EP2352689B1 - Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2352689B1
EP2352689B1 EP09759957.5A EP09759957A EP2352689B1 EP 2352689 B1 EP2352689 B1 EP 2352689B1 EP 09759957 A EP09759957 A EP 09759957A EP 2352689 B1 EP2352689 B1 EP 2352689B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
load
carrying means
safety device
compensating weight
downward
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EP09759957.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2352689A1 (fr
Inventor
Erich Spirgi
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0087—Devices facilitating maintenance, repair or inspection tasks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Lifts consist essentially of a load-carrying means and a balance weight, which are interconnected via a suspension means.
  • the suspension element is usually formed from several suspension ropes (steel cables), but there are also synthetic fiber ropes, flat belts, ribbed belts and the like.
  • the load-handling device is (in particular for passenger lifts) usually an elevator car.
  • Lifts in particular the load handling devices, must be equipped with safety gears. If a predetermined speed is exceeded when traveling downhill, the safety gear triggers and brakes the elevator. Such fall arresting devices are particularly intended for the event of a breakage of the carrier. In this case, the elevator accelerates downwards by 1 g (g is the gravitational acceleration). The safety gear must therefore apply much more force than the weight (weight is mass times acceleration due to gravity), otherwise the elevator would not decelerate. The same applies in the event that the balance weight is equipped with a safety gear.
  • High-speed elevators must be equipped with a safety gear that also operates when driving upwards, which responds when driving up too fast.
  • these upward-acting safety gears are activated on the third-highest floor and decelerate the elevator if the control fails and the upward drive does not slow down in time before reaching the highest floor.
  • Safety gears in the Driving upward must slow down much less because with a deceleration greater than gravitational acceleration, passengers would be thrown by their own inertia against the ceiling of the elevator. Accordingly, the forces that must apply the safety gear when driving upward, correspondingly lower than the forces that it must apply when driving down.
  • the safety gears must be self-locking, as soon as they have triggered hold the lift until they are released.
  • Many safety gears are designed so that they can be solved by the lift or its load-carrying means is moved counter to the direction of capture, because this is not a separate mechanism for releasing the safety gear necessary. That if the safety device has responded when traveling downhill or when driving upwards, the elevator is moved either with the drive device or with an auxiliary device counter to the direction of travel, whereby the safety gear triggers.
  • the problem is that the forces to release can be very large, so that the drive device can not muster these high forces.
  • the forces for releasing the safety gear are particularly large when the safety gear has responded when traveling downhill, because in this case, the braking forces are correspondingly large.
  • the load-bearing means against the safety gear has a certain amount of play.
  • the drive unit can therefore accelerate the load receiving means initially a few centimeters when triggered safety gear, then strikes the lifting device on the safety gear and solves this, not only the force of the drive unit acts, but the much larger inertial force of the elevator.
  • the safety gear is therefore unleashed like a hammer.
  • it is necessary that the safety gear is constructed so that the load-carrying means can be moved slightly with safety gear in catch position. Without such safety gears, this method can not be used. This method thus requires a mechanical conversion of the elevator.
  • the EP 1641700 B1 discloses a method for releasing a lifting device from the catch, in which a wire rope is fixed to the load receiving means and the balance weight, which is deflected down the shaft via a loaded with a tension weight loose roller.
  • the safety gear can be configured as desired, so it is not necessary that the safety gear in the fishing position allows limited mobility of the lifting device.
  • the disadvantage arises that for loosening the lifting device from a catch an additional chain hoist with the appropriate drive must be attached to the wire.
  • JP4251083 discloses a method for releasing a safety gear arranged on a car from a catching position to a downward travel, wherein first the carrying means is fastened to the carrying wheel. Thereafter, the cabin was moved up to release the safety gear.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a method of the type mentioned, which can be applied regardless of a, albeit small displaceability of the lifting device in the fishing position of the safety gear and requires no additional facilities. It should also be applicable to a catch of the counterweight.
  • the proposed measures ensures that after a catch of the load-carrying device from a downward movement by driving the drive in the sense of a downward movement, the balance weight is raised and this is thus brought to a higher potential energy level. After the reversal of the drive in the sense of an upward movement of the lifting device to release the safety gear, the balance weight falls down, whereby its potential energy is released and this supports the moment of the drive, whereby the time required to release the safety gear is applied.
  • the load-receiving means By driving the drive in the sense of an upward movement of the lifting device, the load-receiving means is raised and thus brought to a higher potential energy level. After the reversal of the drive in the sense of a downward movement of the lifting device to release the safety gear fall the load-receiving means down, whereby its potential energy is released and this supports the moment of the drive, whereby the time required to release the safety gear is applied.
  • the drive can not raise the balance weight arbitrarily high, as long as the safety gear blocks the elevator. There are two possibilities: either the engine is not strong enough to lift the counterbalance weight until the lift cage support means are completely relaxed so that the engine locks; or it is sufficiently strong, then the suspension means begins to slip on the traction sheave as soon as the suspension means are relaxed to the cabin, because then they no longer rest with sufficient force on the traction sheave.
  • the angle of rotation of the traction sheave while driving the drive unit to - if the safety gear is arranged on the load receiving means - to raise the balance weight or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to raise the load-receiving means is limited. This is useful if the power of the motor is sufficient to cause the suspension on the traction sheave to slip.
  • the balance weight can only be minimally increased. However, this is not the case, as has been found in the context of the present invention, because obviously the elasticity of the support means is so large that the balance weight can be raised at least a few inches before either of the two situations described (blocking the engine or slipping of the Tragstoffs on the traction sheave) occurs. However, the energy gained thereby has a very positive effect on the subsequent switching over of the direction of rotation of the traction sheave because the compensating weight is given a clear speed until the tensioning device is again completely tensioned, which helps to loosen the safety gear. If this does not succeed the first time, this process can also be repeated, as will be described.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it can be carried out without mechanical conversions, ie that normally no technician has to appear on site. For this purpose, it is necessary that the controller recognizes in which direction the catch is to be solved.
  • two options are provided according to embodiments of the invention, namely that the controller for determining the release direction the sign of the last set target speed, or that the control to determine the release direction uses the sign of the last recorded speed of the lifting device. The latter option is useful if the drive is constantly stored in the operation control; if this is not the case, the setpoint speed is used.
  • the load-carrying means or the balance weight does not have to be released already during the first implementation of the method according to the invention; In this case, the procedure is repeated several times in succession. But it is necessary to know if the catch has been released or not.
  • two possibilities are provided, namely that a path of the lifting device or the balance weight or the rotational angle of the traction sheave during the action of the torque on the support means to - if the safety gear is arranged on the load receiving means - the balance weight down to move or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to move the load-bearing means down, measured and compared with a setpoint s max , and the previous process steps are repeated if this setpoint is not reached, or that the torque actually applied to - If the safety gear is arranged on the load-receiving means - to move the balance weight down or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to move the load handler down, measured and compared with a target value, and that the previous procedural If this setpoint is exceeded, these steps are repeated.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out without technicians on site, which reduces the maintenance effort accordingly.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a equipped with a safety gear elevator system.
  • This consists essentially of a guided on guide rails 1 load-carrying means 2, a drive unit 3, a balance weight 4, a support means 5 (eg, a number of suspension cables) and a speed limiter system 6.
  • the load-receiving means 2 comprises a car 10, depending on the design of an additional cabin frame 11 may have, upper Guide shoes 12 and two safety gears 13.
  • Such a safety gear 13 is composed of a retaining means 14 and connected to the load receiving means 2 catching console 16 on which the retaining means 14 is attached and which additionally carries two lower guide shoes 17.
  • the load-receiving means 2 and the balance weight 4 hang on the guided by a drive pulley 18 of the drive unit 3 support means 5 and are moved by the drive system formed from these components along the guide rails up and down.
  • a speed limit normally a speed limiter cable 20, which is moved synchronously with the load receiving means, is blocked by a speed limiter 21, which activates the retaining means 14 of the two safety gear 13 which are connected to one another via a coupling mechanism 22 via a coupling mechanism 22.
  • this clamping mechanisms contained thereby generate by utilizing the kinetic energy of the load receiving means 2, a clamping action between the retaining means 14 and the guide rails.
  • Fig. 2 shows a possible embodiment of a retaining means 14.
  • the guide rail of a lifting device is designated.
  • a base body 23 has a recess 24 into which the guide rail 1 protrudes.
  • a first brake shoe 26 supported by prestressed spring elements 25 is arranged in the base body 23.
  • a second brake shoe 27 is present, which is supported on an eccentric 28 mounted in the base body 23. This is rotatably connected to a Abrollefficiency 29, the periphery of which would touch the guide rail side, but at its periphery has a flat 30, which prevents this contact in the spring-centered normal position of the unwinding disc 29.
  • An overspeed of the speed governor cable 20 via the trip lever 15 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) actuated trigger mechanism 31 causes a rotation of the eccentric 28 with the unwinding disc 29 so far that the non-flattened part of the periphery of the unwinding disc 29 touches the guide rail 1.
  • the latter is rotated so far together with the eccentric 28 until a stop, not shown here, stops the rotation, whereupon the unwinding disc 29 is forced to slide on the guide rail 1.
  • the rotation of the eccentric 28 causes the second brake shoe 27 supported thereon to move against the guide rail and the latter clamps in between the two brake shoes 26, 27, wherein the elastic support of the first brake shoe 26 determines the clamping force as a function of the eccentric stroke.
  • the rolling disc 29 is rotated with the eccentric 28 in the positive direction of rotation 29 'or negative direction of rotation 29' '.
  • “Positive direction of rotation” means counterclockwise
  • “negative direction of rotation” means clockwise.
  • the limited by stops limit maximum rotation angle are different for the positive and the negative sense of rotation, creating different Exzenterhübe with correspondingly different clamping and braking forces that are adapted to the requirements for catching from downward or upward movement.
  • the braking forces must be lower in the upward movement than in the downward movement, whereby the clamping forces are correspondingly lower.
  • this retaining means 14 is opposite to the existing prior to the trapping movement direction of the lifting device 2 to move, which is usually done by moving the load receiving means 2 by means of the drive unit 3 ,
  • the eccentric 28 is rotated back by the rolling disc 29 in its spring-centered normal position, in which no clamping forces are generated.
  • the unlocking requires a considerable Force, especially when a catch from the downward movement to be unlocked.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further possible embodiment of the retaining means 14.
  • a base body 32 has a recess 34 into which the guide rail 1 protrudes.
  • a rectangular brake plate 33 is embedded in the base body 32, and on the opposite side of the base body 32 includes a clamping ramp 35.
  • a via the trigger 15 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) with the speed governor cable 20 ( Fig. 1 ) associated trigger mechanism 36 carries a cylindrical clamp body 37 which is disposed in the space between the clamping ramp 35 and the guide rail 1.
  • the blocked speed limiter cable causes the release mechanism 36 to lift the clamp body 37 and bring it into contact with the guide rail 1 and the clamping ramp 35 moving relative to it so that the clamp body 37 wedges between the guide rail 1 and the clamping ramp 35.
  • the load-receiving means is braked.
  • this retaining means 14 In order to unlock the existing self-locking clamping between this retaining means 14 and the guide rail 1 after a trap, this retaining means 14 is opposite to the existing prior to the trapping movement direction of the lifting device 2 to move, which is usually done by moving the lifting device by means of the drive unit. In this case, the cylindrical clamping body 37 moves out of the wedge gap, so that no clamping forces are available. The unlocking requires a considerable effort.
  • Fig. 4 shows one opposite Fig. 1 slightly modified drive of the elevator. Same parts have the same reference number as in Fig. 1 and will not be explained again. Compared to Fig. 1 is Fig. 4 even more schematic, because it depends only on the changed drive. In particular, the upper ones Guide shoes 12 not shown, and also the retaining means 14 are not visible; they can be integrated into the lower guide shoes 17.
  • the clamping forces are relatively low at a catch from the upward movement, so that the drive motor can solve the safety gear by driving in the downward direction. With a catch from the downward movement but the necessary forces are much larger, and here the normal drive often fails. According to the invention, the engine is therefore driven in a special way after a catch from downwards, as now on hand Fig. 5 and 6 is explained.
  • the block 41 "engine speed measurement” provides the engine speed (and thus a measure of the speed of the elevator).
  • the engine speed is compared in a differential amplifier 42 with a desired speed.
  • the difference signal is the block If the deviation is 0, then it gives no signal, the deviation is small, then it delivers a corresponding correction signal, the deviation is very high, then it stops the elevator.
  • the block 44 "Motor current measurement” supplies the motor current (and thus a measure of the torque of the motor, that is a measure of the force acting on the load-receiving means or the balance weight).
  • the torque is compared with a desired torque in a further differential amplifier 45.
  • This differential amplifier 45 also receives the output of the block "speed control” 43 as an additional input signal.
  • the resulting output signal is fed to the block 46 "current controller”. Its output signal is processed in block 47 "modulator” to control signals for the switches of the "inverter power stage” 48, wherein the switching duration of the switch determine the current in the motor 40.
  • Fig. 6 shows the course of the moment M (t) of the drive and the corresponding paths s (t) in the application of the method according to the invention as a function of the time t.
  • the drive is first acted upon for a maximum time duration t max1 in a direction opposite to that of the release device 13 (ie in the sense of the downward travel).
  • the release direction is in Fig. 6 indicated by an arrow to the left of the diagram.
  • the torque curve is predetermined by the torque profile generator 49 and converted into current values via the blocks 46, 47 and 48, that the motor 40 delivers exactly the predetermined torque curve. Any deviations are detected by the motor current measurement and compensated by the differential amplifier 45.
  • the negative counting direction corresponds to the release direction of the safety gear 13.
  • M max is the predetermined torque which is predetermined by the torque profile generator 49.
  • S max is a safety limit for the way. In the case shown, this safety limit s max is not reached because the motor 40 is already threatening to block when the time t max1 has elapsed. If the suspension element slipped on the traction sheave 18, then s max would be exceeded within the time span t max1 . The motor 40 is reversed in the opposite direction when either s max or t max1 is exceeded to avoid unsafe conditions, particularly stalling (t max1 ) of the motor 40 or slippage of the suspension means on the traction sheave 18 (s max ).
  • the motor 40 is again supplied with the predetermined torque M max , for a time t max2 . If within this time the lift is released (and s correspondingly takes large negative values, as shown in the diagram), normal can be continued until the next floor. If not, then the inventive method must be repeated.
  • the drive unit is thus first acted against the release direction of the safety gear 13, whereby the load receiving means 2 is applied downward, so that the support means 5 between the traction sheave 18 and the load receiving means 2 is relaxed and there is a lifting of the balance weight 4.
  • the direction of rotation changes, and the energy stored in the balance weight 4 supports the drive unit 3 in doing so Lifting device 2 in the release direction of the safety gear 13 (ie upwards) to move and to solve them.

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  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour débloquer un parachute (13) disposé sur un dispositif porteur de charge (2) ou sur un contrepoids (4) d'un ascenseur, à partir d'une position de blocage après un trajet descendant, étant précisé que le dispositif porteur de charge (2) est relié au contrepoids (4) par un élément porteur (5) et que les deux sont mobiles conjointement à l'aide d'une unité d'entraînement (3) qui comprend un moteur électrique (40) à mouvement réversible et une poulie motrice (18) sur laquelle passe l'élément porteur (5), caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'entraînement (3) agit tout d'abord avec un couple prédéfini (Mmax) sur l'élément porteur (5), en soulevant le contrepoids, dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le dispositif porteur de charge (2), ou le dispositif porteur de charge (2), dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le contrepoids (4), et agit ensuite dans le sens de rotation opposé, avec un couple prédéfini (Mmax), sur l'élément porteur (5), étant précisé que le contrepoids (4) soulevé ou le dispositif porteur de charge (2) soulevé est déplacé vers le bas.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la durée de la commande de l'unité d'entraînement (3) avec un couple prédéfini (Mmax) pour soulever le contrepoids - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le dispositif porteur de charge (2) - ou pour soulever le dispositif porteur de charge - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le contrepoids (4) - est limitée (tmax1).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un angle de rotation de la poulie motrice (18) pendant la commande de l'unité d'entraînement (3) pour soulever le contrepoids - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le dispositif porteur de charge (2) - ou pour soulever le dispositif porteur de charge - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le contrepoids (4) - est limité (smax).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, étant précisé que l'unité d'entraînement (3) de l'ascenseur comporte un moteur (40) commandé par l'intermédiaire d'un convertisseur de fréquence, caractérisé en ce que la tension et les courants de moteur sont fixés à l'aide d'un réglage vectoriel, et le flux magnétique et le couple sont réglés indépendamment.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une commande qui utilise, pour fixer un sens de déblocage, le signe d'une vitesse théorique prédéfinie en dernier.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une commande qui utilise, pour fixer un sens de déblocage, le signe de la vitesse du dispositif porteur de charge (2) enregistrée en dernier.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une course du dispositif porteur de charge (2) ou du contrepoids (4) ou l'angle de rotation de la poulie motrice (18) sont mesurés pendant l'action du couple sur l'élément porteur (5) pour déplacer vers le bas le contrepoids - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le dispositif porteur de charge (2) - ou pour déplacer vers le bas le dispositif porteur de charge - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le contrepoids (4), et sont comparés à une valeur théorique (smax), et les étapes précédentes du procédé sont répétées si cette valeur théorique n'est pas atteinte.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le couple réellement fourni pour déplacer vers le bas le contrepoids - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le dispositif porteur de charge (2) - ou pour déplacer vers le bas le dispositif porteur de charge - dans le cas où le parachute (13) est disposé sur le contrepoids (4) - est mesuré et est comparé à une valeur théorique, et en ce que les étapes précédentes du procédé sont répétées si cette valeur théorique est dépassée.
EP09759957.5A 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture Active EP2352689B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09759957.5A EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08170669 2008-12-04
PCT/EP2009/065974 WO2010063650A1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à détacher un dispositif d'accrochage de charge ou un contrepoids d'équilibre d'un ascenseur, d'une position de maintien
EP09759957.5A EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2352689A1 EP2352689A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
EP2352689B1 true EP2352689B1 (fr) 2013-04-10

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EP09759957.5A Active EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

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Country Link
US (1) US8668055B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2352689B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102239098B (fr)
ES (1) ES2416064T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010063650A1 (fr)

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WO2019110740A1 (fr) 2017-12-07 2019-06-13 Inventio Ag Parachute pour cabine, système d'ascenseur muni d'un parachute, et procédé de déverrouillage d'un parachute
US11261056B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-03-01 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety actuator systems

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FI125117B (fi) * 2009-11-10 2015-06-15 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissijärjestelmän yhteydessä, sekä hissijärjestelmä
US8863908B2 (en) * 2010-09-09 2014-10-21 Inventio Ag Controlling a drive motor of an elevator installation
EP3591670A1 (fr) 2010-11-03 2020-01-08 Borealis AG Composition polymère et câble électrique comprenant la composition polymère
KR20130122663A (ko) * 2011-04-01 2013-11-07 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 엘리베이터 장치
US10315886B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2019-06-11 Otis Elevator Company Electronic safety actuation device with a power assembly, magnetic brake and electromagnetic component
EP3299325B1 (fr) * 2016-09-26 2020-12-09 KONE Corporation Detection d'impact dans une porte d'ascenseur
CN107082337A (zh) * 2017-06-09 2017-08-22 浙江理工大学 一种齿轮齿条啮合式电梯安全钳钳夹装置
CN109231057A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-18 无锡星亿智能环保装备股份有限公司 一种偏心式刹车保险机构
US11691847B2 (en) * 2019-06-20 2023-07-04 Tk Elevator Corporation Elevator travel blocking apparatus

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JP4251083B2 (ja) * 2004-01-23 2009-04-08 パナソニック電工株式会社 内装用化粧ボード
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FI125117B (fi) * 2009-11-10 2015-06-15 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissijärjestelmän yhteydessä, sekä hissijärjestelmä
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WO2019110740A1 (fr) 2017-12-07 2019-06-13 Inventio Ag Parachute pour cabine, système d'ascenseur muni d'un parachute, et procédé de déverrouillage d'un parachute
US11807496B2 (en) 2017-12-07 2023-11-07 Inventio Ag Catching device for a traveling body, elevator system having a catching device and method for unblocking a catching device
US11261056B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-03-01 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety actuator systems

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CN102239098B (zh) 2013-08-14
US20110290591A1 (en) 2011-12-01
US8668055B2 (en) 2014-03-11
WO2010063650A1 (fr) 2010-06-10
CN102239098A (zh) 2011-11-09
ES2416064T3 (es) 2013-07-30
EP2352689A1 (fr) 2011-08-10

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