EP2490775B1 - Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts - Google Patents

Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2490775B1
EP2490775B1 EP10824292.6A EP10824292A EP2490775B1 EP 2490775 B1 EP2490775 B1 EP 2490775B1 EP 10824292 A EP10824292 A EP 10824292A EP 2490775 B1 EP2490775 B1 EP 2490775B1
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Prior art keywords
force
armour
scoring
competitor
data
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EP10824292.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2490775A4 (en
EP2490775A1 (en
Inventor
David Pysden
Justin Forsell
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Chrion Ip Holdco Pty Ltd
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Chiron IP Holdco Pty Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/02—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for fencing, e.g. means for indicating hits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0037—Tracking a path or terminating locations on a target surface or at impact on the ground
    • A63B2024/004—Multiple detectors or sensors each defining a different zone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0037—Tracking a path or terminating locations on a target surface or at impact on the ground
    • A63B2024/0043—Systems for locating the point of impact on a specific surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0056—Tracking a path or terminating locations for statistical or strategic analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
    • A63B2071/0655—Tactile feedback
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/10—Positions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/18—Inclination, slope or curvature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/51—Force
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/51—Force
    • A63B2220/53—Force of an impact, e.g. blow or punch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/801—Contact switches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/803—Motion sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/74—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with powered illuminating means, e.g. lights
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0605—Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
    • A63B71/0622—Visual, audio or audio-visual systems for entertaining, instructing or motivating the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/12—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the body or the legs, e.g. for the shoulders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electronic scoring systems, methods and armour for use in the martial arts, and in particular in weaponry-focused martial arts as well as the martial arts or martial-style arts generally.
  • the martial arts e.g. karate, kendo or martial-style arts
  • martial-style arts such as kick boxing, Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, fencing and other fighting arts
  • Martial arts are perhaps popularly recognised as originating from Asia but also have a long history in many other cultures and extend into modern culture today.
  • the martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat and may Involve light- to medium-contact or full-contact sparring.
  • Some forms of martial arts include the use of specialised weaponry (e.g. the shinai [Japanese sword] in kendo).
  • a scoring system may be used that involves allocating points for striking identified "target" areas on the opponent's body with a specified part of the attacker's body (e.g. hand, foot, elbow or knee) or with a specified part of a weapon.
  • a point in competition is only awarded when the attack is made to a target area on the opponent's body and when the attack Is made with the spirit, shinai and body as one.
  • the shinai must strike the target soundly, including making contact with the top third of the shinai, with the direction of movement of the shinai being technically correct.
  • a key constraint in terms of visual judgement is the difficulty of observing attacks with the naked eye - for example, owing to the speed of the attack it may be difficult to accurately assess the location and force of the impact from an attack, or whether any real impact and damage was made (other than by reliance on physical cues such as a knockout or other incapacitating injury to a competitor).
  • Human error and bias in refereeing are disadvantages with visual scoring systems. Another disadvantage is that close observation of attacks by a judge or referee carries the risk of serious injury or death, particularly when weaponry is involved.
  • Western fencing is an example of a martial-style art involving the use of weaponry (such as foils, epées, sabres - three kinds of swords used in Olympic fencing). Scoring involves landing a "hit” in a target area on an opponent. Ways used to overcome the difficulties of the visual scoring system used in fencing have included using ink on swords so that when an opponent's jacket is hit, it would stain and the number of "hits" could be counted. This method had the disadvantage that competitors could cheat by putting vinegar on their jackets so the ink would not show, thereby disguising the number of times a competitor had been hit.
  • weaponry such as foils, epées, sabres - three kinds of swords used in Olympic fencing.
  • Yet another disadvantage of the system used in fencing is that the pressure sensor is on the weapon itself.
  • Forms of martial art weaponry are varied and used in a variety of ways - it is of limited use to have a weapon-based sensor since scoring includes measures beyond whether a weapon makes contact with an opponent.
  • the techniques used are not solely with the weapon. Fists, knees, elbows, feet, shins, shoulders, forehead, fingers etc are also used. Therefore electrifying the weapon or placing sensors over the weapon is not an effective means of scoring a combat technique.
  • a weapon can be used in a variety of ways and so sensors would be required to cover all of the striking areas of the weapon.
  • Exemplary martial art weaponry includes Guandao, Ch ⁇ i, La canne, Plong, Baton francais, Shareeravadi/bamboo pole, Naboot, Hanbo, J o , Tambo, Monk's spade, Chicken sickles, Sai, Butterfly sword, Vettukathi (sword), Krabi/crabbie, Pariser/sharp tip, Epee/edgeless, Foil/blunt tip, Taijijian, Hook sword, Muai Cad Chuke(Cord wrap), Suntetsu, Vajra Mushti, Bagh nakh/tiger claws, Shuko/Bear claws, Grip knife, Karambit, Karambit/dbl bladed, Deer horn knives, Mai sokki/ (tonfa look), Kurunthadi, Tonfa, Lathi, Jitte/jute/wood sword, Tanjo, Otta, Kanabo/studded bat, Taiaha, Urumi/Chuttu
  • armour such as Kali / Escrima Armour made from steel visor and padded neck, shoulder and chest tunic, or Myunjebaegab, a bullet proof armour made of 13 layers of cotton.
  • Armour sets such as Bogu is used in the discipline of kendo, consisting of pants and wire mask, which is quite different to other forms of martial art armoury.
  • D o -maru is a Japanese wrap around style suit which is particularly defined by the absence of a solid breastplate or sleeves. D o -maru armour is wrapped around the body rather than being put on in sections.
  • a chest plate incorporating a force platform has been used.
  • the chest plate offers rudimentary protection to the wearer, since it is made from padded material such as cardboard or leather and therefore would not provide sufficient protection against hard weaponry.
  • the force platform suffers the further disadvantage that it only records whether contact has been made, not the location or magnitude of the contact force.
  • US patent No. 7,278,290 requires the target to be of a solid durable substance such as steel or titanium.
  • a layer of elasto-luminescent material composed of zinc sulfide and manganese are embedded over this durable layer.
  • the elasto-luminescent material is designed to emit light or exhibit luminescence when elastically strained, for example when a projectile strikes the material.
  • Photosensitive sensors are deployed at strategic locations to allow observation and recording of the target before, during, and after impact by a projectile. These images capture the target's luminescence at impact and the projectile's impact location. The images are then transmitted to a traditional image processing system that can isolate the impact location and correlate the light wave length and intensity with a known kinetic energy value that was obtained through initial calibration of the system.
  • US patent No. 4,761,005 discloses a means for using a transducer to measure an impact by a piezoelectric signal. Specifically this patent relates to the field of evaluating combative performance and its scoring in martial arts. However, the device described in US patent No. 4,761,005 is limited to being placed on top of or sandwiched within, a deformable material. Therefore, it is of limited use in impact- protective materials.
  • US 2005 266967 discloses impact-sensing and measurement systems, especially for use in contact sports and related activities that involve exchanges of impacts or blows.
  • the system generally includes at least one impact sensor, a controller, and a feedback device.
  • the controller is in communication with the at least one impact sensor, and includes a microprocessor having a control program software executed thereon at least for processing data from the at least one impact sensor.
  • the feedback device is in communication with the controller and is configured to produce an audio or video output, or combined audio and visual output, based on impact data produced by the impact sensor upon sensing an impact and processed by the first controller.
  • the controller can be programmed to provide specialized training regimens and/or interactive training programs, such as over a computer network.
  • US 6 056 674 discloses an apparatus and method for boxing.
  • the apparatus includes clothing adapted to be worn by a boxer which protects the boxer from punches of another boxer.
  • the apparatus includes a sensor mechanism which senses when a punch contacts the clothing.
  • the sensor mechanism is in contact with the clothing.
  • the apparatus includes a display mechanism which identifies when a punch contacts the clothing.
  • the display mechanism is in communication with the sensor mechanism.
  • the method comprises the steps of punching clothing on a boxer which protects the boxer from punches.
  • sensing with a sensor mechanism in the clothing when a punch having at least the predetermined level of force contacts the clothing.
  • an electronic scoring system for use in the martial arts that can be used across a number of martial arts, that can measure the location on the body (e.g. rib cage, jaw, throat) and magnitude of force applied (e.g. made by a weapon, a body part, or a fall), and that can double as protective armour (particularly in weapon-based martial arts) by absorbing or dissipating the force, thus providing a means for electronic scoring in martial arts without requiring the opponent to receive a damaging strike that inflicts pain, injury or worse.
  • body e.g. rib cage, jaw, throat
  • magnitude of force applied e.g. made by a weapon, a body part, or a fall
  • protective armour particularly in weapon-based martial arts
  • the present invention provides an electronic scoring system and method for use in various styles of martial arts, as claimed.
  • the present invention provides a new or alternative electronic scoring system (see item 10, Figure 1 ) and method, and an armour for use in martial arts (including traditional styles of martial arts, mixed martial arts or the fighting arts generally).
  • the armour is an impact-protecting universal armour, for use in various styles of martial arts.
  • the electronic scoring system includes:
  • Figure 2 illustrates the flow of information from the armour to the scoring machine in a preferred embodiment.
  • the preferred embodiment of the electronic scoring method includes the steps of:
  • the electronic scoring method can include the step of visually displaying data and/or scores for each competitor on a visual display or the like (step 140).
  • An example of a scoring machine is a computer, including a computer system or network (including a LAN, WAN, the internet or cloud) or any other device (e.g. embedded hardware) with processing capacity and the ability to send data to a visual display (including without limitation in real time or near real time).
  • the scoring machine is enabled to communicate with each competitor. In its minimum configuration, the scoring system enables force sensor data to be communicated from each competitor to the scoring machine.
  • the scoring machine utlilises a scoring software application to perform the electronic scoring method, including collating, processing, analysing and reporting force parameter data and calculating one or more results such as scores, and is capable of generating output for display on a visual display.
  • the scoring software application can be housed on a computer, server, or be network-, internet- or cloud-enabled.
  • the scoring system typically (but not necessarily) further includes audio means, to enable audio data (e.g. voice) to be received (e.g. from the scoring machine or from an external connected source) by one or more speakers such that it can be heard by one or more of the competitors, a coach or team leader, an audience (whether located locally at the fighting arena or located and viewing the competition remotely).
  • audio data e.g. voice
  • the scoring system typically (but not necessarily) further includes audio means, to enable audio data (e.g. voice) to be received (e.g. from the scoring machine or from an external connected source) by one or more speakers such that it can be heard by one or more of the competitors, a coach or team leader, an audience (whether located locally at the fighting arena or located and viewing the competition remotely).
  • the scoring system further includes one or more of the following:
  • the scoring system includes unidirectional communication means 40, to enable communication from the armour 20 so that force detected by the force sensors in or on the armour is sent to the scoring machine 30 (as outlined in the preceding paragraph).
  • the communication means 40 are multidirectional.
  • the scoring system allows data from the scoring machine to be communicated back to the competitor (e.g. cumulative score, or force parameter data relating to each strike, blow, throw, fall, etc, or voice data from a coach).
  • the communication means is uni-channel or multichannel, depending on the preferred arrangement.
  • Multichannel communications enable simultaneous communications to be sent and/or received simultaneously.
  • the armour includes headphones in or on a helmet portion of the armour so that the competitor can receive instructions from a coach on one channel.
  • the competitor can communicate back to the coach via a microphone located in, on or near the helmet portion of the armour. This communication is conveyed on a second channel. If there are multiple competitors involved in competition (say, in team competition), additional channels are included so that teams of competitors on the fighting arena can communicate among themselves.
  • the communications are carried on secure channels so they are received (e.g. viewed or heard) in a secure environment.
  • a viewing audience can be provided access to, say, coach-competitor communications on a user-pays basis.
  • a coach or competitor can select a different channel for private communications from which the paying audience is excluded access.
  • the secure communication means allows subscription-based access on a user pays basis, including options for selectively receiving one or more channels of data (e.g. for a fee per channel or fee per view basis, or a combination thereof).
  • system further comprises a CGI means (e.g. software) for graphically representing force parameter data and for multidimensional rendering of competition, including any one or more of the elements of competition such as competitors, weaponry, the fighting arena, and/or simulation or re-creation of strikes, blows, throws, falls to visually depict the force and location of impact on the visual display.
  • CGI means e.g. software for graphically representing force parameter data and for multidimensional rendering of competition, including any one or more of the elements of competition such as competitors, weaponry, the fighting arena, and/or simulation or re-creation of strikes, blows, throws, falls to visually depict the force and location of impact on the visual display.
  • the armour is "intelligent" by virtue of the fact that, in its simplest configuration, it possesses force-sensing properties (described later), such as access to force-sensing means, for detecting force applied to the armour. In some embodiments, it also possesses motion-sensing properties, in-built electrical circuitry and other components (also described later).
  • the armour is also "universal" in the sense that it is suitable for use across a plurality of martial arts styles and mixed martial arts.
  • the armour 20 covers one or more of areas of the body, including the torso, the head and neck, and/or the limbs. In the simplest arrangement, the armour covers the head and neck. However, in other arrangements, the armour covers the head, neck and torso, or the entire body. This is essential in weaponry-focused martial arts.
  • the armour 20 is made from an impact-protection material (described in further detail below) that acts to protect a competitor (the wearer of the material) from injury by absorbing or spreading the impact forces and preventing penetration or deformation by weaponry.
  • the impact-protection material is a simple steel, carbon fibre or Kevlar.
  • the impact-protection material is an intelligent material or coating with force-absorbing or force-dissipating properties.
  • the protective armour 20 of the preferred embodiment also has force sensing properties - hence making the armour “intelligent”. This enables the armour to act as a force sensor, recording and measuring contact forces and the specific location of contact or contacts, and sending this data to a computerised scoring software application, hardware, system or network (“scoring machine”) in real time.
  • the armour includes one or more of the following additional further features:
  • the armour 20 has access to force-sensing means 200 ( Figure 5 ) such as force sensors to enable forces applied to the armour, or any part of it, to be sensed, located and measured by a scoring machine (e.g. a computer).
  • force-sensing means 200 such as force sensors to enable forces applied to the armour, or any part of it, to be sensed, located and measured by a scoring machine (e.g. a computer).
  • the force sensing properties of the armour are provided by a sensing means embedded into, or layered upon, or lined within, the armour to ascertain the force and the position of a strike made to the armour.
  • the sensing means 200 is embedded in a skin worn over a traditional armour.
  • the sensing means 200 is a plurality of force sensors (e.g. a force sensing material, a force conducting polymer, a shape memory alloy, or other force sensors) embedded in or on the armour, connected in arrays. Each array is connected to a communication device, forming a module. There may be a plurality of modules weaved through a containing fabric such as armour-covering material.
  • the sensing means (sensors, array and/or modules) communicates force parameter data to the scoring machine.
  • the sensing means 200 further includes a switching mechanism 210, enabling the arrays and/or modules to be switched on either directly or indirectly when the force sensors detect an impacting force.
  • a switching mechanism 210 enabling the arrays and/or modules to be switched on either directly or indirectly when the force sensors detect an impacting force.
  • An array, matrix or plurality of sensing means 200 is important because martial arts challenges are performed at extreme speeds and in flurries of action.
  • Traditional scoring systems are often subjective and at best, an estimate only.
  • a plurality of sensors enables detection of forces applied in quick succession (e.g. strikes) and allows recording of simultaneous or near-simultaneous forces that are difficult to detect visually. It also enables forces from throws and falls to be recorded and taken into account in competitors' scores.
  • the scoring system may include the dynamic scanning of the array using parallel control circuits in a modular fashion.
  • the scoring machine collects data from a plurality of sensors 200.
  • the sensors are arranged in arrays, the arrays are further arranged in modules, and each module is capable of connecting to one or more other modules.
  • the signal from an array of force sensors is multiplexed - that is, converged into an individual signal over a shared medium (e.g. communication means to the scoring machine).
  • a shared medium e.g. communication means to the scoring machine.
  • the multiplexed signal reaches the scoring machine it will be demultiplexed back into multiple discrete signals from discrete sensors. This improves the sampling rate and resolution of the signal from the force sensors to be optimised.
  • the force sensors convert the mechanical impact into a piezoelectric signal that can be viewed on a visual display of a scoring machine (e.g. a computer or other device with processing capability). Additionally or in the alternative, the piezoelectric signal drives an audible sound and/or visible light.
  • a scoring machine e.g. a computer or other device with processing capability
  • Force sensors include piezoelectric sensors or other pressure sensors - for example, the piezoresistive force sensors (made by a variety of companies), which are flexible, thin (typically less than the 0.2 mm) and able to sense pressures in the range of 0.1 pounds per square inch (PSI) to 2000 PSI.
  • PSI pounds per square inch
  • Force sensors also include tactile sensors in the form of conductive cloth-based conductive sensory arrays consisting of a plurality of parallel electrodes threaded through material that can be stretched in multiple directions so as to provide information about pressure distribution along a surface.
  • Force sensors may further include a shape memory alloy (SMA) whose resistance changes with deflection such that a piezoelectric signal is generated.
  • SMAs are metal alloys that "remember” their shape, and can be returned to that shape after being deformed. As the shape alloy deforms, the impedance of the SMA alters and therefore a measurement of deformation (as a function of force) is able to be monitored at its specific location.
  • SMAs provide a means to measure a variety of forces including compression, shear and flexural forces.
  • the force sensors send data (force parameter data) to the electronic scoring system and enable real-time visualisation of force parameters.
  • the data may take the form of raw data or be graphically displayed in the form of a pressure plot displayed on the visual display.
  • the visual display of a scoring machine such as a computer receives force parameter data from the force sensors and displays the data visually in real time on the pressure plot.
  • the visual display also shows a CGI rendering of the anatomy of the competitor, illustrating where the force was applied.
  • a rendering of the competitor shows where a strike occurred (e.g. an impression of a staff, weapon or other object such as a baseball bat striking the jaw), superimposed by a multidimensional representation of the force and power of the strike.
  • the "damage value" of the strike is also able to be represented as points for the competitor delivering the strike, one or more points deduction for the competitor receiving the strike or a combination.
  • damage value is further represented as a visual rendering of the strike, say, such as an artistic impression of a staff or baseball bat striking a jaw with a corresponding pressure plot showing the relative distribution of forces across the recipient's jaw. Damage value could be further represented as a visual rendering of the strike, again say as an artistic impression, but recalibrated to simulate an edged weapon strike (e.g. virtually replacing the staff with a sword or spear).
  • the force sensors are capable of being linked by tuning means 230.
  • the tuning means 230 can take the form of one or more hardwired sensor-biasing circuits or a software-enabled means. This tuning means 230 defines the force to voltage relationship for each sensor so that the sensitivity of force sensors is uniform across one or more arrays. This also provides a means of adjusting the signal (including buffering, correcting and/or amplifying the signal) so communication links from different modules can be fully interpreted.
  • the armour has impact-protection properties. This is provided by an impact-protection material used to make the armour, an impact-protection coating, or lining, or a combination thereof. Any suitable impact-protection material (e.g. steel, carbon fibre or Kevlar) can be used for the armour.
  • the armour can be made of an impact-protection material or suitable multifunctional electro-active material with sensing properties, including any of the following individually or in combination:
  • the armour is a universal armour for use in almost any martial art (e.g. worn over the traditional uniform). This enables measurement of the magnitude and location of forces in a variety of martial arts styles, using various weapons or no weapons, all while still protecting competitors.
  • the preferred embodiment is useful for "cage fighting” (mixed martial arts competition) as well as various forms of martial arts, not confined to a specific form of martial art.
  • the armour can take the form of a traditional uniform used in a particular martial art.
  • the armour may be a traditional uniform made from an intelligent textile with suitable properties or a traditional uniform coated with a suitable material to give it the required properties such as impact-protection, force-sensing, electroconductive and so on.
  • the armour is divided into segments (see item 60, Figure 3 ) so that different segments or portions of the armour correspond to different parts of the body (see Figure 3 ).
  • This enables the magnitude and location of force applied to the armour (force parameter data) to be recorded by reference to pre-determined anatomical regions or mapped against grid co-ordinates on a scoring grid (see item 70, Figure 3 ) corresponding to armour segments and that can be displayed on the scoring machine visual display 50.
  • the preferred embodiment records the specific location of combative forces applied using any means (e.g. traditional weaponry or a body part). This is important to assess the "damage value" of a strike.
  • the strike force can be light but targeted so that it blocks blood or air supply (e.g. by collapsing the oesophagus) and therefore is crippling to an opponent.
  • a strike may be delivered with extreme power, also inflicting significant damage to an opponent (e.g. breaking the neck).
  • Winning in martial arts combat relies on, amongst other things, the ability to make contact with the opponent's head or body with sufficient force and technique to cause damage or injury without sustaining injury yourself. It is an advantage over the prior art to be able to record with specificity the location of strikes and the differentiation of force applied not only from use of body parts to attack (such as fists, knees and elbows) but also from weaponry; and for the armour to be able to withstand the impacts from multiple and repeated weapon strikes and to retain the ability to record the data from these strikes. This is because in real martial arts combat, avoiding strikes, preparing for a counterstrike and striking with sufficient force and technique are all part of competition, not only landing a strike within a target area.
  • Scoring depends on the efficiency with which a competitor can deliver a blow, as measured by the total duration of the impact and by the force delivered such that force divided by time gives the measurement of power. Critical also is the location of the impact and the angle of the attack, and other qualitative indicators such as glancing blows versus direct hits. In martial arts, skills have been measured in an algorithmic manner taking into account force, space (distance from opponent and impact area - e.g. this distance has been measured among Taekwondo competitors and found to lead to significant differences in kicking impact generated by non-expert competitors) and time. Electronic scoring systems as used in fencing are unable to take into account these additional factors.
  • Force parameter data recorded by force-sensing means such as force sensors in or on the armour are received by the scoring machine such as a computer, which calculates one or more results, such as scores plotted against a scoring grid 70 for each individual competitor (see Figure 4 ), thereby providing useful visual means for tracking the performance of individual competitors, including individual strengths and weaknesses in competition (e.g. relative weakness in left upper thoracic strikes).
  • the system also records who hit first and what happened (additionally to how hard).
  • the scoring machines in another arrangement can also calculate one or more results in the form of the "damage value" of individual forces (e.g. strikes, throws, falls).
  • Damage value can be "raw” or calibrated according to the physical attributes of an individual. For example, a featherweight competitor competing against a heavyweight competitor will suffer greater "damage value” for a strike of the same force made by the same weapon. This can be used to calibrate the lightweight competitor's scoring so that greater damage value (e.g. one or more points deduction) will occur for the same force. Conversely, it can be used to weight a strike so that the same strike force applied to the heavyweight competitor will have greater "damage value” than if applied to the lightweight competitor (a form of "handicapping”). Alternatively calibration can interpret the result of a strike as if it had it been effected with a sharp weapon (e.g. a sword or spear) versus a staff or baseball bat and render the result as an artist's impression using CGI.
  • a sharp weapon e.g. a
  • the "damage value" of a force applied is also able to be converted into a scoring advantage or disadvantage - for example, one or more points for the competitor delivering the strike, or one or more points deduction for the competitor receiving the strike, or a combination thereof.
  • damage value is further represented as a visual rendering of the strike, say, such as an artistic impression of a fist striking a jaw with a corresponding pressure plot showing the relative distribution of forces across the recipient's jaw.
  • the scoring machine 30 receives force parameter data in real time from the armour 20, which is electronically connected (e.g. by wireless communications means) to the scoring machine 30.
  • a result such as the "damage value" of a combat strike to be calculated (based on an algorithm that takes into account force, power, location of a strike and other specified parameters) and also to be displayed to an audience along with actual and accumulated scoring.
  • the algorithm may be enabled by software and/or hardware devices.
  • the electronic scoring system includes communication means 220 that are capable of receiving and recording force parameter data from various parts of the armour and relaying the data to the scoring machine.
  • the communication means 220 can include any suitable form of communication, whether wired or wireless.
  • the communication means 220 may involve electronically conductive armour or other means.
  • prior art electronic scoring systems as used in fencing can only record a score when an electric weapon makes contact with electronically conductive protective clothing. Thus a strike made by a body part or by a traditional (non-electric) weapon would not trigger the scoring system to score.
  • the communication means acts as a transmitter to transmit, say, a pressure signal from force sensors to a receiving device (e.g. a computer that functions as a scoring machine).
  • a receiving device e.g. a computer that functions as a scoring machine.
  • data from other sensing means in different embodiments e.g. motion-sensing means, heat-sensing means are transmitted via the communication means to the scoring machine.
  • the scoring machine is connected to or contains a processing means to interpret the data signal(s) and calculate a score (or other information) according to a scoring regime or other specified algorithm.
  • the system also includes CGI means capable of receiving data from the scoring machine so that competition data can be referenced, analysed and applied by the CGI means.
  • the means of transmission between the transmitter and receiver is via wireless communications such as radio-frequency communication or other communication such as infrared, Bluetooth, or near-field communication or any other suitable communication protocol.
  • wireless communications such as radio-frequency communication or other communication such as infrared, Bluetooth, or near-field communication or any other suitable communication protocol.
  • the sensors are attached to an interface device to enable the input data (sensor signals) from the armour to be interpreted by the scoring machine (receiving device).
  • the interface has the sensitivity to dynamically and accurately record combat strikes in real time. This enables the scoring machine to take in sensor. data, apply it to a scoring regimen, calculate a score and display it.
  • the “scoring machine” has processing capacity. In one embodiment, it includes capacity for processing of computer graphics, including video.
  • combat can be viewed in real time, with strike data overlays or other display of strike data, action replay and computer generated graphic visualisation of strike "damage” indicating where a competitor has been hit and the value of damage to the competitor from each hit, or cumulatively.
  • the CGI means e.g. software
  • the scoring system includes CGI means (e.g. software) for graphically displaying force parameter data and for multidimensional (e.g. 2D, 3D, 4D) rendering of computer generated imagery relating to competition.
  • CGI means e.g. software
  • This is useful for real and simulated competition, and for combinations of real and simulated competition.
  • the system enhances the viewer experience when watching competition through visual display of, for example, the simulated magnitude or "damage value" of a strike if the competitor had not been wearing the armour. This can occur in any time frame - for example, in real time or as a projection into the future, or during an action replay. It may appear as a graphic overlay over video recordings of a competitor or as a CGI rendering of a competitor.
  • the visual representation of the first competitor shows the competitor (e.g. in a non-armoured state) taking the "knock out" strike from say a staff
  • CGI of the competitor's head shows the location of the strike
  • an artistic rendering of the staff making an "impression" on the temple at the point of strike and a corresponding graphical representation of the various forces over time and/or over distance (e.g. along the skull), and the effect of the strike (e.g. the head is thrown back and the competitor falls).
  • the scoring machine can interpret the result of a strike as if it had it been effected with a sharp weapon (e.g. a sword or spear) not the specific weapon actually used, and render the result as an artist's impression using CGI.
  • a sharp weapon e.g. a sword or spear
  • CGI means a simulation of the damage can be provided, so that an audience or viewer can see a representation of competitors (e.g. in a non-armoured state) and the degree of damage that would have been sustained had, say, an edged weapon been used rather than a non-edged weapon, based on the same force data but recalibrated by the scoring machine (e.g. computer) for a different entertainment experience.
  • Multiple strikes or forces, including simultaneous strikes of forces can be recorded and viewed simultaneously or selectively viewed on the visual display.
  • the CGI means thereby enables the scoring system to enhance the viewer experience, including in interactive ways and for training and/or entertainment (e.g. gaming) purposes.
  • the CGI means can be an integrated part of the scoring system or be connected to it through any suitable communication means and using any suitable communication protocol.
  • Certain configurations of martial artists in a team in the fighting arena will have advantageous positioning, even though the team may not have superior numbers or better individual competitors. Therefore, tactical positioning (e.g. as used in chess or military combat) can be relayed to and perceived by an audience (or a coach) using location-based services (to identify the location of a competitor or object).
  • the scoring system includes position-sensing means to allow delivery of location-based services such as the tracking of competitor position within the fighting arena (both the physical arena and the corresponding CGI-rendering of the arena).
  • Real-time locating systems are able to dynamically monitor and record positioning such that relative positioning of teams and competitors can be recorded and contribute towards scoring advantages. This allows securing of preferable positions or manoeuvres to be targeted for strategic advantage and to count towards competitor and/or team scores.
  • positions on the fighting arena such that, say, the vulnerability of a competitor is greater in a particular position relative to competitors in an opposing team.
  • This is useful for military or security personnel training, or combat training generally - for example, to manipulate positions and manoeuvres (a maneouvre is a combination of movement (e.g. in position) and attack used) to strategically defend or protect key persons (e.g. a politician or monarch) or to attack a target (e.g. a terror suspect).
  • the incorporation of glyphs into the CGI representation of the fighting arena can provide an additional training means for military or security personnel, including in real time, by allowing the virtual placement of a threat or assistance into the arena. In this way, the scoring system is also useful in entertainment or gaming.
  • the scoring system includes motion-sensing means that detects movement and send data to the scoring machine (or other processing device) regarding movement relating to competition.
  • Any suitable motion-sensing means can be used, including one or more of the following:
  • the motion-sensing means is configured to detect movement of competitors - say by the inclusion of motion detectors on the armour. This enables the recording of, for example, the speed, direction and path of movement of a kick, a strike by a body part (e.g. fist, elbow), a throw or a fall.
  • a body part e.g. fist, elbow
  • the motion-sensing means also detects movement of weaponry or parts of weaponry.
  • projectile weaponry e.g. arrows, crossbow bolts, paintballs
  • motion-sensing means are used to detect and track the trajectory of moving projectiles.
  • weaponry such as striking objects (e.g. swords)
  • motion-sensing means on the objects allows the arc of movement of each weapon to be recorded, as well as the speed, direction and path of movement of the weapon.
  • Motion-sensing means can be included on staffs, swords, clubs, shields, projectile weapons (e.g. arrows, crossbow bolts, paintballs), fencing weapons, or any other weapon or object (e.g. baseball bat) suitable for use in the martial arts or fighting arts.
  • motion-sensing means in the system enables recording and visualisation (e.g. by CGI rendering) of the movement parameters of competitors and/or weaponry. For example, the arc, speed and direction of a strike made by a body part, weapon or a projectile is superimposed on video imagery of competition or rendered for viewing on CGI rendering of the fighting arena and competitors. This is useful in enhancing the entertainment value of the viewer experience, as well as providing useful information for training and competition strategy purposes.
  • the invention thus provides a new or alternative electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts, particularly weapon-focused martial arts but also useful for martial arts generally, which overcome the problems of prior art electronic scoring systems, methods and armour in that they provide electronic means for measuring the potential force and specific location of any impact while protecting an opponent from a damaging strike that inflicts pain, injury or worse.
  • the invention is not restricted to these particular fields of use and that it is not limited to particular embodiments or applications described herein.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP10824292.6A 2009-10-23 2010-10-08 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts Active EP2490775B1 (en)

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AU2009905163A AU2009905163A0 (en) 2009-10-23 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts
AU2009101201A AU2009101201B4 (en) 2009-10-23 2009-11-24 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts
NZ583561A NZ583561A (en) 2009-10-23 2010-02-25 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts
US12/716,388 US8021281B2 (en) 2009-10-23 2010-03-03 Electronic scoring system, method and armor for use in martial arts
AU2010201540A AU2010201540B2 (en) 2009-10-23 2010-04-19 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts
PCT/AU2010/001321 WO2011047410A1 (en) 2009-10-23 2010-10-08 Electronic scoring system, method and armour for use in martial arts

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RU2541303C2 (ru) 2015-02-10
JP5896566B2 (ja) 2016-03-30
NZ583561A (en) 2010-07-30
CA2774583C (en) 2015-09-15
AU2009101201A4 (en) 2010-01-07
CA2774583A1 (en) 2011-04-28
US20120203361A1 (en) 2012-08-09
US8021281B2 (en) 2011-09-20
US20110098094A1 (en) 2011-04-28
ZA201202759B (en) 2012-12-27
US20120029667A1 (en) 2012-02-02
US9056234B2 (en) 2015-06-16
AU2010241345B2 (en) 2013-09-12
RU2012121169A (ru) 2013-11-27
ES2893767T3 (es) 2022-02-10
WO2011047410A1 (en) 2011-04-28
JP2013508037A (ja) 2013-03-07
EP2490775A4 (en) 2015-09-09
CN102711931B (zh) 2017-10-20
IN2012DN02269A (ru) 2015-08-21
AU2010201540B2 (en) 2010-08-12
AU2010241345A1 (en) 2011-04-21
BR112012006748A2 (pt) 2020-04-28
EP2490775A1 (en) 2012-08-29
KR20120095933A (ko) 2012-08-29
US9061192B2 (en) 2015-06-23
AU2010201540A1 (en) 2010-05-13
KR101631733B1 (ko) 2016-06-24
CN102711931A (zh) 2012-10-03
AU2009101201B4 (en) 2010-03-25
NZ598976A (en) 2013-11-29
PH12013501575B1 (en) 2014-09-01
PH12013501575A1 (en) 2014-09-01

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