EP2448690A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum laserunterstützten biegen von werkstücken - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum laserunterstützten biegen von werkstückenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2448690A1 EP2448690A1 EP10744651A EP10744651A EP2448690A1 EP 2448690 A1 EP2448690 A1 EP 2448690A1 EP 10744651 A EP10744651 A EP 10744651A EP 10744651 A EP10744651 A EP 10744651A EP 2448690 A1 EP2448690 A1 EP 2448690A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bending
- bending die
- radiation
- workpiece
- base body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 341
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 48
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/02—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on press brakes without making use of clamping means
- B21D5/0209—Tools therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a bending die according to the preamble of patent claim 11.
- brittle materials such as magnesium, titanium, spring steels, high-strength Al alloys, high-strength steels or other known as brittle materials
- the problem is that when deformed by bending these materials do not have sufficient plastic deformability and therefore break during the bending process or along the Forming zone cracks or other undesirable deformations occur.
- a parameter that can characterize the relevant behavior of materials is the so-called breaking elongation, ie the value of the plastic deformation that a work piece to be reshaped can endure up to the occurrence of a break.
- breaking elongation ie the value of the plastic deformation that a work piece to be reshaped can endure up to the occurrence of a break.
- yield ratio which sets the required tension in a workpiece at the beginning of a noticeable plastic deformation in relation to the stress prevailing in the workpiece at break load.
- EP 0 993 345 A1 discloses a method for bending a workpiece by mechanical force under selective heating of the workpiece Workpiece along a bending line by laser radiation, in which an elongated radiation field is formed from one or more laser beams and in which a heating zone is formed on the workpiece through the radiation field at all points along the bending line.
- the device for shaping the linear radiation field comprises cylindrical lenses and / or cylindrical mirrors with which a radiation field is fed through an opening in the bending die to the tool.
- a laser beam is split by a beam-forming optical system consisting of a prism mirror, two cylindrical lenses and two cylindrical deflecting mirrors into two radiation fields which are guided by the bending die onto the workpiece and respectively produce a linear heating zone ,
- the thus transformed laser beam is supplied through a slot-like opening in the bottom of the die to the workpiece.
- the object of the invention is to provide a generic bending method or a bending die which can be used for this purpose, which can be better used for practical application.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a bending die with the features of claim 10.
- the outer dimensions of such a bending die can in particular correspond to those of conventional bending tools, whereby in the application no geometrie employmenten restrictions over conventional bending tools are required.
- the beam influencing arrangement comprises means for redirecting and / or shaping and / or splitting concentrated beams, whereby a beam which is distributed as uniformly as possible in a plane, in particular a beam fan, is generated from a bundled beam which propagates substantially in a straight line.
- the tool body allows the same bending processes as a conventional bending die suitable for free bending. At the same time, the tool body forms an enclosure for the high-energy radiation, which also measures to protect workers are simplified.
- a refinement of the method consists in dividing the at least one concentrated beam into at least two concentrated partial beams by means of the beam influencing arrangement in the main tool body, of which at least one partial beam is deflected, widened and guided through the beam exit opening to the workpiece.
- a partial beam after expansion is available for local heating of the workpiece and a second partial beam can be guided to a location distant therefrom, in particular to a different heating zone on the workpiece than to the workpiece zone irradiated by the first partial beam.
- the method can be further supplemented by the fact that the concentrated beam or the concentrated partial beams are used by means of the beam influencing device. At least one concentrated partial beam bundle is coupled out and passed on through a beam transmission opening in the main tool body to an adjacent bending die.
- the method can also be used with bent recesses arranged directly next to one another with only one radiation source, and the application is not limited to a single bending die, whereby even large bending lengths become accessible to the method according to the invention.
- a jet entry opening with adjoining beam influencing arrangement is likewise provided, with which the at least one concentrated bundle of rays introduced into the further tool base body can be guided along the bending recess onto the workpiece.
- the method can also be carried out in the form that with two or more juxtaposed bending dies in each bending die by the Strahlbeeinpoundungsanssen a certain proportion, preferably in all bending dies the same or adapted to the workpiece an adjustable variable proportion of the beam power of the beam - Lung source is passed to the respective bending recess, whereby at least approximately uniform power density is effected along the bending line or the power density is adaptable to the power requirement in each case. This ensures that each part of the forming zone of the workpiece undergoes the required heating and the desired bending result over the entire bending length is achieved in the same quality.
- At least one introduced concentrated line-shaped beam is split into at least two or more fan beams which, with a uniform distribution along the forming zone, ensure uniform heating of the workpiece in this area.
- a means for dividing the beam into a plurality of partial beams are, for example, beam splitter plates, combinations of half wave plates followed by a polarizing filter, beam splitter cube, polarization beam splitter or similar beam splitting optical elements in question.
- the spreading or widening of the split-off partial beams takes place, for example, by cylindrical lenses or convex mirrors.
- An advantageous embodiment variant of the method consists in that at least two concentrated high-energy beam bundles are introduced into the main tool body and from each beam by means of the beam influencing arrangement a partial beam bundle is coupled out and forwarded to a neighboring bending die.
- a bending die arrangement there are thus two or more bundles of rays passing through the bending dies one after the other, of which one part in each bending die is deflected towards the workpiece and another part is passed on to the next bending die.
- any number of similar bending dies can be successively strung together to form a bending die assembly, the total length being limited only by the total power of the introduced concentrated beams, since the forwarded partial beams in their course through the decoupled and deflected to the workpiece shares in their performance gradually or gradually decrease.
- the beam-influencing arrangement incorporated in the bending die can comprise two or more beam splitter elements arranged one after the other in a beam path with decreasing transmission degrees and increasing degrees of reflection.
- the first beam splitter element have a transmittance of 50% and a second beam splitter element have a transmittance of 0%, whereby 50% of the beam power are directed to the workpiece at the first beam splitter element and 50% are also passed to the workpiece at the second beam splitter element.
- the first beam splitter element has a transmittance of 66%
- the second beam splitter element a transmittance of 50%
- the third beam splitter element of 0% whereby at each beam splitter element 33% of the original beam power to the workpiece are coupled out.
- the last beam splitter of such a beam Accordingly, the influencing arrangement is advantageously designed as a 100% reflecting beam splitter or as a mirror.
- polarization beam splitter elements For decoupling of concentrated partial beams from the introduced concentrated beam in Biegegesenk polarization beam splitter elements can be used advantageously that allow using polarizing filter elements or half wave plates to influence the proportion of transmitted partial beams and deflected partial beams variable mutually.
- FTIR elements variably coated beam splitter plates with decreasing degrees of transmission or so-called FTIR elements are possible, comprising two pressed by a piezo actuator 45 ° prisms, which have different degrees of transmission depending on the size of an adjustable air gap between the two prisms the transmission can be regulated with the piezo voltage, which are explained below.
- a solid-state laser for example, a Nd-YAG laser device or a gas laser, for example, a CO2 laser device, which are characterized by high beam performance and are already present in many production plants.
- the power delivered by the radiation source and / or the duration of exposure of the radiation to the material and / or the geometric dimensions of the workpiece to be bent can be adapted by means of a control device.
- the tax Device can be realized by the control device of the bending press as well as by the control device of the radiation source or a separate control device.
- the bending die at least two ray paths can be spaced apart from one another and arranged parallel to one another, wherein the ray paths can each be formed by separate channels or bores in the tool base body or else run in a common ray channel or a corresponding cavity in the interior of the bending die. Accordingly, the plurality of beam paths for multiple beams may connect to a common beam entry port or multiple dedicated beam entry ports.
- the individual beams can be redirected by their own arranged in the respective beam paths beam influencing arrangements, in particular beam splitter elements and / or Strahlumschieri at different positions to the workpiece, whereby a uniform distribution of the radiation power along the forming zone of the workpiece can be done .
- a beam deflection element can preferably be used a prism, a mirror or a beam splitter element.
- the beam influencing arrangement preferably comprises at least one cylindrical lens for beam widening, which causes a line-shaped beam or a line-like beam to be widened into a beam fan extending in a plane, preferably in the bending plane, whereby the beam power of a single concentrated beam or partial beam is directed onto a beam elongated surface is distributed to the workpiece.
- the cylindrical lens can also be used to further fan out an already fanned beam in the same beam plane if the cylindrical lens has a curvature axis perpendicular to the plane of the beam and thus does not alter the plane of the widened fan beam.
- the beam influencing arrangement comprises at least one beam splitter element for generating at least two partial beams, whereby a part of the concentrated introduced beam can be used for local heating of the workpiece and the second partial beam optionally also for heating the workpiece in the same bending die or for forwarding to a next bending die is available.
- the beam splitter element in the bending die can comprise a half-wave plate with motor drive, for example in the form of a stepping motor, which can be rotated about the main optical axis, with which the polarization plane of a concentrated, polarized beam can be rotated and thereby the degree of decoupling on a subsequent polarization beam splitter element can be varied.
- a variable beam splitter element for polarized beams thus comprises a rotatable half-wave plate and a polarization beam splitter element.
- a so-called Pockels cell a photoelastic modulator or an optical element under mechanical tension is an alternative to a half-wave plate rotated by a stepper motor at.
- a Pockels cell is based on an electro-optic effect where a medium, e.g. a crystal of lithium niobate, under the influence of a variable electric field changes its refractive index and thus also a variable polarization rotation is possible. To achieve this effect, although relatively high voltages are required, but these are technically easy to control.
- a photoelastic modulator is based on the photoelastic effect used in the voltage optics to visualize stress states in transparent objects. By mechanical stresses, the polarization effect of such a modulator can be changed. The mechanical stresses can thereby be generated by the fact that the optically active element itself is designed as a piezo actuator, the at
- Piezo actuator are also well suited for automated control by means of a feedback circuit, which measures the intensity of the decoupled partial beam and generates from this signal a control signal for the controllable beam splitter element or the upstream polarization-controlling unit to automatically a uniform power distribution to all To reach partial beams.
- the reference signal for each feedback circuit may possibly be the power measurement of the last partial beam, which is deflected by a completely reflecting beam splitter element or mirror, so that all the feedback circuits try to achieve the same power for their partial beam as in the last partial beam.
- Beam splitter elements which are also suitable for unpolarized radiation beams can be formed, for example, using a frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) element with piezo actuator for gap width adjustment.
- FTIR frustrated total internal reflection
- a so-called Powell lens as a beam splitter element, with which also a partial beam of rays can be coupled out of a concentrated beam.
- a Powell lens has an aspherical profile in a coordinate direction and is plane in the orthogonal coordinate, so that a nearly homogenized line-shaped radiation field is formed from a beam and can be used as beam fan.
- an advantageous arrangement of beam splitter stages can be formed as follows: an incoming concentrated beam is brought into a possibly unpolarized state with a depolarizer and subsequently with a first polarization filter, if necessary already outside the bending die, divided into two equally strong linearly polarized partial beams.
- the plane of polarization of the partial beams can be rotated and together with the subsequent polarization splitter element, the linearly polarized rays in a defined polarization plane pass unhindered and reflected perpendicularly polarized beams can be adjusted by rotating the half-wave plate, the plane of polarization of the partial beam, thereby also the proportion of the beam power reflected or transmitted by the polarization splitter element can be actively influenced.
- the respective decoupled beam intensity can be adapted to the number of required decoupling.
- the bending recess is formed in a bending die according to the invention by an elongated groove, in particular a V-groove, whereby it can be used for universally applicable free bending.
- the beam path of the concentrated and undeflected beam or partial beam in the interior of the tool body runs approximately parallel to the groove.
- such bending dies can be arranged in a simple manner in a row to form a bending die arrangement, which is adapted to the dimensions of workpieces.
- the beam influencing arrangement of the bending die can furthermore comprise at least one collimation lens in the beam path of at least one beam or of the partial beams, whereby the beam expansion inevitably occurring in one beam path can be compensated.
- the beam influencing arrangement arranged in the beam path of the beam or a partial beam preferably comprises a half-wave plate, at least one cylindrical lens and a prism, the half-wave plate serving to rotate the plane of polarization of a decoupled or deflected beam or partial beam, the cylindrical lens serving to fan out the beam Prism for deflecting and / or splitting the fan beam is used.
- the fanned partial beams are directed by prisms substantially within a common propagation plane, preferably in the bending plane to the bending line or the forming zone on the workpiece.
- the beam passing on a prism takes place at least approximately at the Brewster angle, in which only a small reflection loss occurs.
- the beam influencing arrangement can also be constructed such that it comprises a beam splitter element, which splits the concentrated beam into two or more partial beams, and a beam shaping element arranged between beam splitter element and beam exit opening, which at least one partial beam emitted by the beam splitter element into the region of the forming zone of the workpiece distributed.
- a beam splitter element which splits the concentrated beam into two or more partial beams
- a beam shaping element arranged between beam splitter element and beam exit opening, which at least one partial beam emitted by the beam splitter element into the region of the forming zone of the workpiece distributed.
- lenses, mirrors, prisms in all suitable embodiments can be used as beam shaping elements.
- the jet inlet opening and the jet forwarding opening of such a bending die are preferably arranged along a straight line and the beam influencing arrangement is located on the connecting line between them.
- the tool base body has an approximately U-shaped cross section through the flat tool sections, wherein the beam influencing device is arranged in the interior of the U and the workpiece to be bent rests on the legs of the U.
- the mechanical strength of the bending die according to the invention can be substantially increased if at least one spacer element and at least one clamping element that clamps the tool base body against the spacer element are arranged between the beam influencing arrangement and the radiation outlet opening.
- An expansion of the bending die by the bending punch and the workpiece during the bending process can be counteracted, and the better, the closer the spacer element or the spacer elements are positioned at the beam exit opening or the bending recess.
- these spacer elements provide additional security against penetration of the bending punch into the interior of the bending die, which could destroy this and in particular the beam-influencing arrangement.
- Biegeaus originallyung averted end portion has a recordable in a standard tool holder a press brake connection profile.
- This connection profile can have additional grooves, which can cooperate with optionally present in the tool holder latching elements.
- the abutment surface of the bending die is made of a material of lower Thermal conductivity is formed.
- the contact surface can be formed for example by strip-shaped PEEK plastic elements which are attached to the top of the tool body.
- the contact points which interact with the workpiece after the beginning of the forming process can be positioned on the tool body itself for reasons of stability.
- the tool base body can consist, at least in sections, of metal with a low thermal conductivity. Furthermore, since a thermal expansion of the tool body exiting through the increase in temperature of the bending die should remain as small as possible, it is advantageously possible to produce it from a metal with a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
- the bending die between the beam exit opening and contact surface at least one adjustable shielding to cover not covered by workpieces sections of the bending recess provided.
- This shielding element can be designed as a slide which is adjustable along the bending recess, and thereby, depending on the bending length of the workpiece, a part of the bending recess not covered by the latter is covered by the shielding element.
- a bending die according to the invention can also be embodied such that the tool base body comprises a die adapter which forms the contact surface and the bending recess and which is interchangeably arranged on the remaining part of the tool base body containing the beam influencing arrangements.
- the tool base body can be adapted to different bending tasks by exchanging the die adapter; in particular, the die width can be modified, which substantially increases the range of use of such a bending die.
- such a bending die which is relatively expensive due to the built-in beam influencing arrangements, can be used more frequently and thus more economically.
- a structurally advantageous longitudinal dimension of a bending die according to the invention is preferably 100 mm, whereby sufficient space for installation of common and readily available optical components in the interior of the tool base body and for these dimensions half wave plates, beam splitter prisms, polarization beam splitters, Kollimations- lenses, cylindrical lenses, etc. are cheap available.
- a bending sound length of 100 mm allows, with an overall height of the bending die of, for example, 120 mm, the introduction of two concentrated radiation bundles from which spatially one after the other staggered one partial beam can be coupled out.
- a plurality of bending dies according to the invention can be connected directly adjacent to one Biegegesenkan- order, in particular embodiments of Biegegesenke with decoupling and forwarding of partial beams are suitable, since in this case only a radiation source is required.
- a bending die according to the invention or a bending die arrangement comprising a plurality of bending dies according to the invention preferably comprises an interface for mechanical connection and optical coupling with a radiation source in order to be able to introduce a concentrated beam emitted by the latter through the beam inlet opening into the bending die.
- the inventive method or a bending die according to the invention can advantageously be used for bending workpieces made of a material selected from a group comprising magnesium, titanium, tungsten, aluminum, iron, alloys of these metals, spring steel, glass, plastic.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a bending tool assembly for forming a
- Workpiece by means of the method according to the invention comprising a bending counter and a bending punch
- FIG. 2 shows a section through a bending die along line II-II in FIG. 1 with schematically illustrated guidance and distribution of high-energy radiation within the bending die;
- FIG. 3 shows a section through a further embodiment of a bending die with introduction of a concentrated beam and two beam influencing arrangements
- 4 shows a section through a further embodiment of a bending die with introduction of two concentrated beams and two beam influencing arrangements
- FIG. 5 shows a section through a bending die arrangement comprising at least two bending sinks according to the embodiment in FIG. 2 with additional means for transmitting the beam and a shielding device on the bending die;
- FIG. 6 shows a section through a bending die arrangement comprising at least two bending dies according to the embodiment in FIG. 4 with additional means for beam transmission;
- FIG. 7 shows a section through a further embodiment of a bending die with guidance and distribution of high-energy radiation through two beam influencing arrangements within the bending die;
- Fig. 8 shows a possible embodiment of a beam splitter used in a bending die.
- identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals or identical component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to identical parts with the same reference numerals and component names.
- the position information selected in the description such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to a new position analogous to the new situation.
- individual features or combinations of features from the various exemplary embodiments shown and described may also represent separate solutions in their own right, according to the invention or in accordance with the invention.
- a bending tool assembly 1 is shown, which is suitable for bending a workpiece 2 using the method according to the invention.
- the bending tool assembly 1 comprises a bending die 3, which is arranged on a partially indicated, fixed first press bar 4 or press table of a bending press or a press brake and only partially indicated bending punch 5, which is arranged on an adjustable second press bar, not shown, and together with this Performing a bending deformation in the adjustment 6 is mounted adjustable.
- the bending die 3 comprises a tool base body 7 which substantially corresponds in its external dimensions to a conventional bending die.
- the bending die 3 preferably has a connection profile 8 which is suitable for receiving in a standard tool receptacle 9 of a press bar 4.
- the bending recess 11 is formed as a V-groove 12 and the bending die 3 thus formed by a V-die 13.
- the bending punch 5 has a wedge-shaped cross section whose wedge angle corresponds approximately to the angle of the V-groove 12.
- the bending recess 11 or generally the main tool body 7 can also have any other cross-sectional shape, with the bending operation allows a supportive concern of the workpiece to be bent 2 Biegegesenk 3 along two lines between which the punch 5 acts.
- the bending recess 11 may also have an approximately rectangular cross-section.
- the bending process which can be carried out with such a bending tool arrangement 1 is also referred to as folding, and can be carried out as a bending or as a stamping bending.
- the vertical plane of symmetry of the punch 5 or the bending recess 11 in FIG. 1 is referred to as the bending plane 14 and its point of intersection with the contact surface 10 as the bending line 15, wherein the bending plane 14 coincides in the exemplary embodiments simultaneously with a plane of radiation. within which the high-energy radiation mostly runs.
- the bending line 15 thus runs in the middle of a forming zone 16, in which the plastic deformation of the workpiece 2 takes place during the bending process.
- the method according to the invention before or during the deformation by a beam outlet opening 17 indicated by dashed lines high-energy radiation 18 is passed to the forming zone 16 at the bottom 19 of the contact surface 10 of the workpiece 2, whereby this is locally heated strongly and thereby the mechanical technological properties are changed so that the bending can be done with the required quality of the finished workpiece 2.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used for brittle materials in which, by heating the material, a lowering of the yield strength or a proportionality limit, e.g. the 0.2% yield strength, can be achieved and the workpiece 2 can thereby endure the required for plastic deformation now at a lower level voltages without exceeding the strength limits.
- the high-energy radiation 18 is preferably formed by laser radiation, but it is also possible that alternatively or in addition, another high-energy radiation mode propagating according to the laws of optics is used for heating the workpiece 2.
- the high-energy radiation 18 impinging on the workpiece 2 is arranged here by a member arranged outside the bending die 3 or at a distance from the bending die 3
- Radiation source 20 is generated and introduced in the form of at least one concentrated beam 21 through a radiation inlet opening 22 in the tool base body 7 in the interior of the bending die 3.
- the diameter of such a beam 21 is normally a few millimeters, for the inventive method is to start from a diameter of the concentrated beam 21 of less than 20 mm.
- the beam 21 extends in the interior of the bending die 3 along a beam path 23 which is formed, for example, by a beam channel 24 passing through the tool base body 7.
- the beam 21 impinges on a beam influencing arrangement 25 within the tool base body 7, from which the beam 21 is deflected, expanded and passed through the beam exit opening 17 to the forming zone 16 of the workpiece 2.
- the originally horizontally extending beam 21 is deflected by the beam influencing arrangement 25 approximately vertically upwards and expanded to a fan beam 26, which exits through the beam exit opening 17 in the bending recess 11 and at the bottom 19 to the forming zone 16 of the workpiece 2 hits.
- the concentrated beam 21 is thus converted by the beam influencing arrangement 25 into a fan beam 26, which causes a line-like heating zone on the workpiece 2.
- the beam influencing arrangement 25 comprises, as schematically indicated in FIG. 2, a beam deflecting element 27 and a beam-shaping element 28.
- the beam influencing arrangement 25 can also be formed by a single optical element which can simultaneously act as a beam deflecting element 27 and as a beam-shaping element 28.
- a convex mirror could be used, which is arranged in the interior of the tool body 7 and the concentrated beam 21 deflects in the direction of the workpiece 2 and at the same time widens to a fan beam 26.
- the beam deflecting element 27 may be formed, for example, by a plane mirror, a prism or another reflecting surface with a corresponding orientation, while the beam-shaping element 28 may be formed by a lens, a convex mirror or concave mirror, with cylindrical optical elements being fanned out into a flat fan beam 26 can be used, which have a curvature only in one direction and at right angles to this direction have no or only relatively small curvature.
- FIG. 1 further shows that the tool base body 7 comprises two mutually parallel and spaced-apart tool sections 29 and 30, between which the beam influencing arrangement 25 is arranged, thereby protecting it from mechanical damage and forming an enclosure for the high-energy radiation 18 introduced is that can emerge essentially only through the radiation outlet opening 17.
- the two tool sections 29 and 30 are loaded during a bending process by the horizontal component of the bending die 3 transmitted to the workpiece 2 bending force to the outside, is provided to increase the mechanical stability of the bending die 3, the two tool sections 29 and 30 by means of a clamping element 31 are clamped together, wherein the distance between the two tool sections 29 and 30 is determined by means of a spacer 32.
- the clamping element 31 is positioned between the beam influencing arrangement 25 and the beam exit opening 17, in particular as close as possible to the bending recess 11.
- Figure 2 shows the arrangement of two clamping elements 31, approximately in the form of screws of any kind, on Biegegesenk 3, which protrude through the two tool sections 29 and 30 in corresponding through holes and clamped with nuts, the two tool sections 29 and 30 against the spacers 32 arranged between them ,
- the tool sections 29 and 30 can be fixed by means of alternative, equivalent screw connections, such as with internal threads in one of the tool sections.
- the clamping elements 31 are preferably positioned outside of the fan beam 26, whereby as little radiation as possible hits the clamping elements 31 or spacers 32.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the bending die 3, which is possibly independent of itself, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are again used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the bending die 3 shown in FIG. 3 differs from the bending die 3 described with reference to FIG. 2 in that it contains two beam influencing arrangements 25a and 25b arranged one behind the other in the tool base 7 in the direction of propagation of the beam 21.
- the concentrated beam bundle 21 introduced through the beam entry opening 22 is split by the first beam influencing arrangement 25a into two partial beams 33a and 33b, of which the first sub-beam 33a is deflected by the beam influencing arrangement 25a, converted into a first beam fan 26a and directed to the workpiece 2, and the second partial beam 33b is forwarded by the beam influencing arrangement 25a in extension of the original beam 21 to the second beam influencing arrangement 25b, deflected by the latter, converted into a second beam fan 26b and directed to the workpiece 2.
- the first beam influencing arrangement 25a comprises a beam splitter element 34, which simultaneously forms the beam deflection element 27 in this exemplary embodiment.
- the beam splitter element 34 can also effect a stepwise or variably adjustable division of the beam 21 into partial beams 33a and 33b of different beam power, whereby the beam guidance and distribution within the bending die 3 can be adapted for different applications.
- the beam splitter element 34 is formed by an optical component and divides the introduced beam 21 into the second sub-beam 33b, which is forwarded without change of direction and into the first beam 33a, which is redirected by 90 °.
- the beam splitter element 34 comprises, for example, a beam splitter plate, a polarization filter, a beam splitter cube, a polarizing beam splitter cube, an FTIR beam splitter, a Pockels cell, a photoelastic modulator, a Powell lens or optical elements with utilization of polarization-optical, photoelastic or electro-optical optical effects.
- the effect of the beam splitting can be effected by optically active materials, such as in polarizing filters or by beam splitter layers, such as in a beam splitter cube, with which an intensity distribution of the incoming beam is achieved.
- optically active materials such as in polarizing filters or by beam splitter layers, such as in a beam splitter cube, with which an intensity distribution of the incoming beam is achieved.
- Such intensity beam splitters can separate light beams with one wavelength or also polychromatic light beams into a transmitted and a reflected portion, wherein different division ratios are possible.
- Beam splitter layers can be formed by metallic layers or dielectric multilayers, with dielectric multilayers, with the use of polarization effects, being well suited for the method according to the invention.
- beam splitter plates consist of a plane-parallel plate of glass, quartz or a uniaxial crystal with a dielectric or metallic coating. Due to the thickness of the beam splitter plates, the transmitted beam experiences a slight beam offset.
- Beam splitter cubes are made from two 90 ° prisms cemented to their hypotenuses, with the beam-splitting coating attached to a hypotenuse and a transmitted beam experiencing no offset.
- FTIR beam splitter elements work on the principle of "Frustrated Total Internal Reflection" by utilizing reflection and absorption effects on beam splitter cubes with an air gap between two 90 ° prisms, whereby this shape of a beam splitter is well suited, by adjusting the air gap a controllable Beam splitting effect, for example by means of piezo actuators, which can adjust the prisms of the beam splitter relative to each other and thereby change the air gap or by direct formation of the prisms of optically transparent piezoelectric material such as LiNbC ⁇ , which can be influenced by applying a voltage in its dimension.
- the fan beams 26a and 26b formed by the two beam influencing arrangements 25a and 25b from the beam 21 are guided to the underside of the workpiece 2 in such a way that they overlap and the two beam intensities add up to the irradiated bending line 15. Since the radiation intensity of a radiation field often has a bell-shaped curve distribution, it is possible, by superimposing edge zones, on adjacent The radiation fan 26a and 26b a more uniform distribution of radiation along the bending line 15 can be achieved.
- the first beam influencing arrangement 25a comprises a beam splitter element 34, a beam deflecting element 27, these two being able to be formed by a single optical element, and a beam shaping element 28.
- the second beam influencing arrangement 25b does not require a beam splitter element 34 in the exemplary embodiment shown, since the decoupled second Partial beam 33b is completely redirected to the workpiece 2.
- the second beam influencing arrangement 25b also to include a beam splitter element 34 if it can be adjusted in such a way that the second beam 33b is completely deflected and transformed without decoupling a further partial beam.
- the second beam influencing arrangement 25b can be embodied identically to the first beam influencing arrangement 25a, in which the beam splitter element 34 is set so that the power is divided between the two partial beams 33a and 33b in the ratio 50%: 50%.
- the beam splitter elements 34a, 34b, 34c,... Should be set such that the beam power of the radiation bundle 21 is split in the desired ratio over a plurality of beam pockets 26a, 26b, ... is directed to the workpiece 2.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the bending die 3, which is possibly independent of itself, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are again used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
- two concentrated radiation beams 21 'and 21 are introduced into the main tool body 7 and the two radiation beams 21' and 21" are deflected by a beam influencing arrangement 25 'or 25 “and conveyed to a fan beam 26' or 26", respectively. transformed, which are passed to the workpiece 2.
- the tool base body 7 has two beam entry openings 22 'and 22 ", to which beam channels 24' and 24" connect, which lead to the beam influencing arrangements 25 'and 25 ".
- the introduced beams 21 ', 21 " are generated in the illustrated embodiment by means of a beam splitter optics 35 arranged outside of the bending die 3 from a single concentrated beam 21, but it is also possible for each beam 21', 21", ... by its own Radiation source 20 ', 20 ", ....
- the beam influencing arrangements 25' and 25" comprise in each case at least one respective beam deflection element 27 'or 27 “and one beam shaping element 28' or 28".
- the beam splitter optics 35 can be based on the same optical components that are used for beam splitting with beam splitter arrangements 25 within the bending die 3.
- FIG. 4 further shows the superposition of the two radiation intensities 36 'and 36 "of the two beam fans 26' and 26" in the region of the bending line 15, wherein it can be seen that by suitable superposition of beam fans 26 one for the purpose of local heating of the workpiece 2 along the bending line 15 sufficiently uniform resulting total radiation intensity is achieved.
- FIG. 5 shows a bending die arrangement 37 which is suitable for bending workpieces 2 having a longer dimension in the area of the bending line 15 and which is composed of at least two bending dies 3 a and 3 b arranged next to each other.
- a concentrated radiation beam 21 emitted by a radiation source 20, not shown is introduced through a beam entry opening 22 into the first bending die 3a or its tool base body 7, and divided therein into a first partial beam 33a and a second partial beam 33b by means of a first beam influencing arrangement 25a , As already described with reference to FIGS.
- the first partial beam 33a is deflected, converted into a beam fan 26a and directed to the workpiece 2, while the second partial beam 33b leaves the tool base 7 of the first bending die 3a through a beam forwarding opening 38 directly through a subsequent beam outlet opening 22 of the second bending die 3b is introduced into the tool base body 7 and deflected here by means of a second beam influencing arrangement 25b, formed into a beam fan 26b and directed to the workpiece 2 above the bending recess 11 of the second bending die 3b.
- a second beam influencing arrangement 25b formed into a beam fan 26b and directed to the workpiece 2 above the bending recess 11 of the second bending die 3b.
- the bending die assembly 37 may be further extended by a further subsequent third bending die 3c, wherein in this embodiment of a bending die assembly 37, the second beam influencing assembly 25b, like the first beam influencing assembly 25a, comprises a beam splitter element 34, respectively a partial beam 33 c decouples and leads to the workpiece 2 and a partial beam 33 d on the beam forwarding opening 38 to the next Biegegesenk 3 c passes on.
- the maximum length of such a bending die arrangement 37 is limited by the total power of the introduced beam 21 and the per Biegegesenk 3 for sufficient heating of the overlying portion of the workpiece 2 required partial beam power.
- the beam guidance of a bending die arrangement 37 corresponds to its effect of the beam guidance in a bending die 3 according to FIG. 3, wherein the total length of the bending line 15 is achieved by assembling a plurality of modular bending dies 3a, 3b,..., While in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG maximum length of a bending line 15 is limited by the total length of the bending die 3.
- This embodiment of a bending die 3 according to the invention for forming a bending die arrangement 37 has a beam path 23 extending from the beam entry opening 22 to the beam influencing arrangement 25 and a beam path 23 extending from the beam influencing arrangement 25 to a beam forwarding opening 38, wherein the beam entry opening 22 and the beam forwarding opening 38 are at the same height, and thereby the juxtaposition of several such Biegegesenke 3 is easily possible.
- FIG. 5 further shows a measure for increasing the working safety in the environment of such a bending die arrangement 37, which can also be used when using individual bending dies 3 according to the invention. Since the bending length of a workpiece 2 to be bent in most cases does not coincide with the total length of a bending die 3 or a bending die arrangement 37, in a section 39 of the bending recess 11 which is not covered by workpiece 2, high-energy radiation will emerge which still has a radiation intensity in which damage to health of an operator in the Environment of the bending tool assembly 1 can not be excluded.
- a subsection 39 is covered by means of a shielding element 40, whereby the high-energy radiation is prevented from exiting the bending die 3.
- the radiation emerging through the radiation outlet opening 17 into the bending recess 11 is at least partially absorbed by the shielding element 40 or reflected back into the interior of the bending die 3 in this case.
- the underside of the shielding element 40 can additionally have a dissipative surface, as a result of which the reflected radiation continues to decrease in intensity and is distributed over larger areas of the interior of the die.
- the shielding element 40 may advantageously be adjustable by means of an adjustment device, not shown, in the direction of the arrow 41.
- Such a shielding element 40 could also be provided on the right-hand end of a bending die arrangement 37 or a single bending die 3 in FIG. 5, but it is structurally simpler if a workpiece 2 to be bent is always positioned on a fixed stop 42 and an approximation of a shielding element 40 This is required only from one side.
- the abutment of the shielding element 40 on the workpiece 2 to be bent can be ensured by approaching the workpiece 2 with a certain minimum force, wherein additionally a mechanical or optical interrogation of the workpiece contacting and thus the complete shielding of the subsection 39 is ensured can.
- This can be done, for example, in that the shielding element 40 has at its upper end directed toward the workpiece 2 a check mark 43 which is monitored by a camera (not shown) mounted above the bending die arrangement 37 and under a displacement of the check mark 43 on the shielding element 40 the edge of the workpiece 2 from above through the camera is no longer detectable, which means that the shielding member 40 rests against the workpiece 2.
- the end portion with the check mark 43 has a notch in the region of the bending line 15, so that it can be irradiated at the edge of the workpiece 2 of the high-energy radiation.
- the shielding member 40 is movably mounted in the direction of the double arrow 44 in this embodiment, whereby it can be pressed together with the workpiece 2 in carrying out a bending operation in the interior of the bending recess 11.
- the shielding melement 40 may be stored about pivotable or resilient and is located without the action of the punch 5 in the raised position.
- a bending recess 11 with a rectangular light cross section facilitates this mobility of the shielding element 40 into the interior of the bending recess 11.
- FIG. 6 shows a bending die arrangement 37 for bending a workpiece 2 with two juxtaposed bending dies 3a and 3b, these bending dies 3a and 3b resembling a bending die 3 according to the embodiment in FIG. 4 and containing additional beam paths 23 in which they are decoupled by means of beam splitter elements 34
- Sub-beams 33b ', 33b ", 33d' and 33d" to beam forwarding openings 38 are continued, and thereby can be introduced into an adjacent subsequent Biegegesenk 3.
- the individual beam influencing arrangements 25a ', 25a “, 25b', 25b” each comprise a beam splitter element 34 which can simultaneously form the beam deflecting element 27 and a beam shaping element 28 with the decoupled partial beam 33a ', 33a “, 33c' and 33c". in the form of fan beams 26a ', 26a “, 26c' and 26c" are directed to a workpiece 2.
- the beam influencing arrangements 25 can all be structurally identical if they are suitable for being able to adapt the proportion of transmitted beam power and deflected decoupled beam power to the respective configuration at their beam splitter element 34.
- This adaptation can be done manually, but preferably it is accomplished by means of an automated detection of the tool configuration and / or the workpiece parameters and / or the measured partial beam powers and preferably automatically controlled or regulated by suitable adjusting devices, such as stepper motors or piezo actuators on the beam splitter elements 34.
- suitable adjusting devices such as stepper motors or piezo actuators on the beam splitter elements 34.
- a clamping element 45 is shown in addition, with the juxtaposed bending dies 3a and 3b, ... axially against each other can be clamped.
- the Biegegesenkan für 37 may be provided with end-side termination elements 46, which prevent radiation leakage in the axial direction. Such termination elements 46 may also be clamped by means of the clamping element 45 axially against the two outer bending dies 3, whereby a unit handleable Biegegesenkan für 37 is formed.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a bending die arrangement 37 comprising two bending dies 3a and 3b, which are arranged one after the other in the direction of the bending line 15 and which are in immediate contact with each other. adjacent to each other.
- a concentrated radiation beam 21 is guided by a radiation source, not shown, into the region of the bending die arrangement 37 by means of an external beam splitter optics 35 in the form of a polarization beam splitter cube 47 with subsequent deflection mirror 48 into two concentrated radiation beams 21 'and 21 "is divided, which are introduced through beam inlet openings 22 'and 22" frontally into the first bending die 3 a.
- the original beam 21 is preferably brought in front of the beam splitter optics 35 by means of a depolarizer, not shown, in as unpolarized state, whereby in the beam splitting by the polarization beam splitter cube 47 in a vertically linearly polarized beam 21 'and a horizontally linearly polarized beam 21 "a division of the total beam power in Ratio 50:50 takes place, ie the two beams 21 'and 21 "are at least approximately equally strong.
- the first beam 21' strikes a first beam influencing arrangement 25a ', with which the beam 21' is first divided into two equally strong partial beams 33a 'and 33b', the first partial beam 33a 'deflected and the beam shaping element 28a 'in the form of two lying in a plane crossed fan beams through the beam exit opening 17 to the workpiece 2 is passed.
- the beam influencing arrangement 25a ' comprises, as already described with reference to previous exemplary embodiments, a beam splitter element 34a' and a subsequent beam shaping element 28a '.
- the beam splitter element 34a ' comprises a half-wave plate 49' and a polarization beam splitter cube, which is simply referred to as a polarization beam splitter 50 ', since instead of a polarization beam splitter cube, a plate-shaped polarization filter arranged at an angle in the beam path can also be used. Since the polarization beam splitter 50 'allows a polarization direction to pass unimpeded and reflects the polarization direction perpendicular thereto, the radiation intensity of the resulting partial beams 33a' and 33b 'is distributed as a function of the plane of polarization of the occurring radiation beam 21'.
- the polarization plane of the polarization beam expensive 50' incident beam 21 'by means of the half-wave plate 49' is set at an angle of 45 °. Twice the halving of the beam power at the external beam splitter optics 35 and at the first beam influencing arrangement 25a 'causes one-quarter of the power to be coupled out of the total beam power of the beam 21 at the first beam influencing arrangement 25a' Workpiece 2 is passed.
- By rotating the half-wave plate 49 ' it is also possible for other configurations of the bending die assembly 37 to set different degrees of coupling at the polarization beam splitter 50'.
- the rotation of the half-wave plate can be effected in particular by means of a stepping motor which is connected to the control device of the bending press and decouples the respectively required beam power component as a function of the bending length of a workpiece by controlled or regulated adjustment of the half-wave plate at a beam influencing arrangement.
- the decoupled partial beam 33a ' is, after deflection at the polarization beam splitter 50' at the beam-forming element 28a 'by at least one cylindrical diverging lens or cylindrical lens 51, here of two successive cylindrical plano concave lenses 52 and 53, widened within a plane of rays and through a prism 54 in two partial beam fans 55L and Split 55R in the same beam plane, which are crossed by the beam exit opening 17 to the workpiece 2 are passed and thereby overlap two irradiation zones.
- the beam 21 is split, deflected and reshaped by means of the second beam influencing arrangement 25 a" in the same way as the beam 21 '.
- the two beam influencing arrangements 25a 'and 25a further comprise in each case between the polarization beam splitter 50 and the cylindrical lens 51 a further half-wave plate 56, with which the plane of polarization of the coupled-out partial beams 33a' and 33a" can be rotated by 90 °, so that the passage through the cylindrical lenses 51 and the subsequent prism 54 can be carried out loss as possible, the absorption on the workpiece is increased and the same polarization (parallel to the plane) exists, as in the last two partial beams ..
- the position of the oblique prism sides is selected so that the central optical path with the highest intensity occurs left and right at the outer ends of the two partial beam fans 55L and 55R, whereby sufficiently high radiation intensities are achieved at the edge regions of the partial beam fans and directly in the central region above the prism 54 the two partial beam fans 55L and 55R with their attenuated radiation Overlap intensities, whereby a uniform possible resulting radiation intensity for uniform local heating of the workpiece 2 is achieved.
- an approximately uniform power distribution is given just on the underside 19 of the non-deformed workpiece 2, while this is no longer the case during the forming. It may be advantageous to place this position, at which the distribution of the radiation 18 is most uniform, by a greater inclination of the partial beam compartments 26 to the side clearly below the contact surface 10 and the bottom 19 of the non-deformed workpiece 2 and there where the lower side 19 of the workpiece 2 is towards the end of the bending deformation, since in this phase the highest strain occurs due to the high degree of deformation, and it is then that a uniform power input is advantageous to crack or fracture the workpiece 2 due to locally too low temperatures to prevent the forming zone 16.
- the beam passage of the fan beams 26 through the oblique surfaces of the prism 54 is preferably close to the so-called Brewster angle at which the rays polarized in the plane of incidence almost without loss of reflections within the prism 54 emerge from this without loss.
- the previously described half-wave plates 56 after the beam splitter elements 34 cause the polarization planes of the decoupled partial beams 33a 'and 33a "to be rotated into the correct orientation for the purpose of achieving this effect. Due to the position of the fan beams 26 within the bending die, it is further possible for tool sections 29 and 30 (see FIG. 1) to be clamped together by means of clamping elements 31 arranged outside the beam trays 26 but above the beam influencing arrangements 25, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of such bending recesses 3a can be arranged one after the other with beam splitter elements 34 if the decoupling degree at the individual beam splitter elements 34 is set so that the total beam power of the introduced beam 21 is uniformly distributed to all decoupled partial beams 33 deflected to the workpiece 2 becomes.
- a bending die 3b is arranged, in which no forwarding of one or more sub-beams 33 to another bending die 3 is required and therefore as beam deflection element 27 a beam splitter element 34 which deflects 100% of the blasting power to the workpiece 2, or a reflective mirror 56 may be inserted.
- the basic tool bodies 7 of the two bending dies 3a and 3b can be made identical if, by means of corresponding recesses 57, the optical components to be used can be exchanged for those with different properties or can be selectively used or omitted.
- a mirror 56 is inserted and no half wave plate 56 is inserted between mirror 56 and cylindrical lens 51, whereby a bending die 3b can be converted into a bending die 3a with relatively little effort.
- Beam transmission to an adjacent bending die 3a or 3b is suitable, thus may be referred to as Eisengesenk, while a final bending die 3b may be referred to as Endgesenk.
- the optical elements used in a bending die 3 or a bending die arrangement 37 according to the invention are advantageously adapted to the light composition of the radiation source 20 used.
- a He-Ne laser radiation source 20 has a wavelength of 633 nm while an Nd-YAG laser has a wavelength of 1064 nm.
- a CO2 laser which likewise comes into consideration as an energy source, has a typical wavelength of 10600 nm.
- FIG. 8 shows a further possible embodiment of a beam splitter element 34 with variable power distribution between reflected decoupled partial beam 33a and relayed partial beam 33b, in which the radiation beam 21 or a partial beam 33 is introduced into an FTIR beam splitter 59 whose Auskoppelungsgrad can be variably adjusted by means of a piezo actuator 60, by applying a variable voltage to the piezoelectric actuator 60 by its length change a Auskoppelungsgrad determining air gap between two the FTIR beam splitter 59 constructing prisms is changed, whereby its Auskoppelungsgrad in a wide range, preferably between 0% and 100%, can be varied.
- a bending die 3 according to the invention is indicated, in which the tool body 7 comprises a contact surface 10 and the bending recess 11 forming die adapter 61 which is interchangeably arranged on the remaining part of the tool body 7 containing the radiation control arrangement 25.
- the tool base body 7 can be adapted to different bending tasks by exchanging the die adapter 61; in particular, the die width can be changed.
- the die adapter 61 can be made in two parts, wherein both before and behind the bending plane 14, a corresponding adapter part is mounted, however, an embodiment in which approximately the spacer elements 32 are part of the die adapter 61 and this is thereby designed as a mechanically stable unit is advantageous ,
- the exemplary embodiments show possible variants of the method or of the bending die 3, wherein it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiment variants, but rather also various combinations. nations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching of technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field is the expert. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection.
Abstract
Description
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AT0101209A AT508357B1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum laserunterstützten biegen von werkstücken |
PCT/AT2010/000236 WO2011000012A1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2010-06-28 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum laserunterstützten biegen von werkstücken |
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EP2448690A1 true EP2448690A1 (de) | 2012-05-09 |
EP2448690B1 EP2448690B1 (de) | 2014-12-31 |
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EP10744651.0A Not-in-force EP2448690B1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2010-06-28 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum laserunterstützten biegen von werkstücken |
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US (1) | US9527122B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2448690B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT508357B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011000012A1 (de) |
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US9041669B1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-05-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Input/output device |
AT513467B1 (de) | 2012-09-26 | 2014-07-15 | Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh | Verfahren zum Biegen eines Werkstücks |
JP5998007B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-18 | 2016-09-28 | 株式会社アマダホールディングス | ワーク曲げ加工用のダイ |
DE102014200921A1 (de) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-07 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zur formfreien Herstellung eines geformten Glasartikels mit vorbestimmter Geometrie, Verwendung eines verfahrensgemäß hergestellten Glasartikels und geformter Glasartikel |
JP2015020171A (ja) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-02-02 | 株式会社アマダ | レーザアシスト曲げ加工方法及びその装置 |
DE102014110923B4 (de) | 2014-07-31 | 2016-06-02 | Schott Ag | Geformter Glas- oder Glaskeramikartikel |
DE102014110920C5 (de) | 2014-07-31 | 2023-08-03 | Schott Ag | Geformter Glasartikel mit vorbestimmter Geometrie |
DE102017000483B4 (de) | 2017-01-19 | 2020-10-29 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Bauteils |
WO2020105037A1 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-28 | Lauber Yair Zvi | Novel imaging systems and methods |
CN116689559B (zh) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-29 | 辽宁华天航空科技股份有限公司 | 一种钛合金型材热成型的设备及方法 |
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JPH01233019A (ja) | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 金属板のプレス成形方法 |
JPH02280930A (ja) | 1989-04-21 | 1990-11-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | ヘム成形方法 |
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JP3295109B2 (ja) | 1991-10-02 | 2002-06-24 | 株式会社アマダ | 曲げ加工装置 |
DE19514285C1 (de) | 1995-04-24 | 1996-06-20 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken mit Laserdiodenstrahlung |
AT407615B (de) | 1997-07-02 | 2001-05-25 | Inst Spanlose Fertigung Und Ho | Verfahren zum biegen mit laserunterstützung |
JP2001030011A (ja) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-06 | Amada Eng Center Co Ltd | ダイ、パンチ、折り曲げ角度検出方法および折り曲げ加工機 |
AT411023B (de) | 2001-04-04 | 2003-09-25 | Inst Spanlose Fertigung Und Ho | Laserunterstütztes tiefziehen mit halbleiterlasern und festkörperlasern |
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JP2004034074A (ja) | 2002-07-02 | 2004-02-05 | Amada Eng Center Co Ltd | 曲げ加工方法、曲げ加工機、及び温間金型装置 |
US7405114B2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2008-07-29 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Laser irradiation apparatus and method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
AT8674U1 (de) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-11-15 | Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh | Blechbiegeeinrichtung mit einer ablagevorrichtung |
US7514305B1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-04-07 | Ultratech, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for improving the intensity profile of a beam image used to process a substrate |
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2009
- 2009-06-29 AT AT0101209A patent/AT508357B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-06-28 WO PCT/AT2010/000236 patent/WO2011000012A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-06-28 EP EP10744651.0A patent/EP2448690B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-06-28 US US13/381,192 patent/US9527122B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP2448690B1 (de) | 2014-12-31 |
US20120168992A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
AT508357A4 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
US9527122B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
WO2011000012A1 (de) | 2011-01-06 |
AT508357B1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
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