EP2589676B1 - Abrasion-resistant steel plate or sheet with excellent weld toughness and delayed fracture resistance - Google Patents

Abrasion-resistant steel plate or sheet with excellent weld toughness and delayed fracture resistance Download PDF

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EP2589676B1
EP2589676B1 EP11801027.1A EP11801027A EP2589676B1 EP 2589676 B1 EP2589676 B1 EP 2589676B1 EP 11801027 A EP11801027 A EP 11801027A EP 2589676 B1 EP2589676 B1 EP 2589676B1
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steel plate
less
toughness
abrasion resistant
steel
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EP2589676A4 (en
EP2589676A1 (en
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Keiji Ueda
Shinichi Suzuki
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an abrasion resistant steel plate or steel sheet having a plate thickness of 4 mm or more preferably used in construction machines, industrial machines, shipbuilding, steel pipes, civil engineering, architecture or the like, and more particularly to an abrasion resistant steel plate or steel sheet which exhibits excellent weld toughness and excellent delayed fracture resistance.
  • the abrasion resistant steel plate exhibits high cold cracking susceptibility so that the steel plate exhibits inferior weld toughness in general whereby when the abrasion resistant steel plate is used in obtaining the welded steel structure, in general, the abrasion resistant steel plate is laminated to a surface of a steel member which is brought into contact with rock, soil and sand or the like as a liner.
  • a vessel of a damped motor lorry there has been known a case where the vessel is assembled by welding using mild steel and, thereafter, an abrasion resistant steel plate is laminated to only a front surface of the vessel which is brought into contact with earth and sand.
  • Patent document 1 relates to an abrasion resistant steel plate which exhibits excellent delayed fracture resistance and a method of manufacturing the abrasion resistant steel plate.
  • steel which further contains one, two or more kinds of components selected from a group consisting of Cu, V, Ti, B and Ca in the composition of a type containing low-Si, low-P, low-S, Cr, Mo and Nb is subjected to direct quenching (hereinafter also referred to as DQ), and tempering is performed when necessary.
  • DQ direct quenching
  • Patent document 2 relates to steel having high abrasion resistant property and a method of manufacturing a steel product.
  • steel which has the composition composed of a 0.24 to 0.3C-Ni, Cr, Mo, B system, satisfies a parameter formula constituted of contents of these elements, and includes martensite containing 5 to 15 volume% of austenite or martensitic structure and bainitic structure thus enhancing abrasion resistant property.
  • Patent document 2 also describes that the steel having the above-mentioned components is cooled at a cooling rate of 1°C/sec or more at a temperature between an austenitizing temperature and 450°C.
  • Patent document 3 relates to an abrasion resistant steel material which exhibits excellent toughness and excellent delayed fracture resistance and a method of manufacturing the abrasion resistant steel material.
  • a steel material which has the composition containing Cr, Ti, and B as indispensable components, wherein a surface layer is formed of tempered martensite, an internal part is formed of tempered martensite and tempered lower bainitic structure, and an aspect ratio of prior austenite grain diameter between the wall thickness direction and the rolling direction is defined.
  • Patent document 3 also describes that the steel having the content composition is subject to hot rolling at a temperature of 900°C or below and at a cumulative reduction ratio of 50% or more and, thereafter, is directly quenched and tempered.
  • Patent document 4 relates to an abrasion resistant steel material which exhibits excellent toughness and excellent delayed fracture resistance and a method of manufacturing the abrasion resistant steel material.
  • a steel material which has the composition containing Cr, Ti and B as indispensable components, wherein a surface layer is formed of martensite, and an internal part is formed of the mixed structure of martensite and lower bainitic structure or lower bainitic single-phase structure, and an elongation rate of prior austenite grains expressed by an aspect ratio between prior austenite grain diameter at a plate thickness center portion and prior austenite grain diameter in the rolling direction is defined.
  • Patent document 4 also describes that the steel having the composition is subjected to hot rolling at a temperature of 900°C or below and at a cumulative reduction ratio of 50% or more and, thereafter, is directly quenched.
  • Patent document 5 relates to abrasion resistant steel which exhibits excellent weldability, excellent abrasion resistant property and excellent corrosion resistance, and a method of manufacturing the abrasion resistant steel.
  • steel which contains 4 to 9 mass% of Cr as an indispensable element, contains one kind or two kinds of Cu and Ni and satisfies a parameter formula constituted of contents of specific components.
  • Patent document 5 also describes that the steel having the composition is subjected to hot rolling at a temperature of 950°C or below and at a cumulative reduction ratio of 30% or more and, thereafter, the steel is reheated at a temperature of Ac3 or more and is quenched.
  • Patent Document 9 describes an abrasion resistant steel having a high toughness .
  • the steel has a composition containing, by mass%, 0.23 to 0.28% C, > 0.50 to 1.20% Si, 0.80 to 1.50% Mn, ⁇ 0.015% P, ⁇ 0.004% S, 0.20 to 1.20% Cr, 0.01 to 0.05% Nb, 0.0005 to 0.0025% B, 0.01 to 0.10% sol.Al, preferably containing one or two kinds selected from the groups of 0.05 to 1.00% Cu, 0.05 to 1.00% Ni, 0.05 to 1.00% Mo, 0.02 to 0.10% V, 0.005 to 0.05% Ti and ⁇ 0.05% Zr, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities and furthermore satisfying Mn ⁇ 25.4 ⁇ Nb/(C+0.64Si) + 0.60.
  • the most serious problem relating to the lowering of toughness when a steel material is welded is the deterioration of toughness at a bond area of a fusion line.
  • the deterioration of toughness which is referred to as low-temperature tempering embrittlement arises as a problem also in a welded heat affected zone (hereinafter also referred to as HAZ) reheated to a temperature around 300°C which is away from the fusion line. It is thought that low-temperature tempering embrittlement is brought about by a synergistic action between a morphology change of carbide in martensite and the intergranular segregation of impurity elements or the like.
  • Patent documents 1 and 2 fail to describe the enhancement of weld toughness in the abrasion resistant steel, and patent documents 3 and 4 also define the microstructure aiming at the enhancement of toughness of a base material.
  • patent document 5 studies weldability and abrasion resistant property of a weld, the study does not aim at the enhancement of weld toughness. That is, the abrasion resistant steels proposed in patent documents 1 to 5 and the like are less than optimal with respect to the improvement of both weld toughness and delayed fracture resistance.
  • weld toughness means toughness of a welded heat affected zone
  • the excellent weld toughness means particularly that the toughness is excellent in a bond area and a low-temperature tempering embrittlement temperature area.
  • inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies on various factors which determine chemical components of a steel plate, a method of manufacturing the steel plate and the microstructure of the steel plate so as to secure weld toughness and delayed fracture resistance with respect to an abrasion resistant steel plate, and have made following findings.
  • the present invention has been made by further studying the above-mentioned findings. That is, the present invention is directed to:
  • the present invention it is possible to acquire the abrasion resistant steel plate having excellent weld toughness and excellent delayed fracture resistance.
  • the present invention largely contributes to the enhancement of manufacturing efficiency and safety at the time of manufacturing a steel structure thus acquiring an industrially remarkable effect.
  • the present invention defines the composition and the microstructure.
  • % indicates mass%
  • C is an important element for increasing hardness of martensite and for allowing the steel plate to secure the excellent abrasion resistant property. It is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.20% or more C to acquire such effects. On the other hand, when the content of C exceeds 0.30%, not only weldability is deteriorated but also toughness of a bond area and toughness of a low-temperature tempering region are deteriorated. Accordingly, content of C is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.20 to 0. 30%. The content of C is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.20 to 0.28%.
  • Si acts as a deoxidizing agent, and not only Si is necessary for steel making but also Si has an effect of increasing hardness of a steel plate by solid solution strengthening where Si is present in steel in a solid solution state. Further, Si has an effect of suppressing the deterioration of toughness in a tempering embrittlement area of a welded heat affected zone. It is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.05% or more Si to acquire such an effect. On the other hand, when the content of Si exceeds 1.0%, toughness of the welded heat affected zone is remarkably deteriorated. Accordingly, the content of Si is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.05 to 1.0%. The content of Si is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.07 to 0.5%.
  • Mn has an effect of increasing hardenability of steel, and it is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.40% or more Mn to secure hardness of a base material.
  • the content of Mn exceeds 1.2%, not only toughness, ductility and weldability of the base material are deteriorated, but also intergranular segregation of P is accelerated thus accelerating the generation of delayed fracture. Accordingly, the content of Mn is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.40 to 1.2%.
  • the content of Mn is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.40 to 1.1%.
  • an upper limit of the content of P is set to 0.010% and it is desirable that the content of P is set as small as possible. Since the excessive reduction of P pushes up a refining cost and becomes economically disadvantageous, the content of P is desirably set to 0.002% or more.
  • S deteriorates low-temperature toughness and ductility of a base material and hence, the content of S is desirably set small with an allowable upper limit of 0.005%.
  • Cr is an important alloy element in the present invention, and has an effect of increasing hardenability of steel and also has an effect of suppressing the deterioration of toughness in the tempering embrittlement area of the welded heat affected zone. This is because the inclusion of Cr delays the diffusion of C in the steel plate and hence, when the steel plate is reheated to a temperature region where the low-temperature tempering embrittlement occurs, morphology change of carbide in martensite can be suppressed. It is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.40% or more of Cr to acquire such an effect. On the other hand, when the content of Cr exceeds 1.5%, the effect is saturated so that not only does it become economically disadvantageous but also weldability is lowered. Accordingly, the content of Cr is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.40 to 1.5%. The content of Cr is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.40 to 1.2%.
  • Nb is an important element having both an effect of improving toughness of the welded heat affected zone and an effect of suppressing the occurrence of delayed fracture by making the microstructure of the base material and the welded heat affected zone finer by causing the precipitation of carbonitride and also by fixing solid solution N. It is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.0050% or more Nb to acquire such effects. On the other hand, when the content of Nb exceeds 0.025%, coarse carbonitride precipitates and there may be a case where the coarse carbonitride becomes an initiation point of fracture. Accordingly, the content of Nb is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.005 to 0.025%. The content of Nb is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.007 to 0.023%.
  • Ti has an effect of suppressing grains in the bond area from becoming coarse by forming TiN due to fixing of solid solution N, and also has an effect of suppressing the deterioration of toughness and the occurrence of delayed fracture in the low-temperature tempering temperature region due to the decrease of solid solution N. It is necessary for the steel plate to contain 0.005% or more Ti to acquire such effects. On the other hand, when the content of Ti exceeds 0.03%, TiC precipitates so that toughness of the base material is deteriorated. Accordingly, the content of Ti is limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.005 to 0.03%. The content of Ti is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.007 to 0.025%.
  • Al acts as a deoxidizing agent and is most popularly used in a molten steel deoxidizing process of a steel plate. Further, by forming AlN by fixing solid solution N in steel, Al has an effect of suppressing grains in a bond area from becoming coarse and an effect of suppressing the deterioration of toughness and the occurrence of delayed fracture in a low-temperature tempering temperature region due to the reduction of solid solution N. On the other hand, when the content of Al exceeds 0.1%, Al is mixed into weld metal at the time of welding thus deteriorating toughness of weld metal. Accordingly, the content of Al is limited to 0.1% or less. The content of Al is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.01 to 0.07%.
  • N forms a nitride with Nb or Ti, and has an effect of suppressing grains of welded heat affected zone from becoming coarse.
  • the content of N exceeds 0.01%, toughness of a base material and weld toughness is remarkably lowered and hence, the content of N is limited to 0.01% or less .
  • the content of N is preferably limited to a value which falls within a range from 0.0010 to 0.0070%.
  • a balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  • the steel plate may contain one, two or more kinds of components selected from a group consisting of Mo, W, Cu, Ni, V, REM, Ca and Mg.
  • Mo is an element effective for remarkably increasing hardenability thus increasing hardness of a base material.
  • the content of Mo may preferably be 0.05% or more for acquiring such an effect.
  • Mo adversely influences toughness, ductility and weld crack resistance of the base material. Accordingly, the content of Mo is set to 1.0% or less.
  • W is an element effective for remarkably increasing hardenability thus increasing hardness of a base material.
  • the content of W may preferably be 0.05% or more for acquiring such an effect.
  • W adversely influences toughness, ductility and weld crack resistance of the base material. Accordingly, the content of W is set to 1.0% or less.
  • All of Cu, Ni and V are elements which contribute to the enhancement of strength of steel, and the steel plate may contain proper amounts of Cu, Ni, V depending on strength which the steel plate requires.
  • Cu is an element effective for increasing hardenability thus increasing hardness of the base material.
  • the content of Cu may preferably be 0.1% or more for acquiring such an effect.
  • the content of Cu exceeds 1.5%, the effect is saturated and Cu causes hot brittleness thus deteriorating surface property of a steel plate. Accordingly, the content of Cu is set to 1.5% or less.
  • Ni is an element effective for increasing hardenability thus increasing hardness of the base material.
  • the content of Ni may preferably be 0.1% or more for acquiring such an effect. However, when the content of Ni exceeds 2.0%, the effect is saturated so that it becomes economically disadvantageous. Accordingly, the content of Ni is set to 2.0% or less.
  • V is an element effective for increasing hardenability thus increasing hardness of the base material.
  • the content of V may preferably be 0.01% or more for acquiring such an effect.
  • the content of V exceeds 0.1%, toughness and ductility of the base material is deteriorated. Accordingly, the content of V is set to 0.1% or less.
  • All of REM, Ca and Mg contribute to the enhancement of toughness, and these elements are selectively added corresponding to properties which the steel plate desires.
  • the content of REM may preferably be 0.002% or more.
  • an upper limit of REM is set to 0.008%.
  • the content of Ca may preferably be 0.0005% or more.
  • an upper limit of Ca is set to 0.005%.
  • the content of Mg may preferably be 0.001% or more.
  • an upper limit of Mg is set to 0.005%.
  • DI * 33.85 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ C 0.5 ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ Si + 1 ⁇ 3.33 ⁇ Mn + 1 ⁇ 0.35 ⁇ Cu + 1 ⁇ 0.36 ⁇ Ni + 1 ⁇ 2.16 ⁇ Cr + 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ Mo + 1 ⁇ 1.75 ⁇ V + 1 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ W + 1 wherein the respective element symbols are contents (mass%) of the elements.
  • This parameter DI*(hardenability index) is defined to form the base structure of the base material into martensite thus imparting excellent abrasion resistant property to the base structure within the range of the above-mentioned composition, and a value of the parameter is set to 45 or more.
  • a quenching depth from a surface layer in the plate thickness direction becomes less than 10 mm and hence, a lifetime of the steel plate as the abrasion resistant steel plate is shortened.
  • the value DI* of the parameter exceeds 180, the base structure of the base material is martensite and hence, the base structure exhibits favorable abrasion resistant property.
  • the value of the parameter DI* is preferably set to 180 or less.
  • the value of the parameter DI* is more preferably set to a value which falls within a range from 50 to 160. C + Mn / 4 ⁇ Cr / 3 + 10 ⁇ P ⁇ 0.47 wherein the respective element symbols are contents (mass%) of the elements.
  • a value of the parameter: C+Mn/4-Cr/3+10P is set to 0.47 or less within a range of the above-mentioned composition.
  • the value of parameter may preferably be 0.45 or less.
  • a base phase or a main phase of the microstructure of a steel plate is defined to martensite.
  • the structure such as bainite or ferrite other than martensite lowers abrasion resistant property and hence, it is preferable not to mix such structure into martensite as much as possible.
  • a total area ratio of these structures is less than 10%, the influence exerted by these structures can be ignored.
  • surface hardness of the steel plate is less than 400 HBW10/3000 in Brinell hardness, a lifetime of the steel plate as abrasion resistant steel is shortened. Accordingly, it is desirable to set the surface hardness to 400 HBW10/3000 or more in Brinell hardness.
  • the microstructure of the bond area is the mixed structure of martensite and bainite.
  • the structure such as ferrite other than martensite and bainite lowers abrasion resistant property and hence, it is preferable not to mix such structure as much as possible. However, when a total area ratio of these structures is less than 20%, the influence exerted by these structures can be ignored.
  • carbonitride particles of Nb and Ti having an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less are present at a rate of 1000 pieces/mm 2 or more, an average particle size of prior austenite is less than 200 ⁇ m, and an average particle size of lower microstructure surrounded by a large tilt grain boundary having a radial hook of 15° or more is less than 70 ⁇ m.
  • the abrasion resistant steel according to the present invention can be manufactured under the following manufacturing conditions.
  • the indication "°C" relating to temperature means temperature at 1/2 position of a plate thickness. It is preferable that a molten steel having the above-mentioned composition is produced by a known molten steel producing method, and the molten steel is formed into a raw steel material such as a slab having a predetermined size by a continuous casting process or an ingot-making/blooming method.
  • the obtained raw steel material is immediately subjected to hot rolling without cooling or is subjected to hot rolling following heating at a temperature of 950 to 1250°C after cooling thus obtaining a steel plate having a desired plate thickness.
  • hot rolling water cooling is performed or quenching is performed after reheating. Thereafter, when necessary, tempering is performed at a temperature of 300°C or below.
  • the surface hardness measurement was carried out on each steel plate in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2243 (1998) for measuring surface hardness below a surface layer (hardness of a surface measured after removing scales on the surface layer).
  • tungsten hard balls having a diameter of 10 mm were used, and a load was set to 3000 kgf.
  • a V notch test specimen was sampled from each steel plate in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction at a position away from a surface of the steel plate by 1/4 of a plate thickness in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2202 (1998), and a Charpy impact test was carried out at three respective temperatures with respect to each steel plate in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2242(1998), and absorbed energy at a test temperature of 0°C was obtained, and base-material toughness is evaluated.
  • the test temperature of 0°C was selected by taking the use of the steel plate in a warm area into consideration.
  • the steel plate where an average of three absorbed energies (also referred to as vE 0 ) at the test temperature of 0°C was 30 J or more was determined as the steel plate having excellent base-material toughness (within the scope of the present invention).
  • a rubber wheel abrasion test was carried out on each steel plate in accordance with the stipulation of ASTM G65. The test was carried out by using specimens each having a size of 10 mmt (t: plate thickness) ⁇ 75 mmw (w: width) ⁇ 20 mmL (L: length) (t (plate thickness) ⁇ 75 mmw ⁇ 20 mmL when the plate thickness is less than 10 mmt), and by using abrasive sands made of 100% SiO 2 as an abrasive material.
  • a weight of the specimen was measured before and after the test, and wear of the specimen was measured.
  • the test result was evaluated based on an abrasion resistance rate: (wear of soft steel plate)/(wear of each steel plate) using the wear of soft steel plate (SS400) as the reference (1.0). This means that the larger the abrasion resistance rate, the more excellent the abrasion resistant property becomes, and with respect to the scope of the present invention, the steel plate which exhibited the abrasion resistance rate of 4.0 or more was determined excellent.
  • the welding method was shielded metal arc welding (welding material: LB52UL (4.0 mm ⁇ )), wherein a heat input was 17 kJ/cm, and welding of 3 layers and 6 passes was carried out. After welding, the specimen was left at a room temperature for 48 hours and, thereafter, 5 pieces of weld cross-sectional observation samples (bead length 200 mm being equally divided by 5) were sampled from the test plate, and the presence or non-presence of occurrence of cracks in a welded heat affected zone was investigated by a projector and an optical microscope.
  • a bond area and a low-temperature tempering embrittlement area when one pass CO 2 gas shielded arc welding with a welding heat input of 17 kJ/cm is performed were simulated.
  • the bond area was held at 1400°C for 1 second and was cooled at a cooling rate of 30°C/s from 800 to 200°C.
  • the low-temperature tempering embrittlement area was held at a temperature of 300°C for 1 second and was cooled at a cooling rate of 5°C/s from 300 to 100°C.
  • a square bar test specimen sampled in the rolling direction was subjected to the above-mentioned heat cycle by a high-frequency induction heating device and, thereafter, a V notch Charpy impact test was carried out in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2242 (1998) .
  • the V notch Charpy impact test was carried out with respect to three specimens for each steel plate while setting a test temperature at 0°C.
  • V notch Charpy impact test of the actual weld joint was carried out using three specimens for each test temperature while setting the test temperature at 0°C.
  • the steel plate where an average value of three absorbed energies (vE 0 ) is 30 J or more was determined as the steel plate having excellent bond area toughness (within the scope of the present invention).
  • Table 2 shows manufacturing conditions of steel plates used in the test
  • Table 3 shows the results of the above-mentioned respective tests.
  • the present invention examples (steels No. 1 and 3) and comparison examples (steels No. 2, 4 and 5) had the surface hardness of 400 HBW10/3000 or more, exhibited excellent abrasion resistant property, and had base-material toughness of 30 J or more at 0°C. Further, no cracks occured in the T shape fillet weld cracking test, and the present invention examples had excellent toughness also with respect to the synthetic heat-affected zone test and the actual weld and hence, it was confirmed that the present invention examples exhibited excellent weld toughness.
  • comparison examples (steels No. 6 to 14) whose compositions were outside the scope of the present invention, it was confirmed that the comparison examples could not satisfy targeted performances with respect to any one or a plurality of properties and tests among surface hardness, abrasion resistant property, the T shape fillet weld cracking test, base-material toughness, the reproduced heat cycle Charpy impact test, the Charpy impact test of the actual weld joint.
  • the surface hardness measurement was carried out in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2243(1998) thus measuring surface hardness below a surface layer (hardness of a surface measured after removing scales on the surface layer) .
  • tungsten hard balls having a diameter of 10 mm were used, and a load was set to 3000 kgf.
  • a V notch test specimen was sampled from each steel plate in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction at a position away from a surface of the steel plate by 1/4 of a plate thickness in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2202 (1998), and a Charpy impact test was carried out at three respective temperatures with respect to each steel plate in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2242(1998), and absorbed energy at test temperatures of 0°C and -40°C were obtained, and base-material toughness was evaluated.
  • the test temperature of 0°C was selected by taking the use of the steel plate in a warm region into consideration
  • the test temperature of -40°C was selected by taking the use of the steel plate in a cold region into consideration.
  • V notch Charpy specimens having a sub size (5 mm ⁇ 10 mm) were sampled and were subjected to a Charpy impact test.
  • the steel plate where an average value of three absorbed energies (vE 0 ) was 15 J or more and an average value of three absorbed energies (vE -40 ) was 13 J or more was determined as the steel plate having excellent base-material toughness (within the scope of the present invention).
  • a rubber wheel abrasion test was carried out in accordance with the stipulation of ASTM G65. The test was carried out by using a specimen having a size of 10 mmt (t: plate thickness) ⁇ 75 mmw (w: width) ⁇ 20 mmL (L: length) (t (plate thickness) ⁇ 75 mmw ⁇ 20 mmL when the plate thickness was less than 10 mmt), and by using abrasive sand made of 100% SiO 2 as an abrasive material.
  • a weight of the specimen was measured before and after the test and wear of the specimen was measured.
  • the test result was evaluated based on an abrasion resistance rate: (wear of soft steel plate) / (wear of each steel plate) using wear of soft steel plate (SS400) as the reference (1.0). This means that the larger the abrasion resistance rate, the more excellent the abrasion resistant property becomes, and with respect to the scope of the present invention, the steel plate which exhibits the abrasion resistance rate of 4.0 or more was determined excellent.
  • the welding method was shielded metal arc welding (welding material: LB52UL (4.0 mm ⁇ )), wherein a heat input was 17 kJ/cm, and welding of 3 layers and 6 passes was carried out.
  • the specimen was left at a room temperature for 48 hours and, thereafter, 5 pieces of weld cross-sectional observation samples (bead length 200 mm being equally divided by 5) were sampled from a test plate, and the presence or non-presence of occurrence of cracks in a welded heat affected zone was investigated by a projector and an optical microscope.
  • a bond area and a low-temperature tempering embrittlement area when one pass CO 2 gas shielded arc welding with a welding heat input of 17 kJ/cm is performed were simulated.
  • the bond area was heated at 1400°C for 1 second and was cooled at a cooling rate of 30°C/s from 800 to 200°C.
  • the low-temperature tempering embrittlement area was heated at a temperature of 300°C for 1 second and was performed at a cooling rate of 5°C/s from 300 to 100°C.
  • a square bar test specimen sampled in the rolling direction was subjected to the above-mentioned heat cycle by a high-frequency induction heating device and, thereafter, a V notch Charpy impact test was carried out in accordance with the stipulation of JIS Z 2242 (1998) .
  • the V notch Charpy impact test was carried out with respect to three specimens for each steel plate while setting test temperatures at 0°C and -40°C at respective temperatures.
  • V notch Charpy specimens having a sub size (5 mm ⁇ 10 mm) were sampled and were subjected to a Charpy impact test.
  • the V notch Charpy impact test of the actual weld joint was carried out using three specimens for each test temperature while setting the test temperatures at 0°C and -40°C.
  • the steel plate where an average value of three absorbed energies (vE 0 ) is 30 J or more and an average value of three absorbed energies (vE -40 ) is 27 J or more was determined as the steel plate having excellent bond area toughness (within the scope of the present invention).
  • V notch Charpy specimens having a sub size (5 mm ⁇ 10 mm) were sampled and were subjected to a Charpy impact test.
  • the steel plate where an average value of three absorbed energies (vE 0 ) was 15 J or more and an average value of three absorbed energies (vE -40 ) was 13 J or more was determined as the steel plate having excellent bond area toughness (within the scope of the present invention).
  • Table 5 shows manufacturing conditions of steel plates used in the test
  • Table 6 shows the results of the above-mentioned respective tests.
  • the present invention example (steel No. 17 having a plate thickness of 8 mm) and comparison examples (steels No. 15 and 16) had the surface hardness of 400 HBW10/3000 or more, exhibited excellent abrasion resistant property, and had base-material toughness of 30 J or more at 0°C and base-material toughness of 27 J or more at -40°C. Further, no cracks occurred in the T shape fillet weld cracking test, and the present invention examples also had excellent toughness with respect to the synthetic heat-affected zone test and the actual weld and hence, it was confirmed that the present invention examples exhibited excellent weld toughness.
  • the steel No.19 fell outside the range of the present invention with respect to Si in composition. Accordingly, although the steel No.19 exhibited the favorable results in surface hardness, abrasion resistant property and base-material toughness, toughness in the tempering embrittlement area of the welded heat affected zone were deteriorated and hence, the steel No.19 could not satisfy the targeted performances with respect to a T shape fillet weld cracking test, a synthetic heat-affected zone Charpy impact test corresponding to the low-temperature tempering embrittlement area and an actual weld joint Charpy impact test.
  • Raw material thickness Plate thickness Hot rolling Heat treatment Remarks Heating temperature Hot rolling finish temperature Cooling method Heating temperature Cooling method (mm) (mm) ((C) ((C) ((C) 1 200 12 1150 900 air cooling 900 water cooling Present invention example 2 200 32 1050 880 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 3 200 25 1200 920 air cooling 930 water cooling Present invention example 4 200 25 1150 890 water cooling no heat treatment Comparison example 5 200 20 1150 900 water cooling 200 air cooling Comparison example 6 200 25 1150 900 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 7 200 20 1150 900 water cooling no heat treatment Comparison example 8 250 32 1200 950 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 9 180 20 1100 880 air cooling 930 water cooling Comparison example 10 300 25 1150 920 water cooling no heat treatment Comparison example 11 200 32 1050 870 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 12 250 16 1200 900 water cooling no heat treatment Comparison example 13 200 12 1150 860 air cooling 930 water cooling Comparison example 14 250 25 1150 900 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example Note: Under
  • Raw material thickness Plate thickness Hot rolling Heat treatment Remarks Heating temperature Hot rolling finish temperature Cooling method Heating temperature Cooling method (mm) (mm) (°C) (°C) 15 250 40 1150 900 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 16 300 60 1120 880 air cooling 870 water cooling Comparison example 17 200 8 1150 830 air cooling 900 water cooling Present invention example 18 250 32 1100 870 air cooling 900 water cooling Comparison example 19 250 25 1100 900 water cooling no heat treatment Comparison example 20 300 40 1150 900 air cooling 900 water cooling Present Invention example Note: Underlined values being outside the scope of the present invention Table 6 Steel No.

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EP11801027.1A 2010-06-30 2011-06-29 Abrasion-resistant steel plate or sheet with excellent weld toughness and delayed fracture resistance Active EP2589676B1 (en)

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PCT/JP2011/065416 WO2012002567A1 (ja) 2010-06-30 2011-06-29 溶接部の靭性と耐遅れ破壊特性に優れた耐磨耗鋼板

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RU2550985C2 (ru) 2015-05-20
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