EP2534044A1 - Verfahren zum manövrieren einer yacht - Google Patents
Verfahren zum manövrieren einer yachtInfo
- Publication number
- EP2534044A1 EP2534044A1 EP11701229A EP11701229A EP2534044A1 EP 2534044 A1 EP2534044 A1 EP 2534044A1 EP 11701229 A EP11701229 A EP 11701229A EP 11701229 A EP11701229 A EP 11701229A EP 2534044 A1 EP2534044 A1 EP 2534044A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- joystick
- yacht
- pivot drive
- drive
- thrust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
- B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
- B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
- B63H21/213—Levers or the like for controlling the engine or the transmission, e.g. single hand control levers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/02—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
- B63H2025/026—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring using multi-axis control levers, or the like, e.g. joysticks, wherein at least one degree of freedom is employed for steering, slowing down, or dynamic anchoring
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for maneuvering a yacht and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
- WO 02/085702 A1 discloses a motor yacht with a propulsion system, which has two drive assemblies each driving a propeller.
- the motor yacht on a bow thruster and a stern thruster, d. H. thrust devices acting transversely to the longitudinal direction of the yacht.
- the propellers and the thrusters are controlled together by a control device via a control lever designed as a joystick.
- the joystick can be tilted within a full 360 ° circle in eight different directions, each differing by 45 °.
- either the propulsion or the thruster or propulsion and thrusters are activated.
- WO 2005/005249 A1 discloses a swivelable propeller drive for a boat, hereinafter also referred to as a swivel drive for short.
- the known rotary actuator is used as a single drive for boats, which can be dispensed with due to the pivoting of the thrust vector generated by the propeller on a rudder blade.
- Swivel drive and preferably also has a bow thruster. This achieves the advantage that the control by means of a joystick can also be used for smaller yachts with a less complex drive system.
- the pivoting drive also called rudder propeller, comprises a propulsion device, in particular with a ship's propeller, which can be swiveled about an upright or control axis and thus enables a different thrust direction relative to the ship's hull.
- the optional bow thruster is fixed in the foremost area of the fuselage, creating a thrust across the vessel's longitudinal direction, thus speeding up its rotation.
- the maneuvering can be carried out advantageously, ie it is a sensitive, intuitive, quickly responsive maneuverability of the yacht achieved. For example, lateral or lateral movements of the Yacht by transverse position of the rotary actuator and use of the bow thruster represent. This is a significant advantage in maneuvering, especially for sailing yachts.
- the rotary actuator is controlled by tilting and / or turning the joystick.
- the tilting direction which takes place preferably in Mitschiffscardi or transversely to the midships direction
- the direction of the thrust vector, d. H. the control angle of the rotary actuator determined.
- the tilt angle from 0 ° to approx. 45 ° determines the strength of the thrust.
- pivot drive and the bow thruster can be controlled by tilting the joystick in the transverse direction simultaneously.
- pure lateral movements of the yacht, so a Querver algebra with the same course orientation possible.
- the thrust of the bow thruster and the pivot drive act in the same direction, the thrust is controlled so that no rotational movement of the hull occurs.
- the bow thruster and the pivot drive by turning the joystick in a vertical position, d. H. not tilted, controlled.
- a turning of the yacht can be achieved on the spot, d. H. a minimal maneuvering space is needed for the ship's turn.
- a sailing yacht which is generally equipped with only a motor drive.
- the application of the method according to the invention on a sailing yacht means a large increase in comfort and safety during maneuvering.
- An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below, which may result from the description and / or the drawing further features and / or advantages. Show it
- 1 is a schematic representation of the hull of a sailing yacht
- FIG. 2 shows a joystick with its three reference axes Xj, y, Zj and a schematic representation of the ship's hull with its stationary axes x, y, z,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a control system of the yacht
- Fig. 4 shows a first position of the joystick with tilting forward
- FIG. 4a the joystick in its first position and the movement of the yacht
- FIG. 4b the joystick turned and the movement of the yacht
- FIG. 5 shows a second position of the joystick with tilting position to the rear, Fig. 5a the joystick in its second position and the movement of the yacht, Fig. 5b the joystick rotated and the movement of the yacht,
- FIG. 6a the joystick in its second position and the movement of the yacht
- FIG. 6b the joystick rotated and the movement of the yacht
- Fig. 8 shows the joystick in its third position and the movement of the yacht
- Fig. 8a the joystick in its fourth position and the movement of the yacht
- Fig. 8b the joystick rotated and the movement of the yacht
- Fig. 9 shows a fifth position of the joystick with tilt position to port, Fig. 9a, the joystick in its fifth position and the movement of the yacht and
- Fig. 9b turned the joystick and the movement of the yacht.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuselage 1 of a not fully illustrated sailing yacht with a keel 2, a prime mover 3, a bow thruster 4 and a rudder blade 5.
- the prime mover 3 drives a propeller drive 6, which is designed as a pivot drive 6, ie to the vertical axis is pivotable.
- a rotary actuator is also referred to as a rudder propeller, because it replaces the function of a conventional rudder.
- the prime mover 3 may be an internal combustion engine or a hybrid drive consisting of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
- the 2 shows a joystick 7 formed as a control lever for controlling the drive machine 3, the pivot drive 6 and the bow thruster 4.
- the joystick 7 has a handle 7a and a pivot formed as a pivot point 7b, through which the longitudinal axis Zj of the joystick 7 extends. Further, the joystick 7, the axes Xj and y are assigned.
- the joystick 7 can be tilted in the direction of the axes Xj and y j and rotated about its longitudinal axis Zj.
- FIG. 2 On the right side of Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the yacht 1 (the reference numeral 1 is used for both the hull and for the yacht) with three axes x, y, z, where y the longitudinal axis of the yacht 1, x whose transverse axis and z forms the vertical axis.
- the axes Xj, y j . Zj are arranged parallel to the stationary shafts x, y, z.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a control system 8 with the components joystick 7, pivot drive 6, bow thruster 4 and drive machine 3. All components 3, 4, 6, 7 are connected to an electronic control unit 9 by control lines 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d , The movements of the joystick 7, tilting and / or turning, are introduced via the control line 9a as input signals to the electronic control unit 9 and passed as control commands to the drive machine 3, the pivot drive 6 and / or the bow thruster 4.
- the sailing yacht can thus be controlled solely by the movements of the joystick 7 - which will be explained in more detail below, in particular maneuvered at low boat speeds.
- the speed of the prime mover 3, the control or pivot angle of the pivot drive 6 and / or the thrust direction of the bow thruster 4 are driven.
- the individual positions of the joystick 7 and their effects on the movement of the yacht are explained in detail.
- Fig. 4 shows the joystick 7, represented by a circle with center M in a first tilted position.
- the coordinates Xj, y associated with the joystick 7 are represented as a coordinate system with the center O in a circle k, which marks the pivot range of the joystick 7.
- the joystick 7 with the longitudinal axis Zj is tilted about the coordinate origin O and the center in the direction of the axes +/- +/- Xj and y "j.
- the position of the joystick 7 shown in the drawing corresponds to a tilt forwardly, ie in the direction of The tilt angle, measured from the vertical (vertical axis), is decisive for the rotational speed of the drive machine 3, ie the strength of the propeller thrust The further the joystick 7 is tilted, ie the greater the tilt angle
- the speed of the rotary drive 6 is denoted by n and plotted in a diagram over the axis y It can be seen that the speed n is proportional to the deflection of the joystick 7 in the direction
- On the right side of Fig. 4 is the floor plan of the yacht with bow thruster 4 and pivot drive 6, the pivoting range about the vertical axis through the W inkel +/- a is indicated schematically.
- the pivot drive 6 rotates so proportionally, but in opposite directions to the rotational movement of the joystick 7.
- the bow thruster 4 is turned off in this maneuver.
- Fig. 4a shows - in addition to Fig. 4 - the joystick 7 (left image) in forward tilted position.
- the associated position of the pivot drive 6 is shown in the right image: the pivot drive 6 is amidships and drives the yacht 1 in the direction of arrow V forward and straight.
- Fig. 4b shows the joystick 7 in the same tilt position as in Fig. 4a, but by the positive rotation angle a Zj , that is rotated in a clockwise direction.
- the right image shows the yacht 1 with the pivot drive 6, which is pivoted in the counterclockwise direction by the control angle -a.
- the thrust vector generated by the pivot drive 6 thus exerts a clockwise rotating yaw moment on the yacht 1, which rotates according to the arrow StB to starboard.
- Fig. 5 shows the joystick 7 in a second position, ie tilted backwards or aft, ie in the direction -y j.
- the pivot drive 6 is in the same, ie unchanged position as in Fig. 4, however, the direction of rotation of the propeller is reversed so that the thrust direction is directed backwards, the yacht moves aft.
- the speed n of the pivot drive 6 is plotted in the quadrant -n / -y j .
- the control angle ⁇ of the pivot drive 6 is plotted in the diagram as a function of the rotation angle a z ⁇ . It can be seen that the joystick 7 and the pivot drive 6 rotate in the same direction.
- Fig. 5a shows - in addition to Fig. 5 - the joystick 7 in the back tilted position (left image), d. H. go straight on for the reverse.
- the right image shows the yacht 1 with the midship swivel drive 6, whose propeller, however, runs in the opposite direction as when driving forward.
- the yacht 1 runs - as indicated by the arrow R - straight backwards.
- Fig. 5b shows the joystick 7 in the same tilted position as in Fig. 5a, but rotated in the clockwise direction by the angle + a Zj .
- the pivot drive 6 is thereby also rotated in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow + a. Due to the control angle + a the thrust vector of the pivot drive 6 generates a clockwise rotating yaw moment. This has the consequence that the stern of the yacht 1 rotates according to the arrow BB to port.
- Fig. 6 shows the joystick 7 in the same position as in Fig. 5, namely to the rear, ie in the direction -Vj, tilted. However, the pivot drive 6 is pivoted by 180 ° relative to the position in Fig.
- Fig. 6a shows - in addition to Fig. 6 - the joystick 7 in the rear tilted position, d. H. go straight on for the reverse.
- the pivot drive 6 is amidships and pushes the yacht 1 just astern, which is indicated by the arrow R.
- Fig. 6b shows the joystick 7 in the same position as in Fig. 6a, but rotated by the angle + a zj clockwise. This causes - as the right picture shows - a pivoting of the pivot drive 6 also in a clockwise direction, ie by the control angle + a. As a result, a yaw moment that rotates in a clockwise direction acts on the yacht 1, so that its stern turns to port, as indicated by the arrow BB.
- Fig. 7 shows the joystick 7 in a third position in the coordinate origin, ie in a vertical position, ie the tilt angle is equal to zero.
- the propeller thrust ie the propeller speed n
- the pivoting drive 6 is preferably swiveled through 90 ° so that it is transverse to the ship's longitudinal direction and thus exerts a yawing moment on the yacht
- the steering angle ⁇ of the swivel drive 6 remains constant during the turning maneuver, as the diagram shows.
- the bow thruster 4 can be added to support the yaw movement. be switched so that a pair of forces results with oppositely acting thrust vectors.
- Fig. 7a shows - for further explanation of Fig. 7 - the joystick 7 in central vertical position for initiation of the maneuver "turn on the spot.”
- the joystick 7 is rotated clockwise, as indicated by the arrow + a Z j.
- the swivel drive 6 set at 90 ° acts in a clockwise direction acting yaw moment on the yacht 1, so that it rotates clockwise according to the arrow D.
- the bow thruster 4 can be switched on, which operates in the opposite direction of thrust as the pivot drive 6.
- the rotation of the yacht 1 is so obvious, ie in the same direction as the rotation on the joystick 7.
- the corresponding maneuver is carried out in the opposite direction of rotation which is not shown.
- Fig. 8 shows the joystick 7 in a fourth position, namely tilted in the direction of the positive Xj axis, ie to the starboard side.
- a transverse or sideways movement also called lateral movement
- the yacht can be effected.
- the pivot drive 6 are pivoted by + 90 ° and the bow thruster 4 is activated with the same thrust direction.
- On the yacht then act two thrust vectors, which are aligned parallel and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the ship. To avoid yawing the ship, both thrust vectors are balanced against each other via the electronic control unit.
- the constant speed n b of the bow thruster 4 is slightly higher.
- Fig. 8a shows - for further explanation of Fig. 8 - the joystick 7 tilted to starboard position, causing a movement of the yacht 1 (right image) in the direction of the arrow L.
- the yacht 1 moves sideways and makes a pure lateral movement, d. H. without yawing.
- the bow thruster 4 is switched on and also pushes to starboard.
- the sum of the yaw moments from the thrust vector of the bow thruster 4 and the thrust vector of the pivot drive 6 is equal to zero - there is torque balance.
- FIG. 8b shows a modification of the maneuver according to FIG. 8a in that the joystick 7 is rotated in the clockwise direction in accordance with the arrow + a Z j.
- the torque balance is canceled by either the thrust of the pivot drive 6 is reduced, so that the yaw moment dominated due to the bow thruster 4, or the thrust of the bow thruster 4 is amplified so that its yaw moment over the yaw moment dominated by the pivot drive 6.
- the yacht 1 is rotated in the same direction, ie, the lateral movement L of FIG. 8 is a rotational movement to the starboard side, indicated by the arrow StB, superimposed.
- FIG. 9 shows the joystick 7 in a fifth position, namely in the direction of the negative Xj axis, that is to say in FIG. H. tilted to the port side.
- a lateral movement of the yacht can be carried out to the port side - analogous to the previous exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 to the starboard side.
- Fig. 9a shows - in further explanation of Fig. 9 - the joystick 7 in the port tilted position, causing a lateral movement of the yacht, according to the arrow L to the port side.
- the bow thruster 4 is activated and also pushes to port.
- Fig. 9b shows a modification of the maneuver according to Fig. 9a, by turning the joystick 7 counterclockwise according to arrow -a Zj .
- the previous moment balance is canceled, so that a resulting left-turning yaw moment is generated, which initiates a yaw movement of the yacht 1 to port corresponding to the arrow BB.
- a swivel drive 6 also called rudder propeller
- a swivel drive 6 can be dispensed with a stern thruster and a conventional rudder with rudder blade.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
- Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010001707A DE102010001707A1 (de) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Verfahren zum Manövrieren einer Yacht |
| PCT/EP2011/050661 WO2011098326A1 (de) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zum manövrieren einer yacht |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2534044A1 true EP2534044A1 (de) | 2012-12-19 |
| EP2534044B1 EP2534044B1 (de) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=43711372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11701229.4A Active EP2534044B1 (de) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zum manövrieren einer yacht |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130072076A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2534044B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102010001707A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011098326A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD831652S1 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2018-10-23 | Brunswick Corporation | Animated responsive display on a joystick |
| US9690295B1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-06-27 | Brunswick Corporation | Heading control on a marine vessel |
| WO2017202458A1 (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2017-11-30 | Volvo Penta Corporation | Method and control apparatus for operating a marine vessel |
| JP2018079742A (ja) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-24 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 船舶用推進装置およびそれを備えた船舶 |
| JP2025025728A (ja) * | 2023-08-10 | 2025-02-21 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 船舶推進システムおよびその制御方法、船舶 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1557632A (de) * | 1967-03-29 | 1969-02-21 | ||
| US4732104A (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1988-03-22 | Frank Roestenberg | Bow thruster |
| SE508314C2 (sv) * | 1994-06-28 | 1998-09-21 | Volvo Penta Ab | Propellerdrevinstallation |
| US6347599B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-02-19 | Richard A. Hendrickson | Stabilization/power system for windsurfing and other flotation boards |
| GB2374847B (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2004-09-22 | Sealine Internat Ltd | Boat having primary and secondary control devices for main and auxiliary propulsion systems |
| ATE254561T1 (de) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-12-15 | Peter Meyer | Fahranlage für schiffe, insbesondere für kreuzfahrtschiffe |
| SE525478C2 (sv) | 2003-07-11 | 2005-03-01 | Volvo Penta Ab | Vridbart propellerdrev för en båt |
| US7267068B2 (en) | 2005-10-12 | 2007-09-11 | Brunswick Corporation | Method for maneuvering a marine vessel in response to a manually operable control device |
| US7234983B2 (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2007-06-26 | Brunswick Corporation | Protective marine vessel and drive |
| EP1981757B1 (de) * | 2006-02-01 | 2017-06-21 | CPAC Systems AB | Verfahren und anordnung zur steuerung einer antriebsanordnung in einem wasserfahrzeug |
| JP5481059B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2014-04-23 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 操船支援装置およびそれを備えた船舶 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-09 DE DE102010001707A patent/DE102010001707A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-19 WO PCT/EP2011/050661 patent/WO2011098326A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-19 US US13/577,722 patent/US20130072076A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-19 EP EP11701229.4A patent/EP2534044B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011098326A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102010001707A1 (de) | 2011-08-11 |
| US20130072076A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
| WO2011098326A1 (de) | 2011-08-18 |
| EP2534044B1 (de) | 2016-08-24 |
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