Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
  • C08G59/42—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or low molecular weight esters thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
  • C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B41/4853—Epoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
  • C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
  • C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
  • C04B41/63—Macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2111/25—Graffiti resistance; Graffiti removing

Definitions

• the invention relates to natural oil based epoxies. More specifically, the invention relates to ultraviolet radiation cured, non-volatile organic component, linseed oil based epoxy coatings, sealants, adhesives and elastomers.
• High alpha linolenic acid linseed oil based epoxies can be quickly cured by a process including exposure to ultraviolet radiation to form coatings, sealants, adhesives and elastomers which do not contain and will not emit volatile organic components.
• Existing epoxy coating, seaiant, adhesive and elastomer compositions can contribute to volatile organic component emissions and also have slow cure times, lack hardness and chemical resistance.
• one or two component epoxy coatings may be low-voc or no-voc but have a cure time of several days.
• existing epoxy compositions may comprise of chemicals which are harmful to the environment.
• compositions that in some embodiments include an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester, an ultraviolet radiation photoinitiator, a curing agent and a catalyst.
• the composition is useful as an anti-graffiti coating, a floor coating, a concrete sealant, a natural stone sealant, a coating for boats and other marine applications, inks, corkboard epoxy, cardboard epoxy, fiberglass epoxy, metal epoxy, a rubber flooring, a floor adhesive, a linoleum adhesive, a carpet adhesive as well as other suitable uses which will be readily apparent to one of skill in the art.
• Compositions of the present invention may be present as one component, two component or optionally three components.
• the epoxy modified fatty acid ester is epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil known in trade as epoxidized
• HIOMEGATM linseed oil As discussed herein, a 'high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil' such as HIOMEGA has at least 60% and preferably 70-80% alpha linolenic acid content.
• the epoxy modified fatty acid ester is a combination of epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil known in trade as epoxidized HIOMEGA linseed oil and an epoxy modified fatty acid ester selected from the group consisting of epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid unseed oil known in trade as epoxidized HiOMEGA linseed oil, epoxidized low linoienic acid linseed oil known in trade as epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil and combinations thereof.
• the ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is a cationic onium salt.
• the curing agent or hardener is an anhydride or mixture of anhydrides.
• the catalyst is a polybasic acid.
• the optional third component is a filler or inert ingredient or material.
• a composition for coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers comprising an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin, a catalyst and a curing agent.
• the epoxy-modified fatty acid resin may be an epoxidized natural vegetable oil selected from the group consisting of epoxidized high alpha iinolenic acid linseed oil, epoxidized low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil, epoxidizied soybean oil and combinations thereof.
• the composition may comprise 91-99% e poxy- modified fatty acid resin, 0.5- 8.5% catalyst and 0.5-8.5% curing agent.
• the catalyst may be an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator.
• the ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator may be an onium salt cationic photoinitiator.
• the ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator may be selected from the group consisting of bis (dodecylphenyl) iodonium hexafluoroantimonate, triaryisulfoniumhexafluorophosphate, bis triphenyi sulfonium hexafluorophosphate and 4,4'-dimethyf-diphenyi iodonium hexafluorophosphate or combinations thereof.
• the composition may comprise: a first component comprising 96-100% epoxy-modified fatty acid resin and 0- 4% UV radiation induced photoinitiator; and a second component comprising 55-85% curing agent and 15-45% catalyst.
• the composition may include a third component comprising a filler or an inert material.
• the curing agent may be at least one anhydride.
• the at least one anhydride may be selected from the group consisting of methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, pyromeilitic anhydride and combinations thereof.
• the catalyst may be a dibasic acid, for example, maleic acid.
• the filler or inert material may be selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, shredded recycled rubber, ground rubber in both round cold milled form and fine flake, clay, glass beads, calcium carbonate, talc, silica and the like and combinations thereof.
• ratio ranges by endpoints include all ratios and fractional ratios subsumed within that range (e.g., 1 :10 to 1 :100 includes 1 :20, 1 :35, 1 :75.5 etc).
• the term "iodine value” is used to indicate the amount of unsaturation in the form of double bonds contained by the fatty acids of a natural vegetable oil. The higher the iodine value, the more unsaturated double bonds are present in the fatty acids of the triglycerides of the oil.
• the term "high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil” refers to the natural linseed oil with at least 60 % alpha iinolenic acid content and more commonly with 70% to 80 % alpha linolenic acid content.
• high alpha iinolenic acid linseed oil refers to the natural linseed oil with an iodine vaiue typically ranging from 200 to 250.
• An exemplary example of a high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil is HIOMEGA, as discussed herein.
• low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil refers to the natural linseed oil with at least 45% and not more than 60 % alpha linolenic acid content.
• low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil refers to the natural linseed oil with iodine values typically ranging from 170 - 200.
• An exemplary example of a low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil is LankroflexTM, as discussed herein.
• soybean oil refers to the natural vegetable oil derived from soybeans with a typical iodine value from 125 - 140.
• An exemplary example of an expoxidized soybean oil is PARAPLEX G-60+TIW
• oxirane value is defined as the percent oxygen absorbed by the unsaturated natural oil raw material during oxidation (Whittington's Dictionary of Plastics, James F. Carley, Ed., Technomic Publishing Co., Lancaster PA., 1993).
• epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin refers to a fatty acid resin that has been epoxidized.
• epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil refers to high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil which has been epoxidized to yield an epoxidized natural oil or epoxidized fatty acid ester with an oxirane value as high as 10 to 15.
• epoxidized low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil refers to low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil which has been epoxidized to yield an epoxidized natural oii or epoxidized fatty acid ester with an oxirane value typically ranging from 7 to 10.
• epoxidized soybean oil refers to soybean oil which has been epoxidized to yield an epoxidized natural oil or epoxidized fatty acid ester with an oxirane value typically ranging from 5.5 to 7.1.
• compositions comprising an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin, a catalyst and a curing agent.
• the composition may be used in a variety of ways, for example but by no means limited to as anti-graffiti coating, a floor coating, a concrete sealant, a natural stone sealant, a coating for boats and other marine applications, inks, corkboard epoxy, cardboard epoxy, fiberglass epoxy, metal epoxy, a rubber flooring, a floor adhesive, a linoleum adhesive, a carpet adhesive etc.
• the compositions described herein have improved cure time, hardness and chemical resistance and also do not contain or emit significant or any volatile organic compounds. Accordingly, these epoxy compositions are characterized in that no volatile organic compounds are emitted therefrom.
• the catalyst is an ultraviolet radiation induced photo initiator.
• the composition is referred to as a 'one component' composition in which the composition may be applied directly to the use site and UV light is used to initiate cross-linking. That is, in these embodiments, the composition is ready for immediate use and curing is effected by using either natural sunlight or a UV source, as discussed herein.
• a first component comprising an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin and a second component comprising a curing agent and a catalyst.
• the first component and the second component are mixed together at an appropriate ratio as discussed herein immediately prior to application to the use site.
• an additional third component comprising filler which is mixed at an appropriate ratio with the other two components to produce the desired composition which is then applied to the use site as discussed herein.
• kits comprising the first component, the first component and the second component and the first component, the second component and the third component together with instructions describing the proper modes of mixing where applicable.
• compositions provide fast-curing coatings, sealants, adhesives and elastomers which do not contain and will not emit volatile organic components.
• the seal is chemical resistant, hard and durable.
• compositions of the present invention include an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin, an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator, a curing agent and a catalyst.
• compositions may be one component, two components or optionally three components, as discussed herein. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, this provides considerable flexibility on how the compositions can be used and cured.
• a one component composition preferably includes an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin, an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator and a curing agent.
• the ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator is the catalyst and the composition is arranged to be applied directly to the use site without any prior mixing.
• crosslinking is initiated by UV radiation, either natural (sunlight) or man-made (UV light).
• UV radiation either natural (sunlight) or man-made (UV light).
• the specific wavelength or range of wavelengths of UV light used depends on the photoinitiator selected.
• the one component composition comprises 91-99% epoxy-modified fatty acid resin, 0.5%-8.5% curing agent and 0.5%-8.5% catalyst, for example, an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator.
• a two component composition preferably includes an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin and optionally an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator in the first component (Component A) and a curing agent and catalyst in the hardener or second component (Component B).
• the first component or component A comprises 96- 100% epoxy-modified fatty acid resin plus 0-4% photoinitiator.
• the second component or component B comprises 55-85% curing agent and 15-45% catalyst.
• a three component composition preferably includes an epoxy-modified fatty acid resin and optionally an ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator in the first part (Component A) and a curing agent and catalyst in the hardener or second part (Component B) and a filler or inert ingredient or materia! in the third part (Component C).
• the addition of the third component or component C at varying concentrations allows for the formation of very different textures and properties as discussed herein.
• compositions profide versatile, environmentally friendly, natural oil based epoxy compositions with improved cure time, hardness and chemical resistance, which do not also contain volatile organic components (NO- VOC).
• the epoxy modified fatty acid resin is present in an amount suitable to form a hardened composition through polymerization.
• photoinitiated polymerization of the epoxy modified fatty acid resin proceeds rapidly to form a chemical resistant, durable and hard substance.
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the overall composition in an amount of at least 91 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of so ⁇ ds of the epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin, ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator, and the curing agent in the overall composition).
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the overall composition in an amount of no more than 99 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 98 wt-%,, even more preferably, no more than 97 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 96 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 95 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 94 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 93 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 92 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 91 wt-%.
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the first part (Component A) of the composition in an amount of at least 96 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin and ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator of Component A).
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the first part (Component A) composition in an amount of no more than 100 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 99 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 98 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 97 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 96 wt-%.
• the ratio by weight of the first component (Component A) to the hardener or second component (Component B) is at least 1 :1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.2:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.3:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.4:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.5:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.6:1 and even more preferably, at least 1.7:1.
• the ratio of the first component (Component A) to the hardener or second component (Component B) is no more than 4:1 , or even more preferably, no more than 3:1 , or more preferably no more than 2:1.
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the first part (Component A) of the composition in an amount of at least 96 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy- modified fatty acid ester resin and ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator of Component A).
• an epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin is present in the first part (Component A) composition in an amount of no more than 100 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 99 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 98 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 97 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 96 wt-%.
• the ratio by weight of the first component (Component A) to the hardener or second component (Component B) is at least 1 :1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.2:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.3:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.4:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.5:1 , or even more preferably, at least 1.6:1 and even more preferably, at least 1.7:1.
• the ratio of the first component (Component A) to the hardener or second component (Component B) is no more than 4:1 , or even more preferably, no more than 3:1 and even more preferably, no more than 2:1.
• a third component is available for addition to the first component and the second component for use in some applications.
• the ratio by weight of the filler or third component (Component C) and the combined weights of the first component (Component A) and hardener or second component (Component B) is at least 1 :100, or even more preferably at ieast 1 :10, or even more preferably at least 1 :1 and even more preferably, at least 10:1.
• the ratio by weight of the filler or third component (Component C) and the combined weights of the first component (Component A) and hardener or second component (Component B) is no more than 100:1 , or even more preferably, is no more than 50:1 , or even more preferably, is no more than 40:1 , or even more preferably, is no more than 30:1 , or even more preferably, is no more than 20:1 and even more preferably, is no more than 10:1.
• the third component while referred to as 'filler', provides the user with a significant degree of flexibility when using the three components for preparing adhesive compositions having very different textures and properties which can quickiy and easily be mixed and used.
• the epoxy modified fatty acid ester is epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil known in trade as epoxidized HiOMEGA linseed oil.
• Other suitable epoxy modified fatty acid esters may be a combination of epoxidized high alpha iinolenic acid linseed oil and other suitable epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins derived from natural vegetable sources.
• epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil is preferred as the high oxirane value indicates a high number of epoxy functional groups.
• Suitable epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins may have, for example, an oxirane value of 5.5 to 15.
• epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins with highest oxirane values would be used in compositions of the present invention.
• Suitable epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins would be derived from unsaturated natural vegetable oils with typical iodine values of 125 to 250. Preferably, epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins from natural vegetable oils with the highest iodine values would be used in compositions of the present invention.
• Suitable epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resins for use in the present invention may include, for example, epoxidized natural oils, such as epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil, epoxidized low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil, soybean oil and the like.
• epoxidized natural oils such as epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil, epoxidized low alpha linolenic acid linseed oil, soybean oil and the like.
• epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resins are those sold under the trade designations epoxidized HIOMEGA linseed oil, an epoxidized high alpha linoienic acid content linseed oil (Polar Industries, Fisher Branch, Manitoba Canada), PARAPLEX G-60 epoxidized soybean oil (CP Ha!!, Chicago, III.), LANKROFLEX L epoxidized linseed oil (Akcros Chemicals, New Brunswick, N. J.).
• a particularly preferred epoxy modified fatty acid ester resin is the epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil known in trade as epoxidized HiOMEGA linseed oil (Polar Industries, Inc. Fisher Branch, Manitoba Canada).
• Combinations of the above-described epoxy modified fatty acid ester resins are also suitable for use in the present invention.
• combinations of the above-described epoxy-modified fatty acid resins contain 100 % epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil.
• An ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator is preferably present in the overall composition to initiate polymerization and cross-linking.
• an ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is preferably present in 1 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin, ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator, and the curing agent in the overall composition), more preferably, at least 2 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 3 wt-% and even more preferably, at least 4 wt-%.
• an ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is present in a one component composition in an amount of no more than 10 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 9 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 8 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 7 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 6 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 5 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 4 wt- %.
• the ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is optional.
• the ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator is present in the first part (Component A) of the composition in an amount of at least 1 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin and ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator), more preferably, at least 2 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 3 wt-% and even more preferably, at least 4 wt-%.
• the ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is optional.
• the ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is present in the first part (Component A) of the composition in an amount of at least 1 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy-modified fatty acid ester resin and ultraviolet radiation induced photoinitiator), more preferably, at least 2 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 3 wt-% and even more preferably, at least 4 wt-%.
• Suitable ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiators include cationic sulfonium and iodonium salts such as bis (dodecylphenyl) iodonium hexafluoroantimonate, triarylsulfoniumhexafluorophosphate, bis triphenyl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate and 4,4'-dimethyl-diphenyl iodonium hexafluorophosphate.
• the ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator is a sulfonium salt.
• suitable sulfonium salts are those sold in trade as Omnicat 432TM (IGM Resins, Bartlett IL) and Omnicat 440TM (IGM Resins, Bartlett IL).
• the composition may be cured by exposure to natural sunlight
• the composition may be cured by exposure to ultraviolet light.
• the photoinitiator chosen will determine the wavelength of the ultraviolet light necessary to cure the composition.
• bis triphenyl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate dissolved 50/50 by weight in propylene carbonate is sensitive to ultraviolet light in the range of 220 - 380 nm with a peak of 251 nm.
• the curing agent is preferably an anhydride which is present in the overall composition to dry and cure the epoxy.
• the anhydride curing agent is preferably present in 1 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the epoxy- modified fatty acid ester resin, ultraviolet radiation sensitive photoinitiator, and the curing agent in the overall composition), more preferably, at least 2 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 3 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 4 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 4 wt-%, and even more preferably, at least 5 wt-%.
• an anhydride curing agent is present in a one component composition in an amount of no more than 9 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 8 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 7 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 6 wt-%, and even more preferably, no more than 5 wt-%.
• anhydride curing agent is preferably present in the second part (Component B) of the composition in an amount of at least 55 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the curing agent and catalyst in Component B), more preferably, at least 60 wt-%, and even more preferably, at least 65 wt-%.
• an anhydride curing agent is present in the second part (Component B) of a two component composition in an amount of no more than 85 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 80 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 75 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 70 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 65 wt-% in a three component composition the anhydride curing agent is present in the second part (Component B) of the composition in an amount of at least 55 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the curing agent and catalyst in Component B), more preferably, at least 60 wt-% and even more preferably, at least 65 wt-%.
• an anhydride curing agent is present in the second part (Component B) of a two component composition in an amount of no more than 85 wt- %, even more preferably, no more than 70 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 75 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 70 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 65 wt-%.
• Suitable anhydride curing agents include methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride soid in trade as MTHPA-CTM (Broadview Technologies, Newark NJ) and pyromellitic anhydride sold in trade as PMDATM (Alfa Aesar, Wardhili MA) or a combination of anhydride curing agents.
• a catalyst is preferably present in the second part (Component B) of the two and three component compositions to speed polymerization.
• the catalyst is preferably present in the second part (Component B) of the composition in an amount of at least 15 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the curing agent and catalyst in Component B), more preferably, at least 20 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 25 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 30 wt-% and even more preferably, at least 35 wt-%.
• a catalyst is present in the second part (Component B) of a two component composition in an amount of no more than 45 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 40 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 35 wt-%.
• a three component composition the catalyst is present in the second part
• Component B of the composition in an amount of at least 15 weight percent (wt-%, based on total weight of solids of the curing agent and catalyst in Component B) 1 more preferably, at ieast 20 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 25 wt-%, even more preferably, at least 30 wt-% and even more preferably, at ieast 35 wt-%.
• a catalyst is present in the second part (Component B) of a two component composition in an amount of no more than 45 wt-%, even more preferably, no more than 40 wt-% and even more preferably, no more than 35 wt-%.
• Suitable catalysts include (Z)-2-butenedioic acid or toxilic acid or malenic acid or maleinic acid, or cis-1 ,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid commonly known as maleic acid sold in trade as MS (Aifa Aesar, Wardhill MA).
• a filler or inert ingredient is preferably present in the third part (Component C) of the three component composition.
• Fillers or inert ingredients modify the appearance of and/or provide characteristics such as increased flexibility or durability after curing as well as increasing the volume of the final composition.
• Fillers or inert ingredients include, for example, calcium phosphate, shredded recycled rubber, ground rubber in both round cold milled form and fine flake, clay, glass beads, calcium carbonate, talc, silica and the like or combinations thereof.
• the filler or inert ingredient can make up at least 1 % by weight of the total weight of a three component embodiment of the composition.
• the filler or inert ingredient can make up no more than 90% by weight of the total weight of a three component embodiment of the composition.
• addition of pigments, extender pigments dispersing agents, defoamers and the like may be desirable.
• pigments, extender pigments, dispersing agents and defoamers are known to those skiiied in the art.
• pigments may include titanium dioxide, carbon black etc.
• such pigments, extender pigments, dispersing agents, defoamers and the like can make up at least 0.001 % by weight of the total weight of a composition of the present invention.
• such pigments extender pigments, dispersing agents, defoamers and the like can make up no more than 95% by weight of the total weight of a composition of the present invention.
• such pigments extender pigments, dispersing agents, defoamers and the like are combined with the first part (i.e. Component A) of a two component or three component composition.
• Oxirane values are analyzed using the Official and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists' Society (1997).
• Iodine values are represented as g 12 / 100 ml oil as per American Oil Chemists' Society Method AOCS Tg2a-64.
• Example 1 Example of a one component composition
• the mixture can be thinned 50:50 with common solvents such as denatured alcohol and sprayed directly onto such surfaces using a high volume low pressure (HVLP) spray applicator.
• the coating will cure in natural sunlight within 5 minutes and harden completely within 15 minutes.
• the coating may also be cured with ultraviolet lights for indoor applications.
• the wavelength of the ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 220 - 380 nm with a peak of 251 nm.
• This mixture is particularly useful as an antigraffiti coating since the coating cures to a hard and clear surface, protecting the substrate from graffiti. Once a surface is treated with this no-voc anti- graffiti coating, graffiti or tagging can be easily wiped off or washed away with a pressure washer using water or denatured alcohol.
• the mixture may be stored in an air tight, light proof container for 2 years.
• the advantages of this one component coating are the qualities of no-voc, fast cure time and the use of renewable vegetable based natural oil epoxies which combined form a hard, clear, and resistant coating.
• Example 2 Example of a two component composition
• Component A No-VOC Epoxy Glue for Metal, Wood, Paper, Linoleum, Concrete or Fiberglass
• the first part of the composition (Component A) is mixed by stirring together 96 grams of epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil (known in trade as epoxidized HIOMEGA linseed oil) and 4 grams of bis triphenyl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate (known in trade as Omnicat 432).
• Component A may be stored in an air tight, light proof container for up to 2 years. Prior to use Component A should be stirred thoroughly yet gently for 2 minutes so as to mix the composition but not to introduce air pockets.
• Component B The second part of the composition (Component B) or hardener is mixed by stirring together 40 grams of methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (known in trade as MTHPA), 40 grams of pyromellitic anhydride (known in trade as PMDA) and 20 grams of maleic acid.
• Component B may be stored in a an air tight container for up to 6 months. Prior to use Component A should be stirred thoroughly yet gently for 2 minutes so as to mix the composition but not to introduce air pockets. To make the total composition, mix by stirring Component A and Component B together in a 1.65 : 1 ratio by weight. For example 82.5 grams of Component A and 50 grams of Component B are stirred together for 2 minutes.
• the total composition (Component A + Component B) to both sides of the metal, wood, paper, linoleum or concrete surfaces which will be glued together.
• the total composition may be applied with a brush, roller, sponge or similar instrument. Expose surfaces to natural sunlight or ultraviolet light for several minutes (2 -3 minutes) to initiate drying. Press surfaces firmly together and let dry. A strong bond wili form between surfaces as epoxy dries.
• layer fiberglass sheets with epoxy glue For application of the total composition to fiberglass, layer fiberglass sheets with epoxy glue. For example, lay flat one fiberglass sheet. Apply no-VOC epoxy glue with a roller to entire sheet. Layer another fiberglass sheet on top and smooth over with roller to remove possible air bubbles. Continue layering glue and fiberglass sheets until desired thickness is achieved. Expose to natural sunlight or ultraviolet radiation for several minutes ⁇ 2-10 minutes) to cure. A strong, durable fiberglass sheet is created.
• Example 3 Example of a three component composition No-VOC Rubber Floor Coating The first part of the composition (Component A) is mixed by stirring together 96 grams of epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil (known in trade as epoxidized HIOMEGA linseed oil) and 4 grams of bis tripheny! sulfonium hexafluorophosphate (known in trade as Omnicat 432). Component A may be stored in an air tight, light proof container for up to 2 years. Prior to use Component A should be stirred thoroughly yet gently for 2 minutes so as to mix the composition but not to introduce air pockets.
• Component A epoxidized high alpha linolenic acid linseed oil
• Omnicat 432 bis tripheny! sulfonium hexafluorophosphate
• the second part of the composition (Component B) or hardener is mixed by stirring together 40 grams of methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (known in trade as MTHPA), 40 grams of pyromellitic anhydride (known in trade as PMDA) and 20 grams of maieic acid.
• Component B may be stored in an air tight container for up to 6 months. Prior to use Component A should be stirred thoroughly yet gently for 2 minutes so as to mix the composition but not to introduce air pockets.
• the third part of the composition (Component C) is shredded recycled rubber. To make the total composition, mix by stirring Component A and Component B together in a 1.65 : 1 ratio by weight. For example 82.5 grams of Component A and 50 grams of Component B are stirred together for 2 minutes.
• Component C is added to the Component A + Component B mixture in a 5:1 ratio by weight.
• 50 grams of rubber (Component C) is mixed with 10 grams of the Component A + Component B mixture.
• the total composition makes a rubber floor coating which may be applied by spreading onto a wood or concrete surface. Exposure to natural sunlight or ultraviolet radiation will cure the floor coating to a hard, durable surface within several minutes.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=41090447

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2009
  • 2009-03-20 EP EP09721754A patent/EP2303945A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-20 WO PCT/CA2009/000327 patent/WO2009114935A1/en active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events