EP2438203A1

EP2438203A1 - Method for producing an agglomerate made of fine material containing metal oxide for use as a blast furnace feed material

Info

Publication number: EP2438203A1
Application number: EP10722706A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Theo GÜNTHER; Matthias BLÖSER; Denise Alfenas Moreira; Arnd Pickbrenner; Christopher Pust; Wolfgang RÜCKERT
Original assignee: Rheinkalk GmbH
Current assignee: Rheinkalk GmbH
Priority date: 2009-06-04
Filing date: 2010-06-04
Publication date: 2012-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-04
Also published as: DE102009023928A1; JP5762403B2; US9988695B2; MX2011012939A; US20120180599A1; EA201101700A8; BRPI1010034A2; CN102459658A; AU2010255697B2; EA201101700A1; RS54006B1; ZA201108924B; BRPI1010034B1; US20160083809A1; EP2438203B1; PL2438203T3; UA103533C2; KR101798162B1; AU2010255697A1; CL2011003071A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an agglomerate, which is used as a blast furnace feed material, by mixing a fine material containing metal and/or metal oxide, a mineral binder, which comprises a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally other additives to form a mass and solidifying the mass to form an agglomerate, wherein a raw material comprising a silicon oxide fraction of at least 40 wt%, a fine grain fraction of less than 4 µm of at least 20 wt%, and a grain size fraction of less than 1 µm of at least 10 wt% is used as the mineral raw material. The invention further relates to a blast furnace feed material that can be produced by means of the method according to the invention, and to a pre-mixture for producing the blast furnace feed material.

Description

METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AGGLOMERATE FROM METAL OXIDE - CONTAINING FEINGUTE FOR

USE AS A HIGH OXER INGREDIENTS

The invention relates to a method for producing an agglomerate comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder. The invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be produced by the process according to the invention, and to a premix for the production of the blast furnace feed.

It is known besides lump ores finely divided iron ore containing substances for the production of

To use blast furnace feeds. Finely divided iron ore-containing substances are obtained, for example, during sieving of the lump or by other treatment methods. The use of these finely divided ores has the advantage that these ores are readily available and inexpensive. It is common to agglomerate the finely divided ores prior to their use. In this way, dust formation in the blast furnace can be kept low. The agglomeration has the additional advantage that the agglomerates formed can be easily melted and have a good gas permeability. Thus, the reducing gases can be sucked through the ores without much effort. Finally, the use of agglomerates can reduce rust diarrhea.

A common form of agglomeration of finely divided ores is pelletization. However, the use of pellets in a smelting furnace, such as a blast furnace, is not without problems, since the pellets often do not have sufficient mechanical strength. This has a detrimental effect in particular during transport and handling of the pellets. In addition, the known pellets are often not sufficiently permeable to hot

Reduction gases, as they occur in the furnace, which makes their melting difficult.

Another common form of processing of not immediately usable fine ores is sintering. This also fine ores can be used, which are difficult to agglomerate due to their grain size and properties. Not immediately usable, difficult to agglomerate fine ores typically have mean grain diameters of up to 2 mm, more typically from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm (inter-particle sizes). The binder used is usually lime-based products. Lime-based products increase the cohesion of fine ores. Nevertheless, the proportion of fine ores which are difficult to agglomerate remains limited since a high proportion of these grain sizes weaken the cohesion of the sintered product and can also lead to a high dust discharge from the sintering belt. In addition, a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes also deteriorates the gas flowability of the sintered product and leads to a high proportion of recycled material in the sintering treatment.

However, a high rate of use of inter-grain sizes in the sintering task is desirable because ore size-containing ore sizes are particularly readily available and inexpensive. In order to increase the amount of intermediate grain sizes in the fine ores, lime-based is proposed in the prior art To use products together with clay minerahlhaltigen products as a binder. For example, German Published Patent Application No. 1,029,568 describes a process for the pretreatment of ores to be sintered by means of an agglomeration preceding sintering using bentonite or another clay as binder. After agglomeration, the material is mixed with a powder containing lime. Even with this procedure, however, the proportion of intermediate grain sizes in the starting material is limited to a maximum of 30% by weight.

From EP 1 359 129 A2 an aggregate for the production of autoclave-hardened building materials is known, comprising a mineral filler with a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably 75 wt.% And a

Feinstkornanteil of less than 2μm of at least 40 wt.% Of the aggregate has.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for producing an agglomerate, as

Blast furnace feed can be used, and with which the aforementioned problems in the prior art can be overcome.

In particular, a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes and yet a sintered good having a high cohesion and a good gas permeability can be obtained. In addition, the sintered material should have a low dust discharge. Finally, in the processing of the sinter a small amount of return material should be obtained. Furthermore, a method is to be provided in which fine ore can be used with a high proportion of inter-particle sizes and yet pellets with a high mechanical strength can be obtained.

This object is achieved by a method for producing an agglomerate, as

Blast furnace feed is used by mixing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally conventional additives to a mass and solidifying the mass to an agglomerate, wherein as a mineral raw material is used, which has a silica content of at least 40 wt.% And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.%, Wherein the particle size fraction of less than 1 .mu.m is at least 10 wt.%.

Surprisingly, it was found that in the production of agglomerates of the type mentioned a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines can be used with a surprisingly high proportion of intermediate grain sizes, if a lime-based material is used together with a mineral raw material as a binder, the one

Silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.

With the method according to the invention fine ore can be used with a high proportion of intermediate grain sizes and still a Sintered material with a high cohesion and a good Gasdurchströmbarkeit be obtained. In addition, sintered material can be obtained with a low dust discharge, which also has a low proportion of Rückgut. Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that the sintering process can be carried out with excellent kinetics.

The term "ore containing ore sizes" according to the invention metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, in particular of 0.1 to 0.5 mm understood.

If agglomerates in the form of a sintered product are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines with a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight containing ore grains while nevertheless obtaining sintered material having an excellent cohesion.

If agglomerates in the form of pellets are to be produced by the process according to the invention, it is possible according to the invention to use fines having a proportion of ore of greater than 30% by weight of ore grain sizes and still obtain pellets having a high mechanical strength.

An essential process step of the method according to the invention is the use of a lime-based material together with a mineral raw material as a binder. As a mineral raw material can be used in principle a variety of substances that have a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt. % exhibit.

Practical experiments have shown that with the use of clay mineral-containing raw materials, the proportion of intermediate grain sizes in erfindungemäßen method can be particularly high and yet sintered material can be obtained with a high cohesion and / or pellets with good mechanical strength.

Excellent results are with a mineral

Obtained raw material having a silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably at least 75 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 2 microns of at least 40 wt.%, The particle size fraction of less than 0.5 microns at least 25 wt. % is.

The use of a clay mineral-containing raw material, preferably an unfired two- and / or three-layer clay mineral containing raw material has proved to be particularly favorable.

Furthermore, the use of a clay mineral-containing raw material has proved particularly favorable, the lean clay has, which consists of at least 60 wt.% Fine quartz and 20 to 40 wt.% Kaolinit and optionally subordinate micas. Excellent is a mineral raw material, the 70 to 90 wt.%, Preferably about 83 wt.% Of silica, 5 to 20 wt.%, Preferably about 13 wt.% Of alumina, 0.2 to 1.5 wt.%, Preferably about 0.7 wt% Fe ₂ O ₃ and 0.1 to 1 wt%, preferably about 0.4 wt% potassium oxide. Especially suitable is the use of Calexor ^® Q HP as a mineral binder.

In some cases it is expedient to use the mineral raw material with a substantially continuous particle size distribution.

In the first step of the process according to the invention, the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and the mineral binder are mixed together. The mixing of fines and binders can be carried out in a variety of ways known to those skilled in the art. The mixing of fines and binders in a mixing unit is particularly simple.

The ratio of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder can vary within a wide range and is suitably adapted to the type and grain size structure of the fine material used and the binder. Practical experiments have shown that usually with a quantitative ratio between metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and mineral binder of 5 to 1 to 1000 to 1, preferably from 10 to 1 to 100 to 1, agglomerates with particularly good strength properties can be obtained. It has been found that in some cases agglomeration can be facilitated by the fact that the mass containing the fine material and the binder has a certain mass moisture content. Depending on the intrinsic moisture content of fines and binders, the

Mass moisture can be adjusted by withdrawal or addition of water. The height of the mass moisture is expediently set as a function of various factors, for example composition and grain size distribution of the fine material and binder used. Another important factor is the way in which the agglomeration is carried out. Usually, good results are achieved with mass moistures in the range from 2 to 20% by weight, preferably from 4 to 10% by weight.

As metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, the most diverse fines can be used. The term "metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines" are understood according to the invention as powdery to finer materials. These preferably have average particle sizes of 0.01 to 10 mm. The use of materials having average particle sizes of from 0.05 to 3 mm, in particular from 0.1 to 2 mm, has proven particularly suitable. Preferably, up to 50 wt.% Of the particle sizes of the fine material in the grain size range between 0.1 and 2 mm.

Particularly suitable is the use of fine ore, in particular iron ore, Zundermaterial, in particular mill scale, gout dusts, recycled material from the sintering treatment, metallic grinding dusts and / or

Metal shavings as metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines. According to the invention, the binder contains a lime-based material. Lime, limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, hydrated lime, dolomite, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime hydrate and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable according to the invention.

In some cases, it has proved to be advantageous to add, in addition to the binder, additional solidifying substances, preferably inorganic thickening agents, in particular waterglass, sugar solution, aluminum chromate and / or phosphate. In this way, the strength of the agglomerate can be further increased.

The amount of additional strengthens depends on the degree of solidification to be achieved. Usually, even with the addition of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of additional solidification substances, based on the mixture of fine material and binder, good results are achieved.

Furthermore, offset additives for lowering the hardening temperature, such as, for example, low-melting silicatic substances, in particular a glass powder and / or phonolite, can be added to the mixture.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the

Invention is used as fines intermediate grain sizes containing ore in admixture with sintered feed. The proportion of ore containing intermediate grain sizes in the fine material is particularly preferably greater than 30% by weight, preferably greater than 50% by weight, more preferably greater than 70% by weight, and in particular greater than 90% by weight, based in each case on the total amount Fines. For use in blast furnaces, agglomerates produced by a sintering process have proven to be particularly suitable. Thus, the production of a sintered product constitutes a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention. The advantages of sintering include the fact that the agglomerates can be pre-reduced and losses in the furnace can be avoided.

The course of the sintering process is known to the person skilled in the art and may, for example, be as follows. It is first produced a mix containing fine ores, KreislaufStoffe, fuel, especially coke breeze, mineral binder and Sintereigenabsiebung. This mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt. The fuel contained in the mixture is ignited, for example, by natural gas and / or blast gas flames. The induced draft fan located under the sintering belt now pulls the firing front through the mixture, so that the sinter cake is completely burnt out at the discharge of the belt. Due to the heat generated in the process, the fine ores melt superficially so that their grains form a firm connection. After breaking the sinter cake, it is cooled and classified. So-called grate and sintered material can remain in the sintering plant. The finished sinter is fed to the blast furnace.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the solidification of the mass to the agglomerate is carried out by a sintering process. For this purpose, a mixture containing the fine material and the mineral binder is preferably mixed with water, customary blast furnace circulating materials, preferably pan outbreak and / or slag, fuel, preferably coke breeze, mixed and optionally compressed. The resulting mixture is then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the mixture, forming a sinter cake. By breaking the sinter cake, the agglomerate according to the invention can be obtained.

Practical experiments have shown that it is advantageous if, during sintering, the starting materials are chosen such that at least a minimum cohesion of the individual particles is given. For this reason, it is preferred according to the invention if the fines used contain fractions having a particle size of less than 2 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm, preferably in an amount of at least 30% by weight.

An essential process step of sintering is the thermal treatment of the starting materials. Here, the mass of fines and binder is cured. The curing is preferably based on a sintering process to form a silicate sintered matrix, which has a glass phase and optionally a crystalline phase, in particular a mullitic phase. The silicate sintered matrix is preferably a glassy matrix in which crystalline particles are embedded. These are preferably a primary zero.

The curing process is preferably carried out by means of a thermal treatment at temperatures between 800 and

1200 ^° C. The hold times are preferably within a range of less than 90 minutes. In this way, the mineral raw material form a melting phase, which preferably gives a glassy solidified sintered matrix with a crystalline content, in particular granular mullite or Primärärmullit, in which the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines is embedded. If a high porosity of the sintered products is desired, this can be effected in a simple manner by subjecting a mass with a higher water content to the sintering process.

The produced by the method according to the invention

Sintered material is ideal for use as a blast furnace feed.

Good results are also achieved with agglomerates which are produced in the novel process in the form of pellets, briquettes and / or granules.

For the production of pellets, the mixture of fines and binders can be mixed with water and conventional pelletizing additives, the resultant mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are cured in one firing operation.

The hardening of the pellets can also be carried out hydraulically. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mixture of fine material, binder and water is additionally added with a hydraulic solidification substance, the resulting mixture is shaped into green pellets and the green pellets are hardened. Of course, hydraulic consolidation materials can also be used in the production of sintered material. Cement, in particular Portland cement, Portland cement clinker, aluminum oxide cement, alumina cement clinker, cement mixed with blast furnace slag, cement mixed with fly ash, cement mixed with borazon and / or bentonite are preferably used as the hydraulic binder. The hydraulic binder can also be mixed with various additives.

An advantage of the use of a hydraulic binder is that it is possible to dispense with firing the green pellets. In this way, the manufacturing costs for the blast furnace charge can be reduced and the release of harmful gases such as SO _x and NO _{x can} be avoided during the firing process.

The preparation of the pellets can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in a shaft furnace, a traveling grate furnace or a traveling grate / rotary kiln.

In order to prevent the pellets sticking together, in particular when wet, the pellets may be provided with a coating before curing. Suitable coating materials are preferably inorganic substances, for example iron ore powder. The thickness of the coating is preferably not greater than 0.5 mm.

The presence of water in the mass facilitates pellet formation. However, the moisture content should not be too high, otherwise the surface of the pellets will be moist and sticky. In fact, moist and sticky pellets often lack in strength and tend to collapse under its own weight, thereby reducing the gas permeability of the pellets.

The size of the pellets can vary widely. Pellets with a diameter of 1 to 20 mm, preferably of 3 to 10 mm, have proven to be particularly suitable for the blast furnace process.

The invention further relates to a blast furnace feed which can be prepared by the process according to the invention.

The blast furnace feed can be fed as the only metal and / or metal oxide-containing material to the blast furnace. According to the invention, it is preferable that the blast furnace feedstock together with other metal and / or metal oxide-containing

To feed materials to the blast furnace. It is particularly useful if the blast furnace charge according to the invention accounts for a share of 30 to 80 wt.%, Preferably from 40 to 70 wt.% And in particular from 55 to 65 wt.% Of the total carrier for the blast furnace operation.

Another object of the invention is a premix for the production of blast furnace feedstock according to the invention containing a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder having a mineral raw material and a kalkstämmiges material, wherein the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines a proportion of fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.9 mm and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5 mm of more than 30 wt.%, Each based on the total amount of the fine material. The mineral raw material used is preferably a raw material as described in relation to the process according to the invention.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of fines having an average grain diameter of less than 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.9 mm and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5 mm in the premix according to the invention more than 50 wt %, preferably 70% by weight to 100% by weight, more preferably 80% by weight to 100% by weight and in particular 90% by weight to 100% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of the fine material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of fines with a middle

Grain diameter of more than 1 mm, preferably of more than 1 mm to 3 mm and in particular of more than 1 mm to 2 mm in the premix according to the invention less than 50% by weight, preferably 0 to 30% by weight, more preferably 0 to 20% by weight , And in particular 0 to 10 wt.%, Each based on the total amount of the fine material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the premix contains 50 to 99 wt.%, Preferably 60 to 90 wt.%, In particular 70 to 85 wt.% Of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and 1 to 20 wt.%, Preferably 1 to 15% by weight, conventional additives and mineral binder.

Preferably, the proportion of mineral binder in the premix should not exceed 15% by weight. To this The amount of slag produced in the blast furnace can be kept low.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the mineral binder comprises 30 to 98% by weight lime-based material and 2 to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight, of mineral raw material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the premix contains 0 to 30% by weight.

Additives, preferably coke breeze, pan breakout and / or slags.

A further subject of the invention is a premix for the production of the blast furnace feedstock according to the invention comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder which comprises a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, wherein a raw material is used as the mineral raw material which contains a silicon oxide. Content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.

With regard to further preferred embodiments of the premixes according to the invention, reference is made to the embodiments of the method according to the invention.

The invention further relates to the use of a mineral binder comprising a mineral raw material and a lime-based material and optionally conventional additives, for the production of an agglomerate, the is used as a blast furnace feedstock, being used as a mineral raw material, a silicon oxide content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10% by weight.

The use according to the invention comprises both the joint and the separate addition of mineral raw material and lime-based material.

With regard to further preferred embodiments of the use according to the invention, reference is made to the embodiments of the method according to the invention.

In the following, the invention is illustrated in more detail by means of an example.

There are five different Sinterbandmischungen (mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b) produced. For the production of the mixed material 3a and 3b fine material, which has a defined proportion of intermediate grain sizes, mixed with the respective binder and conventional sintering aids and adjusted the mass moisture. For the mixed material 3b according to the invention a mineral raw material is used as a binder having a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 % By weight. The mix 1, 2 and 3 is prepared without the addition of binder. Subsequently, the mix is mixed with water and layered on a sintered belt. The mix has a specific Gasdurchströmbarkeit, which can be measured by the pressure loss of a compressed air flow through the mixture. A low pressure loss indicates good gas flowability. A good Gasdurchströmbarkeit is desirable in the sintering process, since it leads to a good burn through of the sinter cake.

The following table illustrates the pressure losses for the mix 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b. A comparison of the mix 1, 2, 3 shows that an increase in the proportion of

Intergrain sizes lead to an increase in pressure loss and a reduction in Gasdurchströmbarkeit. A comparison of the mixed material 3, 3a shows that improved gas flowability can be achieved by the addition of CaO as binder.

By means of example 3b according to the invention, it was possible to demonstrate that by using the special mineral binder, a mixture having a particularly good gas permeability can be obtained.

Claims

claims

A process for producing an agglomerate used as a blast furnace feedstock by blending a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines, a mineral binder containing a mineral

Having raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally conventional additives to a mass and solidifying the mass to an agglomerate, characterized in that a raw material is used as a mineral raw material having a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a clay mineral-containing raw material is used as a mineral raw material.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a mineral raw material is used which has lean clay, which consists of at least 60 wt.% Fine quartz and 20 to 40 wt.% Kaolinit and optionally subordinate micas.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a mineral raw material is used, the 70 to 90 wt.%, Preferably, for example 83% by weight of silicon oxide, 5 to 20% by weight, preferably about 13% by weight of aluminum oxide, 0.2 to 1.5% by weight, preferably about 0.7% by weight of Fe ₂ O ₃ and 0.1 to 1 % By weight, preferably about 0.4% by weight of potassium oxide.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mixing of fines and binder takes place in a mixing unit.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and the mineral binder are mixed in a ratio of 5 to 1 to 1000 to 1 with each other.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mass moisture is adjusted to a value of 2 to 20 wt.% When mixing fines and binder.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that lime, limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, hydrated lime, dolomite, dolomitic lime, dolomitic lime and / or dolomitic lime hydrate is used as lime-based material.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as metal and / or metal oxide fine fine ore, in particular iron ore, Zundermaterialien, in particular mill scale, gout dusts, Rückgut from Sinter processing, metallic grinding dust and / or metal chips is used.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines is used which has a proportion of intermediate grain sizes of more than 30 wt.%.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the solidification of the mass to the agglomerate is carried out by a sintering process.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the mixture of fines and

Binders customary sintering additives, especially Koksgruß, pan breakout and / or slag are added.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the sintering process comprises the following steps:

- Mixing of fine material, mineral binder, water, conventional blast furnace materials and

Fuel to form a mixture;

- heat treating the mixture at a temperature below the melting temperature of the mixture, forming an agglomerate in the form of a sinter cake.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the sinter cake is broken, whereby an agglomerate is obtained in the form of a finished sinter.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that fine material containing fractions with a grain size of less than 2 mm, preferably from 0.05 mm to 1 mm in an amount of at least 30 wt.%, Used becomes.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the solidification of the mass to the agglomerate is carried out by pelletization.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the pelletization comprises the following steps:

Mixing the mixture of fines and binders with water and optionally conventional additives to a mixture,

Shaping the mixture into green pellets,

Curing the green pellets in a firing process below

Formation of an agglomerate in the form of pellets.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the production of the pellets in a shaft furnace, a traveling grate furnace or a traveling grate / rotary kiln is performed.

19. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the pelletization comprises the following steps: Mixing the mixture of fines and binders with water and optionally conventional additives to a mixture,

Forming of the mixture into green pellets, - Hydraulic hardening of the green pellets to an agglomerate.

20. A blast furnace charge produced by a process according to one or more of claims 1 to 19.

21. Premix for the production of a blast furnace charge material according to claim 20 comprising a metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and a mineral binder, which has a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, characterized in that the metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines a proportion of fines having a mean grain diameter of less than 1 mm of more than 30% by weight.

22. Premix according to claim 21, characterized in that the premix contains 50 to 99 wt.% Of metal and / or metal oxide-containing fines and 1 to 20 wt.% Of conventional additives and mineral binder.

23. Premix according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the mineral binder comprises 30 to 98% by weight of lime-based materials and 2 to 70% by weight of mineral raw material.

24. Premix according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the premix 0 to 30 wt.% Additives, preferably Koksgruß, pan breakout and / or slags.

25. Premix according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the mineral raw material a

Silica content of at least 60 wt.%, Preferably of at least 75 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 2 microns of at least 40 wt.%, Wherein the particle size fraction of less than 0.5 .mu.m is at least 25 wt.% ,

26. Premix according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the mineral raw material contains magenta, which consists of at least 60 wt.% Fine quartz and 20 to 40 wt.% Kaolinit and optionally subordinate micas.

27. Premix according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the mineral raw material 70 to 90 wt.%, Preferably about 83 wt.% Of silica, 5 to 20 wt.%, Preferably about 13 wt.% Of alumina, 0, 2 to 1.5% by weight, preferably about 0.7% by weight of Fe ₂ O ₃ and 0.1 to 1% by weight, preferably about 0.4% by weight of potassium oxide.

28. Use of a mixture containing a mineral binder comprising a mineral raw material and a lime-based material, and optionally conventional additives for producing an agglomerate, which is used as a blast furnace feed, characterized in that as a mineral raw material

Raw material is used, which has a silica content of at least 40 wt.%, And a Feinstkornanteil of less than 4 microns of at least 20 wt.% And a

Particle size fraction of less than 1 micron of at least 10 wt.% Has.