EP2318613B1 - Floor panel made of plastic having mechanical locking edges - Google Patents

Floor panel made of plastic having mechanical locking edges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2318613B1
EP2318613B1 EP09780976.8A EP09780976A EP2318613B1 EP 2318613 B1 EP2318613 B1 EP 2318613B1 EP 09780976 A EP09780976 A EP 09780976A EP 2318613 B1 EP2318613 B1 EP 2318613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor panel
floor
panel according
edge
layer
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EP09780976.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2318613A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen HANNIG
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Akzenta Paneele and Profile GmbH
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Akzenta Paneele and Profile GmbH
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Priority to PL09780976T priority Critical patent/PL2318613T3/en
Publication of EP2318613A1 publication Critical patent/EP2318613A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E04F15/02033—Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floor panel comprising a carrier layer, which has a bendable and elastic plastic at use temperature of a floor, a decorative layer disposed above the support layer, at least two panel edges provided complementary mechanical locking means which cooperate in the locked state of two floor panels and counteract a movement apart.
  • a floor covering of generic, consisting essentially of plastic floor panels is suitable for a floating installation, that is, the floor panels are loose on the ground; on an adhesive bond is waived. Temperature fluctuations lead to expansion or shrinkage of the individual floor panels. The forces involved stress the mechanical locks and can cause the floor panels to move apart, creating a gap between adjacent panel edges. Such gaps are perceived as unaesthetic in a floor covering. In addition, the resistance of the floor surface suffers, when such columns arise.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a floor panel, can be produced with the aesthetically pleasing and also more durable floor coverings.
  • the object is achieved in that the mechanical locking means are designed so that in the connected state between the panel edges, a gap can be generated and they counteract in the locked state a moving apart of the floor panels in the plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edges, and at least one panel edge has an edge break at the edge of the decorative layer.
  • all panel edges are provided at the edge of the decorative layer with an edge breakage according to the invention.
  • the edge refraction of the floor panel causes a visual emphasis of the joint in a laid floor and thus serves as an aesthetic design tool.
  • the edge breakage protects the panel edge. The removal of material from the panel edge is largely avoided in this way.
  • the edge refraction may be formed, for example, as a chamfer, radius or fold.
  • the folds are preferably each formed as a stepped step.
  • Two joined floor panels with chamfer on the edge of the panel form a V-joint.
  • Two joined floor panels with folds at the edges of the panels form a so-called shadow gap.
  • a transparent wear protection layer is provided above the decorative layer.
  • Abrasion-inhibiting particles for example corundum, may be provided in the wear-resistant layer.
  • a Gegenzug Mrs Below the carrier layer may be provided a Schmidt Mrs. This is particularly useful if above the carrier layer other layers are arranged, bring the stresses in the floor panel and lead to a distortion. The Martinezzug Mrs then causes a balance, so that the floor panel retains or gets a flat shape.
  • a reinforcing layer may be provided which comprises, for example, fiber-reinforced material such as fiberglass, etc.
  • the reinforcing layer may be arranged as at least one intermediate layer in a divided carrier layer.
  • thermoplastic Elastomers include, for example, plastics based on polyolefin, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyamide.
  • a material from the group of amorphous elastomers may be provided as the plastic of the carrier layer.
  • amorphous elastomers which contain a plasticizer, for example, so-called soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • the thickness of the floor panel is preferably 1.5 mm to 6 mm.
  • the floor panel simply has four panel edges.
  • An expedient embodiment provides that at least one of two opposing panel edges is provided with a groove and the opposite panel edge is provided with a tongue complementary to the groove.
  • tongue and groove floor panel provides that the spring and the groove each have an undercut, that the distinction of the spring and the distinction of the groove are designed so that they in the locked state a moving apart of the floor panels in the plane and counteract perpendicular to the locked panel edge.
  • An additionally advantageous development provides that at least two mutually opposite panel edges are provided with complementary hook elements which can be locked together in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels.
  • a tongue and groove floor panel may be provided on a first pair of opposing panel edges and may include complementary hook members on a second pair of opposing panel edges.
  • each of the hook elements has an undercut which is designed so that in the locked state, a hook connection is formed, which counteracts a moving apart of the floor panels perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels.
  • an inventive floor panel 1 is shown. It comprises a carrier layer 2 made of flexible elastic plastic. Above the carrier layer 2, a decorative layer 3 is arranged. The decorative layer 3 has an image of a wood grain 3a. At the edge of the decorative layer 3, the panel edges 1a, 1b and 1c, 1d are provided with an edge break 4 in the form of a chamfer 4a. On the decorative layer 3, a transparent wear protection layer 5 is provided. There are provided mechanical locking means, namely a first pair of panel edges 1a and 1b, whose one panel edge 1a has a spring 6 with an undercut 7. The opposite panel edge 1b is provided with a complementary to the spring 6 formed groove. A second pair of opposing panel edges 1c and 1d is also provided with a panel edge 1c having a spring 8 with an undercut, while the opposite panel edge 1d has a groove 9 with an undercut 10 complementary to the spring 8.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show panel edges 11 and 12 with mechanical locking means in the form of hook elements 13 and 14.
  • the hook elements 13 and 14 each have an undercut surface 13a and 14a, in the locked state of two floor panels moving apart the floor panels in the panel plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edge 11 and 12 prevent.
  • the undercut surfaces provided for this purpose are respectively provided on a region 13b or 14b of the respective hook element projecting perpendicularly to the panel plane.
  • Adjacent to the vertically projecting region 13b or 14b is a hook recess 13c or 14c, which is designed so that in each case the vertically projecting region 13b or 14b of the hook element of the adjacent floor panel fits into this hook recess 13c or 14c.
  • the hook elements 13 and 14 are also designed so that further undercuts in the locked state of two floor panels counteract a moving apart of the floor panels in a direction perpendicular to the panel plane.
  • a wave profile 15 or 15 is provided on each of the hook elements, the locking projections 15a / 16a and locking recesses 15b / 16b has.
  • the wave profile 15 of the hook element 13 is designed to be complementary to the wave profile 16 of the other hook element 14, so that the latching projections 15a of the hook element 13 fit into the latching depressions 16b of the other hook element 14.
  • the complementary wave profiles 15 and 16 are formed so that an elastic deformation of the plastic material allows locking of the hook elements 13 and 14, without damaging their wave profiles 15 and 16 respectively.
  • a decorative layer 3 is provided, at the edge of the panel edge of the floor panel according to Fig. 2a has an edge breakage in the form of a chamfer 17. The same applies to decorative layer 3 according to Fig. 2b , There is a chamfer 18 is provided at the edge.
  • FIG. 3a The Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show sections of adjacent panel edges of two locked floor panels.
  • the panel edges each have an edge refraction in the form of a radius r 1 and r 2 .
  • a gap S is present, as it may arise from a mechanical load on the locking means. Due to the edge refraction of the unwanted gap S is visually unobtrusive.
  • the radii r 1 and r 2 damage to the panel edges is counteracted. In the ideal position, the panel edges are not moved apart, the gap S is absent so that the panel edges abut each other (not shown).
  • Fig. 3b the same applies as for Fig. 3a
  • the edge refractions are formed instead of radii in the form of chamfers f 1 and f 2 .
  • the chamfers f 1 and f 2 correspond to the chamfers 17 and 18 according to the FIGS. 2a and 2b ,
  • Fig. 3c is shown a further alternative, in which the edge refraction in the form of a so-called shadow gap d 1 or d 2 are formed. It is a material recess in the form of a paragraph.
  • the paragraph has a rectangular cross section with a parallel to the panel plane and a plane perpendicular to the panel plane surface. Otherwise, the same applies to the exemplary embodiment Fig. 3c the same as with respect Fig. 3a explained.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show panel edges with a different type of complementary locking means, namely spring and groove-based locking means, as already in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 contain.
  • the panel edge according to Fig. 4a has a spring with undercut 19a, while the panel edge according to Fig. 4b a complementary to the above-described spring 19 formed groove 20 with undercut 20a.
  • the floor panel with the spring is angled at an angle and the spring is inserted into the groove. Subsequently, the angled floor panel is pivoted down into the plane of the other floor panel. This creates a fomzschlüssige mechanical locking.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b is on a top of the floor panels a decorative layer 3 is provided.
  • the edge of the panel is provided with an edge refraction in the form of a bevel 21 and 22, respectively.
  • any other edge refraction may be provided instead of a chamfer, for example an edge refraction according to one of the FIGS. 3a, 3b or 3c .
  • the support layer may be divided, as indicated by the dashed line, with a reinforcing layer V being provided, which improves the dimensional stability of the floor panel.
  • Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an alternative floor panel 1, which has at a first pair of opposite panel edges 1c and 1d complementary locking means in the form of a spring 19 with undercut 19a.
  • the spring 19 is provided on a panel edge 1d.
  • a complementary groove 20 with undercut 20a is provided on the opposite panel edge 1c.
  • the second pair of panel edges 1a and 1b has complementary hook elements 13 and 14, respectively, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 2a and 2b described.
  • the alternative floor panel 1 comprises a carrier layer 2 of flexible elastic plastic. Above the carrier layer 2, a decorative layer 3 is arranged.
  • the decorative layer 3 has an image of a wood grain 3a.
  • the panel edges 1a, 1b and 1c, 1d are provided with an edge break 4 in the form of a chamfer 4a.
  • a transparent wear protection layer 5 is provided on the decorative layer 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fußbodenpaneel umfassend eine Trägerschicht, die einen bei Gebrauchstemperatur eines Fußbodens biegeweichen und elastischen Kunststoff aufweist, eine oberhalb der Trägerschicht angeordnete Dekorschicht, wenigstens an zwei Paneelkanten vorgesehene komplementäre mechanische Verriegelungsmittel, die im verriegelten Zustand zweier Fußbodenpaneele zusammenwirken und einem Auseinanderbewegen der entgegenwirken.The invention relates to a floor panel comprising a carrier layer, which has a bendable and elastic plastic at use temperature of a floor, a decorative layer disposed above the support layer, at least two panel edges provided complementary mechanical locking means which cooperate in the locked state of two floor panels and counteract a movement apart.

Aus der DE 199 44 399 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßes Fußbodenpaneel bekannt. Dieses weist eine Trägerschicht aus biegeweichem aber trotzdem weitgehend eindruckresistentem Kunststoff auf. Ehedem wurde für die Trägerschicht hartes, starres Holz oder holzartiger Werkstoff verwendet, der jedoch bei dem bekannten Fußbodenpaneel durch ein Kunststoffmaterial ersetzt ist. Siehe auch EP 1 382 774 A und WO 2008/031829 A .From the DE 199 44 399 A1 is a generic floor panel known. This has a carrier layer of flexible but nevertheless largely impression-resistant plastic. Previously, hard, rigid wood or wood-like material was used for the support layer, which is replaced in the known floor panel by a plastic material. See also EP 1 382 774 A and WO 2008/031829 A ,

Bei Fußbodenpaneelen aus verdichteten Holzfaserplatten mit mechanischen Verriegelungsmitteln, nimmt die Qualität und Festigkeit der mechanischen Verriegelung ab je dünner die Trägerschicht ist. Eine Trägerschicht aus Kunststoffmaterial weist demgegenüber eine höhere Festigkeit auf. Dadurch ist es möglich, Fußbodenpaneele herzustellen, die eine geringere Gesamtdicke aufweisen als Fußbodenpaneele mit einer Trägerschicht aus Holzfasermaterial.In the case of floor panels made of compressed fibreboard with mechanical locking means, the quality and strength of the mechanical interlock decreases as the support layer becomes thinner. In contrast, a carrier layer of plastic material has a higher strength. This makes it possible to produce floor panels that have a lower overall thickness than floor panels with a carrier layer of wood fiber material.

Ein Fußbodenbelag aus gattungsgemäßen, im Wesentlichen aus Kunststoff bestehenden Fußbodenpaneelen eignet sich für eine schwimmende Verlegung, dass heißt, die Fußbodenpaneele liegen lose auf dem Untergrund; auf eine Klebeverbindung wird verzichtet. Temperaturschwankungen führen zu einer Ausdehnung oder Schrumpfung der einzelnen Fußbodenpaneele. Die auftretenden Kräfte belasten die mechanischen Verriegelungen und können ein Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele bewirken, sodass zwischen aneinandergrenzenden Paneelkanten ein Spalt entsteht. Derartige Spalte werden bei einem Fußbodenbelag als unästhetisch empfunden. Außerdem leidet die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Fußbodenoberfläche, wenn derartige Spalten entstehen.A floor covering of generic, consisting essentially of plastic floor panels is suitable for a floating installation, that is, the floor panels are loose on the ground; on an adhesive bond is waived. Temperature fluctuations lead to expansion or shrinkage of the individual floor panels. The forces involved stress the mechanical locks and can cause the floor panels to move apart, creating a gap between adjacent panel edges. Such gaps are perceived as unaesthetic in a floor covering. In addition, the resistance of the floor surface suffers, when such columns arise.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Fußbodenpaneel vorzuschlagen, mit dem ästhetisch ansprechendere und außerdem haltbarere Fußbodenbeläge herstellbar sind.The invention has for its object to provide a floor panel, can be produced with the aesthetically pleasing and also more durable floor coverings.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die mechanischen Verriegelungsmittel so gestaltet sind, dass im verbunden Zustand zwischen den Paneelkanten ein Spalt erzeugbar ist und sie im verriegelten Zustand einem Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele in deren Ebene und senkrecht zu den verriegelten Paneelkanten entgegenwirken, und zumindest eine Paneelkante am Rand der Dekorschicht eine Kantenbrechung aufweist.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the mechanical locking means are designed so that in the connected state between the panel edges, a gap can be generated and they counteract in the locked state a moving apart of the floor panels in the plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edges, and at least one panel edge has an edge break at the edge of the decorative layer.

Vorzugsweise sind alle Paneelkanten am Rand der Dekorschicht mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kantenbrechung versehen. Die Kantenbrechung des Fußbodenpaneels bewirkt bei einem verlegten Fußboden eine optische Betonung der Fuge und dient so als ästhetisches Gestaltungsmittel. Darüber hinaus bewirkt die Kantenbrechung einen Schutz der Paneelkante. Das Abbrechen von Material aus der Paneelkante wird auf diese Weise weitgehend vermieden.Preferably, all panel edges are provided at the edge of the decorative layer with an edge breakage according to the invention. The edge refraction of the floor panel causes a visual emphasis of the joint in a laid floor and thus serves as an aesthetic design tool. In addition, the edge breakage protects the panel edge. The removal of material from the panel edge is largely avoided in this way.

Die Kantenbrechung kann beispielsweise als Fase, Radius oder Falz ausgebildet sein. Die Falze sind vorzugsweise jeweils als treppenförmiger Absatz ausgebildet. Zwei zusammengefügte Fußbodenpaneele mit Fase an den Paneelkanten bilden eine V-Fuge. Zwei zusammengefügte Fußbodenpaneele mit Falz an den Paneelkanten bilden eine sogenannte Schattenfuge.The edge refraction may be formed, for example, as a chamfer, radius or fold. The folds are preferably each formed as a stepped step. Two joined floor panels with chamfer on the edge of the panel form a V-joint. Two joined floor panels with folds at the edges of the panels form a so-called shadow gap.

Zweckmäßig ist oberhalb der Dekorschicht eine transparente Verschleißschutzschicht vorgesehen. In der Verschleißschutzschicht können abriebhemmende Partikel vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise Korund.Suitably, a transparent wear protection layer is provided above the decorative layer. Abrasion-inhibiting particles, for example corundum, may be provided in the wear-resistant layer.

Unterhalb der Trägerschicht kann eine Gegenzugschicht vorgesehen sein. Diese ist besonders dann von Nutzen, wenn oberhalb der Trägerschicht andere Schichten angeordnet sind, die Spannungen in das Fußbodenpaneel bringen und zu einem Formverzug führen. Die Gegenzugschicht bewirkt dann eine Balance, sodass das Fußbodenpaneel eine ebene Form behält beziehungsweise bekommt.Below the carrier layer may be provided a Gegenzugschicht. This is particularly useful if above the carrier layer other layers are arranged, bring the stresses in the floor panel and lead to a distortion. The Gegenzugschicht then causes a balance, so that the floor panel retains or gets a flat shape.

Zusätzlich kann zur Verbesserung der Formstabilität eine Verstärkungsschicht vorgesehen sein, die beispielsweise faserverstärktes Material aufweist, wie Fieberglas, etc. Die Verstärkungsschicht kann als wenigstens eine Zwischenschicht in einer geteilten Trägerschicht angeordnet sein.In addition, to improve the dimensional stability, a reinforcing layer may be provided which comprises, for example, fiber-reinforced material such as fiberglass, etc. The reinforcing layer may be arranged as at least one intermediate layer in a divided carrier layer.

Als Kunststoff der Trägerschicht kann ein Material aus der Gruppe der thermoplastischen Elastomere vorgesehen sein. Hierunter fallen beispielsweise Kunststoffe auf der Basis von Polyolefin, Polypropylen, Polyurethan oder Polyamid.As a plastic of the carrier layer, a material from the group of thermoplastic Elastomers be provided. These include, for example, plastics based on polyolefin, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyamide.

Andererseits kann als Kunststoff der Trägerschicht ein Material aus der Gruppe der amorphen Elastomere vorgesehen sein. Da diese jedoch eine natürliche Härte und Sprödigkeit aufweisen, sind solche amorphen Elastomere vorgesehen, die einen Weichmacher enthalten, beispielsweise sogenanntes Weich-Polyvinylchlorid (PVC).On the other hand, a material from the group of amorphous elastomers may be provided as the plastic of the carrier layer. However, since these have a natural hardness and brittleness, such amorphous elastomers are provided which contain a plasticizer, for example, so-called soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Die Dicke des Fußbodenpaneels beträgt vorzugsweise 1,5 mm bis 6 mm.The thickness of the floor panel is preferably 1.5 mm to 6 mm.

Einfacherweise weist das Fußbodenpaneel vier Paneelkanten auf.The floor panel simply has four panel edges.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass wenigstens eine von zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Paneelkanten mit einer Nut und die gegenüberliegende Paneelkante mit einer komplementär zur Nut ausgebildeten Feder versehen ist.An expedient embodiment provides that at least one of two opposing panel edges is provided with a groove and the opposite panel edge is provided with a tongue complementary to the groove.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des Nut- und Feder-Fußbodenpaneels sieht vor, dass die Feder und die Nut jeweils eine Hinterschneidung aufweisen, dass die Hinterscheidung der Feder und die Hinterscheidung der Nut so gestaltet sind, dass sie im verriegelten Zustand einem Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele in deren Ebene und senkrecht zur verriegelten Paneelkante entgegenwirken.An advantageous development of the tongue and groove floor panel provides that the spring and the groove each have an undercut, that the distinction of the spring and the distinction of the groove are designed so that they in the locked state a moving apart of the floor panels in the plane and counteract perpendicular to the locked panel edge.

Eine zusätzlich vorteilhafte Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass wenigstens zwei einander gegenüberliegende Paneelkanten mit komplementären Hakenelementen versehen sind, die in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Ebene der Fußbodenpaneele miteinander verriegelbar sind.An additionally advantageous development provides that at least two mutually opposite panel edges are provided with complementary hook elements which can be locked together in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels.

Selbstverständlich kann ein Fußbodenpaneel mit Nut und Feder an einem ersten Paar gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten versehen sein und komplementäre Hakenelemente an einem zweiten Paar gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten aufweisen.Of course, a tongue and groove floor panel may be provided on a first pair of opposing panel edges and may include complementary hook members on a second pair of opposing panel edges.

Die Qualität der mechanischen Verriegelung durch die Hakenelemente kann verbessert werden, wenn jedes der Hakenelemente eine Hinterschneidung aufweist, die so gestaltet ist, dass im verriegelten Zustand eine Hakenverbindung entsteht, die einem Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele senkrecht zur Ebene der Fußbodenpaneele entgegenwirkt.The quality of the mechanical locking by the hook elements can be improved if each of the hook elements has an undercut which is designed so that in the locked state, a hook connection is formed, which counteracts a moving apart of the floor panels perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels.

Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung in einer Zeichnung beispielhaft dargestellt und anhand mehrerer schematischer Figuren beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Fußbodenpaneels mit formschlüssigen mechanischen Verriegelungsmitteln an den Paneelkanten sowie einer Kantenbrechung in Form einer Fase,
Fig. 2a, 2b
ausschnittsweise Darstellungen komplementärer Hakenelemente, wie sie an gegenüberliegenden Paneelkanten eines Fußbodenpaneels vorgesehen sein können,
Fig. 3a
ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt von Paneelkanten mit Kantenbrechung in Form eines Radius,
Fig. 3b
ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt von Paneelkanten mit Kantenbrechung in Form einer Fase,
Fig. 3c
ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt von Paneelkanten mit Kantenbrechung in Form einer Schattenfuge,
Fig. 4a, 4b
ausschnittsweise Darstellungen von Paneelkanten mit hinterschnittener Feder, die komplementär gestaltet ist zu einer Paneelkante mit hinterschnittener Nut, wie sie an gegenüberliegenden Paneelkanten eines Fußbodenpaneels vorgesehen sein können,
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Fußbodenpaneels mit Nut und Feder an einem ersten Paar gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten sowie komplementären Hakenelementen an einem zweiten Paar gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten.
The invention is illustrated by way of example in a drawing and described with reference to several schematic figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a floor panel with positive mechanical Locking means on the panel edges and a edge breakage in the form of a chamfer,
Fig. 2a, 2b
partial representations of complementary hook elements, as they may be provided on opposite panel edges of a floor panel,
Fig. 3a
an enlarged section of edges with edge refraction in the form of a radius,
Fig. 3b
an enlarged section of panel edges with edge breakage in the form of a chamfer,
Fig. 3c
an enlarged section of panel edges with edge refraction in the form of a shadow gap,
Fig. 4a, 4b
partial views of panel edges with undercut spring, which is complementary to a panel edge with undercut groove, as they may be provided on opposite panel edges of a floor panel,
Fig. 5
a perspective view of a floor panel with tongue and groove on a first pair of opposing panel edges and complementary hook elements on a second pair of opposing panel edges.

In Fig. 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Fußbodenpaneel 1 dargestellt. Es umfasst eine Trägerschicht 2 aus biegeweichem elastischem Kunststoff. Oberhalb der Trägerschicht 2 ist eine Dekorschicht 3 angeordnet. Die Dekorschicht 3 weist eine Abbildung einer Holzmaserung 3a auf. Am Rand der Dekorschicht 3 sind die Paneelkanten 1a, 1b sowie 1c, 1d mit einer Kantenbrechung 4 in Form einer Fase 4a versehen. Auf der Dekorschicht 3 ist eine transparente Verschleißschutzschicht 5 vorgesehen. Es sind mechanische Verriegelungsmittel vorgesehen, nämlich ein erstes Paar Paneelkanten 1a und 1b, dessen eine Paneelkante 1a eine Feder 6 mit Hinterschneidung 7 aufweist. Die gegenüberliegende Paneelkante 1b ist mit einer komplementär zur Feder 6 ausgebildeten Nut versehen. Ein zweites Paar gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten 1c und 1d ist ebenfalls mit einer Paneelkante 1c versehen, die eine Feder 8 mit Hinterschneidung aufweist, während die gegenüberliegende Paneelkante 1d eine komplementär zur Feder 8 ausgebildete Nut 9 mit Hinterschneidung 10 aufweist.In Fig. 1 an inventive floor panel 1 is shown. It comprises a carrier layer 2 made of flexible elastic plastic. Above the carrier layer 2, a decorative layer 3 is arranged. The decorative layer 3 has an image of a wood grain 3a. At the edge of the decorative layer 3, the panel edges 1a, 1b and 1c, 1d are provided with an edge break 4 in the form of a chamfer 4a. On the decorative layer 3, a transparent wear protection layer 5 is provided. There are provided mechanical locking means, namely a first pair of panel edges 1a and 1b, whose one panel edge 1a has a spring 6 with an undercut 7. The opposite panel edge 1b is provided with a complementary to the spring 6 formed groove. A second pair of opposing panel edges 1c and 1d is also provided with a panel edge 1c having a spring 8 with an undercut, while the opposite panel edge 1d has a groove 9 with an undercut 10 complementary to the spring 8.

Außer diesen mechanischen Verriegelungsmitteln können auch andere Arten mechanischer Verriegelungsmittel an einem oder beiden Paaren gegenüberliegender Paneelkanten vorgesehen sein.Besides these mechanical locking means other types of mechanical Locking means may be provided on one or both pairs of opposite panel edges.

Die Figuren 2a und 2b zeigen Paneelkanten 11 und 12 mit mechanischen Verriegelungsmitteln in Form von Hakenelementen 13 und 14. Die Hakenelemente 13 und 14 weisen jeweils eine Hinterschneidungsfläche 13a beziehungsweise 14a auf, die im verriegelten Zustand zweier Fußbodenpaneele ein Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele in deren Paneelebene sowie senkrecht zur verriegelten Paneelkante 11 beziehungsweise 12 verhindem. Die hierfür vorgesehenen Hinterschneidungsflächen sind jeweils an einem senkrecht zur Paneelebene vorstehenden Bereich 13b beziehungsweise 14b des jeweiligen Hakenelements vorgesehen. Dem senkrecht vorstehenden Bereich 13b beziehungsweise 14b benachbart ist eine Hakenausnehmung 13c beziehungsweise 14c, die so gestaltet ist, dass jeweils der senkrecht vorstehende Bereich 13b beziehungsweise 14b des Hakenelements des angrenzenden Fußbodenpaneels in diese Hakenausnehmung 13c beziehungsweise 14c hineinpasst.The FIGS. 2a and 2b show panel edges 11 and 12 with mechanical locking means in the form of hook elements 13 and 14. The hook elements 13 and 14 each have an undercut surface 13a and 14a, in the locked state of two floor panels moving apart the floor panels in the panel plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edge 11 and 12 prevent. The undercut surfaces provided for this purpose are respectively provided on a region 13b or 14b of the respective hook element projecting perpendicularly to the panel plane. Adjacent to the vertically projecting region 13b or 14b is a hook recess 13c or 14c, which is designed so that in each case the vertically projecting region 13b or 14b of the hook element of the adjacent floor panel fits into this hook recess 13c or 14c.

Die Hakenelemente 13 und 14 sind außerdem so gestaltet, dass weitere Hinterschneidungen im verriegelten Zustand zweier Fußbodenpaneele einem Auseinanderbewegen der Fußbodenpaneele in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Paneelebene entgegenwirken. Zu diesem Zweck ist an jedem der Hakenelemente ein Wellenprofil 15 beziehungsweise 15 vorgesehen, das Rastvorsprünge 15a/16a und Rastvertiefungen 15b/16b aufweist. Das Wellenprofil 15 des Hakenelements 13 ist komplementär zu dem Wellenprofil 16 des anderen Hakenelements 14 ausgebildet, sodass die Rastvorsprünge 15a des Hakenelements 13 in die Rastvertiefungen 16b des anderen Hakenelements 14 hineinpassen.The hook elements 13 and 14 are also designed so that further undercuts in the locked state of two floor panels counteract a moving apart of the floor panels in a direction perpendicular to the panel plane. For this purpose, a wave profile 15 or 15 is provided on each of the hook elements, the locking projections 15a / 16a and locking recesses 15b / 16b has. The wave profile 15 of the hook element 13 is designed to be complementary to the wave profile 16 of the other hook element 14, so that the latching projections 15a of the hook element 13 fit into the latching depressions 16b of the other hook element 14.

Die komplementären Wellenprofile 15 und 16 sind so ausgebildet, dass eine elastische Verformung des Kunststoffmaterials eine Verriegelung der Hakenelemente 13 und 14 gestattet, ohne deren Wellenprofile 15 beziehungsweise 16 zu beschädigen.The complementary wave profiles 15 and 16 are formed so that an elastic deformation of the plastic material allows locking of the hook elements 13 and 14, without damaging their wave profiles 15 and 16 respectively.

Es ist eine Dekorschicht 3 vorgesehen, an deren Rand die Paneelkante des Fußbodenpaneels gemäß Fig. 2a eine Kantenbrechung in Form einer Fase 17 aufweist. Das gleiche gilt für Dekorschicht 3 gemäß Fig. 2b. Dort ist am Rand eine Fase 18 vorgesehen.There is a decorative layer 3 is provided, at the edge of the panel edge of the floor panel according to Fig. 2a has an edge breakage in the form of a chamfer 17. The same applies to decorative layer 3 according to Fig. 2b , There is a chamfer 18 is provided at the edge.

Die Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c zeigen Ausschnitte aneinandergrenzender Paneelkanten zweier verriegelter Fußbodenpaneele. Gemäß Fig. 3a weisen die Paneelkanten jeweils eine Kantenbrechung in Form eines Radius r1 und r2 auf. Zwischen den Paneelkanten ist ein Spalt S vorhanden, wie er durch eine mechanische Belastung der Verriegelungsmittel entstehen kann. Durch die Kantenbrechung ist der unerwünschte Spalt S optisch unauffällig. Außerdem wird durch die Radien r1 und r2 wird einer Beschädigung der Paneelkanten entgegengewirkt. In der idealen Position sind die Paneelkanten nicht auseinanderbewegt, der Spalt S ist nicht vorhanden, sodass die Paneelkanten aneinanderstoßen (nicht dargestellt).The Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show sections of adjacent panel edges of two locked floor panels. According to Fig. 3a The panel edges each have an edge refraction in the form of a radius r 1 and r 2 . Between the panel edges, a gap S is present, as it may arise from a mechanical load on the locking means. Due to the edge refraction of the unwanted gap S is visually unobtrusive. In addition, will by the radii r 1 and r 2 damage to the panel edges is counteracted. In the ideal position, the panel edges are not moved apart, the gap S is absent so that the panel edges abut each other (not shown).

Für Fig. 3b gilt das gleiche wie für Fig. 3a, wobei jedoch die Kantenbrechungen anstelle von Radien in Form von Fasen f1 und f2 ausgebildet sind. Die Fasen f1 und f2 entsprechen den Fasen 17 und 18 gemäß der Figuren 2a und 2b.For Fig. 3b the same applies as for Fig. 3a However, the edge refractions are formed instead of radii in the form of chamfers f 1 and f 2 . The chamfers f 1 and f 2 correspond to the chamfers 17 and 18 according to the FIGS. 2a and 2b ,

In Fig. 3c ist eine weitere Alternative gezeigt, bei der die Kantenbrechungen in Form einer sogenannten Schattenfuge d1 beziehungsweise d2 ausgebildet sind. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Materialausnehmung in Form eines Absatzes. Im vorliegenden Fall weist der Absatz einen rechteckigen Querschnitt mit einer parallel zur Paneelebene sowie einer senkrecht zur Paneelebene angeordnete Fläche auf. Im Übrigen gilt für das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 3c das gleiche wie bezüglich Fig. 3a erläutert.In Fig. 3c is shown a further alternative, in which the edge refraction in the form of a so-called shadow gap d 1 or d 2 are formed. It is a material recess in the form of a paragraph. In the present case, the paragraph has a rectangular cross section with a parallel to the panel plane and a plane perpendicular to the panel plane surface. Otherwise, the same applies to the exemplary embodiment Fig. 3c the same as with respect Fig. 3a explained.

Die Figuren 4a und 4b zeigen Paneelkanten mit einer anderen Art komplementärer Verriegelungsmittel, nämlich Feder und Nut basierenden Verriegelungsmittel, wie bereits im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 enthalten. Die Paneelkante gemäß Fig. 4a weist eine Feder mit Hinterschneidung 19a auf, während die Paneelkante gemäß Fig. 4b eine komplementär zur vorbeschriebenen Feder 19 ausgebildete Nut 20 mit Hinterschneidung 20a aufweist. Zur Verriegelung von Nut- und Feder wird das Fußbodenpaneel mit der Feder schräg angewinkelt und die Feder in die Nut eingefügt. Anschließend wird das angewinkelte Fußbodenpaneel in die Ebene des anderen Fußbodenpaneels herabgeschwenkt. Dabei entsteht eine fomzschlüssige mechanische Verriegelung.The FIGS. 4a and 4b show panel edges with a different type of complementary locking means, namely spring and groove-based locking means, as already in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 contain. The panel edge according to Fig. 4a has a spring with undercut 19a, while the panel edge according to Fig. 4b a complementary to the above-described spring 19 formed groove 20 with undercut 20a. To lock the tongue and groove, the floor panel with the spring is angled at an angle and the spring is inserted into the groove. Subsequently, the angled floor panel is pivoted down into the plane of the other floor panel. This creates a fomzschlüssige mechanical locking.

Gemäß den Figuren 4a und 4b ist an einer Oberseite der Fußbodenpaneele eine Dekorschicht 3 vorgesehen. Am Rand der Dekorschicht 3 ist die Paneelkante jeweils mit einer Kantenbrechung in Form einer Fase 21 beziehungsweise 22 versehen. Anstelle einer Fase kann selbstverständlich jede andere Kantenbrechung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise eine Kantenbrechung gemäß einer der Figuren 3a, 3b oder 3c. Die Trägerschicht kann, wie durch die gestrichelte Linie angedeutet, geteilt sein, wobei eine Verstärkungsschicht V vorgesehen ist, welche die Formstabilität des Fußbodenpaneels verbessert.According to the FIGS. 4a and 4b is on a top of the floor panels a decorative layer 3 is provided. At the edge of the decorative layer 3, the edge of the panel is provided with an edge refraction in the form of a bevel 21 and 22, respectively. Of course, any other edge refraction may be provided instead of a chamfer, for example an edge refraction according to one of the FIGS. 3a, 3b or 3c , The support layer may be divided, as indicated by the dashed line, with a reinforcing layer V being provided, which improves the dimensional stability of the floor panel.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines alternativen Fußbodenpaneels 1, das an einem ersten Paar gegenüberliegenden Paneelkanten 1c und 1d komplementärer Verriegelungsmittel in Form einer Feder 19 mit Hinterschneidung 19a aufweist. Die Feder 19 ist an einer Paneelkante 1d vorgesehen. Eine komplementäre Nut 20 mit Hinterschneidung 20a ist an der gegenüberliegenden Paneelkante 1c vorgesehen. Das zweite Paar Paneelkanten 1a und 1b weist komplementäre Hakenelemente 13 beziehungsweise 14, wie anhand der Figuren 2a und 2b beschrieben. Das alternative Fußbodenpaneel 1 umfasst eine Trägerschicht 2 aus biegeweichem elastischem Kunststoff. Oberhalb der Trägerschicht 2 ist eine Dekorschicht 3 angeordnet. Die Dekorschicht 3 weist eine Abbildung einer Holzmaserung 3a auf. Am Rand der Dekorschicht 3 sind die Paneelkanten la, 1b sowie 1c, 1d mit einer Kantenbrechung 4 in Form einer Fase 4a versehen. Auf der Dekorschicht 3 ist eine transparente Verschleißschutzschicht 5 vorgesehen. Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an alternative floor panel 1, which has at a first pair of opposite panel edges 1c and 1d complementary locking means in the form of a spring 19 with undercut 19a. The spring 19 is provided on a panel edge 1d. A complementary groove 20 with undercut 20a is provided on the opposite panel edge 1c. The second pair of panel edges 1a and 1b has complementary hook elements 13 and 14, respectively, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 2a and 2b described. The alternative floor panel 1 comprises a carrier layer 2 of flexible elastic plastic. Above the carrier layer 2, a decorative layer 3 is arranged. The decorative layer 3 has an image of a wood grain 3a. At the edge of the decorative layer 3, the panel edges 1a, 1b and 1c, 1d are provided with an edge break 4 in the form of a chamfer 4a. On the decorative layer 3, a transparent wear protection layer 5 is provided.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Fußbodenpaneelfloor panel
1a1a
Paneelkantepanel edge
1b1b
Paneelkantepanel edge
1c1c
Paneelkantepanel edge
1d1d
Paneelkantepanel edge
22
Trägerschichtbacking
33
Dekorschichtdecorative layer
3a3a
Holzmaserungwood grain
44
Kantenbrechungedge diffraction
4a4a
Fasechamfer
55
VerschleißschutzschichtWear protection layer
66
Federfeather
77
Hinterschneidungundercut
88th
Federfeather
99
Nutgroove
1010
Hinterschneidungundercut
1111
Paneelkantepanel edge
1212
Paneelkantepanel edge
1313
Hakenelementhook element
13a13a
Hinterschneidungsflächeundercut
13b13b
senkrecht vorstehender Bereichvertically projecting area
1414
Hakenelementhook element
14a14a
Hinterschneidungsflächeundercut
14b14b
senkrecht vorstehender Bereichvertically projecting area
1515
Wellenprofilwave profile
15a15a
Rastvorsprungcatch projection
15b15b
Rastvertiefunglatching depression
1616
Wellenprofilwave profile
16a16a
Rastvorsprungcatch projection
16b16b
Rastvertiefunglatching depression
1717
Fasechamfer
1818
Fasechamfer
1919
Federfeather
19a19a
Hinterschneidungundercut
2020
Nutgroove
20a20a
Hinterschneidungundercut
2121
Fasechamfer
2222
Fasechamfer
d1 d 1
Schattenfugeshadow
d2 d 2
Schattenfugeshadow
f1 f 1
Fasechamfer
f2 f 2
Fasechamfer
r1 r 1
Radiusradius
r2 r 2
Radiusradius
SS
Spaltgap
VV
Verstärkungsschichtreinforcing layer

Claims (15)

  1. Floor panel (1) comprising a carrier layer (2) comprising a plastic material that is pliable and elastic at an application temperature of the flooring, a decorative layer (3) being disposed above the carrier layer (2), complementary mechanical locking means (8, 9) being provided on at least two panel edges (la, 1b,1c, 1d, 11, 12), which cooperate in the locked state of two floor panels (1) and counter-acting a moving apart of the floor panels (1), characterized in that the mechanical locking means (8, 9) are designed in such a manner that in the joint state a gap (S) can be generated between the panel edges and that in a locked state they counteract a moving-apart of the floor panels in their plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edges, and at least one panel edge (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 11, 12) has an edge break-away (4) at the edge of the decorative layer (3).
  2. Floor panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge break-away (4) is designed as a chamfer (f1, f2, 17, 18, 21, 22), radius (r1, r2) or stepped mortise (d1, d2).
  3. Floor panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that above the decorative layer (3) a transparent wear protection layer (5) is disposed.
  4. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that below the carrier layer (2) a counteracting layer (G) is provided.
  5. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that as a plastic material of the carrier layer (2) a material from the group of thermoplastic elastomers is provided.
  6. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that as a plastic material of the carrier layer (2) a material from the group of amorphous elastomers is provided, wherein plasticizers are added to the amorphous elastomer.
  7. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the floor panel amounts to 1.5 mm to 6 mm.
  8. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the floor panel (1) includes four panet edges (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 11, 12).
  9. Floor panel according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one of two mutually opposite panel edges (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 11, 12) is provided with a groove (9,20) and the opposite panel edge (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 11, 12) is provided with a tongue (8, 19) formed complementary to the groove (9, 20).
  10. Floor panel according to claim 9, characterized in that the tongue (8, 19) and the groove (9, 20) each include an undercut (7, 19a and 10, 20a), that the undercut (7, 19a) of the tongue (8, 19) and the undercut (10, 20a) of the groove (9, 20) are designed in such a manner that in the locked state they counteract a moving apart of the floor panels (1) in their plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edge (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 11, 12).
  11. Floor panel according to one of the claims 8 to 10, characterized in that at least two mutually opposite panel edges (11, 12) are provided with complementary hook elements (13, 14) that are lockable to one another in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels (1).
  12. Floor panel according to claim 11, characterized in that each of the hook elements (13, 14) includes an undercut surface (13a, 14a) that is designed in such a manner that in the locked state a hook connection is produced that counteracts a moving apart of the floor panels (1) perpendicular to the plane of the floor panels (1).
  13. Floor panel according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a reinforcement layer (V) is provided.
  14. Floor panel according to claim 13, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (V) includes fiber-reinforced material.
  15. Floor panel according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (V) is arranged as at least one intermediate layer in a split carrier layer (2).
EP09780976.8A 2008-09-01 2009-07-23 Floor panel made of plastic having mechanical locking edges Active EP2318613B1 (en)

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PL09780976T PL2318613T3 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-07-23 Floor panel made of plastic having mechanical locking edges

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DE202008011589U DE202008011589U1 (en) 2008-09-01 2008-09-01 Plastic floor panel with mechanical locking edges
PCT/EP2009/059487 WO2010023042A1 (en) 2008-09-01 2009-07-23 Floor panel made of plastic having mechanical locking edges

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EP2318613A1 EP2318613A1 (en) 2011-05-11
EP2318613B1 true EP2318613B1 (en) 2014-09-03

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EP (1) EP2318613B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101175060B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102137978B (en)
CA (1) CA2734801C (en)
DE (1) DE202008011589U1 (en)
DK (1) DK2318613T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2525471T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1156992A1 (en)
PL (1) PL2318613T3 (en)
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DK2318613T3 (en) 2014-12-08
CN102137978B (en) 2013-03-20
PT2318613E (en) 2014-12-12
CA2734801C (en) 2015-04-21
RU2011112392A (en) 2012-10-10
KR101175060B1 (en) 2012-08-16
US11002020B2 (en) 2021-05-11
CA2734801A1 (en) 2010-03-04
US9745756B2 (en) 2017-08-29
CN102137978A (en) 2011-07-27
ES2525471T3 (en) 2014-12-23
DE202008011589U1 (en) 2008-11-27
RU2482249C2 (en) 2013-05-20
WO2010023042A1 (en) 2010-03-04
US20110138722A1 (en) 2011-06-16
EP2318613A1 (en) 2011-05-11
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US20170335571A1 (en) 2017-11-23
PL2318613T3 (en) 2015-03-31

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