Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
  • B01J4/02—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices for feeding measured, i.e. prescribed quantities of reagents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
  • B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
  • B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
  • C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
  • C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
  • C10G7/10—Inhibiting corrosion during distillation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
  • C10G7/12—Controlling or regulating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
  • C10G2300/4056—Retrofitting operations

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for simultaneously vaporizing and dosing a vaporizable liquid and an associated method.
• the liquid is metered dosed and the gas phase thus generated targeted introduced into a gas space containing other gases or vapors.
• the invention relates to the metering of small amounts of an evaporable liquid into a significantly larger, partially condensed stream of vaporous hydrocarbons, which may also include water vapor fractions, particularly the overhead vapors of a crude distillation column, to chemically bind or contain the acids contained therein or substances producing water to neutralize.
• TMA trimethylamine
• the prior art for dosing an evaporable liquid as mentioned above is a specially developed dosing equipment. In this case, the dosage takes place via diaphragm pumps. Stroke size and chamber volume allow a measurement of the volume delivered.
• this structure has the following significant disadvantages.
• the pressure at the metering point at the top of the crude oil column defines the pressure level in the metering line, about 3 bar (abs.).
• the evaporation temperature of the trimethylamine preferably used is 30 ° C. At 3 bar (abs.) It exceeds 35 ° C. If the evaporation space does not reliably assume this temperature, no evaporation is ensured.
• the normal outside temperatures in Central Europe are usually below those required for evaporation, so that aids are necessary, for. B. the supply of heat of evaporation.
• Crude oil columns tower about 40 meters high. They are due to their size outdoors and are exposed to the weather, especially temperature fluctuations. This aggravates the dosing problem described at low outside temperatures.
• the described dosing equipment according to the prior art does not have a device which continuously ensures a constant dosing rate at the point of injection into the main flow of the top vapors of the column.
• Another disadvantage of this metering equipment is the chosen pump technology.
• the running time of a diaphragm pump is limited by the number of load cycles that the diaphragm endures. Therefore, even with optimum maintenance, it is usually the unwanted opening of a system that contains a highly inflammable and extremely odor-intensive substance in the present case.
• the object is therefore to provide an apparatus and a method which ensures a high and continuous dosing accuracy and makes it possible to supply the additive in gaseous form and metered to a dosing point.
• the inventive device has to fulfill the object of the invention a plurality of lines (pipes) connected components, namely at least one reservoir, a mass meter, a control valve and a feeder.
• the reservoir contains the vaporizable liquid or the additive.
• the additive in the container is supplied externally.
• the container may preferably be separated from the device according to the invention and reconnected. This also applies to essentially identical replacement containers.
• the container is of its dimensions, design and material designed so that it meets the technical requirements, the device of the invention provides. It is within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art to select or make a suitable container.
• the mass meter which is connected downstream of the reservoir by pipeline, measures how much vaporizable liquid is withdrawn from the reservoir per unit time. Such mass meters are commercially available.
• the control valve which is connected downstream of the mass meter by pipeline, is set according to the dosing instructions and thus doses the amount of liquid passed through.
• the feeding device which is connected downstream of the control valve via the pipe, makes it possible to introduce carrier gas into the line between the control valve and the metering point.
• the supplied carrier gas promotes the evaporation of the additive. It is therefore advantageous to place the delivery device as close as possible to the control valve.
• at least one further reservoir is connected in parallel to the reservoir. This is advantageous to ensure uninterrupted dosing. This can be done by switching from an empty container to a filled parallel installed one.
• each container preferably contains a fill level monitoring unit which is installed in the line between the reservoir and the mass meter. The switching can also be done automatically when the level monitoring unit is connected to a corresponding controller.
• the vaporizable liquid is preferably gaseous under normal conditions.
• the reservoir with an inert gas so far under a pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure is set, that in the expected Temperatures the additive is always present predominantly in the liquid state of matter in the container.
• suitable inert gases The suitability of an inert gas depends on the particular application. Nitrogen is a preferred inert gas in combination with trimethylamine as an additive to neutralize crude distillation head vapors.
• the metering point is located in the top region of the column. It is both possible that the metering is located directly at the top of the column or in the initial region of the laxative Kopfdämpfetechnisch.
• a Zuschaltventil is preferably installed in the line from the reservoir to the mass meter. This is used to separate an emptied and / or the
• the line between the control valve and metering preferably at least partially on a heater.
• a heating device is mounted between the feeding device and metering. Suitable heating devices are known to the person skilled in the art. These may be, for example, electric powered heaters. In principle, it is also possible to heat the line with steam or another heat transfer medium.
• the device is to be protected against container crash. This is preferably done by installing at least one safety valve in the device according to the invention, which dissipates the content by piping to a safe place when exceeding a defined pressure in the container, preferably in a flare system.
• the lines of the device according to the invention are therefore preferably connected and optionally provided with valves that they can be completely or partially rinsed with a gaseous medium.
• This gaseous medium may be, for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen.
• water vapor is preferably used. This has the advantage that the steam absorbs the additive and thus virtually completely eliminates both the risk of ignition and a possible odor nuisance.
• the invention further relates to a method for simultaneously vaporizing and dosing an evaporable liquid.
• the vaporizable liquid passes from a reservoir via a line and a mass meter to a control valve, where it is expanded to a lower pressure and in addition to the line between the control valve and the dosing a carrier gas is supplied.
• the level of the reservoir is monitored by a level monitoring unit, which is located between the reservoir and mass meter.
• a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a filled storage container is then switched on if it is detected via the filling level monitoring unit of a currently switched-on storage container that it has run empty. This can be automated as far as possible. For example, it is conceivable that in the event of a deflated container, the monitoring unit triggers circuits of connection valves via a controller, which separate the empty container from the mass meter and connect a second filled container with the mass meter and the downstream remaining device according to the invention.
• mass meter and control valve are connected to a central control system.
• This detects the current metering rate by means of the mass meter and the control valve is readjusted according to the setpoint deviation.
• the control system thus compares the current metering rate determined by the mass meter with the desired value and possibly changes the position of the control valve.
• the control valve relaxes the liquid to evaporation pressure.
• the line between the control valve and metering can be at least partially heated.
• the heater provides the required heat of evaporation. But it can also serve to prevent condensation of the vaporized additive in the line to the dosing.
• the additive supplied in this way usually serves to neutralize the top vapors of the column.
• trimethylamine is preferably used as the evaporable liquid. The neutralization of acidic components protects the pipelines and subsequent components from the column from corrosion.
• Trimethylamine is preferably used as additive in the process according to the invention.
• the inventive method provides that a carrier gas is used.
• nitrogen is a particularly suitable carrier gas for many applications.
• the vaporized liquid is fed or injected into the head region of a crude distillation column.
• the additive in particular trimethylamine, serves to neutralize the acid constituents occurring there.
• the regulation of the dosage is carried out via the pH of the wash water of the crude oil distillation. The success control of the neutralization and thus also the setpoint for the metering rate is thus supplied by the pH measurement of the accumulating in the return tank of the column top wastewater.
• the storage container with carrier gas preferably nitrogen
• the inventive method are placed under a pressure in the inventive method, which is sufficient at the expected ambient temperatures to prevent a complete transition from the liquid to the gas phase.
• the reservoir is thus superimposed with carrier gas with increased pressure.
• this pressure is higher than that in the line between the control valve and metering.
• the flow direction is predetermined.
• the pressure in the line between the control valve and metering 0.1 to 30 barÜ, in particular 1 to 10 barÜ and preferably 1, 5 to 2 barÜ.
• the method according to the invention provides, in a particular embodiment, the possibility of being able to rinse all components of the device.
• Water vapor is used as a particularly suitable flushing medium.
• water can take up TMA in larger amounts and at the same time suppress the aforementioned negative properties of the additive.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
• Two reservoirs (1) and (2) for the vaporizable liquid connected in parallel can be connected to the remaining part of the device according to the invention via corresponding lines in each case via associated connecting valves (3) or (4).
• the vaporizable liquid is passed from the reservoir through a mass meter (5), which measures the liquid mass per unit time, and is dosed by the downstream control valve (6) according to the specifications. By the simultaneous relaxation to a lower pressure, the liquid is at least partially evaporated.
• From the connecting valve (6) leads a line to the metering point (9).
• a feeding device (7) makes it possible to introduce carrier gas in this line. This carrier gas is taken from a reservoir (8) and promotes the evaporation of the additive.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2009
  • 2009-05-28 DE DE200910023010 patent/DE102009023010A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-05-26 WO PCT/EP2010/003222 patent/WO2010136203A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-05-26 CN CN2010800238132A patent/CN102448599A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-05-26 RU RU2011153691/05A patent/RU2528657C2/ru active
  • 2010-05-26 EP EP10725015A patent/EP2435175A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-05-26 JP JP2012512256A patent/JP5697267B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related

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