EP2576914A2 - Dispositif destiné à créer un habitat dans la partie sous-marine d'un ouvrage en mer - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné à créer un habitat dans la partie sous-marine d'un ouvrage en mer

Info

Publication number
EP2576914A2
EP2576914A2 EP11752084.1A EP11752084A EP2576914A2 EP 2576914 A2 EP2576914 A2 EP 2576914A2 EP 11752084 A EP11752084 A EP 11752084A EP 2576914 A2 EP2576914 A2 EP 2576914A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profiles
marked
guide profiles
offshore structure
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11752084.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Krone
Philipp Krämer
Alexander SCHRÖDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Pol
Original Assignee
Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung filed Critical Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung
Publication of EP2576914A2 publication Critical patent/EP2576914A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/046—Artificial reefs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for habitat development of marine fauna in the underwater area of a built in the water bottom offshore structure with climbing aids, which are connected to the offshore structure in the underwater area and the bottom of the water.
  • Ladder climbing aids are also known from other technical fields. From US Pat. No. 5,799,752, for example, a rope ladder with a crampon suspension is known for climbing a tree, which claws into the tree. From DE 90 11 529 U1 a similar ladder for outboard climbs of a sports boat is known, which is suspended via an eyelet. However, such climbing aids are not suitable for marine habitat development for hard-bottom animals.
  • US 2006/0170221 A1 The closest prior art from which the present invention is based is disclosed in US 2006/0170221 A1. It describes a device for habitat development ("growth structure”) of marine fauna in the underwater area of an offshore structure founded in the water bottom.
  • the offshore structure is the rotationally symmetrical, smooth founding tower of a wind turbine, which is initially included for protection against penetrating water
  • the tower is surrounded by a network as a climbing aid, which is the settlement of marine fauna, in particular of shells, but also fish, serves and extends to the bottom of the water.
  • a shell stocking is suitable for effectively breaking impinging waves.
  • the fouling on the surface of the tower can be used as food, so that the felling can be combated by the targeted trimming.
  • the net can be designed so that it can be pulled over water by a winch for harvesting or pins firmly with the tower verb A harvest then takes place under water.
  • vague hard-bottom animals are not sufficiently attracted to the known device for habitat development.
  • the TASK for the present invention is therefore to be seen in the generic device for Habitater Closure of marine fauna in the underwater area of an established in the water bottom offshore structure with climbing aids, which are connected to the offshore structure in the underwater area and the water bottom, such a easy way further educate that it is particularly attractive for vagile hard-bottom animals, so that these animals increasingly in soft soil areas with Offshore structures immigrate and live.
  • the solution according to the invention for this task can be found in the main claim, advantageous developments of the invention are shown in the subclaims and explained in more detail below in connection with the invention.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by the provision of climbing aids for agile hard-bottomed animals in the form of guide profiles, which are fastened in the vertical, horizontal and / or diagonal direction in sections and / or contiguously on the offshore structure.
  • the vagile hard-bottom animals can easily reach all underwater heights of the offshore structure, the guide profiles provide protection against cross flows.
  • the animals can settle there, on the other hand they can eat the stuck animals or fouling on the surface of the building, thus fighting the fouling.
  • the practice has shown that especially the ground anchoring points of offshore structures with their relatively high structural complexity and at the same time close to the ground are heavily populated by crabs and fish.
  • the device according to the invention here multiplies the offer of spatial niches and clumps, increases the patency of the structure for the vagile animals and increases by increasing the colonization areas for growth organisms at the same time the feed supply for the target species.
  • Bauele- Elements which lack a fine structure, such as the connection points above the seabed of a tower for a wind turbine in the form of a tripod, are replaced by the simple constructional additions to the
  • the arrangement of the guide profiles is primarily adapted to the needs and habits of the zukockenden vagile hard-bottom animals and can be performed in any way.
  • Vageable hard-bottomed animals move by running (as opposed to crawling) and, since they can not swim, but at best can be carried with the current, rely on climbing aids that provide them with continuous support to reach higher heights above the water bottom
  • the guide profiles in the invention may extend continuously over longer distances or in sections, which are then mounted so that the hard-bottom animals can pass from one section to another.
  • the course of the guide profiles can be vertical, horizontal or diagonal. An oblique course of the guide profiles simplifies the ascent. But even a vertical guide profile can be climbed by the hard-bottomed animals.
  • the inclination of the guide profiles adapts to the course of the offshore structure.
  • This can for example have horizontal, vertical and also diagonal pillars and struts, which can be developed with the guide profiles of the device according to the invention for the hard-bottomed animals as a habitat.
  • Steigringsegmente be used whose length corresponds to a fraction of the circumference of the offshore structure.
  • a fraction of riser segments corresponding to the fraction is required.
  • the riser segments are arranged obliquely. Between the individual sections, an axial offset can be provided, but can be overcome by the animals.
  • small platforms may be provided.
  • offshore structures with preferably flat surfaces can also be advantageously carried out a one-sided zig-zag course of the guide profiles.
  • the pitch angle of the inclined running guide profiles can be selected according to the desired area maximization and desired inclination of the locking surfaces.
  • the guide profiles can be used in different embodiments.
  • the guide profiles may be in the form of rib-shaped or angled flat profiles or open or closed hollow profiles.
  • Rib-shaped flat profiles have a rectangular shape
  • Cross section and are characterized by a high aspect ratio (small thickness compared to large width, for example, a thickness of 0.5 cm with a width of 5 cm).
  • Angled flat profiles also show an angling, for example a right angle.
  • the hollow sections may be formed as closed tubes, so that their cross-section already represents a barrier for animals from a certain size, However, of course, a hiking on the outside of the hollow sections is possible. This is facilitated if the hollow profile is made open, for example in the form of a Haibschaie. All guiding profiles have in common that they extend rib-shaped from the offshore structure into the water, so that the vagi hard-rock animals can hold on to it and rise in the height.
  • annular guide profiles can be used in radial distribution. This results in horizontal guide rings around the tower or pillar of the offshore structure. Preferably, these annular guide profiles may also be obvious.
  • This ⁇ ffeniana can be done for example by dividing into two ring halves. The ring halves can then be placed in a simple manner around the tower or pillar and bolted together, for example.
  • annular guide profiles Construction with a hinge and an opposing closure device is also possible.
  • an embodiment in the form of a sleeve offers itself.
  • two spaced-apart annular guide profiles are connected to one another with a net or grid.
  • the network or grid (longitudinal grid or crossing grid, materials metal, plastic or lime grating) may be formed only partially or even circumferentially. It is also possible to form a net of a grid with fixed parallel bars in which ropes parallel to each other are woven.
  • the cuff can be rolled easily around the pillar. This results in a particularly closely structured habitat field between the annular guide profiles, which is also very attractive for smaller hard-bottomed animals and other organisms, such as mussels. Harvesting of these organisms can then be done in a simple manner by removing the structural cuff with the nets or grids.
  • the guide profiles in the invention provide the hard-bottom animals protection against cross-currents and facilitate climbing up the offshore structure.
  • a further relief results from the advantageous provision of transverse profiles, which interrupt the guide profiles at predetermined intervals and connect to the offshore structure.
  • These cross sections serve horizontally as paths and at the same time as resting places (clumps). There, sediments can be deposited, which easily make the surface of the offshore structure Make human involvement easy to colonize.
  • the transverse profiles can be made of a few mm thick metal sheets.
  • species are supported that reject a sediment layer.
  • cave honeycomb which provide protection against currents and robbers are created.
  • the guide profiles and the cross sections increase the surface of the offshore structure. This increases the colonization area even for firmly adhering and crawling animals. This increases the additional food supply for the more space-finding animals.
  • the guide profiles and the cross sections increase the surface of the offshore structure. This increases the colonization area even for firmly adhering and crawling animals. This increases the additional food supply for the more space-
  • Cross profiles are attached to the guide profiles only on one side. But you can also be attached to both sides, so that a
  • the cross sections also serve as barriers for different animal species, since they connect to the structure and a bypass is not possible.
  • the protruding into the water side of the cross sections has a shape adapted to the species to be restrained, this may relate to the width of the transverse profiles on the one hand: these can be as wide as the guide profiles are high. However, they can also be narrower, so that a narrow web of the guide profile leads past the transverse profile and lets through correspondingly small animals.
  • flat cross-sections - in the manner of a thin sheet - advantageously be triangular, for example, or have a bevelled corner opposite the niche formed.
  • the continuity of the entire device according to the invention can be deliberately interrupted by the transverse profiles. It can be formed by the cross sections and "bottlenecks", for example, for very large crabs
  • the guide profiles and cross sections of different materials for example, advantageously made of steel (flat steel, thickness only a few mm), lime or plastic, exist and be used.
  • the steel may be a corrosion-resistant stainless steel, but it may also be a simple structural steel, which is then included in a corrosion protection system. Steel has the advantage that it can be easily welded. Plastic must be screwed on, but is corrosion-resistant and, if necessary, flexible without any further measures over a longer period of time. Furthermore, there is still the possibility to use Kalkgitter. If a metal grid flows through a current, hard and soft e form according to current strength)
  • the device according to the invention can be mounted both during the production of the offshore structures in the factory, as well as on land at the installation site as well as under water during assembly or retrofitting. It can advantageously a detachable connection of
  • the device can also be achieved in offshore structures from a metal, preferably steel, inextricably by welding. This variant is particularly well integrated in the production of offshore structures.
  • the offshore structure has a corrosion protection system, for example in the form of a current-carrying cathode system
  • an independent corrosion protection system only for the device according to the invention, for example, also by training as a current-carrying cathode in front of a non-conductive building made of concrete.
  • Other corrosion protection systems such as protective paints, are also readily applicable.
  • the attractiveness of the device according to the invention with guide profiles can be further improved if advantageously open or closed angle elements or pipe elements are arranged with at least one open end made of steel, concrete, glass or plastic as resting places on the flat profiles or nets or grids. These provide additional retreat and hiding opportunities for species that rely on caves in their habitat.
  • the flexible connecting elements can be, for example, cables or chains, the rigid connecting elements can be formed for example by a web or a pivotable flap.
  • the ropes or chains are preferably sized so long that they follow the Auskolkung and rest sufficiently long on the water bottom, the ends of the ropes or chains can also be fixed, for example by simply pinning.
  • weights can be integrated to keep the rope or chain taut.
  • disc-shaped locking elements may be provided on the flexible or rigid connecting elements and / or on the flat profiles, which by a particularly close arrangement, the rise of certain
  • the guide profiles and / or cross sections on the offshore structure can also advantageously be used at the same time as cable guide elements for guiding and securing cables and cables of all kinds.
  • the guide profiles for example, special holes can be provided. Further modifications of the device according to the invention can be taken from the following specific description part.
  • Embodiments of the device according to the invention for Habitater- closure of marine fauna in the underwater area of an offshore structure founded in the water bottom with climbing aids, which are connected to the offshore structure underwater and the water bottom, according to the invention will be described below with reference to the schematic figures for further understanding of Invention explained in more detail. Showing:
  • FIG. 1 shows the device on an offshore structure
  • FIGURE 2 Variations of the guide profile
  • FIG. 3 Variations of the cross profile
  • FIG. 4 variations of the circumferential course of the guide profile
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation of the one-sided profile of the guide profile
  • FIGURE 6 shows the device on another offshore structure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 01 for habitat development according to the invention on an offshore structure 02 in the underwater area 32.
  • the offshore structure 02 is a so-called tripod consisting of a central pier 03, three upper ones
  • Support pillars 04 and three lower pillars 05 which are founded on foot elements 06 in the water bottom 07.
  • the pillars 03, 04, 05 are rotating formed symmetrically. Furthermore, for those on the tripod can
  • the device 01 for habitat development has in the invention special climbing aids 08, which can be used by vagile hard-bottom animals, such as crabs and lobsters, so that the offshore structure 02 for these hard-ground animals can be developed by the invention as an additional living space.
  • the climbing aids 08 are designed as guide profiles 09.
  • these are simple flat profiles 10, for example made of structural steel, which are welded to the offshore structure 02.
  • a plurality of rows of guide profiles 09 are arranged axially longitudinally extending or radially encircling.
  • the course of the guide profiles 09 is preferably adapted to the geometry of the offshore structure 02.
  • the guide profiles 09 may extend in sections or contiguously. In principle, they are attached to each other so that the hard-bottom animals, the guide profiles 09
  • FIG. 2 shows possible cross sections of the guide profile 09.
  • it is a flat profile 10 with a rectangular cross-section with a high aspect ratio (a), which protrudes rib-shaped from the offshore structure in the water (height, for example, 5 cm).
  • the flat profile 10 may also be angled (b).
  • the guide profile 09 as a hollow section 11 in a closed form (c) or in open form (d, e) may be formed, other forms of training are also possible, the guide profile 09 must basically have a rib character, so that the hard-bottom animals on Leitprofil 09 well can ascend.
  • cross profiles 12 are further shown, which divide the guide profiles 09 at predetermined intervals and connect to the offshore structure 02. These cross sections 12 serve the improved ascent and at the same time as resting places. By sediment deposits, clumps can be formed.
  • the cross sections 12 may be attached to the guide profiles 09 on one side or on both sides.
  • possible embodiments of the transverse profiles 12 are shown. These can be designed as simple triangular sheets (for example of metal or plastic) in different bevels (a), (b). Alternatively, it can also be rectangular sheets (c). These may have bevelled corners (d). All examples (a) to (d) show a one-sided attachment of the transverse profiles 12 to the guide profiles 09. In example (e) a two-sided attachment is shown.
  • possible additional embodiments of the guide profile 09 and of the transverse profile 12 are shown as cable routing elements 13 for cables 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows ascending revolutions of the guide profiles 09 on the offshore structure 02 with a rotationally symmetrical design.
  • the example (a) shows a curved circulation
  • the example (b) shows a sectional straight circulation, which enables easy production.
  • a variant with planar riser segments 33 is shown as a guide profile 09, which is adapted to the diameter of the offshore structure 02
  • Curvature has.
  • Such a riser segment 33 can easily be produced in large numbers and, in the case of a metal version (simple metal sheet), can be simply welded to the central pillar 03, for example. In a plastic version, a gluing, riveting or screwing or other attachment is possible.
  • the riser segments 33 have a length corresponding to a fraction of the circumference, for example, half, a third or a quarter, of the central pillar 03. Accordingly, two, three or four riser segments 33 are required to circumnavigate the central pillar 03 once. In this case, the riser segments 33 with an axial
  • FIG. 5 shows a zigzag pattern of the guide profiles 09 on an offshore structure 02 with a flat surface.
  • the guide profile 09 can also be easily manufactured in large quantities.
  • FIG. 6 a plurality of closed annular guide profiles 15 are shown one above the other in several radial planes (here on an offshore structure 02 in the embodiment of a scaffold).
  • the annular guide profiles 15 are divided into two sections and apparently (see section AA), so that they can simply be placed around the round foundation element 16 for mounting.
  • a structural sleeve 17 is shown, which consists of two spaced-apart annular guide profiles 15 and a network 18 arranged therebetween. By folding the two guide profiles 15 around a circular framework strut 19, this is surrounded by the structural sleeve 17.
  • the network 18 represents a particularly close-knit habitat area, which is also interesting for other marine animals. Harvesting of fixed animals is possible by simply removing the structural collar 17.
  • a grid 20 of grid bars 21 running between the two annular guide profiles 15 can also be used with a woven-in cable 22 (see detail B).
  • FIG. 6 shows additional angle elements 23 and tubular elements 24 which further increase the attractiveness of the device 01 according to the invention as latching and hiding places.
  • the FIGURE 6 still shows a rigid connecting element 25 in the form of a flap 26.
  • Connecting element 25 is used to establish a connection between the bottom of the water body 07 and a bottom plate 27 freed by Auskolkung on the foundation element 16 and allows the vagile hard-bottom animals reaching the guide profiles 09.
  • Similar blocking elements 28, for example in the form of a bottle neck may also be arranged on the guide profiles 09 for the purpose of preventing unwanted animal species.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

Les dispositifs connus comportant des échelles ne présentent pas une attractivité suffisante pour les animaux se déplaçant sur les fonds durs, comme les homards et les crabes. Le dispositif selon l'invention (01) possède donc des échelles (08) sous la forme de profilés de guidage (09) qui sont fixés, dans la direction verticale, horizontale et/ou diagonale, par segments et/ou sous la forme d'ensembles, sur l'ouvrage en mer (02). De préférence, les profilés de guidage (09) prennent la forme de profilés plats comportant des nervures (10) et de profilés transversaux plats (12) pour la création de refuges. Les profilés plats (10) peuvent être fabriqués en acier de construction et être simplement soudés sur l'ouvrage en mer (02) au stade de la construction ou de la mise en place. Les profilés de guidage (09) peuvent également former des spirales faites d'une ou plusieurs pièces. Il est également possible de réaliser des manchettes structurées (17) comportant des filets (18) ou des grilles (20) disposés entre deux profilés de guidage (15) annulaires ouverts. En outre, des éléments tubulaires (24) et des éléments de liaison (25) peuvent être prévus pour améliorer encore l'attractivité. Le dispositif (01) selon l'invention permet d'exploiter de manière durable les ouvrages artificiels en mer (2), comme les installations aérogénératrices, dans leur partie sous-marine (32), comme espace de vie supplémentaires pour les animaux marins vagiles, ce qui constitue une exploitation secondaire efficace.
EP11752084.1A 2010-05-24 2011-05-05 Dispositif destiné à créer un habitat dans la partie sous-marine d'un ouvrage en mer Withdrawn EP2576914A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010021606A DE102010021606B4 (de) 2010-05-24 2010-05-24 Vorrichtung zur Habitaterschließung im Unterwasserbereich eines Offshore-Bauwerks
PCT/DE2011/001041 WO2011147400A2 (fr) 2010-05-24 2011-05-05 Dispositif destiné à créer un habitat dans la partie sous-marine d'un ouvrage en mer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2576914A2 true EP2576914A2 (fr) 2013-04-10

Family

ID=44587579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11752084.1A Withdrawn EP2576914A2 (fr) 2010-05-24 2011-05-05 Dispositif destiné à créer un habitat dans la partie sous-marine d'un ouvrage en mer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20130192531A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2576914A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010021606B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011147400A2 (fr)

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RU2601565C2 (ru) * 2012-04-24 2016-11-10 Нордишер Машиненбау Руд. Баадер ГмбХ + Ко. КГ Садок и накопитель для рыбы
CN111587826A (zh) * 2020-06-08 2020-08-28 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 中华绒螯蟹生态洄游通道及其重建方法
DE102020133105B3 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-03-03 Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung Vorrichtung zur freiwilligen Selbstsortierung von lebenden Wassertieren

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130192531A1 (en) 2013-08-01
WO2011147400A3 (fr) 2012-02-02
WO2011147400A2 (fr) 2011-12-01
DE102010021606B4 (de) 2012-04-12
DE102010021606A1 (de) 2011-11-24

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