Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
  • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
  • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
  • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
  • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the doubling of wall walls or ceilings by means of facing plates or panels, in particular for the purpose of performing a thermo-acoustic doubling.
• the invention also relates to a wall structure with high mechanical performance and thermo-acoustic insulation made from prefabricated elements.
• the metal frame generally comprises two rails, one upper, fixed to the ceiling, and the other, lower, fixed to the ground.
• the lower and upper rails are fixed at regular intervals vertical uprights (which are usually metal profiles also called furs), on which we then fix the facing plates.
• the spacing between the vertical uprights corresponds to the width of the facing plates, so that each upright is disposed at the junction between two adjacent plates.
• the metal frame determines a gap between the wall and the facing plates, which is usually filled with thermal insulation such as glass wool, which is also a good sound insulation.
• intermediate spacers may be used to form an additional socket, these intermediate spacers, optionally adjustable length, being fixed to the support wall on the one hand, and the vertical uprights on the other.
• the invention aims to improve the facing structures as they are made today by simplifying their assembly, in particular in order to reduce the exposure time, but also by allowing a double saving by decreasing the quantity and cost of necessary materials.
• the invention relates to a fastening structure of a wall facing, the wall facing being intended to cover a support wall and comprising facing plates, the fastening structure comprising two horizontal rails, one, lower, adapted to be fixed to the floor or to the support wall, and the other, upper, adapted to be fixed to the ceiling or the support wall, the structure being characterized in that support pads are able to be fixed to the support wall, said support pads being intended for fastening facing plates, at least one bearing pad being disposed in line with the location of each junction of two adjacent facing plates.
• the support pads are individualized.
• a portion of the support pads form groups of two to four support pads.
• the support pads comprise two detachable parts, a first part adapted either to be fixed to the support wall or to the fixing of at least one gypsum board, a second part adapted in correspondence or to the attachment of at least one facing plate is to be fixed to the support wall.
• the first part of the support pads is a male part and comprises a support surface integral with a threaded rod which cooperates with a threaded hole made in the second part or corresponding female part, the spacing between the support surface (82) of the male part of a bearing pad and the bearing head of the female part is adjustable.
• the first and second parts are in the form of a profile and comprise means for adjusting the spacing between the support surface of the first part of the bearing pads and the bearing head of the second part is adjustable, and a means for fixing the first and second parts together when or after their adjustment.
• the first and second legs of the first portion and the second portion of a bearing pad are substantially perpendicular to each other.
• At least one of the portions of the support pads may be in the form of a square and in practice the first and second parts are in the form of a square.
• the length of the legs of the first and / or second parts may be the same but preferably the length of the first leg which includes the support surface or the support head is less than the length of the second leg.
• the respective contacting surfaces of the first part with the second part may comprise parallel teeth which cooperate and facilitate the adjustment of the position of the support surface relative to the bearing head and consequently the spacing of the facing plate from the support wall.
• the fixing means may comprise a bolt, screw, rivet or other capable of clamping the second legs against each other and to ensure the relative positioning of the second legs relative to each other and consequently the position of the support surface relative to the support head.
• one and / or the other of the second legs are provided with openings or buttonholes extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of any teeth.
• openings for receiving the fastening means may be made in the section sections, either during their manufacture or at the time of assembly.
• the opposite surfaces of the second legs may be provided with a plurality of teeth substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the general plane of the first and second legs of the part.
• a plurality of teeth may also be provided on the first leg of one and / or the other of the portions of the support pads.
• a plurality of teeth may be provided on one and / or the other surface of the first leg of one and / or other of the parts of the support pads and preferably on one and the other opposite surfaces of the first leg.
• first and / or second portions of the support pads may consist of section sections in the form of a square.
• the lower and upper horizontal rails may consist of a profile in the form of a square.
• the upper and lower horizontal rails can be made of the same profile in the form of a square that the profile sections of the first and second parts of the support pads.
• the profiles of the upper and lower rails on the one hand and section sections can be made from the same profile including polymeric material.
• the facing plates can be fixed to the support pads by screwing or gluing.
• the support pads may be made of synthetic materials, such as polymeric materials.
• the support pads may comprise a sound insulation layer, in particular a layer of an acoustic resilient material on the contact surface intended to be in contact with the support wall.
• shims may be interposed between the support pads, and more particularly their contact surface and the support wall.
• the support pads can be fixed on a bracing system, on the inside of the support wall.
• the structure may further comprise two vertical profiles attached to the bracing system inside the support wall, one of the vertical sections being disposed at each lateral end of the support wall.
• the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 12.5 millimeters and their width is preferably equal to 600 millimeters.
• the thickness of the facing plates may be substantially equal to 25 millimeters and their width may preferably be equal to 900 millimeters.
• the invention also relates to a wall assembly, comprising an inner portion and an outer portion, the inner portion may comprise a bracing system on which is fixed a wall facing attachment structure as defined above, the outer portion may comprise an assembly of block-type elements of a thermal insulating material, the elements being encaged in a metal frame.
• the bracing system may include a bracing plate integral with the metal frame of the outer portion.
• the metal frame of the outer portion of the wall assembly may comprise an assembly of metal sections.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a first embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
• FIGS. 2 and 3 are two exploded perspective views of a support stud used to make the structure of FIG. 1;
• FIGS. 4 and 5 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly and the attachment of a support pad, according to the first embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wall facing fixed by means of a structure according to a second embodiment of the invention, the layer of insulating material between the facing plate and the support wall being partially torn off ;
• FIG. 7 and 8 are detailed perspective views, respectively of the constitution of a wall assembly
• FIG. 9 is a detail view of the attachment of a bearing pad, according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a bearing pad according to the second embodiment.
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a support pad according to a variant of the second embodiment.
• Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention.
• Figure 6 similar to Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of a doubling of which the facing plates are attached to a structure according to the invention.
• the structure is intended to cover a support wall 1, which may be any type of wall wall: blocks, bricks, tiles, or, preferably, as will be described below, the inner surface a bracing system for a high thermal performance wall made of prefabricated insulation blocks.
• the visible portion (of the interior of the room) of the doubling is constituted by the facing, which is made by facing juxtaposition facing plates 2, typically plasterboard.
• These facing plates are fixed to the fastening structure which comprises, according to the invention, two horizontal profiles 3, 4, 3A, 4A or rails, one, lower 3, 3A fixed to the ground 5 or to the support wall, and the other, upper 4, fixed to the ceiling to the support wall, in a manner known per se at regular intervals by screws (not shown).
• the rails or profiles 3,4, 3A, 4A can be attached to the support wall.
• the fixing structure is completed by a plurality of support pads 8, 8A, such as for example that shown in Figures 2 and 3 or that shown in Figure 10
• the facing plates are fixed to the support wall 1 directly on the support pads 8, 8A (without interposing uprights).
• Support pads 8, 8A are arranged at regular intervals, at the right of each junction between two adjacent plates. Intermediate studs may also be arranged between the vertical edges of the same facing plate as illustrated.
• each support pad 8, 8A is fixed to the support wall 1 on the one hand, and to a facing plate, or to two or more plates together, on the other hand.
• a layer of an insulating material 7, for example made of glass wool or rockwool, is disposed between the support wall 1 and the facing plates 2.
• the support pads are of fixed length and may be monoblock or made in two or more pieces.
• the support pads 8, 8A are of adjustable length, which has the advantage of being able to ensure a constant spacing between the facing and the support wall, but also to compensate for irregularities the wall support if necessary.
• the support pads are advantageously made in two or more parts.
• support pads 8, 8A are made in two detachable parts as shown in Figures 2 and 3 on the one hand and in Figure 10 on the other hand.
• such a bearing pad 8, 8A comprises a first portion 80, 80A intended to be fixed either to the support wall 1 or to the facing plates 2, and a second portion 81, 81 A intended to be fixed in correspondence either with the
• the first portion 80, 80A comprises a support surface 82, 82A preferably flat, intended to be in contact with the support wall.
• the fixing of the support surface 82, 82A to the support wall 1 may be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes 83, which can be provided in the latter case.
• the second part comprises a bearing head 86, 86A preferably flat and intended to be fixed to one, and normally two or more facing plates.
• the first part of the bearing pad is a male part 80 and the second part is a female part 81.
• the support surface 82 is integral with a threaded rod 84 of the male part to cooperate with a threaded hole 85 present on the female portion 81 of the stud.
• the threaded hole is made in the bearing head 86.
• the cooperation by screwing between the male 80 and female 81 of a stud 8 has several advantages: this makes the installation very simple and makes it possible to make the spacing between the support surface of the male part and the bearing head of the female part easily adjustable (in the case where the support pad is not fixed length), simply by screwing more or less the latter. Alternatively, it will be possible to use any type of mechanical connection between the male part and the female part, preferably those allowing adjustment of the spacing (for example: a ring integral with the female part sliding on a notched pin secured to the male part ).
• the bearing head 86 of the female part of the support pads have a flat free surface, to allow the attachment of plates, in particular by screwing or gluing.
• FIGS. 6 to 10 A second embodiment of the dissociable and adjustable bearing pad is illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10.
• the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pads 8A consist of sections of profile.
• Such section sections of a support pad are in practice of the same width (corresponding to the direction of the width of the facing plates) or horizontally as illustrated.
• the profile used to make the first part 80A of a support pad may advantageously be used to make the second part 81A.
• the section section 80A, 81A comprises at least one first leg 82A, 86A substantially perpendicular to a second leg 85A, 87A.
• These legs 82A, 86A, 85A, 87A are in practice of the same width although alternatively, they may be of different widths.
• These legs 82A, 85A of the first part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated.
• legs 86A, 87A of the second part may be of the same length or preferably of different length as illustrated.
• first leg 82A, 86A of the profile section which defines either the support surface of the first part 80A, or the bearing head of the second part 81A, intended to be fixed to normally two facing plates for contact with the support wall is shorter than the second legs 85A, 87A which are intended to be clamped against each other by a fastening means 84A.
• the length of the first leg 82A, 86A is about half the length of the second leg 85A, 87A.
• the fixing of the support surface 82A to the support wall 1 can be done in particular by gluing or screwing, fixing holes (not shown) can be provided in the first leg 82A in the latter case .
• the second part 81A comprises a bearing head 86A for the support and fixing by screwing or the facing plates.
• a plurality of substantially rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the width direction of the second legs and are present on at least one transverse area of the contact surface of the second legs of the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the support pad.
• These teeth 89A can extend over the entire width of the second leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, on only part of the width of one and / or the other of the second leg 85A, 87A.
• these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of the first and second parts of the support pad as illustrated in FIG. 10.
• the profile from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same.
• the sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A extending perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth. It will be understood that the dimension of the zone of teeth perpendicular to them determines the degree of possible adjustment of the distance between the contact surface 82A and the contact head 86A and thus the spacing of the facing plates from the support wall and therefore the empty space intended to receive the layer of insulating material 7.
• a plurality of practically rectilinear and parallel teeth 89A extend in the direction of the width of the second and first legs and are present on at least one zone. transverse of the contact surface of the legs of the first and second parts 80A, 81A of the support pad.
• These teeth 89A may extend over the entire width of the second and / or the first leg 85A, 87A as illustrated, or only a part of the width of one and / or the other of the second or the first leg 85A, 87A.
• these teeth may be provided on at least one transverse area of the surface opposite to the contact surface of one and / or the other of the second and / or the first leg of the first and second parts of the stud. 'support.
• the section from which the first and second portions 80A, 81A of the contact pad is made could be the same.
• the sections may also include elongated or buttonhole openings 90A which extend perpendicularly to the direction of the teeth 89A in one and / or other of the legs of the parts and may, as illustrated, traverse and interrupt these teeth and which are adapted to receive fastening means for fixing the desired relative position of the parts of the bearing pad.
• This variant of the second embodiment increases the possibilities of assembling the first and second parts of the support pad when one of the legs, for example the first leg is shorter than the second leg, or vice versa.
• the contact surface of the first part may be on a shorter or longer leg and on the "inner” surface of the leg “opposite” the other leg or on the “outer” surface of the leg “The opposite of” the other leg.
• the same goes for the other part of the support pad.
• An example is shown in Figure 11 where the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A is in contact and attached to the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A in favor of the teeth 89A of the inner surface of the second leg 85A of the first portion 80A and the inner surface of the first leg 86A of the second portion 81A.
• the contact surfaces of the second leg of the first and second parts in the second embodiment of Figure 10 or the contact surfaces of the second or first leg of the first and second parts of the variant of FIG. 11, with the aid of the teeth 89A are tightened against each other by a fixing means 84A and in particular a bolt passing through the opening or 90A buttonhole associated with a nut.
• a fixing means 84A and in particular a bolt passing through the opening or 90A buttonhole associated with a nut.
• other fixing means may be adopted such as rigid or elastic rivets, or screws and therefore the fastening means do not imply the presence of openings or buttonholes at the time of manufacture of profiles or sections of profiles, perforation second legs through their respective contact surface that can be made at the time of assembly.
• one and in practice the two section sections can advantageously be in the form of a square as illustrated.
• This second embodiment has the advantages of simple assembly and adjustment of the first embodiment. But the second embodiment allows the realization of the two parts of the support pad from profiles and preferably from the same profile which can be in the form of a square. In addition the same profile can be used to form the upper and / or lower rails 4A, 3A. The possible presence of teeth 89A and / or openings or buttonholes 90A for the adjustment and attachment of sections of profile intended to form the support pads does not prevent their operation to form upper and / or lower rails. Furthermore, the profile sections can be pre-cut and delivered to the site or cut from profiles delivered to form the profiles or upper and / or lower rails.
• the support pads will advantageously be made of synthetic materials having a good quality of acoustic insulation, including polymeric or polymeric materials.
• the materials used may be different for the first and second parts to further limit the propagation of acoustic waves.
• the number of support pads at the junctions between two adjacent facing plates will in particular be a function of the size of the facing plates used and / or the height required for the doubling structure, for example from one to three studs. support on the same vertical line.
• additional support pads may be arranged between the vertical lines formed by the plate junctions, in order to obtain the necessary mechanical strength and avoid any undesirable deformation of the doubling structure. For example, for a height of conventional facing of a living room (between 2.20 and 2.80 meters), very satisfactory results are obtained in the following configurations:
• the fastening structure providing a satisfactory resistance will be composed of the lower and upper rails, completed with support pads arranged at regular intervals of 600 millimeters, and at a substantially median height (for example at about 1.30 meters from the ground).
• a substantially median height for example at about 1.30 meters from the ground.
• the fastening structure of the facing may in certain cases be completed by two vertical sections, each arranged at a lateral end of the support wall, and fixed for example to the internal bracing system, in particular when the latter consists of a bracing plate .
• the doubling structure according to the invention also has the advantage of improving the acoustic and thermal performance compared to known embodiments, in particular through the removal of the vertical wire frame, which is here replaced by discrete supports.
• the use of polymeric materials to make the support pads further improves the insulation qualities with respect to the use of metal, which is a very poor thermal and acoustic insulation.
• the deletion, according to the invention, of the vertical metal uprights also facilitates the laying of the layer of insulating material and the passage of different types of ducts or ducts (electrical cables, water pipes, heating, etc.)
• the reduction of the number of supports and their discretization also makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary fixing points and thus the time necessary for the fixing of the facing.
• this result is directly quantifiable by the number of screws used for fixing a plate: thus, thanks to a fastening structure according to the invention, it is possible to use only 8 to 10 screws per plate, while conventional systems require 20 to 30 screws per plate.
• the support wall 1 takes the form of a structure comprising elementary blocks 103, or bricks, of a thermal insulating material (including expanded polystyrene) caged in a metal frame of profiles 102 (for example "H" shaped construction profiles, which can advantageously substitute "U” sections assembled and bolted two by two).
• a thermal insulating material including expanded polystyrene
• a metal frame of profiles 102 for example "H" shaped construction profiles, which can advantageously substitute "U” sections assembled and bolted two by two.
• ITE external thermal insulation
• bracing system such as a bracing plate 104.
• the cladding fastening structure according to the invention is thus reported directly on the bracing plate 104.
• a wall will also consist of a large number of standard elements (therefore interchangeable), almost all being used as is.
• the standard elements require an adaptation of their dimensions, for example when it comes to end elements, or elements arranged around the frames, then the prefabricated elements, in particular the blocks of insulation, will be easily resized to the required dimensions on site.
• it may also implement a fixing structure of a wall covering comprising both support pads according to the invention, and both conventional vertical uprights. These may be fixed on support pads, in particular by screwing or clipping.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Connection Of Plates (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-07-21 FR FR1055967A patent/FR2963039B1/fr active Active
• 2011
  • 2011-07-21 EP EP11752272.2A patent/EP2596186B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-07-21 WO PCT/FR2011/051769 patent/WO2012010808A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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