Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
  • C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/04—Elements
  • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
  • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
  • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
  • C10M2207/1265—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
  • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/14—Group 7
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to low friction coefficient grease compositions, particularly for use in constant velocity joints which are used in transmission lines of motor vehicles.
• a transmission joint or mechanical coupling is a mechanical system consisting of several moving parts relative to each other, or deformable, which allows the mutual drive of two rotating parts whose axes of rotation occupy variable relative positions during operation. In other words, it is a link that transmits the rotation of an axis to another axis moving relative to the first.
• a transmission joint is called homokinetic if, at any moment, the rotation speeds of the two shafts are equal.
• the greases used in constant velocity joints must not only have an anti-wear effect, but also have a low coefficient of friction to reduce or prevent noise, vibration and jolts.
• known constant velocity joint greases frequently contain anti-wear additives, which are for example phosphorus or phosphorus compounds, and friction modifiers, for example organic compounds containing molybdenum, which may have effects on one or the other of these properties, or both.
• anti-wear additives which are for example phosphorus or phosphorus compounds
• friction modifiers for example organic compounds containing molybdenum, which may have effects on one or the other of these properties, or both.
• Requirement EP 0435 745 describes, for example, a homokinetic joint grease comprising a mineral oil, a polyurea thickener, 0.5 to 5% by weight of molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP) and 0.5 to 5% by weight of Molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) as a friction modifier (MF), and 0.5 to 10% by weight of ZnDTP as EP agent, and 0.5 to 60% of a copolymer of ethylene and alpha olefin connected.
• MoDTP molybdenum dithiophosphate
• MoDTC Molybdenum dithiocarbamate
• the patent EP 0708 172 also discloses a low friction grease for homokinetic joints comprising a base oil, a single or complex lithium soap thickener, one or more organic components containing molybdenum, of the MoDTC or MoDTP type, at least one zinc dithiophosphate, a extreme phospho-sulfur pressure agent free of metal, a calcium salt of oxidized wax, petroleum sulfonate or aromatic alkylsulfonates.
• the patent FR 1 421 105 thus describes the use, for lowering the coefficient of friction of greases, of lubricant solids with a laminated crystalline structure in combination with metal salts of oxygenated phosphorus acids.
• Requirement WO 2007/085643 discloses low friction coefficient grease compositions for homokinetic joints comprising a base oil, one or more thiourea thickeners, 0.1 to 5% by weight of particulate tungsten disulfide having an average size of less than 10 ⁇ m (tanmikB marketed by Nippon Lubricant Ltd), and 0.1 to 5% by weight of one or more zinc dithiophosphates and / or molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
• US-P-5516439 discloses a grease composition
• a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a lithium-based thickener, (c) a molybdenum compound that is a molybdenum dithiophosphate or a molybdenum dithiocarbamate, (d) a zinc dithiophosphate (e) a metal salt.
• Solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) or tungsten (WS 2) in the form of a sheet or in the form of fullerene to lower the coefficient of friction of greases.
• MoS 2 molybdenum disulfide
• WS 2 tungsten
• the Applicant has demonstrated a synergistic effect between solid friction modifiers of transition metal chalocogenides in the form of inorganic fullerenes, with anti-wear and extreme pressure compounds of organophospho-sulfur type, in thickened greases, especially in lithium soaps.
• one or more inorganic fullerene structure transition metal chalcogenides used in the grease compositions according to the invention are grafted onto the surface by inorganic phosphate groups.
• the chalcogen of at least one solid lubricant (c) is selected from S, Se, Te.
• the transition metals of at least one solid lubricant (c) are chosen from Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Pt, Re, Ti, Ta, Nb, preferably Mo and W.
• At least one solid lubricant (c) is a transition metal dichalcogenide, preferably Molybdenum disulfide MoS2 or WS2 tungsten bisulfide with an inorganic fullerene structure.
• the solid lubricants (c) consist of particles with a diameter of between 80 and 220 nm, preferably between 100 and 200 nanometers.
• the grease composition according to the invention advantageously contains at least one anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additive (d) which is chosen from dithiophosphates, preferentially zinc or molybdenum dithiophosphates.
• the grease compositions according to the invention contain at least one anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additive (d) chosen from Zinc dithiophosphates of formula: (R10) (R2O) PS2 ZnS2P (R3O) (R4O), where R1, R2, R3, R4 are, independently of each other, linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted aryl groups containing from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• d Zinc dithiophosphates of formula: (R10) (R2O) PS2 ZnS2P (R3O) (R4O)
• R1, R2, R3, R4 are, independently of each other, linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted aryl groups containing from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the grease compositions according to one of the claims of the invention contain at least one antiwear and / or extreme pressure additive (d) is chosen from Molybdenum dithiophosphates of formula: (R5O) (R6O) SPS (MoS2) 2 SPS (R7O) (R8O), where R5, R6, R7, R8 are, independently of one another, linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms or optionally substituted aryl groups containing from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally in combination with the abovementioned anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additive, in particular the above-mentioned Zinc dithiophosphates.
• said metal soaps are simple fatty metal soaps comprising from 14 to 28 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated, hydroxylated or otherwise, and / or complex metal soaps of one or more fatty acids comprising from 14 to 28 saturated or unsaturated carbon atoms, whether or not hydroxylated, in combination with one or more short-chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the metal fatty acid soaps are chosen from aluminum titanium soaps, or alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferably lithium, calcium, sodium, barium.
• the grease compositions according to the invention contain at least one base oil (a) is an oil of synthetic origin, preferably chosen from polyalphaolefins.
• the base oil or the base oil mixture (a) of the grease compositions according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. according to ASTM D 445 of between 70 and 140 cSt, preferably between 90 and 100 cSt.
• grease compositions according to the invention whose consistency according to ASTM D217 is between 265 and 385 tenths of a millimeter, preferably between 265 and 295, or between 310 and 340, or between 335 and 385 tenths of a millimeter. preferably between 310 and 340 tenths of millimeters.
• the present invention also relates to the use of the aforementioned grease compositions in the constant velocity joints of motor vehicle transmissions.
• the present invention also relates to a homokinetic joint containing a grease composition as described above.
• the other base oil (s) used in the compositions according to the present invention may be oils of mineral or synthetic origin of groups I to VI according to the classes defined in the API classification (American Petroleum Institute).
• the mineral base oils according to the invention include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, desalphating, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
• the base oils of the grease compositions according to the present invention may also be synthetic oils, such as certain esters, silicones, glycols, polybutene, polyalphaolefins (PAO).
• synthetic oils such as certain esters, silicones, glycols, polybutene, polyalphaolefins (PAO).
• the base oils may also be oils of natural origin, for example esters of alcohol and carboxylic acids, obtainable from natural resources such as sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil. ...
• synthetic oils of the polyoaplphadefin (PAO) type are present.
• the polyalphaolefins are for example obtained from monomers having from 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example octene, decene). Their weight average molecular weight is typically between 250 and 3000.
• the base oil mixture is set so that its viscosity at 40 ° C. according to ASTM D 445 is between 40 and 140 cSt, preferably between 90 and 100 cSt.
• a wide range of light polyalphaolefins can be used, such as for example PAO 6 (31 cSt at 40 ° C), PAO 8 (48 cSt at 40 ° C), or heavy, such as PAO 40 ( 400 cSt at 40 ° C), or PAO 100 (1000 cSt at 40 ° C).
• Metallic fatty acid soaps can be prepared separately, or in situ during the manufacture of the fat (in the latter case, the fatty acid (s) are dissolved in the base oil, and then the metal hydroxide is added. appropriate).
• These thickeners are commonly used products in the field of fats, readily available and inexpensive. They present the best technical compromise, combining both good mechanical properties, good thermal resistance, and good water resistance.
• Long-chain fatty acids typically comprising from 10 to 28 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated, optionally hydroxylated, are preferably used.
• Long-chain fatty acids are, for example, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, oleic, linoleic and erucic acids, and their hydroxylated derivatives.
• Hydroxystearic acid 12 is the best known derivative of this class, and preferred.
• These long-chain fatty acids generally come from vegetable oils, for example palm oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, ... or animal fats (tallow, whale oil, etc.).
• So-called simple soaps can be formed using one or more long-chain fatty acids.
• So-called complex soaps can also be formed by using one or more long-chain fatty acids in combination with one or more short-chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids having at most 8 carbon atoms.
• the saponification agent used to make the soap may be a metal compound of Lithium, Sodium, Calcium, Barium, Titanium, Aluminum, preferably Lithium and Calcium, and preferably a hydroxide, oxide or carbonate of these metals.
• One or more metal compounds may be used in the greases according to the invention. So we can associate soaps lithium, combined with calcium soaps to a lesser extent. This has the advantage of improving the water resistance of greases.
• the metal soaps are used at levels of the order of 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 8 to 15% by weight, typically 12% by weight in the greases according to the invention.
• the amount of metallic soap (s) is generally adjusted to obtain grade 0, grade 1 or grade 2 fats according to the NLGI classification.
• the greases according to the invention mainly contain metal soaps of fatty acids as thickeners. By this is meant that the metal soap of fatty acids, simple or complex, together represent the highest percentage by weight in the greases according to the invention, compared to the percentage by weight of the other thickening materials.
• the quantity of the metal soap or fatty acids, simple or complex constitutes at least 50%, more preferably at least 80% by weight relative to the total weight of thickening materials, in the grease compositions according to the invention. invention.
• the greases according to the invention may contain, as the major thickener, metal soap of simple or complex fatty acids, and smaller amounts of other thickeners, such as polyureas, or inorganic thickeners, such as bentonite or alumino silicates.
• the greases according to the invention are free of polyurea thickeners.
• the improvement of the friction properties observed during the introduction of inorganic fullerene friction modifiers in polyurea-thickened fats is less.
• the greases according to the invention exclusively contain simple or complex fatty acid metal soaps as thickeners.
• the solid lubricants used in the greases according to the invention are transition metal chalcogenides having an inorganic fullerene structure.
• fullerene denotes a closed convex polyhedron nanostructure composed of carbon atoms.
• Fullerenes are similar to graphite, composed of linked hexagonal ring sheets, but they contain pentagonal, and sometimes heptagonal rings, which prevent the structure from being flat.
• inorganic fullerenes are generally attributable to their quasi-spherical structure and onions, which allows them, instead of adhering to contacts during friction, such as sheet structures, to exfoliate little by little or to mechanically deform, hence their recommendation as solid lubricants.
• This spherical onion structure exists in all transition metal chalcogenides with an inorganic fullerene structure (see for example Tenne, R. Nature Nanotech. 2006, 1, 103 cited above).
• the inorganic fullerenes with onion structure are thus preferred in the field of lubrication and in greases according to the invention. These are typically spheres of the order of 80 to 220 nm, and containing a few tens of concentric layers, typically 25 to 100 or 150 layers, or beyond.
• the solid lubricants used in the greases according to the invention are chalcogenides of transition metals.
• the transition metals may be, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, zirconium, hafnium, platinum, rhenium, titanium, tantalum, niobium, preferably molybdenum or tungsten, and the chalcogen may be, for example, sulfur, selenium or tellurium. , preferably sulfur or tellurium.
• the transition metal chalcogenides may be for example MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WS2, WSe2, ZrS2, ZrSe2, HfS2, HfSe2, PtS2, ReS2, ReSe2, TiS3, ZrS3, ZrSe3, HfS3, HfSe3, TiS2, TaS2, TaSe2.
• these are dichalcogenides, preferentially WS2, WSe2, MoS2, MoSe2.
• chalcogenides may also contain several transition metals, such as, for example, the compounds described in the application WO 2009/034572 .
• They can also be surface-grafted with polymers, for example polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, etc. to improve their dispersion, or phosphate groups, so as to reinforce their anti-wear action.
• polymers for example polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, etc. to improve their dispersion, or phosphate groups, so as to reinforce their anti-wear action.
• these compounds are often in the form of pastes containing about 75% by weight of fullerene metal chalcogenides and about 25% by weight of lubricating oil.
• the weight percentages given in this application refer, unless otherwise stated, to metal chalcogenides alone.
• the grease compositions according to the invention preferably comprise from 0.2 to 2% by weight of fullerene transition metal chalcogenides.
• Organo phospho sulfur and / or organophosphorus compounds Organo phospho sulfur and / or organophosphorus compounds
• organophospho sulfur-containing anti-wear compounds will be preferred in the greases according to the invention, since the presence of sulfur promotes the extreme pressure properties of the greases.
• the lubricant compositions according to the present invention may contain Zinc dithiophosphates of formula: (R10) (R2O) PS2 ZnS2P (R3O) (R4O), where R1, R2, R3, R4 are, independently of each other, linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted aryl groups containing from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• R5O R6O
• MoS2 MoS2
• R7O R8O
• R5, R6, R7, R8 are, independently of each other, linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted aryl groups containing from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• These different compounds can be used alone or as a mixture in the grease compositions according to the invention.
• Their weight% is between 0.5 and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.7 and 2% by weight, or between 0.8 and 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• the greases according to the invention may also contain any type of additive suitable for their use, for example antioxidants, such as amines or phenolics, antirust which may be oxygenated compounds such as esters, copper passivates.
• antioxidants such as amines or phenolics
• antirust which may be oxygenated compounds such as esters, copper passivates.
• the greases according to the invention may also contain polymers, for example polyisobutene (PIB), at contents generally of between 5 and 10%, which imparts improved cohesiveness to fats, which is more resistant to centrifugation. These polymers also result in better adhesiveness of the grease to the surfaces, and increase the viscosity of the base oil fraction, thus the thickness of the oil film between the friction parts.
• PIB polyisobutene
• the greases according to the invention are preferably manufactured by forming the metal soap in situ.
• One or more fatty acids are dissolved in a fraction of the base oil or base oil mixture at room temperature. This fraction is generally of the order of 50% of the total amount of oil contained in the final fat.
• the fatty acids can be long acids, comprising from 14 to 28 carbon atoms, to form a simple soap, optionally combined with short fatty acids, comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, to form complex soaps.
• metal compounds preferably metal hydroxide type.
• the preferred metal of the compositions according to the invention is lithium, possibly combined, to a lesser extent, with calcium.
• the saponification reaction of the fatty acids is allowed to proceed with the metal compound (s) at a temperature of about 100 to 110 ° C.
• the water formed is then evaporated by cooking the mixture at a temperature of about 200 ° C.
• the grease is then cooled by the remaining fraction of base oil.
• the additives are then incorporated at about 80 ° C.
• the mixture is then kneaded for a time sufficient to obtain a homogeneous fat composition.
• the consistency of a grease measures its hardness or fluidity at rest. It is quantified by the depth of penetration of a cone of given dimensions and mass. The fat is previously subjected to mixing. The conditions for measuring the consistency of a grease are defined by ASTM D 217.
• NLGI Rank Consistency according to ASTM D 217 (tenth of a millimeter) 000 445 - 475 00 400 - 430 0 335 - 385 1 310 - 340 2 265 - 295 3 220 - 250 4 175 - 205 5 130 - 160 6 85 - 115
• the greases according to the invention are preferably fluid or semi-fluid greases with a consistency greater than 265 tenths of a millimeter, preferably between 265 and 385 tenths of a millimeter according to ASTM D217.
• they are NLGI grade 0, 1 or 2, that is to say that their consistency is respectively between 335 and 385, or 310 and 340, or 265 and 295 tenths of a millimeter according to ASTM D217.
• Grease compositions containing various friction modifiers and / or organo phospho sulfur compounds are prepared from a grease foot comprising mineral and synthetic base oils thickened with complex lithium soap.
• the composition of the mixture leading to this foot of fat is shown in Table 1 below.
• the term "grease foot” commonly refers to a person skilled in the art as a grease composition containing only base oils and thickeners, and no additive.
• Table 1 fat foot composition Compound % mass Mineral oils (150 NS + naphthenic) 78.34 Synthetic oils (PAO 6) 8.89 12 hydroxystearic acid 8.99 Azelaic acid 1.80 Lime lime 0.24 lithia 1.73
• the base oil mixture is set so that its viscosity at 40 ° C. according to ASTM D 445 is between 40 and 140 cSt, preferably between 90 and 100 cSt.
• Example 1 The greases prepared in Example 1 were evaluated by measuring their coefficient of friction on Cameron Plint cylinder / plane tribometer friction.
• Table 3 The coefficient of friction values are the average over the last 40 seconds of each level.
• Table 3 Cameron Plint tribometer friction coefficient Coefficient of friction (AT) (B) (VS) (D) 100 N to 5 mm / s 0.091 0.062 0,075 0.091 100 N to 15 mm / s 0.089 0,051 0,076 0.090 150 N at 5 mm / s 0,100 0.067 0.086 0,100 150 N to 15 mm / s 0.097 0,061 0,085 0.098 200 N at 5 mm / s 0,100 0,070 0.096 0,100 200 N at 15 mm / s 0,100 0.067 0.094 0,100
• the anti-wear properties of the greases prepared in Example 1 were evaluated using the 4-ball wear test, according to ASTM D2266.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=42035555

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Families Citing this family (17)

Family Cites Families (14)

• 2009
  • 2009-09-10 FR FR0904326A patent/FR2949786B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-09-10 CA CA2771772A patent/CA2771772C/fr active Active
  • 2010-09-10 PL PL10763021T patent/PL2475752T3/pl unknown
  • 2010-09-10 BR BR112012005498-8A patent/BR112012005498B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-09-10 US US13/394,445 patent/US20120165104A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-09-10 JP JP2012528495A patent/JP5668069B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-09-10 WO PCT/IB2010/054099 patent/WO2011030315A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2010-09-10 ES ES10763021.2T patent/ES2640399T3/es active Active
  • 2010-09-10 KR KR1020127009187A patent/KR101774902B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-09-10 EP EP10763021.2A patent/EP2475752B1/fr active Active
  • 2010-09-10 CN CN201080040328.6A patent/CN102482604B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-09-10 MX MX2012002923A patent/MX2012002923A/es unknown
• 2012
  • 2012-03-02 IN IN1906DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN01906A/en unknown

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events