Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
  • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
  • F01M11/12—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
  • F01M1/18—Indicating or safety devices
  • F01M1/20—Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure
  • F01M1/22—Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure rendering machines or engines inoperative or idling on pressure failure
  • F01M1/26—Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure rendering machines or engines inoperative or idling on pressure failure acting on engine ignition system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
  • F02D17/04—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling rendering engines inoperative or idling, e.g. caused by abnormal conditions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
  • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
  • F02M37/0088—Multiple separate fuel tanks or tanks being at least partially partitioned
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
  • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
  • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
  • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
  • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
  • G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
  • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
  • G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
  • G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
  • G01F23/68—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means
  • G01F23/686—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means using opto-electrically actuated indicating means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
  • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
  • G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
  • G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
  • G01F23/72—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using magnetically actuated indicating means
  • G01F23/74—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using magnetically actuated indicating means for sensing changes in level only at discrete points
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
  • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine

Definitions

• the invention relates to a drive system with level monitoring according to the preamble of claim 1 and a working device.
• Drive systems that have an engine require consumables such as fuel to drive the internal combustion engine for proper operation.
• consumables can be stored in tanks which are connected to the engine via a supply system.
• the limited tank volumes can lead to an emptying of the tank container or the supply system. This can cause material damage to the drive system, and it can get air into the supply system.
• Internal combustion engines use simple fuel tank level monitoring systems to indicate the level of fluid to an operator of the system. Thus, in the event of a lack of consumable fuel, a signal may be issued to inform the operator.
• devices are known from the oil level monitoring, which interrupt the engine or prevent a start of the engine in case of lack of oil in the crankcase of the engine.
• DE 10 2004 021 394 B4 shows an implement with an internal combustion engine which has a starter device, an oil reservoir in the region of the crank chamber, an oil measuring device for detecting whether oil is present in the oil reservoir, and an evaluation device for generating an oil level information.
• This oil level information can be generated in a certain period of time after starting the internal combustion engine. If an oil shortage is detected in the crankcase during this period, the ignition of the internal combustion engine is stopped by a stop device.
• the object of the invention is to specify a drive system for a work unit with an engine which automatically interrupts the engine in the event of a threatening shortage of consumable operating materials, thus emptying the supply system from the tank container to the engine and the engine itself as well as the ingress of air effectively prevented.
• a drive system includes an engine and a separate tank container for storing consumable supplies for the engine.
• a level monitoring device is provided which allows monitoring of the level in the tank container and / or in the supply lines between the tank and the motor.
• an interruption device is provided, with the aid of which the operation of the engine can be interrupted if the level monitoring device detects the drop in the fill level below a predetermined fill level.
• the engine may be a steam or gas turbine or an internal combustion engine.
• the internal combustion engine may be a diesel or a gasoline engine, which operates on a 2- or 4-stroke principle.
• the oil can be obtained either from a separate tank container or from an oil reservoir in the vicinity of the crankcase.
• the fuel which is then stored in a separate tank container, subject to rapid consumption, which can be monitored by the level monitoring device.
• a monitoring of the level in the oil reservoir can be made with a conventional oil level monitoring device.
• the tank container consists of a container for filling with the consumable fuel, which has a supply line for supplying the fuel to the engine, for. to the carburetor, has. Since the once led from the tank to the engine fuel is consumed and not returned to the tank, the fuel contained in the fuel tank is always unused and can be supplied to the engine in a consistent quality.
• oil sump lubrication In contrast to the customary for oil sump lubrication, in which the oil in an integrated into the crankcase oil pan (oil sump) is kept.
• oil used during operation of the engine flows back into the oil reservoir, so while the oil supply is essentially retained, the quality of the stored oil decreases as use progresses.
• float systems are used in which a float is mounted in the tank and the level information from the position of the Floating is derived. Furthermore, level measurements by dipsticks or pressure switch are known.
• level information differs depending on the application of the drive system and the type of fuel.
• the operator can be informed about a fill level detected by the fill level monitoring device or about a fuel shortage.
• the information can be signaled, for example, by a signal. It is possible to display a light signal, for example via a light-emitting diode, the output of a sound signal, for example via a buzzer, and / or the output of a message, for example as plain text in a display.
• the display can be designed or controlled in such a way that a language selection of the operator with respect to a language to be used is evaluated and supported. Depending on the level, the message can be designed differently.
• an indication for example, by a weak and / or continuous light signal, by a weak and / or sporadic sound signal and / or by a corresponding plain text, for example "fuel reserve
• the operator can then fill the tank container at a suitable point in time when it falls below a second predetermined fill level, which may be lower than the first predetermined fill level.
• a second predetermined fill level which may be lower than the first predetermined fill level.
• can be issued a further information for example by a flashing light signal, a strong and / or continuous tone signal and / or by another plain text, such as "low fuel reserve - please refuel now”. This allows the operator to take appropriate measures to shut down the drive system, for example to visit a parking position.
• the operation of the motor can be interrupted by the interruption device and a corresponding signal can be output to the operator, for example by activating a colored or red light-emitting diode, by another loud sound signal and / or by issuing a corresponding plain text, for example "Shutdown due to fuel shortage.”
• the message can remain visible to the operator beyond the interruption time.
• a continuous display of the level during an operating period of the drive system by a dedicated display device.
• the interruption device it is possible to provide an interruption of the drive system or of the motor in addition to or as an alternative to these possibilities of monitoring the fill level of the tank container, when the fill level falls in one or more tank containers below a predefined fill level.
• a low level in the tank container can already be detected at the beginning of the operation of the drive, for example, before a start of the engine.
• the start of the engine by the interruption device can be stopped in advance.
• Information regarding the filling level can be output, for example in the form shown above.
• the engine may be started, as far as the level of fill level permits, and operated for a predefined period of time or as long as the fill level level permits. This allows the operator to move the drive system, for example, to a suitable parking or tank position.
• the interruption of the drive system can be achieved, for example, by the action of the interruption device on an ignition device of the engine.
• the initiation of an ignition pulse can be suppressed on a spark plug.
• the internal combustion engine is an auto-ignition such as a diesel engine, it is possible to inhibit fuel supply by driving an electrovalve.
• the detection of an imminent lack of a consumable fuel by the level monitoring device can be made different by a determination of the fill level:
• the level monitoring device reports the impending shortage as late as possible to the interruption device, so that the engine can be operated as long as possible and only serious consequences of fuel shortage, such as the ingress of air into the supply line between the tank and engine, be prevented.
• the specification of a higher water level is possible, so that the impending fuel shortage earlier detected by the level monitoring device and / or, as already shown above, the operator can be reported. In this case, a short period of time may pass before the engine is switched off, without adverse consequences of the fuel shortage resulting in damage or serious damage.
• the definition of the water level and the specification of the time until the automatic shutdown by the interruption device can be suitably coordinated in this case.
• the level monitoring device As already stated, it is possible to predefine several water levels that are reported by the level monitoring device. Thus, in the case of an emerging shortage of fuel, early information can be output to the operator. If the water level has dropped further, emergency measures can be initiated and a suitable shutdown time can be waited for. Only when a very low water level is reached, the falling below with adverse consequences for the entire drive system or the working equipment is expected, a direct shutdown of the engine can be made by the interruption unit. In addition to this stepwise reaction, the present level in a tank can be continuously output and displayed to the operator visible.
• the interruption device can first initiate emergency measures.
• emergency measures may have the goal to lead the drive system or the work equipment, which is operated by the drive system, in a safe to state in which z. B. possibly existing pressure valves may be open or moving parts of the implement are in a rest position.
• an operating state can be awaited, in which a stop of the system is advantageous. This is possible, for example when using the drive system in a work tool that works periodically, like a press in a press shop.
• the operating state can be waited before switching off the drive unit, in which the press is moved back and the workpiece can be easily removed. An abrupt, fuel shortage due to lack of fuel in an unfavorable state of the implement can be avoided.
• tank containers may be present in the drive system.
• the fuel can be stored in a fuel tank. If mixed lubrication is used, a fuel-oil mixture is stored in a dedicated tank. Furthermore, it is possible to use several tanks, for example a main tank and a reserve tank. All of these variants and combinations can be provided in a drive system according to the invention and subjected to monitoring.
• a separate filling level monitoring device can be provided for individual tank containers.
• a level monitoring device can monitor several tank containers. Any existing level monitor may provide information about an impending shortage of supplies to the interrupt device. Thus, when the fuel level in one or more tank containers is low, the engine can be switched off.
• a variant of the invention with an internal combustion engine has an ignition device for igniting a compressed fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of a cylinder. This may be a magneto ignition, a breaker ignition or an electronically controlled ignition.
• the interruption device can in this variant the operation of the engine da- by interrupting that it prevents further ignition of the ignition device.
• the close cooperation of interruption and ignition device makes it possible to integrate both devices in a variant of the invention, in whole or in part.
• the level monitoring device can also be implemented in whole or in part together with the ignition device or the integrated interruption and ignition device, so that the components used form a single unit and can be installed together in the drive system.
• the drive system comprises a device for generating and / or storing electrical energy.
• a device for generating and / or storing electrical energy can be a Magnetzündstrom that generates energy, or a battery ignition system with the ability to store energy.
• a generator for generating energy may be integrated in the drive system.
• the storage and provision of energy can be done by a battery or a rechargeable battery. The energy thus provided can now be used to operate the level monitoring device and / or the interruption device.
• the magnetic ignition system is used for energy supply, no additional component must be provided.
• the level monitoring device and / or the interruption device can then be energized only after the start of the engine. If the level information is to be evaluated before starting the engine, a battery or an accumulator can be used in addition. In this case, starting the engine can be prevented from the outset with insufficient level of one of the operating materials.
• a sensor for filling level monitoring of the tank container is provided.
• a sensor can be arranged on or in a tank container or also on or in the feed line from the tank container to the engine. It can operate according to various principles, with capacitive, optical, thermal and / or mechanical measuring principles being suitable.
• the selection of the measuring principle can be made with regard to the field of application of the drive system.
• the drive system or parts thereof are subject to acceleration amplitudes.
• turbulences occur in the tank containers due to accelerations, especially in the starting phase, which make it difficult to determine the fill level with conventional float systems.
• Even if the drive system is operated in different spatial locations, as is the case, for example, with smaller implements such as chainsaws or lawn mowers, the measurement with float systems is often not meaningful.
• a capacitive, optical, magnetic or thermal measurement can provide an indication of the level of the tank container.
• the sensor of the fill level monitoring device operates on a capacitive basis and has two electrodes which are positioned in or on the tank container or in or on the supply system such that the fuel is located between the capacitor electrodes at a sufficient fill level and there Dielectric acts.
• the capacity of the condenser is modulated, which is evaluated with the help of a resonant circuit and thus allows a conclusion on the level in the tank.
• the senor is positioned as deep as possible in the tank container with reference to a height level when the drive system is used as intended.
• a measuring container may be provided.
• the measuring container can be connected by an inlet with a first part of the supply line upstream and by a drain with a second part of the supply line downstream.
• the fed from the tank to the engine fuel can be passed in this case through the first part of the supply line and the inlet into the measuring container and through this, and then passed through the drain and the second part of the supply line to the motor, so that the measuring container flows through the supply of the fuel from the tank to the engine.
• the electrodes can be arranged as separate components in or on the measuring container or can form a structural unit with it. Depending on the level of the measuring container, the capacitance between the electrodes is modulated, allowing an electronic evaluation of the level.
• at least one of the electrodes may be part of a wall which encloses the measuring container.
• the electrodes may be formed by two wall regions of the measuring container which are electrically insulated from one another. As a result, the electrodes can be arranged to save space and in stable connection with the measuring container.
• the wall regions which form the electrodes can be arranged stacked in at least two layers along a cutting line leading through the measuring container.
• the wall regions can be folded into one another such that an alternating layering of the two wall regions or electrodes with spatial overlap results.
• the opposing capacitor surfaces separated by the dielectric can be increased, which guarantees a suitable sensitivity of the capacitive sensor with a small spatial extent of the measuring container.
• the meshing of the wall regions results in only a small filling volume, which extends over a multiply angled region.
• a insensitivity of the capacitive sensor against Verwirbelu conditions of the operating material in the measuring container is achieved, which can occur when the drive system is exposed to strong vibrations or vibrations, for example, in a working device.
• the measuring container as an integral part of the supply line, d. H. structurally integrated into the supply line, be provided.
• the electrodes of the capacitive sensor can be arranged in or on the measuring container in this embodiment.
• a measuring container can be completely or partially integrated in the filling level monitoring device and / or the interruption device. This is possible, for example, if the stacked arrangement of the wall regions achieves a measuring container with a low volume and small spatial dimensions while at the same time providing sufficient measuring accuracy.
• a simple electrical connection of said components is possible, so that the wiring effort is minimized.
• weaknesses in wiring are avoided, which can be a potential source of malfunction. This favors the use of the drive system in a work equipment that is subject to shock and vibration.
• a plurality of measuring containers of the types described above can be combined with each other, with the level monitoring device and / or with the interruption device to form an assembly.
• the plurality of measuring containers can be arranged, for example, as components of a single supply line in sequence. This allows an accurate and possibly gradual evaluation of the fill level of the tank.
• the measuring container can each be equipped with several leads, z. B. of several tank containers connected. This allows an evaluation of the level of several tank containers with possibly several different consumable consumables.
• a drive system according to the invention can be used in various implements.
• such a drive system can be beitsoaran used in which a careful, proactive observation of the level of the tank container due to the application or environment is not easily possible.
• implements in construction for example, rammers and vibratory plates for soil compaction and drills or impact hammers.
• Also in the agricultural or forestry field tools are used, which can be provided with a drive system according to the invention, such.
• the invention can also be used in other implements and combined with other forms of level monitoring.
• a working device is additionally equipped with a control device in a further possible embodiment, which can monitor and influence the condition of the working device, then it can act together with the level monitoring device and the interruption device to detect the impending lack of consumable operating materials Set an interruption of the engine suitable.
• the working device can be converted into a suitable, for example, safe state in which, for example. any existing safety valves are open, supports are extended, moving parts are stored quietly, workpieces are removable and e- lektrisch driven anchors are solved, so that the implement can be moved away from the site even after interruption of the engine.
• the resulting later interruption time presupposes that the imminent lack of fuel is reported in good time by the level monitoring device, so that a sufficient time for these measures can elapse even before the interruption of the engine.
• Such a drive system may include a controller for monitoring and controlling a condition of a work implement operated by the drive system.
• the controller may, depending on the state of the implement set a time for interrupting the operation of the engine by the interruption device.
• the control device may control the interruption of the operation by the interruption device at the time. As a result, an expected suitable time for the shutdown, for example, with regard to a Radiozu stand of the implement can be selected.
• the time may be determined by the control device and / or the implement may be controlled such that the implement is expected to be in a fail safe and / or serviceable condition at the time.
• a time can be waited for, as already stated above, any existing safety valves of a pressure vessel are open and movable, z. B. oscillating parts are stored or locked quietly.
• the condition of the implement before shutdown can be influenced so that it is likely to be suitable for shutdown at the selected time.
• supports of a working device that is guided manually during operation for example, can be extended and flaps or presses opened so that workpieces can be removed, for example, from a hydraulic press.
• an electrically controlled anchoring of the implement can be solved so that the implement can be moved away from the site even after interruption of the engine.
• the time may in particular be determined by the control device in such a way that a material processed by the working device and / or a workpiece machined by the working device can be removed and / or removed from the working device.
• This can be useful, for example, for materials that harden during the shutdown phase or can permanently connect to the implement.
• it may be useful to open openings, flaps and / or valves for discharging before the shutdown, and / or ejection or a removal, for example, you rch waiting for the implement or an operator.
• a timely discharge liquid concrete from a concrete mixing plant or a concrete pump for their further usability be crucial, since after curing of the concrete, the implement would no longer be used.
• the drive system further comprises a control device for monitoring u Controlling the condition of the implement operated by the drive system.
• the method further includes determining the timing of the operation of the engine to stop the operation of the engine when the level monitor detects the drop in level below the predetermined level, the timing being determined in accordance with the condition of the implement.
• the method includes controlling the interruption of the operation at the time by the control device, for example, as described above.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment with a fuel tank and a capacitive level sensor with sufficient presence of fuel
• FIG 3 schematically shows an embodiment with a fuel and a reserve fuel tank and capacitive level sensors at too low level in the fuel tank.
• Fig. 4 shows schematically an embodiment with a fuel and a reserve fuel tank with mechanical level sensors, which are monitored together, at a too low level in the fuel tank;
• FIG. 5 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment with a fuel and a reserve fuel tank with capacitive level sensors on the supply system between the tank containers and the engine when the fill level in the fuel tank is too low;
• Fig. 6 shows schematically an embodiment of a measuring container with capacitive level sensor.
• a drive unit in which the level of a fuel tank 1 is monitored.
• the fuel tank 1 has a sufficient filling with fuel 2.
• a capacitive sensor 3 is used, which has two electrodes 3a and 3b, between which the fuel 2 acts as a function of its level as a dielectric.
• the gap between the electrodes 3a and 3b is completely filled with the fuel 2, which is detected by the capacitive sensor 3.
• the fuel 2 is supplied via a supply line 4 to a carburetor 5 of an internal combustion engine. Since the operation of an internal combustion engine is known, it will not be further detailed and described here.
• the evaluation of the fill level is made in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in a combined fill level monitoring and interrupting device 6.
• the signals of the capacitive sen sors 3 are evaluated, and falls below the predetermined level level, the further ignition of the drive unit is suppressed.
• the forwarding of the ignition pulse is suppressed to the spark plug 7.
• the voltage supply of the level monitoring and interrupting device 6 and the spark plug 7 is ensured in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 by an arrangement which is known from the field of application of magnetic ignition systems.
• a magnet 9 attached to a crankshaft 8 belonging to the engine or driven in rotation by the crankshaft 8 is guided past a yoke 10, whereby a high-voltage pulse is generated.
• the combined level monitoring and interrupting device 6 draws energy from the yoke 10. This energy feeds the operation of the combined level monitoring and interrupting device 6 and the capacitive sensor 3. With sufficient presence of fuel 2 in the fuel tank 1, it is further forwarded as ignition pulse for the spark plug 7.
• FIG. 2 describes the embodiment variant of the invention shown in FIG. 1 at low filling level of the fuel 2 in the fuel tank 1.
• the level of the fuel 2 falls, air passes between the electrodes 3a and 3b, which is detected by the capacitive sensor 3 and thus by the combined level monitoring and interrupting device 6. This now prevents the ignition of the spark plug 7 and thus interrupts the operation of the internal combustion engine of the drive unit.
• a level of the filling level of the fuel 2 is predetermined by an arrangement of the electrodes 3a and 3b in the fuel tank 1, the falling below is detected by the capacitive sensor 3.
• Fig. 3 another embodiment of a drive system according to the invention is shown.
• a reserve fuel tank 1 1 is provided by a fuel reserve 12 is stored for the operation of the engine.
• the level is monitored by a second capacitive sensor 13.
• the fuel reserve 12 is passed through a reserve supply line 1 4 from the reserve fuel tank 1 1 in the carburetor 5.
• the ignition of the spark plug 7 by the combined Medstandsüberwa- chasing and interrupting device 6 is possible, although the fuel tank 1 has a too low level, since in the fuel reserve tank 1 1 is still a sufficient fuel reserve 12 is available.
• FIG. 4 shows a further possible embodiment of a drive system according to the invention, in which the fill level in the tank containers is monitored by a mechanical float system.
• a float system 15 is provided in the fuel tank 1, in which by the position of a float 16, the level of the fuel 2 is measured.
• a low position of the float 16 is due to a low level of the fuel 2. It is detected by a detector 1 7, which detects by optical or magnetic detection, the position of the float 1 6 in a predefined area and the combined level monitoring and interrupting device 6 signals.
• the reserve fuel tank 1 1 is also equipped with a reserve float 18 on a reserve float system 19 whose position is determined by the level of the fuel reserve 12.
• the position of the reserve float 18 is also detected by the detector 1 7 and reported to the combined level monitoring and interrupting device 6. Also in Fig. 4, the ignition of the spark plug 7 is not prevented by the combined Brownstandsüberwachungs- and interruption device due to the low level in the fuel tank 1, since the reserve fuel tank 1 1 still identifies a sufficient fuel reserve 1 2.
• FIG. 5 shows a further design of a drive system according to the invention, in which the level of the fuel 2 is not determined on or in the fuel tank 1, but on the supply line 4 of the fuel tank 1 to the carburetor 5.
• a capacitive line sensor 20 is arranged dielectrically moderated by the level of the fuel in the supply line 4.
• the level of the reserve fuel tank 1 2 is measured by a second capacitive line sensor 2 1 on the reserve supply line 14 to the carburetor 5.
• the positioning of the capacitive line sensor 20 is selected in Fig. 5 so that a fuel shortage is detected only after complete emptying of the fuel tank 1 and at the beginning of emptying the supply line 4, but before air can get into the horizontal portion of the supply line 4.
• the arrangement of the capacitive line sensor 20 at the first, perpendicular to the fuel tank 1 outgoing portion of the supply line 4 is selected.
• the ignition of the spark plug 7 is initially prevented by the combined fill level monitoring and interrupting device 6, in order to prevent the ingress of air into the feed line 4. It is thus achieved that, when the fuel tank 1 is emptied, no air penetrates into the supply line 4, which air can not escape autonomously when the fuel tank 1 is refilled.
• an emergency start function a restart of the engine using the reserve fuel tank 1 1 located fuel reserve 1 2 are made possible, for example, to allow movement of a powered by the engine implement in emergencies.
• a complex and arbitrarily to be designed shutdown logic can be realized.
• Fig. 5 also ensured by the positioning of the second capacitive line sensor 2 1 on the first, outgoing from reserve fuel tank 1 1 portion of the reserve supply line 14 that this is protected from the ingress of air.
• a message device M is shown in Fig. 5, through which optical and / or audible messages can be output when the level monitoring device 6, the decrease in the level in the fuel tank 1 and / or reserve tank 1 1 below the predetermined level and / or another determines the predetermined fill level.
• the signaling device M has, for example, an acoustic signaling device MA, which can be designed as a loudspeaker or buzzer and can output acoustic messages and / or warning signals in accordance with the detected fill level.
• a first optical reporting device MO l is provided in the form of a light-emitting diode, which you rch lighting, flashing or color change optical messages and / or warning signals can output according to the detected level.
• a further optical signaling device M02 is provided, in which messages can be output in plain text with regard to the fill level. The example gives an indication of the use of the reserve tank.
• FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a measuring container 22 with a capacitive level sensor.
• the measuring container 22 has an inlet 23, which with a first part of the supply line 4, 14 upstream, d .h. in the direction of the connected fuel tank 1 and reserve fuel tanks 1 1 may be connected. Furthermore, the measuring container 22 has a drain 24, which can be connected downstream with a second part of the feed line 4, 14. The fuel fed from the fuel tank 1 or from the reserve fuel tank 1 1 through the supply lines 4, 1 4 to the gasifier 5 can therefore pass through the inlet 23 into an interior 25 of the measuring container, through the latter to the outlet 24 and through the second part of the supply line 4, 14 be passed to the carburetor 5. As a result, the interior 25 of the measuring container 22 is flowed through by the fuel 2, 21.
• the wall portions E l, E 2 are made of electrically conductive material and are designed as capacitor plates of a capacitor.
• the wall portions E l, E2 with a measuring and Au sonnetician (not shown) via electrical lines (not shown) are connected.
• the wall regions E 1, E 2 are folded into one another in at least two layers along a cutting line S leading through the measuring container such that an alternating layering of the two wall regions E 1, E 2 results in spatial overlapping in the region of the cutting line S. This results in an angled structure of the interior space 25, which makes it possible to achieve a small spatial expansion of the measuring container 22 despite large areas of the wall regions E 1, E 2 designed as capacitor plates.
• the measuring container 22 may have a variable level.
• the fuel 2 and / or the fuel reserve 12 and any air present in the interior space 25 act as a dielectric between wall areas E 1, E 2 and thus modulate a capacity of the condenser depending on the level.
• the level of the measuring container 22 can be determined.
• vibrations and shocks have little effect on the level of the interior, which allows a stable measurement even when used in implements that are exposed to strong accelerations, shocks and vibrations.
• the measuring container 22 may be an integral part of the supply line 4 and / or the reserve supply line 14.
• the measuring container 22 - analogously to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 - may be arranged at the first portion of the supply line 4 that is substantially perpendicular to the fuel tank 1 or at the first portion of the reserve supply line 14 that extends substantially perpendicularly from the reserve fuel tank 11. so that the ingress of air into a difficult to be vented part of the supply line 4 and the reserve supply line 14 is prevented.
• the measuring container 22 may be an integral part of the combined level monitoring and interruption device 6 and thus an integral part of a motor electronics module. As a result, a wiring effort in the electronic interconnection of said devices can be minimized. Since fuel flows through the engine electronics assembly in this design, it is desirable to provide a suitable flow channel design which may require, for example, suitable hose fittings.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
• Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
• Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-03-09 DE DE102010010749.2A patent/DE102010010749B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2011
  • 2011-03-07 US US13/520,439 patent/US20130030677A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-07 JP JP2012556412A patent/JP2013525656A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-03-07 EP EP11708720A patent/EP2545259A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-03-07 CN CN2011800130334A patent/CN102947556A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-03-07 WO PCT/EP2011/001110 patent/WO2011110321A1/de active Application Filing

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