EP2362280B1 - Bearing for the balance-shaft of a timepiece and timepiece comprising such a bearing - Google Patents
Bearing for the balance-shaft of a timepiece and timepiece comprising such a bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2362280B1 EP2362280B1 EP11153456.6A EP11153456A EP2362280B1 EP 2362280 B1 EP2362280 B1 EP 2362280B1 EP 11153456 A EP11153456 A EP 11153456A EP 2362280 B1 EP2362280 B1 EP 2362280B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- pivot
- balls
- setting
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
- G04B31/004—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor characterised by the material used
- G04B31/012—Metallic bearings
- G04B31/0123—Metallic bearings with metallic ball bearings and metallic roller bearings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
- G04B31/02—Shock-damping bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bearing for maintaining and allowing the rotation of a balance shaft of a wristwatch, or of any timepiece.
- Oils used for lubrication do not have an indefinite duration; they thicken and degrade after a while, forcing periodic revisions of the watch. Moreover, these bearings always have, even new, some friction due to the viscosity of the oil.
- CH191908 describes a miniature ball bearing
- CH299774 describes a bearing and corundum balls. In the latter, however, the balls do not roll within a race, but they are held by three circular openings in the bottom of the bearing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing for the balance shaft of a watch without lubrication, impact resistant, with a coefficient of friction more favorable, not requiring periodic maintenance or revisions, and free of lubrication.
- the figure 1 represents a ball bearing for a balance wheel of a clockwork movement.
- the balance wheel (not visible) is integral with an axis 50, of which only one end is shown, which is maintained between the plate and the cock by two bearings.
- a kitten 41 of cylindrical shape contains within it balls 44 rotatable inside the ring 42, the pierced element 45 and the pivot-pivot 43 prevent the axial displacement of the balls 44.
- the bearing of the invention does not requiring no lubricating oil, the pierced element 45 and the counter-pivot 43 are preferably flat and do not include recesses.
- the balls 44 and the counter-pivoting element 43 are preferably made of a material free from lubrication, for example ceramic, more preferably zirconium oxide ceramics, or a crystalline material combining a low coefficient of friction and a resistance. sufficient mechanical, for example silicon, corundum or diamond. In particular, satisfactory friction values can be obtained by choosing, for the balls 44 and the counter-pivot 43, a non-metallic material, or a material different from that of the pivot 55, which is usually made of steel.
- a material free from lubrication for example ceramic, more preferably zirconium oxide ceramics, or a crystalline material combining a low coefficient of friction and a resistance.
- sufficient mechanical for example silicon, corundum or diamond.
- satisfactory friction values can be obtained by choosing, for the balls 44 and the counter-pivot 43, a non-metallic material, or a material different from that of the pivot 55, which is usually made of steel.
- the balls 44 roll within a circular path formed by the inner surface of the ring 42, which is preferably made of steel, or stainless steel. Trials with four beads have yielded conclusive results, but the invention also includes variants with a higher or lower number of beads.
- the balls 44 and the elements 45 and 43 are preferably assembled inside the kitten 41 permanently and releasably, for example by crimping. Once the bearing is assembled, the four balls 44 necessarily position themselves at 90 °, leaving between them an aperture exactly dimensioned to allow the passage of the pivot 55 with a desired radial contact force, and can in no case out through the hole 46.
- the structure of the bearing of the invention does not provide an internal ring for rolling the balls 44, the balls being in direct contact with the lateral surface of the pivot 55.
- This arrangement makes it possible to limit the diameter outside the bearing, which has a significant reduction in friction. Tests have shown that bearings according to the invention with an outside diameter of less than one millimeter, more preferably less than 0.9 millimeters, make it possible to achieve comparable or better levels of friction of the conventional balance bearings, without the need to be lubricated. with oil.
- the hole 46 of the pierced element 45 preferably allows the passage of the beam 51 of the balance shaft 50 without contact or friction.
- the tip 58 of the pivot 55 is preferably rounded and polished, so as to minimize friction when pivoting on the counter-pivot 43.
- the counter-pivoting element 43 will be made of synthetic corundum or ruby zirconium, silicon or diamond oxide or other material having the required mechanical and tribological properties; the pierced element 45, on the other hand, is not necessarily in direct contact with the axis 50 and, in this case, could be made with the same or with other materials, for example made of metal.
- the level represented at figure 2 comprises a kitten 41 having the features explained above with a conical bearing surface 49.
- the kitten 41 is housed inside a support member 60 having an internal conical surface 69, whose profile corresponds to that of the bearing surface 49.
- the kitten 41 is held elastically by the elastic flexible element 65, retained by the shoulder 62.
- the elastic element 65 comprises radial arms 62, imparting an axial force (relatively in the direction of the balance shaft 50) on the base of the kitten 41, as well as centering arms 27 pressing radially on the side face of the kitten 41.
- the elastic element 65 has both a function of resumption of the axial thrust of the balance and alignment of the bearing.
- the paired surfaces 49 and 69 define a rest position of the kitten 41 and have a self-centering and self-aligning action.
- the kitten 41 can move momentarily thanks to the elasticity of element 65; the geometry of the surfaces 49 and 69 is such that the kitten is automatically brought back by the elastic element 65 to a position aligned and centered with respect to the axis 50 in an exact and reproducible manner.
- the figure 3 illustrates a different arrangement of the bearing of the invention.
- the elastic element 65 is held in a groove 63 and has only three radial arms 66 exerting inclined forces on the kitten 41.
- the centering and the alignment are provided by the symmetry of the elastic forces and by the conical surfaces. 49 and 69, as in the previous example.
- the support member 60 could, depending on the case, be a removable element or a part machined directly in a more complex element of a watch movement, such as platinum.
- the support 60 is a demountable element with standardized dimensions, which can take the place, with a minimum of modifications, of the pendulum bearing supports in conventional-type stoned movements.
- the kitten 41 is housed in a chamfered hole passing through the support 60 and held by an elastic element 65 comprising radial arms 66, as in FIG. figure 2 , and "S" centering arms 68 passing through the chamfered hole, and whose free end bears on one face of the support member 60, while a loop of the "S" arms 68 contacts the lateral surface kitten 41, with a centering action.
- a shoulder 47 prevents the kitten from falling when the shaft 50 is disassembled.
- this variant makes it possible to fix the bearing on the support 60 by the single elastic element 65 without other fastening elements, moreover the machining of the support 60 is limited to a simple chamfered hole.
- This embodiment thus allows to integrate the bearing of the invention in existing complex parts, for example, a turntable or a watch movement bridge, with a minimum of adaptations.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un palier pour maintenir et permettre la rotation d'un axe de balancier d'une montre-bracelet, ou d'une pièce d'horlogerie quelconque.The present invention relates to a bearing for maintaining and allowing the rotation of a balance shaft of a wristwatch, or of any timepiece.
On connaît de nombreux dispositifs pour maintenir le pivot de l'axe de balancier d'un mouvement de montre, les plus répandus comprenant une pierre percée formant coussinet dont le trou permet le passage de ce pivot, et une pierre contre-pivot limitant le mouvement axial du pivot. Cette disposition permet d'obtenir des coefficients de friction assez faibles, à condition d'assurer la lubrification du palier, par exemple avec de l'huile. Il est aussi connu d'équiper ces palier avec des amortisseurs élastiques diversement conformés, pour permettre aux pierres de se déplacer momentanément lors d'un choc, et ainsi éviter la rupture des pivots, très fragiles. Des exemples de paliers ainsi réalisés ont été publiés par
Les huiles utilisées pour la lubrification n'ont pas une durée indéfinie; elles s'épaississent et se dégradent après un certain temps, obligeant à des révisions périodiques de la montre. Par ailleurs ces paliers présentent toujours, même neufs, une certaine friction due à la viscosité de l'huile.Oils used for lubrication do not have an indefinite duration; they thicken and degrade after a while, forcing periodic revisions of the watch. Moreover, these bearings always have, even new, some friction due to the viscosity of the oil.
On connaît, du document
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un palier pour l'axe de balancier d'une montre sans lubrification, résistant aux chocs, avec un coefficient de friction plus favorable, ne nécessitant pas de révisions ou maintenances périodiques, et exempt de lubrification.An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing for the balance shaft of a watch without lubrication, impact resistant, with a coefficient of friction more favorable, not requiring periodic maintenance or revisions, and free of lubrication.
Selon l'invention, ces buts sont atteints notamment au moyen de la combinaison qui fait l'objet de la revendication 1.According to the invention, these objects are achieved in particular by means of the combination which is the subject of claim 1.
Des exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sont indiqués dans la description illustrée par les figures annexées dans lesquelles :
- La
figure 1 est une coupe axiale d'un palier à roulement selon un aspect de l'invention. - Les
figures 2-4 illustrent, en trois dimensions, des variantes d'exécution du palier de l'invention.
- The
figure 1 is an axial section of a rolling bearing according to one aspect of the invention. - The
Figures 2-4 illustrate in three dimensions alternative embodiments of the bearing of the invention.
La
Les billes 44 et l'élément contre-pivot 43 sont préférablement réalisés en un matériau exempt de lubrification, par exemple en céramique, plus préférablement en céramiques d'oxyde de zirconium, ou en un matériau cristallin alliant un faible coefficient de friction et une résistance mécanique suffisante, par exemple en silicium, corindon ou diamant. Notamment, on peut obtenir des valeurs de frottement satisfaisants en choisissant, pour les billes 44 et le contre-pivot 43, un matériau non métallique, ou un matériau différent de celui du pivot 55, qui est ordinairement en acier.The
Les billes 44 roulent à l'intérieur d'une course circulaire formée par la surface interne de la bague 42, laquelle est préférablement réalisée en acier, ou acier inoxydable. Des essais avec quatre billes ont donné des résultats concluants, mais l'invention inclut également des variantes comportant un nombre supérieur ou inférieur de billes.The
Les billes 44 et les éléments 45 et 43 sont préférablement assemblées à l'intérieur du chaton 41 de façon permanente et indémontable, par exemple par sertissage. Une fois le palier assemblé, le quatre billes 44 se positionnent nécessairement à 90°, laissant entre-elles une ouverture exactement dimensionnée pour permettre le passage du pivot 55 avec une force de contact radiale souhaitée, et ne peuvent en aucun cas sortir par le trou 46.The
La structure du palier de l'invention ne prévoit pas de bague interne pour le roulement des billes 44, les billes étant directement en contact avec la surface latérale du pivot 55. Cette disposition permet de limiter le diamètre extérieur du palier, ce qui comporte une réduction importante de la friction. Des essais ont montré que des paliers selon l'invention avec un diamètre extérieur inférieur à un millimètre, plus préférablement inférieur à 0.9 millimètres, permettent d'atteindre des niveaux de friction comparables ou meilleurs des paliers de balancier conventionnels, sans besoin d'être lubrifiés avec de l'huile.The structure of the bearing of the invention does not provide an internal ring for rolling the
Le trou 46 de l'élément percé 45 consent préférablement le passage du tigeron 51 de l'axe de balancier 50 sans contact ni friction. La pointe 58 du pivot 55 est préférablement arrondie et polie, de manière à minimiser la friction lors du pivotement sur le contre-pivot 43. Selon les cas, l'élément contre-pivot 43 sera réalisée en corindon ou rubis synthétique, en céramique d'oxyde de zirconium, silicium ou diamant ou un autre matériau ayant les propriétés mécaniques et tribologiques requises ; l'élément percé 45, en revanche n'est pas nécessairement en contact direct avec l'axe 50 et, en ce cas, pourrait être réalisé avec les mêmes ou avec d'autres matériaux, par exemple en métal.The
Le palier représenté à la
Les surfaces appariées 49 et 69 définissent une position de repos du chaton 41 et ont une action d'auto-centrage et auto-alignement. En cas de choc le chaton 41 peut se déplacer momentanément grâce à l'élasticité de l'élément 65; la géométrie des surfaces 49 et 69 est telle que le chaton est automatiquement ramené par l'élément élastique 65 à une position alignée et centrée par rapport à l'axe 50 de manière exacte et reproductible.The paired
La
L'élément de support 60 pourrait, selon les cas, être un élément démontable ou bien une partie usinée directement dans un élément plus complexe d'un mouvement de montre, comme par exemple la platine. Selon une variante préférée le support 60 est un élément démontable avec des dimensions standardisées, pouvant prendre la place, avec un minimum de modifications, des supports de palier de balancier dans des mouvements empierrés de type conventionnel.The
Selon une autre variante de réalisation, visible à la
Dans cette solution, le centrage et l'alignement automatiques du chaton 41 sont assuré par les bras en "S" 68 exerçant des forces radiales symétriques, et les bras radiaux 66 exerçant des forces axiales. Avantageusement cette variante permet de fixer le palier sur le support 60 par le seul élément élastique 65 sans autres éléments de fixation, par ailleurs l'usinage du support 60 se limite à un simple trou chanfreiné. Cette forme de réalisation permet donc d'intégrer le palier de l'invention dans des pièces complexes existantes, par exemple, une platine ou un pont de mouvement horloger, avec un minimum d'adaptations.In this solution, the automatic centering and alignment of the
- 4141
- chatonkitten
- 4242
- bagueRing
- 4343
- contre-pivotagainst pivot
- 4444
- billeball
- 4545
- élément percépierced element
- 4646
- trouhole
- 4747
- épaulementshoulder
- 4949
- cône du chatonkitten cone
- 5050
- axe de balancierbalance shaft
- 5151
- tigeronshank
- 5555
- pivotpivot
- 5858
- pointe du pivotpivot point
- 5959
- raccordconnection
- 6060
- supportsupport
- 6262
- épaulementshoulder
- 6363
- gorgethroat
- 6565
- ressortspring
- 6666
- bras radialradial arm
- 6767
- bras de centragecentering arm
- 6868
- bras de retenueholding arm
- 6969
- cône interneinternal cone
Claims (6)
- Bearing for watch movement in combination with a balance comprising a shaft (50), wherein said bearing comprises a setting (41) containing a plurality of balls (44) capable of turning inside a circular path (42), wherein the axial displacement of the balls (44) is limited by a counter-pivot element (43), and an element (45) bored with a hole (46) allowing a pivot of the balance shaft to be inserted in a space between said balls (44), wherein the bearing is arranged for making said shaft pivot between said balls (44) when said pivot is inserted into said space and the point of said pivot rests against said counter-pivot element (43), wherein said balls (44) and/or said counter-pivot element (43) are made of non-metallic material, characterized in that said setting (41) comprises a tapered surface (49) and is housed inside a support element (60) with an internal tapered surface (69) with the same profile, and by an elastic holding element (65) of the setting (41) with a plurality of radial arms resting on said setting (41) and arranged for exerting elastic forces on said setting (41) and allowing a momentary displacement of the setting (41) from a resting position during a shock, and for automatically returning it to said resting position.
- Combination according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the number of said balls (44) is four.
- Combination according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said balls (44) and/or said counter-pivot (43) are made of a material from: ceramics, zirconium oxide ceramic, silicium, diamond.
- Combination according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a plurality of centering arms (67, 68) acting on a lateral surface of the setting (41).
- Combination according to the preceding claim, wherein said bearing has an outer diameter of less than one millimetre or less than 0.9 millimeter.
- Timepiece comprising a balance with a shaft (50) and a bearing according to one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14154387.6A EP2730981B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing and balance staff for a timepiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00307/10A CH702722A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-02-26 | Bearing for a rocker arm axis of a timepiece and a timepiece equipped with such a bearing. |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14154387.6A Division EP2730981B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing and balance staff for a timepiece |
EP14154387.6A Division-Into EP2730981B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing and balance staff for a timepiece |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2362280A1 EP2362280A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
EP2362280B1 true EP2362280B1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
Family
ID=42333291
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11153456.6A Active EP2362280B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing for the balance-shaft of a timepiece and timepiece comprising such a bearing |
EP14154387.6A Active EP2730981B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing and balance staff for a timepiece |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14154387.6A Active EP2730981B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-04 | Bearing and balance staff for a timepiece |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2362280B1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH702722A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1054299A (en) * | ||||
CH192767A (en) * | 1934-03-20 | 1937-08-31 | Erismann Schinz S A Fabrique D | Shock absorber device for pivots. |
CH191908A (en) * | 1936-09-04 | 1937-07-15 | A Billes Miniatures Roulements | Ball or roller bearing. |
FR1011463A (en) * | 1949-02-14 | 1952-06-23 | Ball bearing arrangement for shafts mounted on a conical pivot and, for example, for balance pivots of watches | |
CH305806A (en) * | 1952-01-29 | 1955-03-15 | Barth Gottlieb | Ball bearings, in particular for precision mechanical purposes. |
CH299774A (en) * | 1952-03-07 | 1954-06-30 | Sandoz Charles | Shock absorbing bearing. |
CH304791A (en) * | 1953-02-06 | 1955-01-31 | Parechoc Sa | Shock-absorbing bearing for a timepiece. |
CH318236A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1956-12-31 | Erismann Schinz S A | Shock absorber bearing |
CH322331A (en) * | 1954-11-17 | 1957-06-15 | Parechoc S A Le Sentier | Ball bearing for clockwork spindle |
CH366000A (en) | 1960-11-07 | 1963-01-15 | Novochoc S A | Shock-absorbing bearing for clockwork balance shaft |
CH444963A4 (en) * | 1963-04-08 | 1964-12-31 | ||
FR1393838A (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1965-03-26 | Parechoc Sa | Shock-absorbing bearing for a watch or small mechanical mobile and method for its manufacture |
US6755566B2 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2004-06-29 | Konrad Damasko | Clockwork |
EP1695154B1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2014-02-26 | Incabloc SA | Bearing unit equipped with a bearing and a regulator |
-
2010
- 2010-02-26 CH CH00307/10A patent/CH702722A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-02-04 EP EP11153456.6A patent/EP2362280B1/en active Active
- 2011-02-04 EP EP14154387.6A patent/EP2730981B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2730981A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2730981B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
EP2362280A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
CH702722A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
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