inner or outer surface of the first (shorter) leg or the second (longer) leg of the first (or shorter) leg is thus obtained. part with the inner or outer surface of the first leg (shorter) or second leg (longer) of the second part.
Après le positionnement désiré de la seconde partie par rapport à la première partie du plot d'appui, les surfaces de contact de la seconde jambe de la première et seconde parties dans la deuxième forme de réalisation de la figure 10 ou les surfaces de contact de la seconde ou première jambe de la première et seconde partie de la variante de la figure 11 , à la faveur des dents 89A, sont serrées l'une contre l'autre par un moyen de fixation 84A et notamment un boulon traversant l'ouverture ou boutonnière 90A associé à un écrou. On comprendra que d'autres moyens de fixation peuvent être adoptés tels que des rivets rigides ou élastiques, ou vis et par conséquent les moyens de fixation n'impliquent pas la présence d'ouvertures ou boutonnières au moment de la fabrication de profilés ou des tronçons de profilés, la perforation des secondes jambes à travers leur surface de contact respective pouvant être effectuée au moment du montage. After the desired positioning of the second part with respect to the first part of the bearing pad, the contact surfaces of the second leg of the first and second parts in the second embodiment of Figure 10 or the contact surfaces of the second or first leg of the first and second parts of the variant of FIG. 11, with the aid of the teeth 89A, are tightened against each other by a fixing means 84A and in particular a bolt passing through the opening or 90A buttonhole associated with a nut. It will be understood that other fixing means may be adopted such as rigid or elastic rivets, or screws and therefore the fastening means do not imply the presence of openings or buttonholes at the time of manufacture of profiles or sections of profiles, perforation second legs through their respective contact surface that can be made at the time of assembly.
En outre l'un et en pratique les deux tronçons de profilé peuvent être avantageusement sous forme d'équerre tel qu'illustré.  In addition, one and in practice the two section sections can advantageously be in the form of a square as illustrated.
Cette deuxième forme de réalisation a les avantages de simplicité du montage et de réglage de la première forme de réalisation. Mais la deuxième forme de réalisation permet la réalisation des deux parties du plot d'appui à partir de profilés et de préférence à partir du même profilé lequel peut être sous forme d'équerre. En plus le même profilé peut être utilisé pour constituer les rails supérieur et/ou inférieur 4A, 3A. La présence éventuelle de dents 89A et/ou d'ouvertures ou boutonnières 90A pour le réglage et fixation de tronçons de profilé destinés à constituer les plots d'appui n'empêche nullement leur exploitation pour constituer des rails supérieur et/ou inférieur. Par ailleurs, les tronçons de profilé peuvent être prédécoupés et livrés sur le chantier ou découpés à partir de profils livrés pour constituer les profilés ou rails supérieur et/ou inférieur.  This second embodiment has the advantages of simple assembly and adjustment of the first embodiment. But the second embodiment allows the realization of the two parts of the support pad from profiles and preferably from the same profile which can be in the form of a square. In addition the same profile can be used to form the upper and / or lower rails 4A, 3A. The possible presence of teeth 89A and / or openings or buttonholes 90A for the adjustment and attachment of sections of profile intended to form the support pads does not prevent their operation to form upper and / or lower rails. Furthermore, the profile sections can be pre-cut and delivered to the site or cut from profiles delivered to form the profiles or upper and / or lower rails.
Les plots d'appui seront avantageusement réalisés en matériaux de synthèse présentant une bonne qualité d'isolation acoustique, notamment des matériaux polymères ou polymériques. Avantageusement, les matériaux utilisés pourront être différents pour la première et seconde parties afin de limiter encore plus la propagation des ondes acoustiques. Afin d'optimiser encore l'isolation, il est également possible d'interposer entre le mur support 1 et la première partie 80, 80A des plots d'appui 8 une couche d'un matériau acoustique résilient ou non.  The support pads will advantageously be made of synthetic materials having a good quality of acoustic insulation, including polymeric or polymeric materials. Advantageously, the materials used may be different for the first and second parts to further limit the propagation of acoustic waves. To further optimize the insulation, it is also possible to interpose between the support wall 1 and the first portion 80, 80A of the support pads 8 a layer of acoustic material resilient or not.
Le nombre de plots d'appui au droit des jonctions entre deux plaques de parement adjacentes sera notamment fonction de la taille des plaques de parement utilisées et/ou de la hauteur requise pour la structure de doublage, par exemple de un à trois plots d'appui sur une même ligne verticale. En outre, comme évoqué plus haut, des plots d'appui complémentaires pourront être disposés entre les lignes verticales formées par les jonctions de plaques, afin d'obtenir la résistance mécanique nécessaire et éviter toute déformation indésirable de la structure de doublage. A titre d'exemple, pour une hauteur de parement classique d'une pièce d'habitation (soit entre 2,20 et 2,80 mètres), des résultats très satisfaisants sont obtenus dans les configurations suivantes : The number of support pads at the junctions between two adjacent facing plates will in particular be a function of the size of the facing plates used and / or the height required for the doubling structure, for example from one to three studs. support on the same vertical line. In addition, as mentioned above, additional support pads may be arranged between the vertical lines formed by the plate junctions, in order to obtain the necessary mechanical strength and avoid any undesirable deformation of the doubling structure. For example, for a height of conventional facing of a living room (between 2.20 and 2.80 meters), very satisfactory results are obtained in the following configurations:
- Pour un parement réalisé en plaques de plâtre d'épaisseur de 12,5 millimètres (ce qui correspond aux plaques les plus courantes, commercialisées sous la dénomination « BA 13 »), d'une largeur de 1200 millimètres, la structure de fixation procurant une résistance satisfaisante sera composée des rails inférieur et supérieur, complétés de plots d'appui disposés à intervalles réguliers de 600 millimètres, et à une hauteur sensiblement médiane (par exemple à environ 1 ,30 mètre du sol). On s'assure ainsi qu'un appui sur deux sera disposé au droit d'une jonction entre deux plaques adjacentes, et un appui sur deux sera au droit de la ligne médiane verticale d'une plaque.  - For a plasterboard 12.5 mm thick (which corresponds to the most common sheets, marketed under the name "BA 13") with a width of 1200 millimeters, the fastening structure providing a satisfactory resistance will be composed of the lower and upper rails, completed with support pads arranged at regular intervals of 600 millimeters, and at a substantially median height (for example at about 1.30 meters from the ground). One ensures that one support out of two will be arranged at the right of a junction between two adjacent plates, and a support on two will be at the right of the vertical median line of a plate.
- Pour un parement réalisé en plaques de plâtre d'épaisseur de 25 millimètres (dénomination commerciale ; « BA 25 ») de largeur égale à 900 millimètres, une résistance satisfaisante sera obtenue pour une structure de fixation comprenant les deux rails horizontaux auxquels s'ajouteront des plots d'appui disposés tous les 900 millimètres, au droit de chaque jonction entre plaques adjacentes.  - For a cladding made of gypsum board 25 millimeters thick (trade name, "BA 25") with a width of 900 millimeters, a satisfactory strength will be obtained for a fastening structure comprising the two horizontal rails to which will be added support pads placed every 900 millimeters, at the right of each junction between adjacent plates.
La structure de fixation du parement pourra dans certains cas être complétée par deux profilés verticaux, disposés chacun à une extrémité latérale du mur support, et fixés par exemple au système de contreventement intérieur, en particulier lorsque ce dernier est constitué d'une plaque de contreventement.  The fastening structure of the facing may in certain cases be completed by two vertical sections, each arranged at a lateral end of the support wall, and fixed for example to the internal bracing system, in particular when the latter consists of a bracing plate .
La structure de doublage selon l'invention présente également l'avantage d'améliorer les performances acoustiques et thermiques par rapport aux réalisations connues, notamment grâce à la suppression de l'ossature métallique verticale filante, qui est ici remplacée par des appuis discrets. En outre, dans un mode de réalisation privilégié, l'utilisation de matériaux polymères pour réaliser les plots d'appui améliore encore les qualités d'isolation par rapport à l'utilisation du métal, qui est un très mauvais isolant thermique et phonique.  The doubling structure according to the invention also has the advantage of improving the acoustic and thermal performance compared to known embodiments, in particular through the removal of the vertical wire frame, which is here replaced by discrete supports. In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the use of polymeric materials to make the support pads further improves the insulation qualities with respect to the use of metal, which is a very poor thermal and acoustic insulation.
La suppression, selon l'invention, des montants métalliques verticaux, facilite en outre la pose de la couche de matériau isolant ainsi que le passage des différents types de gaines ou de conduits (câbles électriques, conduites d'eau, de chauffage, etc.) La réduction du nombre d'appuis et leur discrétisation permet également de diminuer le nombre de points de fixation nécessaires et donc le temps nécessaire pour la fixation du parement. Dans le cas où les plaques sont vissées, ce résultat est directement quantifiable par le nombre de vis utilisées pour la fixation d'une plaque : ainsi, grâce à une structure de fixation conforme à l'invention, il est possible de n'utiliser que 8 à 10 vis par plaque, alors que les systèmes conventionnels nécessitent de 20 à 30 vis par plaque. The deletion, according to the invention, of the vertical metal uprights also facilitates the laying of the layer of insulating material and the passage of different types of ducts or ducts (electrical cables, water pipes, heating, etc.) The reduction of the number of supports and their discretization also makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary fixing points and thus the time necessary for the fixing of the facing. In the case where the plates are screwed, this result is directly quantifiable by the number of screws used for fixing a plate: thus, thanks to a fastening structure according to the invention, it is possible to use only 8 to 10 screws per plate, while conventional systems require 20 to 30 screws per plate.
Dans une variante particulièrement avantageuse montrée sur les figures 1 et 4, et figure 7, le mur support 1 prend la forme d'une structure comprenant des blocs élémentaires 103, ou briques, d'un matériau isolant thermique (notamment du polystyrène expansé) encagées dans une ossature métallique de profilés 102 (par exemple des profilés de construction de forme en « H », auxquels on peut avantageusement substituer des profilés en « U » assemblées et boulonnés deux à deux). Une telle structure permet donc d'utiliser exclusivement des éléments préfabriqués : des profilés métalliques assemblés pour former l'ossature (assurant la résistance mécanique nécessaire) d'une part, et des blocs de polystyrène expansé pour assurer une isolation thermique appropriée d'autre part. Les murs ainsi constitués comprennent en outre :  In a particularly advantageous variant shown in Figures 1 and 4, and Figure 7, the support wall 1 takes the form of a structure comprising elementary blocks 103, or bricks, of a thermal insulating material (including expanded polystyrene) caged in a metal frame of profiles 102 (for example "H" shaped construction profiles, which can advantageously substitute "U" sections assembled and bolted two by two). Such a structure therefore makes it possible to use exclusively prefabricated elements: metal profiles assembled to form the framework (providing the necessary mechanical strength) on the one hand, and expanded polystyrene blocks to ensure appropriate thermal insulation on the other hand . The walls thus formed further include:
- côté extérieur : au moins une couche d'isolation 101 et une couche de finition. On réalise ainsi une isolation thermique extérieure, connue sous l'acronyme « ITE », avec les avantages associés (meilleure efficacité avec une surface intérieure perdue moindre) ;  - Outside side: at least one insulation layer 101 and a topcoat. Thus, an external thermal insulation, known by the acronym "ITE", is achieved with the associated advantages (better efficiency with less lost internal surface);
- côté intérieur : un système de contreventement tel qu'une plaque de contreventement 104. La structure de fixation du parement selon l'invention est ainsi rapportée directement sur cette plaque de contreventement 104.  - Inner side: a bracing system such as a bracing plate 104. The cladding fastening structure according to the invention is thus reported directly on the bracing plate 104.
On obtient ainsi une structure murale particulièrement performante, qui combine les excellentes qualités d'isolation thermique du polystyrène expansé et d'isolation phonique d'un doublage fixé conformément à l'invention. La structure murale ainsi obtenue s'avère de plus d'un très bon rapport résistance/légèreté. Grâce à ce type de structure, l'élévation des murs d'une habitation devient donc un simple assemblage sur site d'éléments préfabriqués standards.This gives a particularly powerful wall structure, which combines the excellent thermal insulation qualities of expanded polystyrene and sound insulation of a doubling fixed in accordance with the invention. The wall structure thus obtained proves more of a very good strength / lightness ratio. Thanks to this type of structure, the elevation of the walls of a house thus becomes a simple on-site assembly of standard prefabricated elements.
Un mur sera de plus constitué d'un grand nombre d'éléments standards (donc interchangeables), la quasi-totalité étant utilisés tels quels. Dans le cas où les éléments standards nécessiteraient une adaptation de leurs dimensions, par exemple lorsqu'il s'agit d'éléments d'extrémités, ou d'éléments disposés autour des emplacements d'huisseries, alors les éléments préfabriqués, en particulier les blocs d'isolant, seront facilement retaillés aux dimensions voulues sur site.A wall will also consist of a large number of standard elements (therefore interchangeable), almost all being used as is. In the case where the standard elements require an adaptation of their dimensions, for example when it comes to end elements, or elements arranged around the frames, then the prefabricated elements, in particular the blocks of insulation, will be easily resized to the required dimensions on site.
On limite ainsi encore plus, dans le prolongement de l'objectif atteint grâce à l'invention, le nombre de corps de métier nécessaires à la construction d'une habitation, tout en simplifiant le travail nécessaire et en requérant une variété et une quantité de matériaux moindres. This limits even more, in the extension of the objective achieved by the invention, the number of trades necessary for the construction of a home, while simplifying the work required and requiring a variety and quantity of lesser materials.
Dans une variante non représentée, on pourra également mettre en oeuvre une structure de fixation d'un parement mural comprenant à la fois des plots d'appui conformément à l'invention, et à la fois des montants verticaux conventionnels. Ces derniers pourront être fixés sur des plots d'appui, notamment par vissage ou clipsage.  In a variant not shown, it may also implement a fixing structure of a wall covering comprising both support pads according to the invention, and both conventional vertical uprights. These may be fixed on support pads, in particular by screwing or clipping.
Bien entendu, de nombreuses variantes sont possibles en fonction des circonstances, et on rappelle à cet égard que l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples décrits et représentés.  Of course, many variations are possible depending on the circumstances, and it is recalled in this regard that the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Structure de fixation d'un parement mural, le parement mural étant destiné à recouvrir un mur support (1 ) et comprenant des plaques (2) de parement, la structure de fixation comprenant deux profilés horizontaux (3, 3A, 4, 4A), l'un, inférieur (3, 3A), apte à être fixé au sol (5) ou au mur support, et l'autre, supérieur (4), apte à être fixé au plafond ou au mur support, la structure étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des plots d'appui (8, 8A) aptes à être fixés au mur support (1 ), lesdits plots d'appui (8) étant destinés à la fixation de plaques (2) de parement, au moins un plot d'appui (8) étant disposé au droit de l'emplacement de chaque jonction de deux plaques (2) de parement adjacentes. 1. Wall-cladding fixing structure, the wall facing being intended to cover a support wall (1) and comprising facing plates (2), the fixing structure comprising two horizontal sections (3, 3A, 4, 4A), one, lower (3, 3A), adapted to be fixed to the ground (5) or the support wall, and the other, upper (4), adapted to be fixed to the ceiling or the support wall, the structure being characterized in that it comprises bearing pads (8, 8A) adapted to be fixed to the support wall (1), said support pads (8) being intended for fastening facing plates (2), at least a support pad (8) being disposed in line with the location of each junction of two adjacent facing plates (2).
2. Structure selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle les plots d'appui (8, 8A) sont individualisés.  2. Structure according to claim 1, wherein the support pads (8, 8A) are individualized.
3. Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les plots d'appui (8, 8A) comprennent deux parties détachables, une première partie (80, 80A) apte soit à être fixée au mur support soit à la fixation d'une plaque de plâtre, une seconde partie (81 , 81 A) en correspondance apte soit à la fixation d'au moins une plaque (2) de parement soit à être fixée au mur support (1 ).  3. Structure according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the support pads (8, 8A) comprise two detachable parts, a first portion (80, 80A) adapted to be fixed to the support wall or to the fixation a plasterboard, a second portion (81, 81 A) in correspondence adapted either to the fixing of at least one plate (2) facing or to be fixed to the support wall (1).
4. Structure selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la première partie des plots d'appui (8) est une partie mâle (80) et comprend une surface de support (82) solidaire d'une tige filetée (84) qui coopère avec un trou taraudé (85) pratiqué dans la seconde partie ou partie femelle (81 ) correspondante, l'écartement entre la surface de support (82) de la partie mâle d'un plot d'appui (8) et la tête d'appui (86) de la partie femelle est réglable  4. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part of the bearing pads (8) is a male portion (80) and comprises a support surface (82) integral with a threaded rod (84) which cooperates with a threaded hole (85) made in the second or corresponding female part (81), the spacing between the support surface (82) of the male part of a bearing pad (8) and the head of support (86) of the female part is adjustable
5. Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la première et seconde parties sont sous forme de profilé et comportent des moyens de réglage de l'écartement entre la surface de support (82A) de la première partie des plots d'appui (8A) et la tête d'appui (86A) de la seconde partie est réglable, et un moyen de fixation (84A) de la première et seconde parties ensemble lors ou après leur réglage. 5. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first and second parts are in the form of profile and comprise means for adjusting the spacing between the support surface (82A) of the first part of bearing pads (8A) and the bearing head (86A) of the second part is adjustable, and a fastening means (84A) of the first and second parts together when or after their adjustment.
6. Structure selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la première partie comporte des dents (89A) parallèles aptes à coopérer avec des dents parallèles (86A) que comporte la seconde partie pour régler l'écartement entre la surface de support ( 82A) de la première partie des plots d'appui (8A) et la tête d'appui (86A).  6. Structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the first portion comprises parallel teeth (89A) adapted to cooperate with parallel teeth (86A) that comprises the second portion to adjust the spacing between the support surface (82A). of the first part of the support pads (8A) and the bearing head (86A).
7. Structure selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que chaque partie du plot d'appui comporte au moins deux jambes (82A, 85A, 86A, 87A) sensiblement perpendiculaires et au moins une des jambes (85A, 87A) de chaque partie comporte des dents parallèles.  7. Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that each portion of the bearing pad comprises at least two legs (82A, 85A, 86A, 87A) substantially perpendicular and at least one leg (85A, 87A) of each part comprises parallel teeth.
8. Structure selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que la ou les jambes (85A, 87A) du plot d'appui comportent des dents parallèles (89A) sur l'une et/ou l'autre surface de la ou les jambes concernées.  8. Structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the leg or legs (85A, 87A) of the bearing pad comprise parallel teeth (89A) on one and / or the other surface of the or concerned legs.
9. Structure selon la revendication 6, 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que la ou les jambes comportent en outre au moins une ouverture ou boutonnière (90A) s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction des dents parallèles (89A).  9. Structure according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the leg or legs further comprise at least one opening or buttonhole (90A) extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of the parallel teeth (89A).
10. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les plots d'appui (8,8A) sont réalisés dans un matériau polymérique ou autre matériau de synthèse.  10. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support pads (8,8A) are made of a polymeric material or other synthetic material.
1 1. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les plots d'appui (8,8A) comprennent une couche d'isolation thermique, notamment une couche d'un matériau résilient acoustique destiné à être en contact avec le mur support (1 ).  1. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support pads (8,8A) comprise a thermal insulation layer, in particular a layer of an acoustic resilient material intended to be in contact with the support wall. (1).
12. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle des cales d'épaisseur sont interposées entre les plots d'appui (8,8A) et le mur support (1).  12. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein shims are interposed between the support pads (8,8A) and the support wall (1).
13. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les plots d'appui (8,8A) sont fixés sur un système de contreventement intérieur du mur support (1). 13. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support pads (8,8A) are fixed on a bracing system inside the support wall (1).
14. Structure selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre deux profilés verticaux fixés sur le système de contreventement intérieur du mur support (1 ), un des profilés verticaux étant disposé à chaque extrémité latérale du mur support (1 ). 14. Structure according to claim 13, further comprising two vertical profiles fixed on the bracing system inside the support wall (1), one of the vertical sections being disposed at each lateral end of the support wall (1).
15. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'épaisseur des plaques (2) de parement est sensiblement égale à 2,5 millimètres et leur largeur est de préférence égale à 600 millimètres.  15. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the plates (2) facing is substantially equal to 2.5 millimeters and their width is preferably equal to 600 millimeters.
16. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'épaisseur des plaques (2) de parement est sensiblement égale à 25 millimètres et leur largeur est de préférence égale à 900 millimètres.  16. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the facing plates (2) is substantially equal to 25 millimeters and their width is preferably equal to 900 millimeters.
17. Structure selon l'une des revendications 5 à 16, caractérisée en ce que les tronçons de profilé de la première et/ou deuxième partie (80A, 81 A) des plots d'appui (8A) sont réalisés à partir d'un profilé de la même configuration que celui utilisé pour réaliser le rail supérieur (4A) et/ou inférieur (3A).  17. Structure according to one of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that the section sections of the first and / or second portion (80A, 81A) of the support pads (8A) are made from a profile of the same configuration as that used to make the upper rail (4A) and / or lower (3A).
18. Ensemble mural, comprenant une partie intérieure et une partie extérieure, la partie intérieure comprenant un système de contreventement sur lequel est fixée une structure de fixation d'un parement mural selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la partie extérieure comprenant un assemblage d'éléments (103) de type bloc en un matériau isolant thermique, les éléments (103) étant encagés dans une ossature métallique.  18. A wall assembly, comprising an inner portion and an outer portion, the inner portion comprising a bracing system to which is attached a wall facing fastening structure according to one of the preceding claims, the outer portion comprising a cladding assembly. block-type elements (103) of thermal insulating material, the elements (103) being encaged in a metal framework.
19. Ensemble mural selon la revendication 18, dans lequel le système de contreventement comprend une plaque de contreventement (104) solidaire de l'ossature métallique de la partie extérieure.  19. Wall system according to claim 18, wherein the bracing system comprises a bracing plate (104) integral with the metal frame of the outer portion.
20. Ensemble mural selon la revendication 18 ou 19, dans lequel l'ossature métallique de la partie extérieure comprend un assemblage de profilés métalliques (102).  20. The wall unit of claim 18 or 19, wherein the metal frame of the outer portion comprises an assembly of metal sections (102).
EP11752272.2A 2010-07-21 2011-07-21 Structure for attaching wall cladding and associated wall assembly Not-in-force EP2596186B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1055967A FR2963039B1 (en) 2010-07-21 2010-07-21 STRUCTURE FOR FIXING A WALL SIDE
PCT/FR2011/051769 WO2012010808A1 (en) 2010-07-21 2011-07-21 Structure for attaching wall cladding and associated wall assembly

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2596186A1 true EP2596186A1 (en) 2013-05-29
EP2596186B1 EP2596186B1 (en) 2018-12-05

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EP11752272.2A Not-in-force EP2596186B1 (en) 2010-07-21 2011-07-21 Structure for attaching wall cladding and associated wall assembly

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EP (1) EP2596186B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2963039B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012010808A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT13525U1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-02-15 Winfried Dr Kallinger Support structure for a building construction and building construction
AT513397B1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-04-15 Winfried Dr Kallinger Support structure for a building construction and building construction
FR3082543B1 (en) 2018-06-19 2021-02-12 Saint Gobain Isover SPACING DEVICE FOR FIXING A SIDING

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56105057A (en) * 1980-01-18 1981-08-21 Fukubi Kagaku Kogyo Kk Wall foundation constructing method unifying wall surface
DE3132201A1 (en) * 1981-08-14 1983-03-03 Hansdieter 6141 Einhausen Eberle Process and device for fitting panels, forming a facing covering, on walls
FR2554853B1 (en) * 1983-11-10 1986-05-23 Krieg & Zivy FIXING LEG FOR A VETURE PANEL ON A CONSTRUCTION
FR2633321B1 (en) * 1988-06-23 1993-06-18 Placoplatre Sa PROCESS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT, BETWEEN FLOOR AND CEILING, OF A PARTITION PANEL, AND SOLE SUITABLE FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A PROCESS
GB9911421D0 (en) * 1999-05-18 1999-07-14 Johnson Brian Cladding system for building
US20090126305A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Worthington Armstrong Venture Wall liner
DE202007018765U1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-20 Guido Berger Produktmanagement Gmbh Bracket for cladding elements or a substructure for cladding elements

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2012010808A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012010808A1 (en) 2012-01-26
FR2963039B1 (en) 2013-09-20
EP2596186B1 (en) 2018-12-05
FR2963039A1 (en) 2012-01-27

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