EP2352689A1 - Procédé destiné à détacher un dispositif d'accrochage de charge ou un contrepoids d'équilibre d'un ascenseur, d'une position de maintien - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à détacher un dispositif d'accrochage de charge ou un contrepoids d'équilibre d'un ascenseur, d'une position de maintien

Info

Publication number
EP2352689A1
EP2352689A1 EP09759957A EP09759957A EP2352689A1 EP 2352689 A1 EP2352689 A1 EP 2352689A1 EP 09759957 A EP09759957 A EP 09759957A EP 09759957 A EP09759957 A EP 09759957A EP 2352689 A1 EP2352689 A1 EP 2352689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance weight
receiving means
load
safety gear
load receiving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09759957A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2352689B1 (fr
Inventor
Erich Spirgi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP09759957.5A priority Critical patent/EP2352689B1/fr
Publication of EP2352689A1 publication Critical patent/EP2352689A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2352689B1 publication Critical patent/EP2352689B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0087—Devices facilitating maintenance, repair or inspection tasks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Lifts consist essentially of a load-carrying means and a balance weight, which are interconnected via a suspension means.
  • the suspension is usually made up of several ropes (steel cables), but there are also synthetic fiber ropes, flat belts, ribbed belts u.a.
  • the load-handling device is usually an elevator car (in particular for passenger lifts).
  • Lifts in particular the load handling devices, must be equipped with safety gears. If a predetermined speed is exceeded when traveling downhill, the safety gear triggers and brakes the elevator. Such catching devices acting in the downward direction are intended in particular for the case of a breakage of the suspension element. In this case, the elevator accelerates downwards by 1 g (g is the gravitational acceleration). The safety gear must therefore apply much more force than the weight (weight is mass times acceleration due to gravity), otherwise the elevator would not decelerate. The same applies in the event that the balance weight is equipped with a safety gear.
  • High-speed elevators must be equipped with a safety gear that also operates when driving upwards, which responds when driving up too fast.
  • these upward-acting safety gears are activated on the third-highest floor and decelerate the elevator if the control fails and the upward drive does not slow down in time before reaching the highest floor.
  • Safety gears in the Driving upward must slow down much less because with a deceleration greater than gravitational acceleration, passengers would be thrown by their own inertia against the ceiling of the elevator. Accordingly, the forces that must apply the safety gear when driving upward, correspondingly lower than the forces that it must apply when driving down.
  • the safety gears must be self-locking, as soon as they have triggered hold the lift until they are released.
  • Many safety gears are designed so that they can be solved by the lift or its load-carrying means is moved counter to the direction of capture, because this is not a separate mechanism for releasing the safety gear necessary. That If the safety gear has responded when driving downwards or when driving upwards, the elevator is moved either with the drive device or with an auxiliary device counter to the direction of travel, as a result of which the safety gear detaches.
  • the problem is that the forces to release can be very large, so that the drive device can not muster these high forces.
  • the forces for releasing the safety gear are particularly large when the safety gear has responded when traveling downhill, because in this case, the braking forces are correspondingly large.
  • the load-carrying means against the safety gear has a certain amount of play.
  • the drive unit can therefore accelerate the load receiving means initially a few centimeters when triggered safety gear, then strikes the load-carrying means on the safety gear and solves this, not only the force of the drive unit acts, but the much larger inertial force of the elevator.
  • the safety gear is therefore unleashed like a hammer.
  • it is necessary that the safety gear is constructed so that the load-carrying means can be moved slightly with safety gear in catch position. Without such safety gears, this procedure can not be used. This method thus requires a mechanical conversion of the elevator.
  • EP 1641700 Bl discloses a method for releasing a load-carrying device from the catch, in which a wire rope is fastened to the load-receiving means and to the balance weight, which is deflected downwards in the shaft via a loose roller loaded with a tension weight.
  • the wire rope is pulled by means of a chain hoist in one or the other direction.
  • the catching device can be designed as desired, so it is not necessary that the safety gear in the catching position allows limited mobility of the lifting device.
  • the disadvantage arises that for loosening the lifting device from a catch an additional chain hoist with the appropriate drive must be attached to the wire.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a method of the type mentioned, which can be applied regardless of a, albeit small displaceability of the lifting device in the fishing position of the safety gear and requires no additional facilities. It should also be applicable to a catch of the counterweight.
  • the proposed measures ensure that after a catch of the load-carrying device from a downward movement by driving the drive in the sense of a downward movement, the balance weight is raised and this is thus brought to a higher potential energy level. After the reversal of the drive in the sense of an upward movement of the lifting device for releasing the safety gear, the balance weight falls down, whereby its potential energy is released and this supports the moment of the drive, whereby the time required to release the catch device torque is applied.
  • the load-receiving means By driving the drive in the sense of an upward movement of the lifting device, the load-receiving means is raised and this is thus brought to a higher potential energy level. After the reversal of the drive in the sense of a downward movement of the lifting device to release the safety gear fall the load-receiving means down, whereby its potential energy is released and this supports the moment of the drive, whereby the time required to release the safety gear is applied.
  • the following statements refer to the catching of the load-carrying device (the elevator car), because this is the more frequent case; however, they apply mutatis mutandis to the capture of the balancing weight.
  • the drive can not raise the balance weight arbitrarily high, as long as the safety gear blocks the elevator. There are two possibilities: either the engine is not strong enough to lift the counterbalance weight until the lift cage support means are completely relaxed so that the engine locks; or it is sufficiently strong, then the suspension means begins to slip on the traction sheave as soon as the suspension means are relaxed to the cabin, because then they no longer rest with sufficient force on the traction sheave.
  • the time of driving the drive unit is at a predetermined torque to - if the safety gear is arranged on the load receiving means - to raise the balance weight or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to lift the load receiving means, limited, i. the predetermined moment is applied only for a certain time. This is useful if the power of the engine is not sufficient to completely relax the suspension means to the elevator car.
  • the time should be chosen so that the balance weight is raised to the maximum.
  • the angle of rotation of the traction sheave while driving the drive unit to - if the safety gear is arranged on the load receiving means - to raise the balance weight or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to raise the load-receiving means is limited. This is useful if the power of the motor is sufficient to cause the suspension on the traction sheave to slip.
  • the balance weight can only be minimally increased. However, this is not the case, as has been found in the context of the present invention, because obviously the elasticity of the support means is so large that the balance weight can be raised at least a few inches before either of the two situations described (blocking the engine or slipping of the Tragstoffs on the traction sheave) occurs.
  • the energy gained thereby has a very positive effect on the subsequent switching over of the direction of rotation of the traction sheave, because the compensating weight until the complete complete tightening of the suspension element gets a clear speed, which helps to loosen the trapping device. If this does not succeed the first time, this process can also be repeated, as will be described.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it can be carried out without mechanical conversions, ie that normally no technician has to appear on site. For this purpose, it is necessary that the controller recognizes in which direction the catch is to be solved.
  • two options are provided according to embodiments of the invention, namely that the controller for determining the release direction the sign of the last set target speed, or that the control to determine the release direction uses the sign of the last recorded speed of the lifting device. The latter option is useful if the drive is constantly stored in the operation control; if this is not the case, the setpoint speed is used.
  • the load-carrying means or the balance weight does not have to be released already during the first implementation of the method according to the invention; In this case, the procedure is repeated several times in succession. But it is necessary to know if the catch has been released or not.
  • two possibilities are provided, namely that a path of the load receiving means or the balance weight or the rotational angle of the traction sheave during the action of the torque on the support means to - if the safety gear is arranged on the load receiving means - the balance weight after move down or - if the safety gear is arranged on the balance weight - to move the load-bearing means down, measured and compared with a setpoint s max , and the previous process steps are repeated if this setpoint is not reached, or that the torque actually applied in order, if the safety gear is arranged on the load handling device, to move the balance weight downwards or, if the safety gear is located at the balance weight, to move the load handling device downwards, measured and compared with a setpoint value; are repeated when this setpoint is exceeded.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an elevator with a safety gear
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of an effective only in the downward direction of travel of the load-receiving means retaining means.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a lift which is differently driven compared to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a controller for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a diagram of a torque curve of the drive and the corresponding paths provided by the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a equipped with a safety gear elevator system.
  • This consists essentially of a guided on guide rails 1 load-carrying means 2, a drive unit 3, a balance weight 4, a support means 5 (eg a number of support cables) and a speed limiter system 6.
  • the load receiving means 2 comprises a car 10, depending on the design a may have additional cabin frame 11, upper Guide shoes 12 and two safety gears 13.
  • Such a safety gear 13 is composed of a retaining means 14 and connected to the load receiving means 2 catching console 16 on which the retaining means 14 is attached and which additionally carries two lower guide shoes 17.
  • the load-receiving means 2 and the balance weight 4 hang on the guided by a drive pulley 18 of the drive unit 3 support means 5 and are moved by the drive system formed from these components along the guide rails up and down.
  • a speed limit normally a speed limiter cable 20, which is moved synchronously with the load receiving means, is blocked by a speed limiter 21, which activates the retaining means 14 of the two safety gear 13 which are connected to one another via a coupling mechanism 22 via a coupling mechanism 22.
  • Fig. 2 shows a possible embodiment of a retaining means 14.
  • 1 denotes the guide rail of a load-receiving means.
  • a base body 23 has a recess 24 into which the guide rail 1 protrudes.
  • a first brake shoe 26 supported by prestressed spring elements 25 is arranged in the base body 23.
  • a second brake shoe 27 is present, which is supported on an eccentric 28 mounted in the base body 23. This is rotatably connected to a Abrollefficiency 29, the periphery of the guide rail would touch the side, but at its periphery has a flat 30, which prevents this contact in the spring-centered normal position of the unwinding disc 29.
  • a tripping mechanism 31 operated at overspeed by the overspeed governor 20 via the trip lever 15 (FIG. 1) causes a rotation of the eccentric 28 with the unwinding disc 29 so far that the non-flattened part of the periphery of the unwinding disc 29 touches the guide rail 1.
  • the latter is rotated so far together with the eccentric 28 until a stop, not shown here, stops the rotation, whereupon the unwinding disc 29 is forced to slide on the guide rail 1.
  • the rotation of the eccentric 28 causes the second brake shoe 27 supported thereon to move against the guide rail and the latter clamps in between the two brake shoes 26, 27, wherein the elastic support of the first brake shoe 26 determines the clamping force as a function of the eccentric stroke.
  • the rolling disc 29 is rotated with the eccentric 28 in the positive direction of rotation 29 'or negative direction of rotation 29' '.
  • “Positive direction of rotation” means counterclockwise
  • “negative direction of rotation” means clockwise.
  • the limited by stops limit maximum rotation angle are different for the positive and the negative sense of rotation, creating different Exzenterhübe with correspondingly different clamping and braking forces that are adapted to the requirements for catching from downward or upward movement.
  • the braking forces must be lower in the upward movement than in the downward movement, whereby the clamping forces are correspondingly lower.
  • this retaining means 14 In order to unlock the self-locking clamping between the retaining means 14 and the guide rail 1, which is present after a fall, this retaining means 14 must be moved in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the load-receiving means 2 before the catch braking, which is usually done by shifting the
  • FIG. 3 shows a further possible embodiment of the retaining means 14.
  • a base body 32 has a recess 34, into which the guide rail 1 protrudes.
  • a block-shaped brake plate 33 is embedded in the base body 32, and on the opposite side, the base body 32 includes a clamping ramp 35.
  • An over the release lever 15 (Fig. 1) with the speed limiter rope 20 (Fig Connection standing release mechanism 36 carries a cylindrical clamp body 37 which is arranged in the space between the clamping ramp 35 and the guide rail 1.
  • the blocked speed limiter cable causes the release mechanism 36 to lift the clamp body 37 and bring it into contact with the guide rail 1 and the clamping ramp 35 moving relative thereto, so that the clamp body 37 wedges between the guide rail 1 and the clamping ramp 35.
  • the load-receiving means is braked.
  • this retaining means 14 In order to unlock the existing self-locking clamping between this retaining means 14 and the guide rail 1 after a fall, this retaining means 14 is opposite to the existing prior to the trapping movement direction of the lifting device 2 to move, which usually takes place by moving the lifting device by means of the drive unit , In this case, the cylindrical clamping body 37 moves out of the wedge gap, so that no clamping forces are available. The unlocking movement requires a considerable effort.
  • Fig. 4 shows a comparison with FIG. 1 slightly modified drive of the elevator. Like parts have the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 and will not be explained again. Compared with Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is much more schematic, because it depends only on the changed drive. In particular, the upper ones Guide shoes 12 not shown, and also the retaining means 14 are not visible; they can be integrated into the lower guide shoes 17.
  • Fig. 1 The main difference with respect to Fig. 1 is that here both the load-carrying means 2 (ie the car 10) and the balance weight 4 are held in loose roles. Thus acts on the support means 5 only half as much force, or the support means 5 can transmit twice as much power to the car 10 and the balance weight 4.
  • the traction sheave 18 has a wrap angle of 180 °, ie a much larger wrap angle than the embodiment of FIG. 1. This allows a higher torque to be transmitted, so the suspension element 5 are subjected to more force.
  • the forces transferable to the cabin 10 or to the balance weight 4 in this embodiment are substantially larger than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Since the maximum transferable force In the inventive method to be described now plays a crucial role, the embodiment of FIG. 4 for this method is better suited than the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the clamping forces are relatively low at a catch from the upward movement, so that the drive motor can solve the safety gear by driving in the downward direction. With a catch from the downward movement but the necessary forces are much larger, and here the normal drive often fails. According to the invention, the motor is therefore driven in a special way after a catch from downward travel, as will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • Block "engine speed measurement” provides the engine speed (and thus a measure of the speed of the elevator).
  • the engine speed is compared in a differential amplifier 42 with a desired speed.
  • the difference signal is the block If the deviation is 0, then it gives no signal, the deviation is small, then it delivers a corresponding correction signal, the deviation is very high, then it stops the elevator.
  • the block 44 "Motor current measurement” supplies the motor current (and thus a measure of the torque of the motor, that is a measure of the force acting on the load-receiving means or the balance weight).
  • the torque is compared with a desired torque in a further differential amplifier 45.
  • This differential amplifier 45 also receives the output of the block "speed control” 43 as an additional input signal.
  • the resulting output signal is fed to the block 46 "current controller”. Its output signal is processed in block 47 "modulator” to control signals for the switches of the "inverter power stage” 48, wherein the switching duration of the switch determine the current in the motor 40.
  • FIG. 6 shows the profile of the torque M (t) of the drive and of the corresponding paths s (t) when the method according to the invention is used as a function of the time t.
  • the drive is first acted upon for a maximum time duration t max i in a direction opposite to the release direction of the safety gear 13 (ie in the sense of the downward travel).
  • the loosening direction is indicated in FIG. 6 by an arrow to the left of the diagram.
  • the torque curve is predetermined by the torque profile generator 49 and converted into current values via the blocks 46, 47 and 48, that the motor 40 delivers exactly the predetermined torque curve. Any deviations are detected by the motor current measurement and compensated by the differential amplifier 45.
  • the negative counting direction corresponds to the release direction of the safety gear 13.
  • M max is the predetermined torque which is predetermined by the torque profile generator 49.
  • S max is a safety limit for the way. In the case shown, this safety limit s max is not reached because the motor 40 is already threatening to block when the time t max i has elapsed. If the suspension element slipped on the traction sheave 18, then s max would be exceeded within the time span t max i. The motor 40 is switched in the opposite direction when either s max or t max i is exceeded in order to avoid unsafe conditions, in particular blocking (t max i) of the motor 40 or slippage of the suspension means on the traction sheave 18 (s max ).
  • the motor 40 is again supplied with the predetermined torque M max , for a time t max2 . If within this time the lift is released (and s correspondingly takes large negative values, as shown in the diagram), normal can be continued until the next floor. If not, then the inventive method must be repeated.
  • the drive unit is thus first acted against the release direction of the safety gear 13, whereby the load receiving means 2 is applied downward, so that the support means 5 between the traction sheave 18 and the load receiving means 2 is relaxed and there is a lifting of the balance weight 4.
  • the direction of rotation changes, and the energy stored in the balance weight 4 supports the drive unit 3 in doing so Lifting device 2 in the release direction of the safety gear 13 (ie upwards) to move and to solve them.

Landscapes

  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à détacher un dispositif d'accrochage de charge (2) d'un ascenseur, d'un dispositif d'arrêt (13) se trouvant en position de maintien après course descendante, le dispositif d'accrochage de charge (2) étant lié, via un moyen porteur (5), avec un contrepoids d'équilibre (4), et étant déplaçable au moyen d'une unité d'entraînement (3) qui comprend un moteur électrique réversible (40) et une poulie motrice (18) via laquelle les moyens porteurs (5) sont guidés. Pour un grand nombre de dispositifs d'arrêt, le dispositif d'accrochage de charge (2) doit, une fois saisi, être déplacé avant d'être saisi, à l'encontre du sens de déplacement du dispositif d'accrochage de charge (2), pour détacher celui-ci, lors d'une prise, après course descendante, c'est-à-dire vers le haut. En vue de permettre un détachement simple du dispositif d'arrêt, l'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'unité d'entraînement (3) est commandée à l'opposé du sens de détachement (c'est-à-dire dans le sens de marche descendante) pour un temps (tmax1) ou pour un parcours déterminé (smax) avec un couple prédéterminé (Mmax) et est commandée ensuite le plus brusquement possible dans le sens du détachement (c'est-à-dire dans le sens de marche ascendante), avec un couple prédéterminé (Mmax). Ce procédé peut être utilisé de façon analogue pour détacher le contrepoids d'équilibre de sa position de maintien. Ce procédé peut être utilisé de façon analogue pour le détachement du contrepoids d'équilibre (4) de la prise, après course descendante.
EP09759957.5A 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture Active EP2352689B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09759957.5A EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08170669 2008-12-04
PCT/EP2009/065974 WO2010063650A1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à détacher un dispositif d'accrochage de charge ou un contrepoids d'équilibre d'un ascenseur, d'une position de maintien
EP09759957.5A EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2352689A1 true EP2352689A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
EP2352689B1 EP2352689B1 (fr) 2013-04-10

Family

ID=40325901

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09759957.5A Active EP2352689B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-11-27 Procédé destiné à la libération du moyen de réception de charge ou du poids d'équilibrage d'un ascenseur à partir d'une position de capture

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8668055B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2352689B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102239098B (fr)
ES (1) ES2416064T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010063650A1 (fr)

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WO2009153353A1 (fr) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-23 Inventio Ag Système d’ascenseur avec moyen de sous-tension
FI125117B (fi) * 2009-11-10 2015-06-15 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissijärjestelmän yhteydessä, sekä hissijärjestelmä
US8863908B2 (en) * 2010-09-09 2014-10-21 Inventio Ag Controlling a drive motor of an elevator installation
EP3591670A1 (fr) 2010-11-03 2020-01-08 Borealis AG Composition polymère et câble électrique comprenant la composition polymère
EP2695841B1 (fr) * 2011-04-01 2016-01-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif d'ascenseur
US10315886B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2019-06-11 Otis Elevator Company Electronic safety actuation device with a power assembly, magnetic brake and electromagnetic component
EP3299325B1 (fr) * 2016-09-26 2020-12-09 KONE Corporation Detection d'impact dans une porte d'ascenseur
CN107082337A (zh) * 2017-06-09 2017-08-22 浙江理工大学 一种齿轮齿条啮合式电梯安全钳钳夹装置
US11807496B2 (en) 2017-12-07 2023-11-07 Inventio Ag Catching device for a traveling body, elevator system having a catching device and method for unblocking a catching device
CN109231057A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-18 无锡星亿智能环保装备股份有限公司 一种偏心式刹车保险机构
EP3670416A1 (fr) 2018-12-20 2020-06-24 Otis Elevator Company Frein de sécurité pour un contrepoids activé par une couche de traction
US11691847B2 (en) * 2019-06-20 2023-07-04 Tk Elevator Corporation Elevator travel blocking apparatus

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JPH0543150A (ja) * 1991-08-20 1993-02-23 Hitachi Ltd エレベータ
TW593117B (en) * 2000-12-07 2004-06-21 Inventio Ag Safety brake and method for unlocking a safety brake
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JP4251083B2 (ja) * 2004-01-23 2009-04-08 パナソニック電工株式会社 内装用化粧ボード
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FI125117B (fi) * 2009-11-10 2015-06-15 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissijärjestelmän yhteydessä, sekä hissijärjestelmä
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2416064T3 (es) 2013-07-30
US8668055B2 (en) 2014-03-11
WO2010063650A1 (fr) 2010-06-10
US20110290591A1 (en) 2011-12-01
EP2352689B1 (fr) 2013-04-10
CN102239098B (zh) 2013-08-14
CN102239098A (zh) 2011-11-09

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